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With co-editors: CAROLYN COLLETTE, MARYANNE KOWALESKI, LINNE MOONEY, AD PUTTER, and DAVID TROTTER. England was more widely and enduringly francophone in the middle ages than many standard accounts of its history, culture and language allow. The development of French in England, whether known as 'Anglo-Norman' or 'Anglo-French', is deeply interwoven both with medieval English and with the spectrum of Frenches, insular and continental, used within and outside the realm. As the language of nearly a thousand literary texts, of much administration, and of many professions and occupations, the French of England needs more attention than it has so far received. The essays in this volume form a new cultural history focussed round, but not confined to, the presence and interactions of French speakers, writers, readers, texts and documents in England from the eleventh to the later fifteenth century. Taking the French of England into account does not simply add new material to our existing narratives of medieval English culture, but changes them, restoring a multi-vocal, multi-cultural medieval England in all its complexity, and opening up fresh agendas for study and exploration. Contributors: HENRY BAINTON, MICHAEL BENNETT, JULIA BOFFEY, RICHARD BRITNELL, CAROLYN COLLETTE, GODFRIED CROENEN, HELEN DEEMING, STEPHANIE DOWNES, MARTHA DRIVER, MONICA H. GREEN, RICHARD INGHAM, REBECCA JUNE, MARYANNE KOWALESKI, PIERRE KUNSTMANN, FRANCOISE H. M. LE SAUX, SERGE LUSIGNAN, TIM WILLIAM MACHAN, JULIA MARVIN, BRIAN MERRILEES, RUTH NISSE, MARILYN OLIVA, W. MARK ORMROD, HEATHER PAGAN, LAURIE POSTLEWATE, JEAN-PASCAL POUZET, AD PUTTER, GEOFF RECTOR, DELBERT RUSSELL, THEA SUMMERFIELD, ANDREW TAYLOR, DAVID TROTTER, ELIZABETH M. TYLER, NICHOLAS WATSON, JOCELYN WOGAN-BROWNE, ROBERT F. YEAGER General introduction: What's in a name : the 'French' of 'England' / Jocelyn Wogan-Browne -- Language and socio-linguistics: French language in contact with English : social context and linguistic change (mid-13th-14th centuries) / Serge Lusignan. Language of complaint : multilingualism and petitioning in later medieval England / W. Mark Ormrod. Persistence of Anglo-Norman 1230-1362 : a linguistic perspective / Richard Ingham. Syntaxe anglo-normande : etude de certaines caracteristiques du XIIe au XIVe siecle / Pierre Kunstmann. '"Fi a debles," quath the king' : language mixing in England's vernacular historical narratives, c.1290-c.1340 / Thea Summerfield. Uses of French language in medieval English towns / Richard Britnell. French of England in female convents : the French kitcheners' accounts of Campsey Ash Priory / Marilyn Oliva. French of England : a maritime lingua franca? / Maryanne Kowaleski. John Barton, John Gower and others : variation in late Anglo-French / Brian Merrilees and Heather Pagan. John Gower's French and his readers / R.F. Yeager -- Crossing the conquest : new linguistic and literary histories: 'Stuffed Latin' : vernacular evidence in Latin documents / David Trotter. From old English to old French / Elizabeth M. Tyler. Translating the 'English' past : cultural identity in the Estoire des Engleis / Henry Bainton. Languages of England : multilingualism in the work of Wace / Francoise H.M. Le Saux. Illustrious vernacular : the Psalter en romanz in twelfth-century England / Geoff Rector . Serpent's head/Jew's hand : Le Jeu d'Adam and Christian-Jewish debate in Norman England / Ruth Nisse. Salerno on the Thames : the genesis of Anglo-Norman medical literature / Monica H. Green -- After Lateran IV : francophone devotions and histories: 'Cest livre liseez ... chescun jour' : women and reading c.1230-c.1430 / Jocelyn Wogan-Browne. French devotional texts in thirteenth-century preachers' anthologies / Helen Deeming. Augustinian canons and their insular French books in medieval England : towards an assessment / Jean-Pascal Pouzet. Eschuer peche, embracer bountee : social thought and pastoral instruction in Nicole Bozon / Laurie Postlewate. Cultural context of the French prose remaniement of the life of Edward the Confessor by a nun of Barking Abbey / Delbert W. Russell. Vitality of Anglo-Norman in late medieval England : the case of the prose Brut chronicle / Julia Marvin. France in England : Anglo-French culture in the reign of Edward III / Michael Bennett. Lollardy : the Anglo-Norman heresy? / Nicholas Watson. Languages of memory : the Crabhouse Nunnery manuscript / Rebecca June -- England and French in the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries: French, English, and the late medieval linguistic repertoire / Tim William Machan. Aristotle, translation and the mean : shaping the vernacular in late medieval Anglo-French culture / Carolyn Collette. Writing English in a French penumbra : the middle English 'Tree of love' in MS Longleat 253 / Julia Boffey. French of English letters : two trilingual verse epistles in context / Ad Putter. Reception of Froissart's writings in England : the evidence of the manuscripts / Godfried Croenen. 'Me fault faire' : French makers of manuscripts for English patrons / Martha W. Driver. French self-presentation of an English mastiff : John Talbot's Book of chivalry / Andrew Taylor. 'Frenche booke called the Pistill of Othea' : Christine de Pizan's French in England / Stephanie Downes
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