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  1. <<Der>> Mythos der Entscheidung
    Autor*in: Schlink, Bernhard
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Druck
    Übergeordneter Titel: Enthalten in: Merkur; Stuttgart, 2020; 74. Jahrgang, 848 (Januar 2020), Seite 6-14
    Schlagworte: Recht; Rechtsnorm; Richter; Auslegung; ; Politische Theorie; Positivismus;
  2. Natural convection in a vertical channel with open-cell foams
    Autor*in: Andreozzi A.; Bianco N.; Iasiello M.; Naso V.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Open-cell foams are promising to enhance heat transfer in many applications, such as electronics cooling. Though heat transfer coefficients are low, natural convection in open-cell foams is used in low-end applications, as consumer electronics or... mehr

     

    Open-cell foams are promising to enhance heat transfer in many applications, such as electronics cooling. Though heat transfer coefficients are low, natural convection in open-cell foams is used in low-end applications, as consumer electronics or switching devices. In this paper air natural convection in a vertical channel equipped with an open-cell foam, with a symmetric uniform heat flux boundary condition at the vertical sides, is investigated numerically. The foam is modeled as a continuous porous medium under the assumption of Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) between solid and fluid phases. Mass, momentum and energy equations are solved numerically under the appropriate boundary conditions by employing a commercial finite element code. The velocity of the fluid and the temperature of the solid as well as the global heat transfer coefficient, for different thermo-physical properties and morphologies of the foam, and for various channel aspect ratios, are predicted.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
  3. Simulations of paraffine melting inside metal foams at different gravity levels with preliminary experimental validation
    Autor*in: Iasiello M.; Mameli M.; Filippeschi S.; Bianco N.
    Erschienen: 2020

    In this work, the results of a numerical code based on the porous media Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) and the apparent heat capacity methods, are compared with experiments aiming at a preliminary validation. The test cell consists in a 50 mm... mehr

     

    In this work, the results of a numerical code based on the porous media Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) and the apparent heat capacity methods, are compared with experiments aiming at a preliminary validation. The test cell consists in a 50 mm aluminum foam cube filled with a paraffin wax, heated and cooled on the same face. The heat flux is measured by two miniaturized sensors, while the temperature is measured in three different locations along the cube edge. Finally, one side is equipped with a Zinc Selenide window which is transparent to the long wave InfraRed. This system allows to track the paraffin melting front evolution together with the temporal trend of the whole temperature distribution simplifying the comparison with the numerical outputs at different time steps. The numerical model is then set with the same boundary conditions (heat flux) to predict the experimental temperature fields, considering both conduction in the solid domain and natural convection in the liquid domain. The preliminary validation shows that the numerical results match the experimental data with good agreement. Results are also presented for different gravity levels. This study can be a starting point for all those applications where gravity has a major role.

     
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  4. Effects of pulsating heat source on interstitial fluid transport in tumour tissues
    Autor*in: Andreozzi, A.; Iasiello, M.; Netti, P. A.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Macromolecules and drug delivery to solid tumours is strongly influenced by fluid flow through interstitium, and pressure-induced tissue deformations can have a role in this. Recently, it has been shown that temperature-induced tissue deformation can... mehr

     

    Macromolecules and drug delivery to solid tumours is strongly influenced by fluid flow through interstitium, and pressure-induced tissue deformations can have a role in this. Recently, it has been shown that temperature-induced tissue deformation can influence interstitial fluid velocity and pressure fields, too. In this paper, the effect of modulating-heat strategies to influence interstitial fluid transport in tissues is analysed. The whole tumour tissue is modelled as a deformable porous material, where the solid phase is made up of the extracellular matrix and cells, while the fluid phase is the interstitial fluid that moves through the solid matrix driven by the fluid pressure gradient and vascular capillaries that are modelled as a uniformly interspersed fluid point-source. Pulsating-heat generation is modelled with a time-variable cosine function starting from a direct current approach to solve the voltage equation, for different pulsations. From the steady-state solution, a step-variation of vascular pressure included in the model equation as a mass source term via the Starling equation is simulated. Dimensionless 1D radial equations are numerically solved with a finite-element scheme. Results are presented in terms of temperature, volumetric strain, pressure and velocity profiles under different conditions. It is shown that a modulating-heat procedure influences velocity fields, that might have a consequence in terms of mass transport for macromolecules or drug delivery.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: drug delivery; fluid-structure interaction; interstitial flow; pulsating heat; thermoporoelasticity
  5. A novel local thermal non-equilibrium model for biological tissue applied to multiple-antennas configurations for thermal ablation
    Autor*in: Andreozzi, Assunta; Brunese, Luca; Iasiello, Marcello; Tucci, Claudio; Vanoli, Giuseppe Peter
    Erschienen: 2020

    The relevance of thermal ablation in cancer treatment is growing through the years, because it involves fewer complications, a shorter hospital stays, and less costs. In this article, the effects of different antennas configurations in thermal... mehr

     

    The relevance of thermal ablation in cancer treatment is growing through the years, because it involves fewer complications, a shorter hospital stays, and less costs. In this article, the effects of different antennas configurations in thermal ablation are investigated. Single, double, and triple antennas configurations are modeled in order to simulate the hepatic cancer treatment, which often requires the destruction of large volume lesions. The tissue is modeled as a porous domain made up by a solid phase (cells and interstitial spaces) and a fluid phase (blood). The generic heat sources are referred only to a part of this domain, and they supply equal total power and energy for the different configurations. A Local Thermal Non-Equilibrium (LTNE) model is employed, modified in order to include two-phase water vaporization (tissue and blood). Two different blood volume fractions in liver were considered and four different blood velocity were modeled. Governing equations with the appropriate boundary conditions are solved with the finite-element code COMSOL Multiphysics®. Results are presented in terms of temperature fields and tissue damage for the three different configurations and they show how using multiple antennas offers a potential solution for creating ablation zones with larger dimensions.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Biological Tissue; Thermal ablation; Multiple-antennas configurations; local thermal non-equilibrium model
  6. The effects of exterior boundary conditions on a internally heated tumor tissue with a thermoporoelastic model
    Autor*in: Andreozzi, Assunta; Iasiello, Marcello; Netti, Paolo Antonio
    Erschienen: 2020

    Modeling flow field in tumor regions interstitial space is of primary importance, because of the importance of advection in macromolecule drug delivery. Its deformation has also to be taken into account because of the forces caused by the fluid; if... mehr

     

    Modeling flow field in tumor regions interstitial space is of primary importance, because of the importance of advection in macromolecule drug delivery. Its deformation has also to be taken into account because of the forces caused by the fluid; if the tumor region is not isothermal, this deformation can be also strongly affected by temperature fields. In this paper, the effects of thermal boundary conditions on a tumor region periphery with an internal heat source are investigated. The tumor region is modeled as a deformable sphere, in which two phases can be distinguished. The fluid phase is the interstitial fluid, while the rest of the tumor is modeled as the solid phase, including also capillaries and tissues. Transient-state governing equations for mass, momentum and energy are written for both phases, by also considering tumor deformation under the linear elastic material assumption. A situation of Tumor Blood Flow (TBF) rapid decay, in which vascular pressure rapidly approaches to zero, is considered, while the heat source is modeled as a fourth-grade radial-decay function. Boundary conditions for the energy equation are varied on the external surface of the sphere, in order to appreciate the effects of the surrounding on flow and temperature fields inside the tumor. After scaling equations, a finite-element scheme is employed for the numerical solution. Comparisons with analytical solutions from literature show a good agreement. Results are shown for different dimensionless parameters that are referred to temperature, volumetric strain, pressure and velocity, showing in which case external boundary conditions strongly affect tumor region flow fields and a third-kind boundary condition is needed.

     
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  7. Comparison of Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Digital Radiography in Detecting Separated Endodontic Files and Strip Perforation
    Autor*in: Abdinian, Mehrdad; Moshkforoush, Saba; Hemati, Hamidreza; Soltani, Parisa; Moshkforoushan, Mansoure; Spagnuolo, Gianrico
    Erschienen: 2020

    The separation of endodontic files and strip perforation are among procedural intraoperative complications which may ultimately lead to the failure of root canal treatment. The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic potential of cone... mehr

     

    The separation of endodontic files and strip perforation are among procedural intraoperative complications which may ultimately lead to the failure of root canal treatment. The aim of the present study was to compare the diagnostic potential of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and digital periapical radiographs in detecting separated rotary files and strip perforation in filled canals. Fifty human mandibular molars were selected for this study. The teeth were randomly divided into two groups based on endodontic errors (i.e., file separation and strip perforation). In each group, 25 of 50 mesial canals were randomly chosen for simulating the errors, while the other 25 canals were considered as the control group. In group one, a simulation of the separation of rotary files was performed using ProTaper F2 files. Strip perforation of the root canals in group two was achieved by number 2 and 3 Gates Glidden drills in the coronal third of the root canals. Digital periapical radiographs in two different horizontal angles and high-resolution CBCT scans were obtained from the teeth mounted on a dry human mandible with simulated soft tissue covering. Three experienced observers who were unaware of the study groups evaluated the digital periapical and CBCT image sets in two separate readings. Intraobserver and interobserver agreements, as well as accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV), were calculated and compared. Intraobserver and interobserver agreements ranged from poor to excellent and poor to good, respectively. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV for digital radiography in detecting separated files were 0.950, 0.813, 0.957, 0.929, and 0.880, respectively. The same values for CBCT were 0.747, 0.667, 0.900, 0.833, and 0.783, respectively. For the diagnosis of strip perforation, these values were 0.855, 0.800, 0.909, 0.889, and 0.833 for periapical radiography and 0.955, 1.000, 0.920, 0.926, and 1.000 for CBCT. In conclusion, CBCT ...

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
  8. Individual, familial, and socio-environmental risk factors of gang membership in a community sample of adolescents in southern italy
    Autor*in: Bacchini D.; Dragone M.; Esposito C.; Affuso G.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Despite the growing social alarm generated by the recurrent news concerning violent episodes involving youth gangs, systematic research in Italy in this field, especially within a psychological framework, is still limited. Following a... mehr

     

    Despite the growing social alarm generated by the recurrent news concerning violent episodes involving youth gangs, systematic research in Italy in this field, especially within a psychological framework, is still limited. Following a social-ecological approach, the present study aimed at investigating the role of self-serving cognitive distortions (CDs), parental rejection, and community violence witnessing in youth gang membership (YGM). Furthermore, we examined the mediating and/or moderating role of YGM in the association between risk factors and involvement in antisocial behaviors (ASBs). A community sample of 817 adolescents attending middle and high schools in a high-risk urban area in Southern Italy (46.9% males; 53% middle school students; Mage = 14.67; SD = 1.65) were involved in the study. One hundred and fifty-seven participants (19.2%) were found to be gang members. Employing counterfactual-based mediation analysis, we found that CDs and community violence witnessing were directly associated with YGM and ASBs. The association between CDs and ASBs was mediated by YGM. Parental rejection was directly related to ASBs but not to YGM. A significant interaction effect between parental rejection and YGM was found, revealing that high levels of parental rejection, along with being a gang member, amplified the involvement in ASBs. These findings pointed out that distorted moral cognitions and the experience of violence witnessing within the community may represent a fertile ground for gang involvement. Both individual and contextual factors should be considered in order to implement interventions aimed to prevent adolescents’ risk of joining a gang.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schlagworte: Antisocial behavior; Community violence witnessing; Parental rejection; Self-serving cognitive distortion; Youth gang membership
  9. Retromer stabilization results in neuroprotection in a model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
    Autor*in: Muzio, Luca; Sirtori, Riccardo; Gornati, Davide; Eleuteri, Simona; Fossaghi, Andrea; Brancaccio, Diego; Manzoni, Leonardo; Ottoboni, Linda; Feo, Luca De; Quattrini, Angelo; Mastrangelo, Eloise; Sorrentino, Luca; Scalone, Emanuele; Comi, Giancarlo; Marinelli, Luciana; Riva, Nilo; Milani, Mario; Seneci, Pierfausto; Martino, Gianvito
    Erschienen: 2020

    Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). We find a significant reduction of the retromer complex subunit VPS35 in iPSCs-derived MNs from ALS patients, in MNs from... mehr

     

    Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal disease characterized by the degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs). We find a significant reduction of the retromer complex subunit VPS35 in iPSCs-derived MNs from ALS patients, in MNs from ALS post mortem explants and in MNs from SOD1G93A mice. Being the retromer involved in trafficking of hydrolases, a pathological hallmark in ALS, we design, synthesize and characterize an array of retromer stabilizers based on bis-guanylhydrazones connected by a 1,3-phenyl ring linker. We select compound 2a as a potent and bioavailable interactor of VPS35-VPS29. Indeed, while increasing retromer stability in ALS mice, compound 2a attenuates locomotion impairment and increases MNs survival. Moreover, compound 2a increases VPS35 in iPSCs-derived MNs and shows brain bioavailability. Our results clearly suggest the retromer as a valuable druggable target in ALS.

     
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  10. ANALISI DELLE RETI E ARCHEOLOGIA: IL CASO STUDIO DELLA GALILEA
    Autor*in: Cimadomo, P.; Galluccio, C.; Ragozini G.
    Erschienen: 2020

    The area of Northern Israel has been a region of interest for archaeologists. Textual materials are various and useful to reconstruct the history of the region, as well as a lot of data coming from the material culture. This way, archaeologists may... mehr

     

    The area of Northern Israel has been a region of interest for archaeologists. Textual materials are various and useful to reconstruct the history of the region, as well as a lot of data coming from the material culture. This way, archaeologists may shed light on the complex framework of cultures that developed in this territory. In the period between the 1st century BCE and the 2nd century CE, the growing influence of the Romans generated a substantial integration of Galilee into a global context. Through the application of new types of analysis, it is possible to reconstruct cultural and commercial trades of the area. The application of network analysis to archaeological questions is a pivotal subject of scientific debate. In this work, we aim to reconstruct the dynamic connections between Jewish settlements in Galilee on the basis of consistent evidence, speculating on the presence of links whenever proof lacks. Data referring to many types of artefacts were derived from the analysis of scientific papers and archaeological excavation catalogues. This way we obtained a multiplex network in which the nodes are the sites and the links are given by the presence of the different artefacts. Here we present the first findings from an exploratory analysis. Visualization methods are exploited, such as multi-force embedding and multi-task network embedding algorithm. More specifically, the latter, which is based on link prediction, seems to be particularly suited for the data we are dealing with, in which the absence of a link could be due to missing data. Moreover, in order to consider how connections have changed over the reference period, a temporal approach is used. Multiplex network analysis can also be used to model dynamic networks where each layer corresponds to the network state at a given moment.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Italienisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
  11. Model comparison from LIGO-Virgo data on GW170817's binary components and consequences for the merger remnant
    Autor*in: Abbott B. P.; Abbott R.; Abbott T. D.; Abraham S.; Acernese F.; Ackley K.; Adams C.; Adya V. B.; Affeldt C.; Agathos M.; Agatsuma K.; Aggarwal N.; Aguiar O. D.; Aiello L.; Ain A.; Ajith P.; Allen G.; Allocca A.; Aloy M. A.; Altin P. A.; Amato A.; Anand S.; Ananyeva A.; Anderson S. B.; Anderson W. G.; Angelova S. V.; Antier S.; Appert S.; Arai K.; Araya M. C.; Areeda J. S.; Arene M.; Arnaud N.; Aronson S. M.; Arun K. G.; Ascenzi S.; Ashton G.; Aston S. M.; Astone P.; Aubin F.; Aufmuth P.; Aultoneal K.; Austin C.; Avendano V.; Avila-Alvarez A.; Babak S.; Bacon P.; Badaracco F.; Bader M. K. M.; Bae S.; Baird J.; Baker P. T.; Baldaccini F.; Ballardin G.; Ballmer S. W.; Bals A.; Banagiri S.; Barayoga J. C.; Barbieri C.; Barclay S. E.; Barish B. C.; Barker D.; Barkett K.; Barnum S.; Barone F.; Barr B.; Barsotti L.; Barsuglia M.; Barta D.; Bartlett J.; Bartos I.; Bassiri R.; Basti A.; Bawaj M.; Bayley J. C.; Bazzan M.; Becsy B.; Bejger M.; Belahcene I.; Bell A. S.; Beniwal D.; Benjamin M. G.; Berger B. K.; Bergmann G.; Bernuzzi S.; Berry C. P. L.; Bersanetti D.; Bertolini A.; Betzwieser J.; Bhandare R.; Bidler J.; Biggs E.; Bilenko I. A.; Bilgili S. A.; Billingsley G.; Birney R.; Birnholtz O.; Biscans S.; Bischi M.; Biscoveanu S.; Bisht A.; Bitossi M.; Bizouard M. A.; Blackburn J. K.; Blackman J.; Blair C. D.; Blair D. G.; Blair R. M.; Bloemen S.; Bobba F.; Bode N.; Boer M.; Boetzel Y.; Bogaert G.; Bondu F.; Bonnand R.; Booker P.; Boom B. A.; Bork R.; Boschi V.; Bose S.; Bossilkov V.; Bosveld J.; Bouffanais Y.; Bozzi A.; Bradaschia C.; Brady P. R.; Bramley A.; Branchesi M.; Brau J. E.; Breschi M.; Briant T.; Briggs J. H.; Brighenti F.; Brillet A.; Brinkmann M.; Brockill P.; Brooks A. F.; Brooks J.; Brown D. D.; Brunett S.; Buikema A.; Bulik T.; Bulten H. J.; Buonanno A.; Buskulic D.; Buy C.; Byer R. L.; Cabero M.; Cadonati L.; Cagnoli G.; Cahillane C.; Calderon Bustillo J.; Callister T. A.; Calloni E.; Camp J. B.; Campbell W. A.; Canepa M.; Cannon K. C.; Cao H.; Cao J.; Carapella G.; Carbognani F.; Caride S.; Carney M. F.; Carullo G.; Casanueva Diaz J.; Casentini C.; Caudill S.; Cavaglia M.; Cavalier F.; Cavalieri R.; Cella G.; Cerda-Duran P.; Cesarini E.; Chaibi O.; Chakravarti K.; Chamberlin S. J.; Chan M.; Chao S.; Charlton P.; Chase E. A.; Chassande-Mottin E.; Chatterjee D.; Chaturvedi M.; Chatziioannou K.; Cheeseboro B. D.; Chen H. Y.; Chen X.; Chen Y.; Cheng H. -P.; Cheong C. K.; Chia H. Y.; Chiadini F.; Chincarini A.; Chiummo A.; Cho G.; Cho H. S.; Cho M.; Christensen N.; Chu Q.; Chua S.; Chung K. W.; Chung S.; Ciani G.; Cieslar M.; Ciobanu A. A.; Ciolfi R.; Cipriano F.; Cirone A.; Clara F.; Clark J. A.; Clearwater P.; Cleva F.; Coccia E.; Cohadon P. -F.; Cohen D.; Colleoni M.; Collette C. G.; Collins C.; Colpi M.; Cominsky L. R.; Constancio M.; Conti L.; Cooper S. J.; Corban P.; Corbitt T. R.; Cordero-Carrion I.; Corezzi S.; Corley K. R.; Cornish N.; Corre D.; Corsi A.; Cortese S.; Costa C. A.; Cotesta R.; Coughlin M. W.; Coughlin S. B.; Coulon J. -P.; Countryman S. T.; Couvares P.; Covas P. B.; Cowan E. E.; Coward D. M.; Cowart M. J.; Coyne D. C.; Coyne R.; Creighton J. D. E.; Creighton T. D.; Cripe J.; Croquette M.; Crowder S. G.; Cullen T. J.; Cumming A.; Cunningham L.; Cuoco E.; Dal Canton T.; Dalya G.; D'Angelo B.; Danilishin S. L.; D'Antonio S.; Danzmann K.; Dasgupta A.; Da Silva Costa C. F.; Datrier L. E. H.; Dattilo V.; Dave I.; Davier M.; Davis D.; Daw E. J.; Debra D.; Deenadayalan M.; Degallaix J.; De Laurentis M.; Deleglise S.; Del Pozzo W.; Demarchi L. M.; Demos N.; Dent T.; De Pietri R.; De Rosa R.; De Rossi C.; Desalvo R.; De Varona O.; Dhurandhar S.; Diaz M. C.; Dietrich T.; Di Fiore L.; Difronzo C.; Di Giorgio C.; Di Giovanni F.; Di Giovanni M.; Di Girolamo T.; Di Lieto A.; Ding B.; Di Pace S.; Di Palma I.; Di Renzo F.; Divakarla A. K.; Dmitriev A.; Doctor Z.; Donovan F.; Dooley K. L.; Doravari S.; Dorrington I.; Downes T. P.; Drago M.; Driggers J. C.; Du Z.; Ducoin J. -G.; Dupej P.; Durante O.; Dwyer S. E.; Easter P. J.; Eddolls G.; Edo T. B.; Effler A.; Ehrens P.; Eichholz J.; Eikenberry S. S.; Eisenmann M.; Eisenstein R. A.; Errico L.; Essick R. C.; Estelles H.; Estevez D.; Etienne Z. B.; Etzel T.; Evans M.; Evans T. M.; Fafone V.; Fairhurst S.; Fan X.; Farinon S.; Farr B.; Farr W. M.; Fauchon-Jones E. J.; Favata M.; Fays M.; Fazio M.; Fee C.; Feicht J.; Fejer M. M.; Feng F.; Fernandez-Galiana A.; Ferrante I.; Ferreira E. C.; Ferreira T. A.; Fidecaro F.; Fiori I.; Fiorucci D.; Fishbach M.; Fisher R. P.; Fishner J. M.; Fittipaldi R.; Fitz-Axen M.; Fiumara V.; Flaminio R.; Fletcher M.; Floden E.; Flynn E.; Fong H.; Font J. A.; Forsyth P. W. F.; Fournier J. -D.; Frasca S.; Frasconi F.; Frei Z.; Freise A.; Frey R.; Frey V.; Fritschel P.; Frolov V. V.; Fronze G.; Fulda P.; Fyffe M.; Gabbard H. A.; Gadre B. U.; Gaebel S. M.; Gair J. R.; Gammaitoni L.; Gaonkar S. G.; Garcia-Quiros C.; Garufi F.; Gateley B.; Gaudio S.; Gaur G.; Gayathri V.; Gemme G.; Genin E.; Gennai A.; George D.; George J.; Gergely L.; Ghonge S.; Ghosh A.; Ghosh S.; Giacomazzo B.; Giaime J. A.; Giardina K. D.; Gibson D. R.; Gill K.; Glover L.; Gniesmer J.; Godwin P.; Goetz E.; Goetz R.; Goncharov B.; Gonzalez G.; Gonzalez Castro J. M.; Gopakumar A.; Gossan S. E.; Gosselin M.; Gouaty R.; Grace B.; Grado A.; Granata M.; Grant A.; Gras S.; Grassia P.; Gray C.; Gray R.; Greco G.; Green A. C.; Green R.; Gretarsson E. M.; Grimaldi A.; Grimm S. J.; Groot P.; Grote H.; Grunewald S.; Gruning P.; Guidi G. M.; Gulati H. K.; Guo Y.; Gupta A.; Gupta P.; Gustafson E. K.; Gustafson R.; Haegel L.; Halim O.; Hall B. R.; Hall E. D.; Hamilton E. Z.; Hammond G.; Haney M.; Hanke M. M.; Hanks J.; Hanna C.; Hannam M. D.; Hannuksela O. A.; Hansen T. J.; Hanson J.; Harder T.; Hardwick T.; Haris K.; Harms J.; Harry G. M.; Harry I. W.; Hasskew R. K.; Haster C. J.; Haughian K.; Hayes F. J.; Healy J.; Heidmann A.; Heintze M. C.; Heitmann H.; Hellman F.; Hello P.; Hemming G.; Hendry M.; Heng I. S.; Hennig J.; Hernandez Vivanco F.; Heurs M.; Hild S.; Hinderer T.; Ho W. C. G.; Hochheim S.; Hofman D.; Holgado A. M.; Holland N. A.; Holt K.; Holz D. E.; Hopkins P.; Horst C.; Hough J.; Howell E. J.; Hoy C. G.; Huang Y.; Hubner M. T.; Huerta E. A.; Huet D.; Hughey B.; Hui V.; Husa S.; Huttner S. H.; Huynh-Dinh T.
    Erschienen: 2020

    GW170817 is the very first observation of gravitational waves originating from the coalescence of two compact objects in the mass range of neutron stars, accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts, and offers an opportunity to directly probe the... mehr

     

    GW170817 is the very first observation of gravitational waves originating from the coalescence of two compact objects in the mass range of neutron stars, accompanied by electromagnetic counterparts, and offers an opportunity to directly probe the internal structure of neutron stars. We perform Bayesian model selection on a wide range of theoretical predictions for the neutron star equation of state. For the binary neutron star hypothesis, we find that we cannot rule out the majority of theoretical models considered. In addition, the gravitational-wave data alone does not rule out the possibility that one or both objects were low-mass black holes. We discuss the possible outcomes in the case of a binary neutron star merger, finding that all scenarios from prompt collapse to long-lived or even stable remnants are possible. For long-lived remnants, we place an upper limit of 1.9 kHz on the rotation rate. If a black hole was formed any time after merger and the coalescing stars were slowly rotating, then the maximum baryonic mass of non-rotating neutron stars is at most 3.05M⊙, and three equations of state considered here can be ruled out. We obtain a tighter limit of 2.67M⊙ for the case that the merger results in a hypermassive neutron star.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: compact object merger; gravitational wave astronomy; neutron star equation of state; neutron stars
  12. Surgical treatment for common hepatic aneurysm. Original one-step technique
    Autor*in: Amato B.; Patrone R.; Quarto G.; Compagna R.; Cirocchi R.; Popivanov G.; Granata V.; Belli A.; Izzo F.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Introduction ‒ Hepatic artery aneurysms are rare, and their treatment represents a challenge for the surgeons. Materials and methods ‒ A new technique is presented for common hepatic artery (CHA) aneurysm: it requires minimal vascular surgical... mehr

     

    Introduction ‒ Hepatic artery aneurysms are rare, and their treatment represents a challenge for the surgeons. Materials and methods ‒ A new technique is presented for common hepatic artery (CHA) aneurysm: it requires minimal vascular surgical dissection and only one linear vascular stapler is applied at the bottom of aneurysm. Aneurysm exclusion is easily obtained, which allowed retrograde thrombosis. Liver blood supply is ensured to the right and left hepatic artery, through the gastroduodenal artery, and can be previously monitored, with temporary clamping of the section area, by visual control, enzyme evaluation and intraoperative ultrasound examination. We reported an open surgical treatment, with simultaneous removal of hepatic and adrenal metastases, secondary to colon cancer. Results ‒ The duration of vascular surgery was 30 min and did not involve complications. Postoperative controls confirmed the efficacy of the procedure. Discussion ‒ This original technique can be added to the various open and endovascular techniques so far described for the treatment of a CHA aneurysm. It is advisable as open surgery, mostly in case of associated pathologies. Conclusions ‒ The authors believe that this “one shot” technique by vascular staple of the distal part of CHA is minimally invasive and effective to obtain the exclusion of the aneurysm.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Aneurysm treatment; Hepatic artery aneurysm; Vascular stapler; Visceral aneurysm
  13. The anti-inflammatory and immune-modulatory effects of OEA limit DSS-induced colitis in mice
    Autor*in: Lama A.; Provensi G.; Amoriello R.; Pirozzi C.; Rani B.; Mollica M. P.; Mattace Raso G.; Ballerini C.; Meli R.; Passani M. B.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Fatty acid ethanolamides acting on proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α are among the endogenous lipid molecules that attenuate inflammatory processes and pain sensitivity. Whereas these properties are well-known for palmitoylethanolamide (PEA),... mehr

     

    Fatty acid ethanolamides acting on proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α are among the endogenous lipid molecules that attenuate inflammatory processes and pain sensitivity. Whereas these properties are well-known for palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), the efficacy of oleoylethanolamide (OEA, first described as a satiety hormone synthesized in the jejunum) has been overlooked. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of OEA administration in a mouse model of colitis. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to 2.5% dextran sodium sulphate (DSS) in drinking water for 5 days. Daily i.p. administration of 10 mg/kg OEA started 3 days before DSS and lasted for 12 days. The DSS-untreated control group received only ultrapure water. DSS mice treated with OEA had a significant improvement of disease score. OEA restored mRNA transcription of PPAR-α, of tight junctions and protective factors of colon integrity disrupted by DSS. The improvement correlated with significant decrease of colonic and systemic levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to the DSS group. OEA antiinflammatory effects were mediated by the selective targeting of the TLR4 axis causing a downstream inhibition of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)- MyD88-dependent and NLRP3 inflammation pathways. OEA treatment also inhibited DSS-induced increase of inflammatory cytokines levels in the mesenteric lymph nodes. Conclusions and implications: These results underscore the validity of OEA as a potent protective and anti-inflammatory agent in ulcerative colitis that may be exploited to broaden the pharmacological strategies against inflammatory bowel disease.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Inflammasome; Inflammatory bowel disease; Intestinal barrier; Mesenteric lymph node; PPAR-α
  14. Oral Bisphenol A Worsens Liver Immune-Metabolic and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Induced by High-Fat Diet in Adult Mice: Cross-Talk between Oxidative Stress and Inflammasome Pathway
    Autor*in: Pirozzi, Claudio; Lama, Adriano; Annunziata, Chiara; Cavaliere, Gina; Ruiz-Fernandez, Clara; Monnolo, Anna; Comella, Federica; Gualillo, Oreste; Stornaiuolo, Mariano; Mollica, Maria Pina; Mattace Raso, Giuseppina; Ferrante, Maria Carmela; Meli, Rosaria
    Erschienen: 2020

    Lines of evidence have shown the embryogenic and transgenerational impact of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, on immune-metabolic alterations, inflammation, and oxidative stress, while BPA toxic effects in adult obese mice are... mehr

     

    Lines of evidence have shown the embryogenic and transgenerational impact of bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine-disrupting chemical, on immune-metabolic alterations, inflammation, and oxidative stress, while BPA toxic effects in adult obese mice are still overlooked. Here, we evaluate BPA's worsening effect on several hepatic maladaptive processes associated to high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity in mice. After 12 weeks HFD feeding, C57Bl/6J male mice were exposed daily to BPA (50 μg/kg per os) along with HFD for 3 weeks. Glucose tolerance and lipid metabolism were examined in serum and/or liver. Hepatic oxidative damage (reactive oxygen species, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes), and mitochondrial respiratory capacity were evaluated. Moreover, liver damage progression and inflammatory/immune response were determined by histological and molecular analysis. BPA amplified HFD-induced alteration of key factors involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, liver triglycerides accumulation, and worsened mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing oxidative stress and reducing antioxidant defense. The exacerbation by BPA of hepatic immune-metabolic dysfunction induced by HFD was shown by increased toll-like receptor-4 and its downstream pathways (i.e., NF-kB and NLRP3 inflammasome) amplifying inflammatory cytokine transcription and promoting fibrosis progression. This study evidences that BPA exposure represents an additional risk factor for the progression of fatty liver diseases strictly related to the cross-talk between oxidative stress and immune-metabolic impairment due to obesity.

     
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    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: inflammatory cytokine; liver fibrosi; mitochondrial respiratory capacity; obesity; reactive oxygen specie
  15. Thiol-trapping natural products under the lens of the cysteamine assay: friends, foes, or simply alternatively reversible ligands?
    Autor*in: Caprioglio D.; Minassi A.; Avonto C.; Taglialatela-Scafati O.; Appendino G.
    Erschienen: 2020

    The literature on thia-Michael acceptors is vast and can be cherry-picked to show either that these compounds pollute chemical libraries displaying unselective binding and propensity to toxicity, or, alternatively, that the thiol-trapping reaction is... mehr

     

    The literature on thia-Michael acceptors is vast and can be cherry-picked to show either that these compounds pollute chemical libraries displaying unselective binding and propensity to toxicity, or, alternatively, that the thiol-trapping reaction is highly selective and critical for bioactivity. Since the energy of the carbon–sulfur bond (ca 60 kcal/mole) is similar to the one of the π-component of a carbon–carbon double bond, all thia-Michael additions are, in principle, reversible, and basically thermodynamically driven by the difference in energy between an S–H and a C–H bond. However, the rate of the backward reaction can vary dramatically, depending on mesomeric effects, strain, and steric considerations that can substantially lower the kinetic barrier to the forward and backward reactions, while the position of the equilibrium is strongly affected by steric effects. As a result, a pulsed, transient binding reminiscent of a non-covalent interaction can take place. We describe how an NMR assay to identify transient Michael acceptors was serendipitously discovered during an investigation on the migraine-inducing toxic constituents of the headache tree [Umbellularia californica (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt.], and summarize how the assay can also be used to locate thia-Michael acceptor sites in complex natural products, to comparatively evaluate thiol affinity in multi-electrophilic compounds, and to rate mixtures of acceptors according to their reactivity with thiol groups.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Cinnamaldehyde; Cysteamine assay; Electrophilic natural product; Sesquiterpene lactone; Thia-Michael reaction
  16. A Fuzzy Rule-Based GIS Framework to Partition an Urban System Based on Characteristics of Urban Greenery in Relation to the Urban Context
    Autor*in: di martino ferdinando; cardone barbara
    Erschienen: 2020

    We present a GIS-based framework implementing a Mamdani fuzzy rule-based system to partition in an unsupervised mode an urban system in urban green areas. The proposed framework is characterized by high usability and flexibility. The study area is... mehr

     

    We present a GIS-based framework implementing a Mamdani fuzzy rule-based system to partition in an unsupervised mode an urban system in urban green areas. The proposed framework is characterized by high usability and flexibility. The study area is partitioned in homogeneous regions regarding the characteristics of public green areas and relations with the residents and buildings. The urban system is initially partitioned in microzones, given the smallest areas in which is taken a census of the urban system in terms of resident population, type and number of buildings and properties, industrial and service activities. During a pre-processing phase, the values of specific indicators defined by a domain expert that characterize the type of urban green and the relationship with the residents and buildings are calculated for each microzone. Subsequently, the fuzzy rule-based system component is executed to classify each microzone based on the fuzzy rule set constructed by the domain expert. Spatially adjoining microzones belonging to the same class are dissolved to form homogeneous areas called Urban Green Contexts. The membership degrees of the microzones to the fuzzy set of their class are used to evaluate the reliability of the classification of the Urban Green Context. We test our framework on the municipality of Pozzuoli (Italy), comparing the results with the ones obtained in a supervised manner by the expert appropriately partitioning and classifying the study area based on his knowledge of the urban study area.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: GIS framework; Mamdani fuzzy rule based; fuzzy partition; fuzzy sets; UGC; UGA class
    Lizenz:

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  17. Can integrated care help in meeting the challenges posed on our health care systems by COVID-19? Some preliminary lessons learned from the european VIGOUR project
    Autor*in: Lindner S.; Kubitschke L.; Lionis C.; Anastasaki M.; Kirchmayer U.; Giacomini S.; De Luca V.; Iaccarino G.; Illario M.; Maddalena A.; Maritati A.; Conforti D.; Roba I.; Musian D.; Cano A.; Granell M.; Carriazo A. M.; Lama C. M.; Rodriguez S.; Guligowska A.; Kostka T.; Konijnendijk A.; Vitullo M.; Garcia-Rudolph A.; Sanchez J. S.; Maggio M.; Liotta G.; Tziraki C.; Roller-Wirnsberger R.
    Erschienen: 2020

    The COVID-19 pandemic puts health and care systems under pressure globally. This current paper highlights challenges arising in the care for older and vulnerable populations in this context and reflects upon possible perspectives for different... mehr

     

    The COVID-19 pandemic puts health and care systems under pressure globally. This current paper highlights challenges arising in the care for older and vulnerable populations in this context and reflects upon possible perspectives for different systems making use of nested integrated care approaches adapted during the work of the EU-funded project VIGOUR (“Evidence based Guidance to Scale-up Integrated Care in Europe”, funded by the European Union’s Health Programme 2014–2020 under Grant Agreement Number 826640).

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Health care; Integrated care; Pandemic management; Social care; Vulnerable patients
    Lizenz:

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  18. Rethinking palliative care in a public health context: addressing the needs of persons with non-communicable chronic diseases
    Autor*in: Tziraki C.; Grimes C.; Ventura F.; O'caoimh R.; Santana S.; Zavagli V.; Varani S.; Tramontano D.; Apostolo J.; Geurden B.; De Luca V.; Tramontano G.; Romano M. R.; Anastasaki M.; Lionis C.; Rodriguez-Acuna R.; Capelas M. L.; Dos Santos Afonso T.; Molloy D. W.; Liotta G.; Iaccarino G.; Triassi M.; Eklund P.; Roller-Wirnsberger R.; Illario M.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) are the main cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Demographic aging has resulted in older populations with more complex healthcare needs. This necessitates a multilevel rethinking of healthcare... mehr

     

    Non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) are the main cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Demographic aging has resulted in older populations with more complex healthcare needs. This necessitates a multilevel rethinking of healthcare policies, health education and community support systems with digitalization of technologies playing a central role. The European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Aging (A3) working group focuses on well-being for older adults, with an emphasis on quality of life and healthy aging. A subgroup of A3, including multidisciplinary stakeholders in health care across Europe, focuses on the palliative care (PC) model as a paradigm to be modified to meet the needs of older persons with NCCDs. This development paper delineates the key parameters we identified as critical in creating a public health model of PC directed to the needs of persons with NCCDs. This paradigm shift should affect horizontal components of public health models. Furthermore, our model includes vertical components often neglected, such as nutrition, resilience, well-being and leisure activities. The main enablers identified are information and communication technologies, education and training programs, communities of compassion, twinning activities, promoting research and increasing awareness amongst policymakers. We also identified key 'bottlenecks': inequity of access, insufficient research, inadequate development of advance care planning and a lack of co-creation of relevant technologies and shared decision-making. Rethinking PC within a public health context must focus on developing policies, training and technologies to enhance person-centered quality life for those with NCCD, while ensuring that they and those important to them experience death with dignity.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: integrated; multimorbidity; non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs); palliative care; public health
    Lizenz:

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  19. Transitional palliative care interventions for older adults with advanced non-malignant diseases and frailty: a systematic review
    Autor*in: Sezgin D.; Hendry A.; Liew A.; O'Donovan M.; Salem M.; Carriazo A. M.; Lopez-Samaniego L.; Rodriguez-Acuna R.; Kennelly S.; Illario M.; Arnal Carda C.; Inzitari M.; Hammar T.; O'Caoimh R.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Purpose: To identify transitional palliative care (TPC) interventions for older adults with non-malignant chronic diseases and complex conditions. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. CINAHL, Cochrane... mehr

     

    Purpose: To identify transitional palliative care (TPC) interventions for older adults with non-malignant chronic diseases and complex conditions. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review of the literature was conducted. CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase and Pubmed databases were searched for studies reporting TPC interventions for older adults, published between 2002 and 2019. The Crowe Critical Appraisal Tool was used for quality appraisal. Findings: A total of six studies were included. Outcomes related to TPC interventions were grouped into three categories: healthcare system-related outcomes (rehospitalisation, length of stay [LOS] and emergency department [ED] visits), patient-related outcomes and family/carer important outcomes. Overall, TPC interventions were associated with lower readmission rates and LOS, improved quality of life and better decision-making concerning hospice care among families. Outcomes for ED visits were unclear. Research limitations/implications: Positive outcomes related to healthcare services (including readmissions and LOS), patients (quality of life) and families (decision-making) were reported. However, the number of studies supporting the evidence were limited. Originality/value: Studies examining the effectiveness of existing care models to support transitions for those in need of palliative care are limited. This systematic literature review identified and appraised interventions aimed at improving transitions to palliative care in older adults with advanced non-malignant diseases or frailty.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Advanced disease; Care model; Chronic disease; End-of-life care; Frailty; Non-malignant; Older adult; Palliative care; Transitional care
    Lizenz:

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  20. Peptide/Polyketide Molecules From Marine Macro and/or Microorganisms
    Autor*in: Valeria Costantino; Marie-Lise Bouguet-Kondracki; Efstathia Ioannou
    Erschienen: 2020

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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
  21. Correlation between work impairment, scores of rhinitis severity and asthma using the MASK-air® App
    Autor*in: Bedard A.; Anto J. M.; Fonseca J. A.; Arnavielhe S.; Bachert C.; Bedbrook A.; Bindslev-Jensen C.; Bosnic-Anticevich S.; Cardona V.; Cruz A. A.; Fokkens W. J.; Garcia-Aymerich J.; Hellings P. W.; Ivancevich J. C.; Klimek L.; Kuna P.; Kvedariene V.; Larenas-Linnemann D.; Melen E.; Monti R.; Mosges R.; Mullol J.; Papadopoulos N. G.; Pham-Thi N.; Samolinski B.; Tomazic P. V.; Toppila-Salmi S.; Ventura M. T.; Yorgancioglu A.; Bousquet J.; Pfaar O.; Basagana X.; Aberer W.; Agache I.; Akdis C. A.; Akdis M.; Aliberti M. R.; Almeida R.; Amat F.; Angles R.; Annesi-Maesano I.; Ansotegui I. J.; Arnavielle S.; Asayag E.; Asarnoj A.; Arshad H.; Avolio F.; Bacci E.; Baiardini I.; Barbara C.; Barbagallo M.; Baroni I.; Barreto B. A.; Bateman E. D.; Bedolla-Barajas M.; Bewick M.; Beghe B.; Bel E. H.; Bergmann K. C.; Bennoor K. S.; Benson M.; Bertorello L.; Bialoszewski A. Z.; Bieber T.; Bialek S.; Bjermer L.; Blain H.; Blasi F.; Blua A.; Bochenska Marciniak M.; Bogus-Buczynska I.; Boner A. L.; Bonini M.; Bonini S.; Bosse I.; Bouchard J.; Boulet L. P.; Bourret R.; Bousquet P. J.; Braido F.; Briedis V.; Brightling C. E.; Brozek J.; Bucca C.; Buhl R.; Buonaiuto R.; Panaitescu C.; Burguete Cabanas M. T.; Burte E.; Bush A.; Caballero-Fonseca F.; Caillaud D.; Caimmi D.; Calderon M. A.; Camargos P. A. M.; Camuzat T.; Canfora G.; Canonica G. W.; Carlsen K. H.; Carreiro-Martins P.; Carriazo A. M.; Carr W.; Cartier C.; Casale T.; Castellano G.; Cecchi L.; Cepeda A. M.; Chavannes N. H.; Chen Y.; Chiron R.; Chivato T.; Chkhartishvili E.; Chuchalin A. G.; Chung K. F.; Ciaravolo M. M.; Ciceran A.; Cingi C.; Ciprandi G.; Carvalho Coehlo A. C.; Colas L.; Colgan E.; Coll J.; Conforti D.; Constantinidis J.; Correia de Sousa J.; Cortes-Grimaldo R. M.; Corti F.; Costa E.; Costa-Dominguez M. C.; Courbis A. L.; Cox L.; Crescenzo M.; Custovic A.; Czarlewski W.; Dahlen S. E.; D'Amato G.; Dario C.; da Silva J.; Dauvilliers Y.; Darsow U.; De Blay F.; De Carlo G.; Dedeu T.; de Fatima Emerson M.; De Feo G.; De Vries G.; De Martino B.; Motta Rubini N. P.; Deleanu D.; Denburg J. A.; Devillier P.; Di Capua Ercolano S.; Di Carluccio N.; Didier A.; Dokic D.; Dominguez-Silva M. G.; Douagui H.; Dray G.; Dubakiene R.; Durham S. R.; Du Toit G.; Dykewicz M. S.; El-Gamal Y.; Eklund P.; Eller E.; Emuzyte R.; Farrell J.; Farsi A.; Ferreira de Mello J.; Ferrero J.; Fink-Wagner A.; Fiocchi A.; Fontaine J. F.; Forti S.; Fuentes-Perez J. M.; Galvez-Romero J. L.; Gamkrelidze A.; Garcia-Cobas C. Y.; Garcia-Cruz M. H.; Gemicioglu B.; Genova S.; Christoff G.; Gereda J. E.; Gerth van Wijk R.; Gomez R. M.; Gomez-Vera J.; Gonzalez Diaz S.; Gotua M.; Grisle I.; Guidacci M.; Guldemond N. A.; Gutter Z.; Guzman M. A.; Haahtela T.; Hajjam J.; Hernandez L.; Hourihane J. O. '. B.; Huerta-Villalobos Y. R.; Humbert M.; Iaccarino G.; Illario M.; Ispayeva Z.; Jares E. J.; Jassem E.; Johnston S. L.; Joos G.; Jung K. S.; Just J.; Jutel M.; Kaidashev I.; Kalayci O.; Kalyoncu A. F.; Karjalainen J.; Kardas P.; Keil T.; Keith P. K.; Khaitov M.; Khaltaev N.; Kleine-Tebbe J.; Kowalski M. L.; Kuitunen M.; Kull I.; Kupczyk M.; Krzych-Falta E.; Lacwik P.; Laune D.; Lauri D.; Lavrut J.; Le L. T. T.; Lessa M.; Levato G.; Li J.; Lieberman P.; Lipiec A.; Lipworth B.; Lodrup Carlsen K. C.; Louis R.; Lourenco O.; Luna-Pech J. A.; Magnan A.; Mahboub B.; Maier D.; Mair A.; Majer I.; Malva J.; Mandajieva E.; Manning P.; De Manuel Keenoy E.; Marshall G. D.; Masjedi M. R.; Maspero J. F.; Mathieu-Dupas E.; Matta Campos J. J.; Matos A. L.; Maurer M.; Mavale-Manuel S.; Mayora O.; Meco C.; Medina-Avalos M. A.; Melo-Gomes E.; Meltzer E. O.; Menditto E.; Mercier J.; Miculinic N.; Mihaltan F.; Milenkovic B.; Moda G.; Mogica-Martinez M. D.; Mohammad Y.; Momas I.; Montefort S.; Mora Bogado D.; Morais-Almeida M.; Morato-Castro F. F.; Mota-Pinto A.; Moura Santo P.; Munter L.; Muraro A.; Murray R.; Naclerio R.; Nadif R.; Nalin M.; Napoli L.; Namazova-Baranova L.; Neffen H.; Niedeberger V.; Nekam K.; Neou A.; Nieto A.; Nogueira-Silva L.; Nogues M.; Novellino E.; Nyembue T. D.; O'Hehir R. E.; Odzhakova C.; Ohta K.; Okamoto Y.; Okubo K.; Onorato G. L.; Ortega Cisneros M.; Ouedraogo S.; Pali-Scholl I.; Palkonen S.; Panzner P.; Park H. S.; Papi A.; Passalacqua G.; Paulino E.; Pawankar R.; Pedersen S.; Pepin J. L.; Pereira A. M.; Persico M.; Phillips J.; Picard R.; Pigearias B.; Pin I.; Pitsios C.; Plavec D.; Pohl W.; Popov T. A.; Portejoie F.; Potter P.; Pozzi A. C.; Price D.; Prokopakis E. P.; Puy R.; Pugin B.; Pulido Ross R. E.; Przemecka M.; Rabe K. F.; Raciborski F.; Rajabian-Soderlund R.; Reitsma S.; Ribeirinho I.; Rimmer J.; Rivero-Yeverino D.; Rizzo J. A.; Rizzo M. C.; Robalo-Cordeiro C.; Rodenas F.; Rodo X.; Rodriguez Gonzalez M.; Rodriguez-Manas L.; Rolland C.; Rodrigues Valle S.; Roman Rodriguez M.; Romano A.; Rodriguez-Zagal E.; Rolla G.; Roller-Wirnsberger R. E.; Romano M.; Rosado-Pinto J.; Rosario N.; Rottem M.; Ryan D.; Sagara H.; Salimaki J.; Sanchez-Borges M.; Sastre-Dominguez J.; Scadding G. K.; Schunemann H. J.; Scichilone N.; Schmid-Grendelmeier P.; Sarquis Serpa F.; Shamai S.; Sheikh A.; Sierra M.; Simons F. E. R.; Siroux V.; Sisul J. C.; Skrindo I.; Sole D.; Somekh D.; Sondermann M.; Sooronbaev T.; Sova M.; Sorensen M.; Sorlini M.; Spranger O.; Stellato C.; Stelmach R.; Stukas R.; Sunyer J.; Strozek J.; Szylling A.; Tebyrica J. N.; Thibaudon M.; To T.; Todo-Bom A.; Trama U.; Triggiani M.; Suppli Ulrik C.; Urrutia-Pereira M.; Valenta R.; Valero A.; Valiulis A.; Valovirta E.; van Eerd M.; van Ganse E.; van Hage M.; Vandenplas O.; Vezzani G.; Vasankari T.; Vatrella A.; Verissimo M. T.; Viart F.; Viegi G.; Vicheva D.; Vontetsianos T.; Wagenmann M.; Walker S.; Wallace D.; Wang D. Y.; Waserman S.; Werfel T.; Westman M.; Wickman M.; Williams D. M.; Williams S.; Wilson N.; Wright J.; Wroczynski P.; Yakovliev P.; Yawn B. P.; Yiallouros P. K.; Yusuf O. M.; Zar H. J.; Zhang L.; Zhong N.; Zernotti M. E.; Zhanat I.; Zidarn M.; Zuberbier T.; Zubrinich C.; Zurkuhlen A.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Background: In allergic rhinitis, a relevant outcome providing information on the effectiveness of interventions is needed. In MASK-air (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network), a visual analogue scale (VAS) for work is used as a relevant outcome. This... mehr

     

    Background: In allergic rhinitis, a relevant outcome providing information on the effectiveness of interventions is needed. In MASK-air (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network), a visual analogue scale (VAS) for work is used as a relevant outcome. This study aimed to assess the performance of the work VAS work by comparing VAS work with other VAS measurements and symptom-medication scores obtained concurrently. Methods: All consecutive MASK-air users in 23 countries from 1 June 2016 to 31 October 2018 were included (14 189 users; 205 904 days). Geolocalized users self-assessed daily symptom control using the touchscreen functionality on their smart phone to click on VAS scores (ranging from 0 to 100) for overall symptoms (global), nose, eyes, asthma and work. Two symptom-medication scores were used: the modified EAACI CSMS score and the MASK control score for rhinitis. To assess data quality, the intra-individual response variability (IRV) index was calculated. Results: A strong correlation was observed between VAS work and other VAS. The highest levels for correlation with VAS work and variance explained in VAS work were found with VAS global, followed by VAS nose, eye and asthma. In comparison with VAS global, the mCSMS and MASK control score showed a lower correlation with VAS work. Results are unlikely to be explained by a low quality of data arising from repeated VAS measures. Conclusions: VAS work correlates with other outcomes (VAS global, nose, eye and asthma) but less well with a symptom-medication score. VAS work should be considered as a potentially useful AR outcome in intervention studies.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: asthma; MASK; rhiniti; score; visual analogue scale
    Lizenz:

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  22. The NANOG transcription factor induces type 2 deiodinase expression and regulates the intracellular activation of thyroid hormone in keratinocyte carcinomas
    Autor*in: Nappi A.; Di Cicco E.; Miro C.; Cicatiello A. G.; Sagliocchi S.; Mancino G.; Ambrosio R.; Luongo C.; Di Girolamo D.; De Stefano M. A.; Porcelli T.; Stornaiuolo M.; Dentice M.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Type 2 deiodinase (D2), the principal activator of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in target tissues, is expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) during late tumorigenesis, and its repression attenuates the invasiveness and metastatic... mehr

     

    Type 2 deiodinase (D2), the principal activator of thyroid hormone (TH) signaling in target tissues, is expressed in cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) during late tumorigenesis, and its repression attenuates the invasiveness and metastatic spread of SCC. Although D2 plays multiple roles in cancer progression, nothing is known about the mechanisms regulating D2 in cancer. To address this issue, we investigated putative upstream regulators of D2 in keratinocyte carcinomas. We found that the expression of D2 in SCC cells is positively regulated by the NANOG transcription factor, whose expression, besides being causally linked to embryonic stemness, is associated with many human cancers. We also found that NANOG binds to the D2 promoter and enhances D2 transcription. Notably, blockage of D2 activity reduced NANOG-induced cell migration as well as the expression of key genes involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition in SCC cells. In conclusion, our study reveals a link among endogenous endocrine regulators of cancer, thyroid hormone and its activating enzyme, and the NANOG regulator of cancer biology. These findings could provide the basis for the development of TH inhibitors as context-dependent anti-tumor agents.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Deiodinase; Skin cancer; Thyroid hormone
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    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  23. Bovine herpesvirus-1 infection in mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2A) cells
    Autor*in: Fiorito F.; Nocera F. P.; Cantiello A.; Iovane V.; Lambiase S.; Piccolo M.; Ferraro M. G.; Santamaria R.; De Martino L.
    Erschienen: 2020

    Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is an important cattle pathogen, that may cause rhinotracheitis, abortions and shipping fever. Virus establishes latency in sensory neurons, but periodically could reactivate. Recent studies identified mouse... mehr

     

    Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is an important cattle pathogen, that may cause rhinotracheitis, abortions and shipping fever. Virus establishes latency in sensory neurons, but periodically could reactivate. Recent studies identified mouse neuroblastoma (Neuro-2A) cells as a novel cell culture model to study factors that regulate BoHV-1 productive infection in neuronal cells. Herein, following BoHV-1 infection in Neuro-2A, a reduced cell viability occurred. Membrane damage and death morphological alterations, features of apoptosis and necrosis, were distinguished in infected cells. In addition, biochemical signs of apoptosis (caspase 3 activation and PARP cleavage) were observed. These results were accompanied by incomplete autophagy due to enhanced amounts of autophagic markers (LC3-II, ATG5 and Beclin 1), in the presence of increased levels of p62. Interestingly, protein expression of viral infected cell protein 0 (bICP0) was detected in Neuro-2A cells, although BoHV-1 inefficiently replicates in these cells, because just low levels of viral yield were found. Taken together, our results suggest that BoHV-1 may exert its potential neurotoxicity through a combined mechanism of necrosis and apoptosis. Moreover, incomplete autophagy occurred during BoHV-1 replication in Neuro-2A cells, which were favourable for viral persistence.

     
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    Format: Online
  24. Role of autophagy in cancer cell response to nucleolar and endoplasmic reticulum stress
    Autor*in: Pecoraro Annalisa; Pagano Martina; Russo Giulia; Russo Annapina
    Erschienen: 2020

    Eukaryotic cells are exposed to many internal and external stimuli that affect their fate. In particular, the exposure to some of these stimuli induces stress triggering a variety of stress responses aimed to re-establish cellular homeostasis. It is... mehr

     

    Eukaryotic cells are exposed to many internal and external stimuli that affect their fate. In particular, the exposure to some of these stimuli induces stress triggering a variety of stress responses aimed to re-establish cellular homeostasis. It is now established that the deregulation of stress response pathways plays a central role in cancer initiation and progression, allowing the adaptation of cells to an altered state in the new environment. Autophagy is a tightly regulated pathway which exerts “housekeeping” role in physiological processes. Recently, a growing amount of evidence highlighted the crucial role of autophagy in the regulation of integrated stress responses, including nucleolar and endoplasmic reticulum. In this review, we attempt to afford an overview of the complex role of nucleolar and endoplasmic reticulum stress-response mechanisms in the regulation of autophagy in cancer and cancer treatment.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Schlagworte: Autophagy; Endoplasmic reticulum stress; Nucleolar stress; Ribosomal proteins
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    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  25. Linear wormlike micelles behave similarly to entangled linear polymers in fast shear flows
    Autor*in: Gaudino D.; Costanzo S.; Ianniruberto G.; Grizzuti N.; Pasquino R.
    Erschienen: 2020

    We report shear startup data on solutions of entangled linear wormlike micelles, only differing in the concentration of a binding aromatic salt. Wormlike micelles behave similarly to ordinary polymers in fast shear flows, exhibiting pronounced... mehr

     

    We report shear startup data on solutions of entangled linear wormlike micelles, only differing in the concentration of a binding aromatic salt. Wormlike micelles behave similarly to ordinary polymers in fast shear flows, exhibiting pronounced overshoots as well as tiny undershoots in transient shear viscosity, before approaching the steady state. The analogy is here emphasized by successfully comparing data with predictions of a constitutive equation recently adopted for ordinary entangled polymers. In the fast shear flow, entangled linear wormlike micelles appear to align, stretch, and tumble just like polymeric chains.

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online