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  1. The phonetic gender score of German first names and pet names : gendered first names versus de-gendered pet names
    Autor*in: Nübling, Damaris
    Erschienen: 04.09.2018

    In German, female and male first names are strictly segregated: there are two big inventories with the only purpose to separate women and men. Unisex names are extremely seldom. If they are chosen, they have to be followed by a sex-specific middle... mehr

     

    In German, female and male first names are strictly segregated: there are two big inventories with the only purpose to separate women and men. Unisex names are extremely seldom. If they are chosen, they have to be followed by a sex-specific middle name (e.g. Kim Uwe, Kim Annette). If we look at the phonological components of first names, i.e. at their sounds, we can state that male and female names became more similar over the last decades. Whereas in the 1950's, typical first names such as Katharina and Rolf diverged considering their phonic inventory considerably, today, many girls are named Leah and Lara and many boys Noah and Luca. These names share nearly the same sounds, they consist of two syllables and are stressed on the first one. If we look behind the scenes, it becomes clear that the officially required onomastic separation of the two sexes is undermined. In this paper, I will present a socalled phonetic gender score for German first names for the first time (see also Schmidt-Jüngst in this volume). It allows for measuring a degree of femaleness and maleness of names. In a second step, it will be asked whether unofficial names such as pet names, which are not obliged to mark sex also tend to be gendered or if they disobey the gender barrier. It will be shown that the most intimate names are not interested in stressing the denoted person's sex. In contrast to first names, pet names tend to be maximally de-gendered.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Teil eines Buches (Kapitel); Teil eines Buches (Kapitel)
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Linguistik (410); Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur (830)
    Schlagworte: Rufname; Geschlechterforschung; Soziolinguistik; Namenkunde; Vorname; Phonologie
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    publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/home/index/help

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  2. From Christel to Christina, from Klaus to Nico : a diachronic study of German first names (1945-2010) and their shift towards the syllable language type
    Autor*in: Nübling, Damaris
    Erschienen: 04.09.2018

    German underwent a typological change from a syllable language in Old High German towards a word language today (Szczepaniak 2007). Proper names followed this development until the last century (cf. Christel, Gertrud, Klaus, Wolfgang). Some of the... mehr

     

    German underwent a typological change from a syllable language in Old High German towards a word language today (Szczepaniak 2007). Proper names followed this development until the last century (cf. Christel, Gertrud, Klaus, Wolfgang). Some of the most popular German first names from 2010, however, such as Mia, Lea, Leon, Noah, show completely different structures compared to common nouns. In sharp contrast to common nouns, first names dispose of CV-structures, full vowels in unstressed syllables and different accent positions. Thus, there must have been a deep-rooted onomastic change. The most frequent baby names of 1945 were still in harmony with the usual word structures. This article shows that the decrease of transgenerational transmission of first names led to a departure fom native phonological structures. The following factors are analyzed: the number of syllables; accent position; and the number of consonant clusters, hiatuses, schwa and unstressed full vowels. It will be demonstrated that the phonological distance between first names (particularly female names) and common nouns has increased over time and that there is an increasing tendency for names to contain syllable language structures. Thus, a typological difference developed between these two nominal classes. The reason behind this change can be found in the individualizing function of proper names and social individualization over time.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Linguistik (410); Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur (830)
    Schlagworte: Vorname; Namengebung; Sprachwandel; Silbe; Phonologie
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  3. Assessing intercultural competence in language teacher education
    Autor*in: Marques-Schäfer, Gabriela; Menezes, Danielle de Almeida; Zyngier, Sonia
    Erschienen: 03.07.2018

    This paper investigates the concept(s) of intercultural competence held by undergraduate students from teacher education courses in English and German languages. To this end, first and fourth year undergraduates of English and German from a federal... mehr

     

    This paper investigates the concept(s) of intercultural competence held by undergraduate students from teacher education courses in English and German languages. To this end, first and fourth year undergraduates of English and German from a federal university in Rio de Janeiro answered two versions of a questionnaire designed to lead students to inductively formulate what they understood as intercultural competence and how they would help their future students develop this competence. Responses were submitted to content analysis and the four groups were compared. Results show that students of English and German who participated in this study hold different perspectives on intercultural competence and one of the reasons for that may be attributed to their educational background O presente artigo investiga o(s) conceito(s) de competência intercultural de alunos de graduação de cursos de formação de professores em inglês e alemão. Nesse sentido, graduandos do primeiro e quarto ano de inglês e alemão de uma universidade federal do Rio de Janeiro responderam a duas versões de um questionário construído de tal forma que permitisse aos alunos formular indutivamente o que eles entendiam como competência intercultural e como eles poderiam auxiliar seus futuros alunos a desenvolver esta competência. As respostas foram submetidas à análise de conteúdo e os quatro grupos foram comparados. Os resultados mostram que os graduandos de inglês e alemão que participaram desta pesquisa apresentam perspectivas diversas sobre competência intercultural. Uma das razões pode ser atribuída à sua formação educacional.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Bildung und Erziehung (370); Literaturen germanischer Sprachen; Deutsche Literatur (830)
    Schlagworte: Interkulturelles Lernen; Lehrerbildung; Brasilien; Student; Spracherwerb; Fremdsprachenlernen; Sprachkompetenz
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    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/de/deed.de

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  4. On the Nature of the Boundary in Comics Memoir : The Case of 'March'
    Autor*in: Chaney, Michael
    Erschienen: 08.06.2018

    This essay on the nature of the boundary of the comics form is an analysis of US Congressman John Lewis’s autobiography March, which recounts his early days as a civil rights leader and is in the form of a comic or "graphic novel". A few key examples... mehr

     

    This essay on the nature of the boundary of the comics form is an analysis of US Congressman John Lewis’s autobiography March, which recounts his early days as a civil rights leader and is in the form of a comic or "graphic novel". A few key examples are examined in which normally distinct images and textual elements blend together thereby bringing into question the nature of the boundary in a more general sense as it functions in the comics. Some of the formal elements of the graphic novel analyzed by the essay include its symbolic composition, arrangement of panels and images, treatment of light and dark areas, deployment of racialized icons, and blurring of temporalities and history. Dieser Aufsatz über die Natur der Grenze im Medienformat "Comic" analysiert die Autobiographie des US-Kongressabgeordneten John Lewis, March, die seine frühen Tage als Bürgerrechtler in Form eines Comics (Graphic Novel) erzählt. Anhand einiger prominenter Beispiele, in denen normalerweise räumlich getrennte Bild- und Textelemente des Comics verschmelzen, wird auf allgemeinerer Ebene das Wesen der Grenze im Comic erörtert. Es werden verschiedene formale Elemente der Graphic Novel untersucht, z. B. ihre symbolische Komposition, das Arrangement von Panels und Bildern, die Behandlung von hellen und dunklen Bereichen sowie der Einsatz von ethnischen Symbolen und das Verschwimmen von Zeitlichkeiten und Geschichte.

     
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    ISBN: 978-3-96234-012-4
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); 741.5
    Sammlung: Ch. A. Bachmann Verlag
    Schlagworte: Comicroman; Lewis, John Robert; Autobiografie
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  5. Insects, the new food?
    Autor*in: Huis, Arnold van
    Erschienen: 15.06.2018

    In many parts of the world it is common to eat insects while in the western world it is regarded as a bizarre habit, even evoking disgust. Is this justified? What if insects were nutritionally similar to our common meat products and have proven to be... mehr

     

    In many parts of the world it is common to eat insects while in the western world it is regarded as a bizarre habit, even evoking disgust. Is this justified? What if insects were nutritionally similar to our common meat products and have proven to be delicious in blind tests? Insects have an environmental impact which is much less than our common production animals, so why not eat it? If these questions can be answered affirmatively, then the question is: Can we persuade the western consumers to take this psychological barrier? There has been a tremendous interest during the last five years to promote insects as food. There are now close to 200 start-up companies listed. Also, in the scientific world the interest is growing exponentially, testified by the number of articles on edible insects that have appeared during the last 15 years (83 from 2011 to 2015 against 9 from 2001 to 20051). These articles deal with harvesting from nature, environmental benefits, nutritional value, food safety, processing, and consumer attitudes. I will give a short overview of the developments in these different areas.

     
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    ISBN: 978-3-941030-93-0
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Schlagworte: Insekten; Welternährung; Tierhaltung; Klimaänderung; Verbraucher; Akzeptanz; Kulturwissenschaft
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  6. What is 'progress' in the humanities? : as seen from the perspective of literary studies
    Autor*in: Nicholls, Angus
    Erschienen: 16.03.2018

    If one thing can be learned from the recent boom in the apparently 'new' field of the 'history of the humanities', it is that, especially in the humanities, the history of an academic discipline is never mere history, because the research questions... mehr

     

    If one thing can be learned from the recent boom in the apparently 'new' field of the 'history of the humanities', it is that, especially in the humanities, the history of an academic discipline is never mere history, because the research questions that inaugurate a discipline continue to subsist at its foundations. Knowledge in the humanities, it seems, develops differently. In many fields, 'progress' is far less linear than in the natural sciences; indeed, research programmes may shuttle back and forth between different epochs, with interpretations of the past continually shedding new light upon the present.

     
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    Medientyp: Teile des Periodikums; Teile des Periodikums
    Format: Online
    ISBN: https://doi.org/10.13151/zfl-blog/20180316-01
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Leibniz-Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung (ZfL)
    Schlagworte: Fortschritt; Geisteswissenschaften; Literaturwissenschaft; Kanon; Windelband, Wilhelm
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    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de

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  7. Diverse museum diversities
    Autor*in: Mcdonald, Sharon
    Erschienen: 20.10.2018

    'Diversity' has become a lively key word in contemporary museum discourse and practice, with numerous policies and initiatives being conducted under its banner. Achieving 'diversity' is seen as something to be celebrated - a good thing in itself. But... mehr

     

    'Diversity' has become a lively key word in contemporary museum discourse and practice, with numerous policies and initiatives being conducted under its banner. Achieving 'diversity' is seen as something to be celebrated - a good thing in itself. But quite what 'diversity' refers to is itself heterogeneous, with this only rarely explicitly articulated or even recognised. As such, what exists is a shifting field of diverse diversities, which variously interlink and reinforce each other but which may also mask critical discrepancies, disconnects, incompatibilities and even contrary ambitions.

     
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    Medientyp: Teile des Periodikums; Teile des Periodikums
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    ISBN: https://doi.org/10.13151/zfl-blog/20181020-01
    DDC Klassifikation: Allgemeine Organisationen, Museumswissenschaft (060); Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Leibniz-Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung (ZfL)
    Schlagworte: Vielfalt; Museum; Sammlung
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    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de

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    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  8. The overdetermination of the whole
    Autor*in: Biareishyk, Siarhei
    Erschienen: 26.11.2018

    The conception of the whole as a system, that is, as a totality determined by one principle or idea, has dominated the philosophical tradition from Kant and Hegel to Marxism - and, as Louis Althusser's critique of Hegelianism shows, not without... mehr

     

    The conception of the whole as a system, that is, as a totality determined by one principle or idea, has dominated the philosophical tradition from Kant and Hegel to Marxism - and, as Louis Althusser's critique of Hegelianism shows, not without implicit social, political, and ideological consequences. The possibility of breaking with the idealist tradition in all of these respects rests on the articulation of an alternative conception of the whole. Althusser advances the notion of the social whole as a complex unity that is constituted through its own effects - what he calls "overdetermination." Such overdetermination of the whole displaces the conception of the whole as totality (Hegel) in favor of Spinoza's notion of modal unity - the whole as singularity.

     
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    ISBN: https://doi.org/10.13151/zfl-blog/20181126-01
    DDC Klassifikation: Philosophie und Psychologie (100); Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Leibniz-Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung (ZfL)
    Schlagworte: Ganzheit; Einheit; Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich; Althusser, Louis; Spinoza, Benedictus de
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    creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/de/deed.de

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  9. The transfer of cultural values : from Walter Scott to Waugh and Jünger
    Autor*in: Nemoianu, Virgil
    Erschienen: 17.01.2018

    The point of my explanation is simply that in its "deep-structure" even 'A Handful of Dust' (and 'a fortiori', as we shall see, other novels by Waugh) attaches itself to the mode of the historical novel, which is only in a very qualified way the... mehr

     

    The point of my explanation is simply that in its "deep-structure" even 'A Handful of Dust' (and 'a fortiori', as we shall see, other novels by Waugh) attaches itself to the mode of the historical novel, which is only in a very qualified way the descendant of the epic, as Lukacs would have us believe.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Synchron. Wissenschaftsverlag der Autoren
    Schlagworte: Scott, Walter; Jünger, Ernst; Waugh, Evelyn; Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft
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    publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/home/index/help

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    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  10. [Berichte von Tagungen] Third International Colloquium for Beckett Translators : Literarisches Colloquium Berlin, October 3-6, 1998
    Autor*in: Schubert, Gesa; Veit, Carola
    Erschienen: 22.01.2018

    In the beautifully situated villa of the Literarisches Colloquium Berlin overlooking Lake Wannsee, the Third International Colloquium for Beckett Translators took place from 3rd to 6th October 1998. The financing had been realized with the help of... mehr

     

    In the beautifully situated villa of the Literarisches Colloquium Berlin overlooking Lake Wannsee, the Third International Colloquium for Beckett Translators took place from 3rd to 6th October 1998. The financing had been realized with the help of the European Commission and the Berlin Senate for Science, Research and Culture.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Synchron. Wissenschaftsverlag der Autoren
    Schlagworte: Beckett, Samuel; Übersetzung; Kongress; Berlin <1998>
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  11. Narratology and narrative : history and perspective
    Autor*in: Larsen, Svend Erik
    Erschienen: 22.01.2018

    We may consider narratology - the structural study of narratives - in two ways, each of them implying a slightly different 'before' and 'after'. First, this important endeavor in 20th century literary studies may be regarded as the study of a... mehr

     

    We may consider narratology - the structural study of narratives - in two ways, each of them implying a slightly different 'before' and 'after'. First, this important endeavor in 20th century literary studies may be regarded as the study of a specific narrative 'logic', the formal structures that unite all narratives, fictional and factual, literary and non-literary. Secondly, narratology may be regarded as the study of specific 'texts' with specific cultural functions - storehouses of 'memory' on the one hand and, on the other, 'meaning-generating devices' integrating human action with time and place, ending up in cognition, identity, values, pragmatic norms, etc. In spite of the fact that both trends diminish the role of the specific medium of a given narrative, focusing instead on a general logic or on general functions, both of them refer 'de facto' to literature as a primary field of study; moreover, they are both children, twins one might argue, of the linguistic turn at the turn of the last century, and they both 'de facto' constantly refer to language as a primary field of study. This paradigmatic shift emphasized a specific medium and its specific logic in a general perspective without losing grip of the specificity. A lesson may be learned if we quickly repaint the history and perspective of this turn in a few broad strokes.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Synchron. Wissenschaftsverlag der Autoren
    Schlagworte: Erzähltheorie
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  12. Found in (Mis)translation, or the Magic of Foreign Words
    Autor*in: Hennard Dutheil de la Rochère, Martine
    Erschienen: 04.09.2018

    Cet article examine le rôle souvent occulté et pourtant essentiel de la traduction comme source d'innovation et de créativité dans l'histoire littéraire et la théorie. Il s'appuie sur plusieurs exemples allant du fameux épisode de la création d'Ève à... mehr

     

    Cet article examine le rôle souvent occulté et pourtant essentiel de la traduction comme source d'innovation et de créativité dans l'histoire littéraire et la théorie. Il s'appuie sur plusieurs exemples allant du fameux épisode de la création d'Ève à partir de la "côte d'Adam" dans la Bible de Jérôme, basée sur la traduction fautive du mot hébreu "qaran" en latin et reflétant le biais patriarcal de Jérôme, à la traduction, tronquée du Deuxième Sexe de Simone de Beauvoir (1946) par le zoologiste retraité Howard M. Parshley qui allait néanmoins inspirer des études marquantes de la seconde vague féministe américaine telles que "The Feminine Mystique" (1963) de Betty Friedan et "Sexual Politics" (1970) de Kate Millett. L'exemple le plus développé retrace l'interaction productive de la traduction et de la réécriture dans la fiction d'Angela Carter, de "The Fairy Tales of Charles Perrault" (1977) jusqu'à ses célèbres "stories about fairy stories" recueillies dans "The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories" (1979) et "American Ghosts and Old World Wonders" (1992). Je propose de lire les variations de Carter sur "Aschenputtel" dans "Ashputtle or The Mother's Ghost" comme un correctif à sa traduction de la morale de "Cendrillon ou la Petite Pantoufle de Verre" de Perrault. La poétique traductive (translational poetics) de Carter démontre ainsi l'impact crucial de la traduction – y compris des erreurs – sur la démarche de l'écrivain, qui associe la (re)lecture créative inhérente à l'activité de traduction au travail de (ré)écriture jusqu'à en faire la matrice à partir de laquelle elle a élaboré son oeuvre singulière.

     
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    ISBN: 978-3-8498-1249-2
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Aisthesis Verlag
    Schlagworte: Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft; Übersetzung; Literarische Übersetzung; Fehler; Carter, Angela
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  13. Translation and its failure in the modern postcolonial short story
    Autor*in: Ravi Allemann, Vidya
    Erschienen: 04.09.2018

    Des critiques et écrivains de nouvelles ont défendu l'idée que la brieveté et un unique moment de clarté sont les éléments essentiels du format court typique de la nouvelle. Cependant, la nouvelle postcoloniale est plurielle, polyphonique et... mehr

     

    Des critiques et écrivains de nouvelles ont défendu l'idée que la brieveté et un unique moment de clarté sont les éléments essentiels du format court typique de la nouvelle. Cependant, la nouvelle postcoloniale est plurielle, polyphonique et versatile, et elle a tendance à s'appuyer sur le désaccord culturel, social, et linguistique. Ce chapitre examine la traduction et l'échec de celle-ci dans l'oeuvre de deux nouvellistes prolifiques qui viennent des deux différentes traditions postcoloniales : Nadine Gordimer et Anita Desai. La prémisse de mon argument est que les nouvelles de ces écrivains ont pour la plupart lieu dans des espaces périphériques, par exemple des villages et des avant-postes. Elles dramatisent une forme de processus postcolonial de désengagement des centres de pouvoir en explorant et en remettant en question des hiérarchies discursives. Cette renégociation implique la présence de perspectives multiples et de subjectivités plurielles, de même qu'elle insiste sur des traductions problématiques et des malentendus surgissant en leur sein. Par l'étude de textes de Gordimer et Desai, ce chapitre considère plusieurs formes de malentendus – fausses représentations, mécompréhension, traductions erronées et obstructions linguistiques – qui ses présentent dans deux nouvelles. Il ressort de cette analyse que les malentendus sont susceptibles de devenir les instruments de l'expression d'une résistance dans les sites hégémoniques de la langue et du pouvoir.

     
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    ISBN: 978-3-8498-1249-2
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Schlagworte: Desai, Anita; Gordimer, Nadine; Kurzgeschichte; Fehler; Missverständnis; Übersetzung
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  14. 'The Brothers Karamazov' as a Philosophical Proof : Wittgenstein Reading Dostoevsky
    Autor*in: Jankovic, Tea
    Erschienen: 13.09.2018

    Am 6. Juli 1916 notierte Ludwig Wittgenstein in seinem Tagebuch: "Und insofern hat wohl auch Dostojewskij recht, wenn er sagt, dass der, welcher glücklich ist, den Zweck des Daseins erfüllt." Diese Aussage ist eingebettet in Überlegungen zur... mehr

     

    Am 6. Juli 1916 notierte Ludwig Wittgenstein in seinem Tagebuch: "Und insofern hat wohl auch Dostojewskij recht, wenn er sagt, dass der, welcher glücklich ist, den Zweck des Daseins erfüllt." Diese Aussage ist eingebettet in Überlegungen zur Beziehung von Ethik und Ästhetik in seinem Tagebuch, die später in den 'Tractatus logicophilosophicus' einfliessen (ab Satz 6.42). Die Figur Dostojewskijs, die am explizitesten solche Sätze aussprach, wie den oben zitierten, ist der Starez Sosima aus den 'Brüdern Karamasow'. Wittgenstein hat diesen Roman so oft gelesen, dass er ihn nahezu auswendig konnte, insbesondere die Reden des Starez Sosima. Obwohl Wittgenstein darauf bestand, dass Ethik "unaussprechbar" ist, deutet er an, dass Literatur das gute Leben "zeigen" kann. Somit überschreitet er die Grenzen der frühen analytischen Philosophie, die sich an mathematischen Wissenschaften orientierte und sich möglichst von der Kunst abzugrenzen suchte.

     
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    ISBN: 978-3-8498-1249-2
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800)
    Sammlung: Aisthesis Verlag
    Schlagworte: Bratʹja Karamazovy; Brüder Karamasow; Dostoevskij, Fëdor Michajlovič; Wittgenstein, Ludwig; Ethik; Ästhetik
    Lizenz:

    publikationen.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/home/index/help

    ;

    info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
  15. Popularity/Prestige
    Autor*in: Porter, J. D.
    Erschienen: 08.11.2018

    What is the canon? Usually this question is just a proxy for something like, "Which works are in the canon?" But the first question is not just a concise version of the second, or at least it doesn’t have to be. Instead, it can ask what the... mehr

     

    What is the canon? Usually this question is just a proxy for something like, "Which works are in the canon?" But the first question is not just a concise version of the second, or at least it doesn’t have to be. Instead, it can ask what the structure of the canon is - in other words, when things are in the canon, what are they in? This question came to the fore during the project that resulted in Pamphlet 11. The members of that group were looking for morphological differences between the canon and the archive. The latter they define, straightforwardly and capaciously, as "that portion of published literature that has been preserved—in libraries and elsewhere" The canon is a slipperier concept; the authors speak instead of multiple canons, like the books preserved in the Chadwyck-Healey Nineteenth-Century Fiction Collection, the constituents of the six different "best-twentieth century novels" lists analyzed by Mark Algee-Hewitt and Mark McGurl in Pamphlet 8, authors included in the British Dictionary of National Biography, and so forth. [...] This last conundrum points the way out of these difficulties and into a workable model of the structure of the canon. It suggests two different ways of entering the canon: being read by many and being prized by an elite few—or, to use the terms arrived at in Pamphlet 11, popularity and prestige. With these two dimensions, we arrive at a canonical space [...].

     
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