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  1. Capital-skill complementarity and the emergence of labor emancipation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Cinnirella, Francesco; Galor, Oded; Gershman, Boris; Hornung, Erik
    Erschienen: 27 March 2018
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP 12822
    Schlagworte: Zwangsarbeit; Industrialisierung; Arbeiter
    Umfang: 92 Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  2. Human genetic diversity and comparative economic development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded; Trigari, Antonella
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 6824
    Schlagworte: Gesellschaft; Artenvielfalt; Bevölkerungstheorie; Wirtschaftswachstum; Entwicklung; Produktivität; Bevölkerungsdichte; Anthropologie
    Umfang: 54 S., graph. Darst.
  3. Cultural assimilation, cultural diffusion and the origin of the wealth of nations
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2007
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    RVK Klassifikation: QB 910
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 6444
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftswachstum; Entwicklung; Internationale Migration; Interkulturelle Beziehungen; Sozialer Wandel; Soziale Integration; Humankapital; Wirtschaftskultur; Wirtschaftsgeschichte; Welt; Alien labor; Immigrants; Economic development
    Umfang: 50 S., graph. Darst.
  4. Dynamics and stagnation in the Malthusian epoch
    theory and evidence
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 7057
    Schlagworte: Bevölkerungsentwicklung; Nationaleinkommen; Einkommen; Produktivität; Fertilität; Bevölkerungstheorie; Welt
    Weitere Schlagworte: Malthus, Thomas Robert (1766-1834); Malthusianism; Array
    Umfang: 55 S., graph. Darst.
  5. Isolation and development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded; Özak, Ömer
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Brown Univ., Dep. of Economics, Providence, RI

    This paper exploits cross-country variation in the degree of geographical isolation, prior to the advent of sea-faring and airborne transportation technologies, to examine its impact on the course of economic development across the globe. The... mehr

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    This paper exploits cross-country variation in the degree of geographical isolation, prior to the advent of sea-faring and airborne transportation technologies, to examine its impact on the course of economic development across the globe. The empirical investigation establishes that prehistoric geographical isolation has generated a persistent beneficial effect on the process of development and contributed to the contemporary variation in the standard of living across countries. -- Growth ; Development ; Isolation ; Agglomeration ; Globalization

     
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/62672
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Brown University, Department of Economics ; 2009,09
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftsgeographie; Internationale Zusammenarbeit; Entwicklung; Wirtschaftsgeschichte; Vorgeschichte; Welt
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (12 S.), graph. Darst.
  6. How inflation affects macroeconomic performance
    an agent-based computational investigation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Gershman, Boris; Howitt, Peter
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  Williams College Economics Dep., Williamstown, Mass.

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: Rev.
    Schriftenreihe: Williams College Economics Department working paper series ; 2012,06
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (27 S.), graph. Darst.
  7. Genetic diversity and the origins of cultural fragmentation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2013

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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; 18738
    Schlagworte: Ethnische Gruppe; Sprache; Sozialer Wandel; Schätzung; Welt
    Umfang: 16 S., graph. Darst.
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    Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
  8. Climatic fluctuations and the diffusion of agriculture
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Michalopulos, Stelios
    Erschienen: 2013

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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; 18765
    Schlagworte: Agrargeschichte; Klima; Schock; Agrargesellschaft; Innovationsdiffusion; Theorie; Welt
    Umfang: 37 S., graph. Darst., Kt.
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    Parallel als Online-Ausg. erschienen
  9. Genetic diversity and the origins of cultural fragmentation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 9306
    Schlagworte: Ethnische Gruppe; Sprache; Sozialer Wandel; Schätzung; Welt
    Umfang: 16 S.
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  10. Cultural diversity, geographical isolation, and the origin of the wealth of nations
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass.

    "This research argues that variations in the interplay between cultural assimilation and cultural diffusion have played a significant role in giving rise to differential patterns of economic development across the globe. Societies that were... mehr

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    "This research argues that variations in the interplay between cultural assimilation and cultural diffusion have played a significant role in giving rise to differential patterns of economic development across the globe. Societies that were geographically less vulnerable to cultural diffusion benefited from enhanced assimilation, lower cultural diversity, and more intense accumulation of society-specific human capital. Thus, they operated more efficiently with respect to their production-possibility frontiers and flourished in the technological paradigm that characterized the agricultural stage of development. The lack of cultural diffusion and its manifestation in cultural rigidity, however, diminished the ability of these societies to adapt to a new technological paradigm, which delayed their industrialization and, hence, their take-off to a state of sustained economic growth. The theory thus contributes to the understanding of the advent of divergence and overtaking in the process of development. Consistently with the theory, the empirical analysis establishes that (i) geographical isolation prevalent in pre-industrial times (i.e., prior to the advent of airborne transportation technology) has had a persistent negative impact on the extent of contemporary cultural diversity; (ii) pre-industrial geographical isolation had a positive impact on economic development in the agricultural stage but has had a negative impact on income per capita in the course of industrialization; and (iii) cultural diversity, as determined exogenously by pre-industrial geographical isolation, has had a positive impact on economic development in the process of industrialization"--National Bureau of Economic Research web site

     
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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; 17640
    Schlagworte: Gesellschaft; Kulturelle Identität; Soziale Beziehungen; Pluralismus; Geographie; Landwirtschaft; Industrialisierung; Entwicklung; Wirtschaftssoziologie; Sozialgeschichte
    Umfang: 91 S., graph. Darst.
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  11. Banks, market organization and macroeconomic performance
    an agent-based computational analysis
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Gershman, Boris; Howitt, Peter
    Erschienen: 2011

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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; 17102
    Schlagworte: Finanzmarkt; Bank; Bankgeschäft; Wirkungsanalyse; Theorie
    Umfang: 55 S., graph. Darst.
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  12. The "Out of Africa" hypothesis, human genetic diversity, and comparative economic development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2011

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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; 17216
    Schlagworte: Anthropologie; Menschen; Mobilität; Geographie; Entwicklung; Vergleich; Bevölkerung; Welt
    Umfang: 42, LIII S., graph. Darst.
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  13. The 'Out of Africa' hypothesis, human genetic diversity, and comparative economic development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 8500
    Schlagworte: Anthropologie; Menschen; Mobilität; Geographie; Entwicklung; Vergleich; Bevölkerung; Welt
    Umfang: 42, LIII S., graph. Darst.
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  14. The climatic origins of the Neolithic Revolution
    theory and evidence
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Michalopulos, Stelios
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Dep. of Economics, Tufts Univ., Medford, Mass.

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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Economics Department working papers / Tufts University ; 2010,7
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (65 S.), graph. Darst.
  15. Genetic diversity and the origins of cultural fragmentation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  CAGE, Coventry

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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: CAGE online working paper series ; 125
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (16 S.), graph. Darst.
  16. How inflation affects macroeconomic performance
    an agent-based computational investigation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Gershman, Boris; Howitt, Peter
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Dep. of Economics, Washington, DC

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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Economics, College of Arts & Sciences, American University ; 13,10
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (26 S.), graph. Darst.
  17. The "Out of Africa" hypothesis, human genetic diversity, and comparative economic development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Williams College Economics Dep., Williamstown, Mass.

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    Schriftenreihe: Williams College Economics Department working paper series ; 2013,10
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (LXIV S.), graph. Darst.
  18. How inflation affects macroeconomic performance
    an agent-based computational investigation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Gershman, Boris; Howitt, Peter
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Williams College Economics Dep., Williamstown, Mass.

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    Schriftenreihe: Williams College Economics Department working paper series ; 2013,12
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (26 S.), graph. Darst.
  19. The "Out of Africa" hypothesis, human genetic diversity, and comparative economic development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Brown Univ., Dep. of Economics], [Providence, RI

    This research argues that deep-rooted factors, determined tens of thousands of years ago, had a signifcant effect on the course of economic development from the dawn of human civilization to the contemporary era. It advances and empirically... mehr

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    This research argues that deep-rooted factors, determined tens of thousands of years ago, had a signifcant effect on the course of economic development from the dawn of human civilization to the contemporary era. It advances and empirically establishes the hypothesis that, in the course of the exodus of Homo sapiens out of Africa, variation in migratory distance from the cradle of humankind to various settlements across the globe affected genetic diversity and has had a long-lasting effect on the pattern of comparative economic development that is not captured by geographical, institutional, and cultural factors. In particular, the level of genetic diversity within a society is found to have a hump-shaped effect on development outcomes in both the precolonial and the modern era, reflecting the trade-off between the benefcial and the detrimental effects of diversity on productivity. While the intermediate level of genetic diversity prevalent among Asian and European populations has been conducive for development, the high degree of diversity among African populations and the low degree of diversity among Native American populations have been a detrimental force in the development of these regions. Further, the optimal level of diversity has increased in the process of industrialization, as the benefcial forces associated with greater diversity have intensified in an environment characterized by more rapid technological progress. -- The "Out of Africa" hypothesis ; Human genetic diversity ; Comparative development ; Income per capita ; Population density ; Neolithic Revolution ; Land productivity

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/62634
    Schriftenreihe: [Working paper / Brown University, Department of Economics ; 2010,07]
    Schlagworte: Anthropologie; Menschen; Mobilität; Geographie; Entwicklung; Vergleich; Bevölkerung; Welt
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (71 S.), graph. Darst.
  20. How inflation affects macroeconomic performance
    an agent-based computational investigation
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Gershman, Boris; Howitt, Peter
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  Brown Univ., Dep. of Economics], [Providence, RI

    We use an agent-based computational approach to show how inflation can worsen macroeconomic performance by disrupting the mechanism of exchange in a decentralized market economy. We find that increasing the trend rate of inflation above 3 percent has... mehr

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    We use an agent-based computational approach to show how inflation can worsen macroeconomic performance by disrupting the mechanism of exchange in a decentralized market economy. We find that increasing the trend rate of inflation above 3 percent has a substantial deleterious effect, but lowering it below 3 percent has no significant macroeconomic consequences. Our finding remains qualitatively robust to changes in parameter values and to modifications to our model that partly address the Lucas critique. Finally, we contribute a novel explanation for why cross-country regressions may fail to detect a significant negative effect of trend in ation on output even when such an effect exists in reality. -- Agent-based computational model ; inflation ; price dispersion ; firm turnover

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/62624
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: July 2012
    Schriftenreihe: [Working papers / Brown University, Department of Economics ; 2012-4]
    Schlagworte: Inflation; Wirkungsanalyse; Bruttoinlandsprodukt; Neue klassische Makroökonomik
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 27 S., 695 KB), graph. Darst.
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    First version: October 2007
  21. Banks, market organization, and macroeconomic performance
    an agent-based computational analysis
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Gershman, Boris; Howitt, Peter
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Williams College Economics Dep., Williamstown, Mass.

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    Schriftenreihe: Williams College Economics Department working paper series ; 2011,03
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (55 S.), graph. Darst.
  22. Cultural diversity, geographical isolation, and the origin of the wealth of nations
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  Williams College Economics Dep., Williamstown, Mass.

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    Schriftenreihe: Williams College Economics Department working paper series ; 2011,17
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (91 S.), graph. Darst.
  23. The "Out of Africa" hypothesis, human genetic diversity, and comparative economic development
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    This research argues that deep-rooted factors, determined tens of thousands of years ago, had a significant effect on the course of economic development from the dawn of human civilization to the contemporary era. It advances and empirically... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    This research argues that deep-rooted factors, determined tens of thousands of years ago, had a significant effect on the course of economic development from the dawn of human civilization to the contemporary era. It advances and empirically establishes the hypothesis that in the course of the exodus of Homo sapiens out of Africa, variation in migratory distance from the cradle of humankind to various settlements across the globe affected genetic diversity and has had a direct long-lasting effect on the pattern of comparative economic development that could not be captured by contemporary geographical, institutional, and cultural factors. In particular, the level of genetic diversity within a society is found to have a hump-shaped effect on development outcomes in the pre-colonial era, reflecting the trade-off between the beneficial and the detrimental effects of diversity on productivity. Moreover, the level of genetic diversity in each country today (i.e., genetic diversity and genetic distance among and between its ancestral populations) has a similar non-monotonic effect on the contemporary levels of income per capita. While the intermediate level of genetic diversity prevalent among the Asian and European populations has been conducive for development, the high degree of diversity among African populations and the low degree of diversity among Native American populations have been a detrimental force in the development of these regions. Further, the optimal level of diversity has increased in the process of industrialization, as the beneficial forces associated with greater diversity have intensified in an environment characterized by more rapid technological progress. -- Out of Africa hypothesis ; human genetic diversity ; comparative development ; population density ; Neolithic Revolution ; land productivity ; Malthusian stagnation

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/58432
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 6330
    Schlagworte: Anthropologie; Menschen; Mobilität; Geographie; Entwicklung; Vergleich; Bevölkerung; Welt
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 42, LV S., 2,73 MB), graph. Darst., Kt.
  24. Cultural diversity, geographical isolation, and the origin of the wealth of nations
    Autor*in: Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    This research argues that variations in the interplay between cultural assimilation and cultural diffusion have played a significant role in giving rise to differential patterns of economic development across the globe. Societies that were... mehr

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    This research argues that variations in the interplay between cultural assimilation and cultural diffusion have played a significant role in giving rise to differential patterns of economic development across the globe. Societies that were geographically less vulnerable to cultural diffusion benefited from enhanced assimilation, lower cultural diversity, and more intense accumulation of society-specific human capital. Thus, they operated more efficiently with respect to their production-possibility frontiers and flourished in the technological paradigm that characterized the agricultural stage of development. The lack of cultural diffusion and its manifestation in cultural rigidity, however, diminished the ability of these societies to adapt to a new technological paradigm, which delayed their industrialization and, hence, their take-off to a state of sustained economic growth. The theory thus contributes to the understanding of the advent of divergence and overtaking in the process of development. Consistently with the theory, the empirical analysis establishes that (i) geographical isolation prevalent in pre-industrial times (i.e., prior to the advent of airborne transportation technology) has had a persistent negative impact on the extent of contemporary cultural diversity; (ii) pre-industrial geographical isolation had a positive impact on economic development in the agricultural stage but has had a negative impact on income per capita in the course of industrialization; and (iii) cultural diversity, as determined exogenously by pre-industrial geographical isolation, has had a positive impact on economic development in the process of industrialization. -- cultural assimilation ; cultural diffusion ; cultural diversity ; geographical isolation ; economic development ; agriculture ; industrialization

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/58934
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 6319
    Schlagworte: Gesellschaft; Kulturelle Identität; Soziale Beziehungen; Pluralismus; Geographie; Landwirtschaft; Industrialisierung; Entwicklung; Wirtschaftssoziologie; Sozialgeschichte
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 91 S., 722,86 KB), graph. Darst.
  25. The nature of civil conflict
    Autor*in: Arbath, Cemal Eren; Ashraf, Quamrul; Galor, Oded
    Erschienen: [2013]
    Verlag:  Brown Univ., Dep. of Economics], [Providence, RI

    This research empirically establishes that the emergence, prevalence, and recurrence of civil conflict in the modern era reflect the long shadow of prehistory. Exploiting variations across contemporary national populations, it demonstrates that... mehr

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 171 (2013,15)
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    This research empirically establishes that the emergence, prevalence, and recurrence of civil conflict in the modern era reflect the long shadow of prehistory. Exploiting variations across contemporary national populations, it demonstrates that genetic diversity, as determined pre-dominantly tens of thousands of years ago, has contributed significantly to the frequency, incidence, and onset of both overall and ethnic civil conflicts over the last half century, accounting for a large set of geographical and institutional correlates of civil conflict, as well as measures of economic development. These findings arguably reflect the adverse effect of genetic diversity on interpersonal trust and cooperation, the potential impact of genetic diversity on income inequality, the potential association between genetic diversity and divergence in preferences for public goods and redistributive policies, and the contribution of genetic diversity to the degree of fractionalization and polarization across ethnic and linguistic groups in the population.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/102630
    Schriftenreihe: [Working paper / Brown University, Department of Economics ; 2013-15]
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (68 S.), graph. Darst.