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  1. The Relationship Between Economic Preferences and Psychological Personality Measures
    Beteiligt: Becker, Anke (Mitwirkender); Deckers, Thomas (Mitwirkender); Dohmen, Thomas (Mitwirkender); Falk, Armin (Mitwirkender); Kosse, Fabian (Mitwirkender)
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH, Bonn

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    Beteiligt: Becker, Anke (Mitwirkender); Deckers, Thomas (Mitwirkender); Dohmen, Thomas (Mitwirkender); Falk, Armin (Mitwirkender); Kosse, Fabian (Mitwirkender)
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    RVK Klassifikation: QB 910
    Schriftenreihe: IZA Discussion Paper ; 6470
    Schlagworte: Präferenzfunktion; Präferenzordnung; Wahlhandlungstheorie; Persönlichkeitspsychologie; Risikoverhalten; Zeitpräferenz; Experiment
    Weitere Schlagworte: (stw)Präferenztheorie; (stw)Persönlichkeitspsychologie; (stw)Risikopräferenz; (stw)Intertemporale Entscheidung; (stw)Experiment; Als Aufsatz endgültig erschienen; Übersichtsarbeit; Graue Literatur; Buch; Online-Publikation
    Umfang: Online-Ressource
  2. Appropriating the commons
    a theoretical explanation
    Autor*in: Falk, Armin; Fehr, Ernst; Fischbacher, Urs
    Erschienen: 2001
    Verlag:  Univ., Center for Economic Studies, Munich

    In this paper we show that a simple model of fairness preferences explains major experimental regularities of common pool resource (CPR) experiments. The evidence indicates that in standard CPR games without communication and without sanctioning... mehr

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    In this paper we show that a simple model of fairness preferences explains major experimental regularities of common pool resource (CPR) experiments. The evidence indicates that in standard CPR games without communication and without sanctioning possibilities inefficient excess appropriation is the rule. However, when communication or informal sanctions are available appropriation behavior is more efficient. Our analysis shows that these regularities arise naturally when a fraction of the subjects exhibits reciprocal preferences.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Druck
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper series ; 474
    Schlagworte: Gemeingüter; Spieltheorie; Gerechtigkeit; Experiment; Kommunikation; Theorie
    Umfang: 58 S, graph. Darst
    Bemerkung(en):

    Literaturverz. S. 42 - 48

    Internetausg.: ftp://129.187.96.124/CESifo_WP/474.pdf
  3. The origins of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations
    causal evidence from a mentoring intervention
    Autor*in: Boneva, Teodora; Buser, Thomas; Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced... mehr

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    We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced among adolescents with low socioeconomic status (SES). We further document that there is a positive association between the competitiveness of mothers and their daughters, but not between the competitiveness of mothers and their sons. Second, we show that a randomized mentoring intervention that exposes low-SES children to predominantly female role models causally affects girls' willingness to compete and narrows both the gender gap in competitiveness as well as the gender gap in earnings expectations. Together, the results highlight the importance of the social environment in shaping willingness to compete and earnings expectations at a young age.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/248777
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2021, 093
    Schlagworte: competitiveness; gender; socioeconomic status; inequality; earnings expectations
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. The origins of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations: causal evidence from a mentoring intervention
    Autor*in: Boneva, Teodora; Buser, Thomas; Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced... mehr

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    We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced among adolescents with low socioeconomic status (SES). We further document that there is a positive association between the competitiveness of mothers and their daughters, but not between the competitiveness of mothers and their sons. Second, we show that a randomized mentoring intervention that exposes low-SES children to predominantly female role models causally affects girls' willingness to compete and narrows both the gender gap in competitiveness as well as the gender gap in earnings expectations. Together, the results highlight the importance of the social environment in shaping willingness to compete and earnings expectations at a young age.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250461
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14800
    Schlagworte: competitiveness; gender; socioeconomic status; inequality; earnings expectations
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Behavioral constraints on the design of subgame-perfect implementation mechanisms
    Autor*in: Fehr, Ernst; Powell, Michael; Wilkening, Tom
    Erschienen: November 2020
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    We study subgame-perfect implementation (SPI) mechanisms that have been proposed as a solution to incomplete contracting problems. We show that these mechanisms - which are based on off-equilibrium arbitration clauses that impose large fines for... mehr

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    We study subgame-perfect implementation (SPI) mechanisms that have been proposed as a solution to incomplete contracting problems. We show that these mechanisms - which are based on off-equilibrium arbitration clauses that impose large fines for lying and the inappropriate use of arbitration - have severe behavioral constraints because the fines induce retaliation against legitimate uses of arbitration. Incorporating reciprocity preferences into the theory explains the observed behavioral patterns and helps us develop a new mechanism that is more robust and achieves high rates of truth-telling and efficiency. Our results highlight the importance of tailoring implementation mechanisms to the underlying behavioral environment.

     
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    hdl: 10419/227459
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised version
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 171
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Mentoring and schooling decisions: causal evidence
    Autor*in: Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian; Pinger, Pia
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Köln

    Inequality of opportunity strikes when two children with the same academic performance are sent to different quality schools because their parents differ in socio-economic status. Based on a novel dataset for Germany, we demonstrate that children are... mehr

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    Inequality of opportunity strikes when two children with the same academic performance are sent to different quality schools because their parents differ in socio-economic status. Based on a novel dataset for Germany, we demonstrate that children are significantly less likely to enter the academic track if they come from low socio-economic status (SES) families,even after conditioning on prior measures of school performance. We then provide causal evidence that a low-intensity mentoring program can improve long-run education outcomes of low SES children and reduce inequality of opportunity. Low SES children, who were randomly assigned to a mentor for one year are 20 percent more likely to enter a high track program. The mentoring relationship affects both parents and children and has positive long-term implications for children's educational trajectories.

     
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    hdl: 10419/222334
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 008 (June 2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Does market interaction erode moral values?
    Autor*in: Bartling, Björn; Fehr, Ernst; Özdemir, Yagiz
    Erschienen: September 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The widespread use of markets leads to unprecedented material well-being in many societies. We study whether market interaction, as a side effect, erodes moral values. An encompassing understanding of the virtues and vices of markets, including their... mehr

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    The widespread use of markets leads to unprecedented material well-being in many societies. We study whether market interaction, as a side effect, erodes moral values. An encompassing understanding of the virtues and vices of markets, including their possible impact on moral values, is necessary to make informed decisions on the spheres in society where the allocation and incentive functions of markets should exercise their power, and where this may not be desirable. In a seminal and highly influential paper, Falk and Szech (2013) provide experimental data that seem to suggest that "market interaction erodes moral values." Although we replicate their main treatment effect, we show that additional treatments are necessary to corroborate their conclusion. These treatments, however, reveal that repeated play and not market interaction causes the erosion of moral values. Our paper thus shows that neither Falk and Szech's data nor our data support the claim that market interaction erodes moral values.

     
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    hdl: 10419/226248
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8546 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Does market interaction erode moral values?
    Autor*in: Bartling, Björn; Fehr, Ernst; Özdemir, Yagiz
    Erschienen: August 2020
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    The widespread use of markets leads to unprecedented material well-being in many societies. We study whether market interaction, as a side effect, erodes moral values. An encompassing understanding of the virtues and vices of markets, including their... mehr

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    DS 191
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    The widespread use of markets leads to unprecedented material well-being in many societies. We study whether market interaction, as a side effect, erodes moral values. An encompassing understanding of the virtues and vices of markets, including their possible impact on moral values, is necessary to make informed decisions on the spheres in society where the allocation and incentive functions of markets should exercise their power, and where this may not be desirable. In a seminal and highly influential paper, Falk and Szech (2013) provide experimental data that seem to suggest that "market interaction erodes moral values." Although we replicate their main treatment effect, we show that additional treatments are necessary to corroborate their conclusion. These treatments, however, reveal that repeated play and not market interaction causes the erosion of moral values. Our paper thus shows that neither Falk and Szech's data nor our data support the claim that market interaction erodes moral values.

     
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    hdl: 10419/224203
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 360
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The impact of working memory training on children's cognitive and noncognitive skills
    Autor*in: Berger, Eva M.; Fehr, Ernst; Hermes, Henning; Schunk, Daniel; Winkel, Kirsten
    Erschienen: June 2020
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    Working memory capacity is thought to play an important role for a wide range of cognitive and noncognitive skills such as fluid intelligence, math, reading, the inhibition of pre-potent impulses or more general self-regulation abilities. Because... mehr

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    Working memory capacity is thought to play an important role for a wide range of cognitive and noncognitive skills such as fluid intelligence, math, reading, the inhibition of pre-potent impulses or more general self-regulation abilities. Because these abilities substantially affect individuals' life trajectories in terms of health, education, and earnings, the question of whether working memory (WM) training can improve them is of considerable importance. However, whether WM training leads to improvements in these far-transfer skills is contested. Here, we examine the causal impact of WM training embedded in regular school teaching by a randomized educational intervention involving a sample of 6-7 years old first graders. We find substantial immediate and lasting gains in working memory capacity. In addition, we document relatively large positive effects on geometry skills, reading skills, Raven's fluid IQ measure, the ability to inhibit pre-potent impulses and self-regulation abilities. Moreover, these far-transfer effects emerge over time and only become fully visible after 12-13 months. Finally, we document that 3-4 years after the intervention, the children who received training have a roughly 16 percentage points higher probability of entering the academic track in secondary school.

     
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    hdl: 10419/222352
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 347
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Time discounting and wealth inequality
    Autor*in: Epper, Thomas; Fehr, Ernst; Fehr-Duda, Helga; Kreiner, Claus Thustrup; Dreyer Lassen, David; Leth-Petersen, Søren; Rasmussen, Gregers Nytoft
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  CEBI, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

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    hdl: 10419/258908
    Schriftenreihe: CEBI working paper series ; 19, 08
    Schlagworte: Wealth inequality; savings behavior; time discounting; experimental methods; administrative data
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Obfuscation in competitive markets
    Autor*in: Fehr, Ernst; Wu, Keyu
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    In many markets, firms make their products complex through add-ons, thus making them difficult to evaluate and compare. How does this product obfuscation affect competition, sellers’ profits, and buyers’ welfare? We study these questions in a... mehr

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    In many markets, firms make their products complex through add-ons, thus making them difficult to evaluate and compare. How does this product obfuscation affect competition, sellers’ profits, and buyers’ welfare? We study these questions in a competitive experimental market in which sellers have the opportunity to obfuscate by add-on features, and buyers endogenously decide how much time to spend on searching for the best product. We show that stable obfuscation levels emerge that reduce buyers’ welfare by ensuring that total prices are substantially above marginal cost and by inducing buyers to make mistakes and to waste their time searching. Competition operates through lowering salient headline prices, but sellers are able to appropriate a considerable share of the surplus with expensive add-on features. In contrast, prices quickly converge to marginal cost if we remove obfuscation opportunities. We thus provide direct causal evidence that obfuscation mitigates competition and generates positive profits because buyers typically search only a small share of the product space. Our results also suggest that purely exploitative obfuscation tends to be much less stable than obfuscation by surplus-enhancing add-on features because buyers’ aversion to complicated products may have a non-negligible impact on sellers’ obfuscation decisions.

     
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    hdl: 10419/235604
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 391
    Schlagworte: Produktgestaltung; Produktdifferenzierung; Preismanagement; Wohlfahrtsanalyse; Theorie
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The complementary nature of trust and contract enforcement
    Autor*in: Bartling, Björn; Fehr, Ernst; Huffman, David; Netzer, Nick
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties' trust, defined as their belief in other's trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other's trustworthiness... mehr

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    Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties' trust, defined as their belief in other's trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other's trustworthiness appear less important, suggesting that trust and contract enforcement are substitutes. Here we show, however, that trust and contract enforcement are complements. We demonstrate that under weak contract enforcement trust has no effect on gains from trade, but when we successively improve contract enforcement, larger effects of trust emerge. Likewise, improvements in contract enforcement generate no increases in gains from trade under low initial trust, but cause high increases when initial trust is high. Thus, the effect of improvements in contract enforcement is trust-dependent, and the effect of increases in trust is dependent on the strength of contract enforcement. We identify three key ingredients underlying this complementarity: (1) heterogeneity in trustworthiness; (2) strength of contract enforcement affecting the ability to elicit reciprocal behavior from trustworthy types, and screen out untrustworthy types; (3) trust beliefs determining willingness to try such strategies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/232423
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8826 (2021)
    Schlagworte: trust; contract enforcement; complementarity; equilibrium selection; causal effect; screening; belief distortions; institutions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The complementary nature of trust and contract enforcement
    Autor*in: Bartling, Björn; Fehr, Ernst; Huffman, David; Netzer, Nick
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties' trust, defined as their belief in other's trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other's trustworthiness... mehr

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    DS 191
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    keine Fernleihe

     

    Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties' trust, defined as their belief in other's trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other's trustworthiness appear less important, suggesting that trust and contract enforcement are substitutes. Here we show, however, that trust and contract enforcement are complements. We demonstrate that under weak contract enforcement trust has no effect on gains from trade, but when we successively improve contract enforcement, larger effects of trust emerge. Likewise, improvements in contract enforcement generate no increases in gains from trade under low initial trust, but cause high increases when initial trust is high. Thus, the effect of improvements in contract enforcement is trust-dependent, and the effect of increases in trust is dependent on the strength of contract enforcement. We identify three key ingredients underlying this complementarity: (1) heterogeneity in trustworthiness; (2) strength of contract enforcement affecting the ability to elicit reciprocal behavior from trustworthy types, and screen out untrustworthy types; (3) trust beliefs determining willingness to try such strategies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/228879
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 377
    Schlagworte: Trust; contract enforcement; complementarity; equilibrium selection; causal effect; screening; belief distortions; institutions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Does market interaction erode moral values?
    Autor*in: Bartling, Björn; Fehr, Ernst; Özdemir, Yagiz
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    The widespread use of markets leads to unprecedented material well-being in many societies. We study whether market interaction, as a side effect, erodes moral values. In an influential paper, Falk and Szech (2013) provide experimental data that seem... mehr

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    DS 191
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    The widespread use of markets leads to unprecedented material well-being in many societies. We study whether market interaction, as a side effect, erodes moral values. In an influential paper, Falk and Szech (2013) provide experimental data that seem to suggest that "market interaction erodes moral values." Although we replicate their main treatment effect, we show that additional treatments are necessary to corroborate their conclusion. These treatments reveal that playing repeatedly, and not market interaction, causes the erosion of moral values. Our paper thus shows that neither Falk and Szech's data nor our data support the claim that markets erode morals.

     
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    hdl: 10419/228880
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised version
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 360
    Schlagworte: Market interaction; moral values
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Malleability of preferences for honesty
    Autor*in: Abeler, Johannes; Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian
    Erschienen: April 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences... mehr

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    Reporting private information is a key part of economic decision making. A recent literature has found that many people have a preference for honest reporting, contrary to usual economic assumptions. In this paper, we investigate whether preferences for honesty are malleable and what determines them. We experimentally measure preferences for honesty in a sample of children. As our main result, we provide causal evidence on the effect of the social environment by randomly enrolling children in a year-long mentoring programme. We find that, about four years after the end of the programme, mentored children are significantly more honest.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/235403
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9033 (2021)
    Schlagworte: honesty; lying; truth-telling; formation of preferences; experiments with children
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. The complementarity between trust and contract enforcement
    Autor*in: Bartling, Björn; Fehr, Ernst; Huffman, David; Netzer, Nick
    Erschienen: April 2021
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties’ trust, defined as their belief in other’s trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other’s trustworthiness... mehr

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    Under weak contract enforcement the trading parties’ trust, defined as their belief in other’s trustworthiness, appears important for realizing gains from trade. In contrast, under strong contract enforcement beliefs about other’s trustworthiness appear less important, suggesting that trust and contract enforcement are substitutes. Here we show, however, that trust and contract enforcement can be complements, and identify the key mechanisms that drives this complementarity. We demonstrate that under weak contract enforcement trust has no effect on gains from trade, but when we successively improve contract enforcement, larger effects of trust emerge. Likewise, improvements in contract enforcement lead to no increases in gains from trade under low initial trust, but generate high increases in gains from trade when initial trust is high. We identify three key mechanisms: (1) heterogeneity in trustworthiness; (2) strength of contract enforcement affecting the ability to elicit reciprocal behavior from trustworthy types, and screen out untrustworthy types; (3) trust beliefs determining willingness to try such strategies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/234028
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised version
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 377
    Schlagworte: Trust; contract enforcement; complementarity; equilibrium selection; causal effect; screening; belief distortions; institutions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. The impact of working memory training on children’s cognitive and noncognitive skills
    Autor*in: Berger, Eva M.; Fehr, Ernst; Hermes, Henning; Schunk, Daniel; Winkel, Kirsten
    Erschienen: June 2020
    Verlag:  Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen

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    hdl: 11250/2657279
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Department of Economics ; SAM 2020, 09
    Schlagworte: Schüler; Grundschule; Unterricht; Qualifikation; Deutschland
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 81 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The formation of prosociality
    causal evidence on the role of social environment
    Autor*in: Kosse, Fabian; Deckers, Thomas; Pinger, Pia; Schildberg-Hörisch, Hannah; Falk, Armin
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, Munich, Germany

    This study presents descriptive and causal evidence on the role of social environment for the formation of prosociality. In a first step, we show that socioeconomic status (SES) as well as the intensity of mother-child interaction and mothers'... mehr

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    This study presents descriptive and causal evidence on the role of social environment for the formation of prosociality. In a first step, we show that socioeconomic status (SES) as well as the intensity of mother-child interaction and mothers' prosocial attitudes are systematically related to elementary school children's prosociality. In a second step, we present evidence on a randomlyassigned variation of the social environment, providing children with a mentor for the duration of one year. Our data include a two-year follow-up and reveal a significant and persistent increase in prosociality in the treatment relative to the control group. Moreover, enriching the social environment bears the potential to close the observed gap in prosociality between low and high SES children. A mediation analysis of the observed treatment effect suggests that prosociality develops in response to stimuli in the form of prosocial role models and intense social interactions.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/208067
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 167 (July 30, 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Socio-economic status and inequalities in children's IQ and economic preferences
    Autor*in: Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian; Pinger, Pia; Schildberg-Hörisch, Hannah; Deckers, Thomas
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, Munich, Germany

    This paper explores inequalities in IQ and economic preferences between children from high and low socio-economic status (SES) families. We document that children from high SES families are more intelligent, patient and altruistic, as well as less... mehr

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    This paper explores inequalities in IQ and economic preferences between children from high and low socio-economic status (SES) families. We document that children from high SES families are more intelligent, patient and altruistic, as well as less risk-seeking. To understand the underlying causes and mechanisms, we propose a framework of how parental investments as well as maternal IQ and economic preferences influence a child's IQ and preferences. Within this framework, we allow SES to influence both the level of parental time and parenting style investments, as well as the productivity of the investment process. Our results indicate that disparities in the level of parental investments hold substantial importance for SES gaps in economic preferences and, to a lesser extent, IQ. In light of the importance of IQ and preferences for behaviors and outcomes, our findings offer an explanation for social immobility

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/208066
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 166 (July 26, 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Other-regarding preferences and redistributive politics
    Autor*in: Fehr, Ernst; Epper, Thomas; Senn, Julien
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Increasing inequality and associated egalitarian sentiments have again put redistribution on the political agenda. Other-regarding preferences may also affect support for redistribution, but knowledge about their distribution in the broader... mehr

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    Increasing inequality and associated egalitarian sentiments have again put redistribution on the political agenda. Other-regarding preferences may also affect support for redistribution, but knowledge about their distribution in the broader population and how they are associated with political support for redistributive policies is still scarce. In this paper, we take advantage of Swiss direct democracy, where people voted several times on strongly redistributive policies in national plebiscites, to study the link between other-regarding preferences and support for redistribution in a broad sample of the Swiss population. We document that inequality aversion and altruistic concerns play a quantitatively large positive role in the support for redistribution, in particular for more affluent individuals. In addition, previously identified key motives underlying opposition to redistribution - such as the belief that effort is an important driver of individual success - play no role for selfish individuals but are highly relevant for altruistic and egalitarian individuals. Finally, while inequality averse individuals display strong support for policies that primarily aim at reducing the incomes of the rich, altruistic individuals are considerably less supportive of such policies. Thus, knowledge about the fundamental properties and the distribution of individuals' other-regarding preferences also provides a deeper understanding about who is likely to support specific redistributive policies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252212
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15088
    Schlagworte: social preferences; altruism; inequality aversion; preference heterogeneity; demand for redistribution
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 87 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. The origins of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations
    causal evidence from a mentoring intervention
    Autor*in: Boneva, Teodora; Buser, Thomas; Falk, Armin; Kosse, Fabian
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced... mehr

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    We present evidence on the role of the social environment for the development of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations. First, we document that the gender gap in competitiveness and earnings expectations is more pronounced among adolescents with low socioeconomic status (SES). We further document that there is a positive association between the competitiveness of mothers and their daughters, but not between the competitiveness of mothers and their sons. Second, we show that a randomized mentoring intervention that exposes low-SES children to predominantly female role models causally affects girls' willingness to compete and narrows both the gender gap in competitiveness as well as the gender gap in earnings expectations. Together, the results highlight the importance of the social environment in shaping willingness to compete and earnings expectations at a young age.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252026
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9509 (2022)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Subjective beliefs and inclusion policies
    evidence from college admissions
    Autor*in: Tincani, Michela M.; Kosse, Fabian; Miglino, Enrico
    Erschienen: 04 April 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17177
    Schlagworte: preferential college admissions; experimental policy evaluation; Subjective beliefs; dynamic choice model; tournament model
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Other-regarding preferences and redistributive politics
    Autor*in: Fehr, Ernst; Epper, Thomas; Senn, Julien
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Increasing inequality and associated egalitarian sentiments have again put redistribution on the political agenda. Other-regarding preferences may also affect support for redistribution, but knowledge about their distribution in the broader... mehr

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    Increasing inequality and associated egalitarian sentiments have again put redistribution on the political agenda. Other-regarding preferences may also affect support for redistribution, but knowledge about their distribution in the broader population and how they are associated with political support for redistributive policies is still scarce. In this paper, we take advantage of Swiss direct democracy, where people voted several times on strongly redistributive policies in national plebiscites, to study the link between other-regarding preferences and support for redistribution in a broad sample of the Swiss population. We document that inequality aversion and altruistic concerns play a quantitatively large positive role in the support for redistribution, in particular for more affluent individuals. In addition, previously identified key motives underlying opposition to redistribution – such as the belief that effort is an important driver of individual success – play no role for selfish individuals but are highly relevant for altruistic and egalitarian individuals. Finally, while inequality averse individuals display strong support for policies that primarily aim at reducing the incomes of the rich, altruistic individuals are considerably less supportive of such policies. Thus, knowledge about the fundamental properties and the distribution of individuals’ other-regarding preferences also provides a deeper understanding about who is likely to support specific redistributive policies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252062
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9545 (2022)
    Schlagworte: social preferences; altruism; inequality aversion; preference heterogeneity; demand for redistribution
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 87 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. The origins of gender differences in competitiveness and earnings expectations: Causal evidence from a mentoring intervention
    Autor*in: Falk, Armin; Boneva, Teodora; Buserv, Thomas; Kosse, Fabian
    Erschienen: 04 February 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17008
    Schlagworte: competitiveness; gender; socioeconomic status; Inequality; earnings expectations
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Other-regarding preferences and redistributive politics
    Autor*in: Fehr, Ernst; Epper, Thomas; Sennt, Julien
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    Increasing inequality and associated egalitarian sentiments have again put redistribution on the political agenda. Other-regarding preferences may also affect support for redistribution, but knowledge about their distribution in the broader... mehr

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    Increasing inequality and associated egalitarian sentiments have again put redistribution on the political agenda. Other-regarding preferences may also affect support for redistribution, but knowledge about their distribution in the broader population and how they are associated with political support for redistributive policies is still scarce. In this paper, we take advantage of Swiss direct democracy, where people voted several times on strongly redistributive policies in national plebiscites, to study the link between other-regarding preferences and support for redistribution in a broad sample of the Swiss population. We document that inequality aversion and altruistic concerns play a quantitatively large positive role in the support for redistribution, in particular for more affluent individuals. In addition, previously identified key motives underlying opposition to redistribution - such as the belief that effort is an important driver of individual success - play no role for selfish individuals but are highly relevant for altruistic and egalitarian individuals. Finally, while inequality averse individuals display strong support for policies that primarily aim at reducing the incomes of the rich, altruistic individuals are considerably less supportive of such policies. Thus, knowledge about the fundamental properties and the distribution of individuals' other-regarding preferences also provides a deeper understanding about who is likely to support specific redistributive policies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/251435
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised version, December 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 339
    Schlagworte: Social preferences; altruism; inequality aversion; preference heterogeneity; demand for redistribution; Altruismus; Soziale Ungleichheit; Aversion; Politisches Verhalten; Schweiz
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten), Illustrationen