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  1. Comparing European healthcare systems
    Autor*in: Boone, Jan
    Erschienen: 04 October 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16602
    Schlagworte: healthcare systems; insurer competition; single payer; hospital choice
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 71 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Racial bias in newspaper ratings of professional football players
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    We study whether there is a racial bias in ratings of professional football players in Italian newspapers. We find that there is such a bias. Conditional on objective performance indicators black players receive a lower rating than non-black players.... mehr

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    We study whether there is a racial bias in ratings of professional football players in Italian newspapers. We find that there is such a bias. Conditional on objective performance indicators black players receive a lower rating than non-black players. This is not a difference across the board but predominantly present at the lower end of the newspaper rating distribution. The best black players are not subject to a racial bias in ratings. We also find that clubs do not have a racial bias in the wages they pay to players. We speculate that for clubs there is sufficient competition to remove racial wage discrimination. Clubs simply want value for money. Newspaper football experts do seem to have a racial bias in their rating of players. We hypothesize that this might be unconscious discrimination related to stereotyping of black players.

     

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    hdl: 10419/248756
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2021, 072
    Schlagworte: racial bias; newspaper ratings; professional football
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Johan Cruyff and his contribution to success and stadium attendance at Feyenoord
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    In his last season as professional football player, Johan Cruyff played at Feyenoord. This paper shows that Cruyff improved the performance of his team and provides evidence of his presence attracting more stadium attendants to the home ground. From... mehr

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    In his last season as professional football player, Johan Cruyff played at Feyenoord. This paper shows that Cruyff improved the performance of his team and provides evidence of his presence attracting more stadium attendants to the home ground. From this it is concluded that Cruyff made a superstar contribution to his club Feyenoord.

     

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    hdl: 10419/248759
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2021, 075
    Schlagworte: professional football; superstar; Johan Cruyff; Feyenoord
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Racial bias in newspaper ratings of professional football players
    Erschienen: 06 August 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16419
    Schlagworte: Racial Bias; newspaper ratings; Professional football
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. A structural microsimulation model for demand-side cost-sharing in healthcare
    Erschienen: juni 2020
    Verlag:  CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis, [Den Haag]

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    Schriftenreihe: CPB discussion paper
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Pricing above value
    selling to an adverse selection market
    Autor*in: Boone, Jan
    Erschienen: 10 September 2020
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP15279
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Pricing above value
    selling to an adverse selection market
    Autor*in: Boone, Jan
    Erschienen: September 2020
    Verlag:  CentER, Center for Economic Research, Tilburg

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / CentER, Center for Economic Research ; no. 2020, 023
    TILEC discussion paper ; no. 2020, 023
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Common international trends in football stadium attendance
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    This paper examines long-term developments in stadium attendance in professional football in the Netherlands. As in many other European countries attendance had a U-shaped development with the lowest numbers in the mid-1980s. The developments in the... mehr

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    This paper examines long-term developments in stadium attendance in professional football in the Netherlands. As in many other European countries attendance had a U-shaped development with the lowest numbers in the mid-1980s. The developments in the Netherlands do not seem to have been affected by hooliganism but by socioeconomic factors and developments in recreation. Furthermore, the association with stadium attendance in the English Premier League is very high. This suggests that stadium attendance is affected not only by national developments but also by common international trends in the interest in football matches.

     

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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/229697
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2020, 077
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. What a drag it is getting old?
    mental health and loneliness beyond age 50
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    This paper studies mental health and loneliness in the Netherlands for individuals beyond age 50. The analysis is based on panel data over the period 2008 to 2018 and focuses on the effects of life events and aging. It appears that mental health gets... mehr

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    This paper studies mental health and loneliness in the Netherlands for individuals beyond age 50. The analysis is based on panel data over the period 2008 to 2018 and focuses on the effects of life events and aging. It appears that mental health gets worse and loneliness increases if individuals lose their partner or become unemployed. On average, mental health of males and high educated females improves at retirement. With respect to aging, the main conclusions are that mental health improves while loneliness goes down at least up to the high 70s. From the perspective of mental health and loneliness it does not seem to be a drag getting old.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/229695
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2020, 075
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Bias in expert product reviews
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Hard evidence on bias in expert reviews and its consequences for ratings is rare. This holds particularly true for conflicts of interest that are thought to be common in non-blind product reviews but are not readily observable: ad hoc relationships... mehr

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    Hard evidence on bias in expert reviews and its consequences for ratings is rare. This holds particularly true for conflicts of interest that are thought to be common in non-blind product reviews but are not readily observable: ad hoc relationships between reviewers and producers. We present a textbook case of a long-running expert product review in the food service industry for which we happen to know the reviewer's conflict of interest: being affiliated to one particular producer. As is typical, only insiders were aware of the possible source of bias in the review. The review resembles other non-blind tests of product quality. We obtained detailed data to map the consequences of the conflict of interest. We find evidence of a sizable bias in the reviewers' ratings. Our findings suggest that reviewers' ad hoc relationships with producers, often dismissed as 'coming with the job', can be very harmful.

     

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    hdl: 10419/237775
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2021, 042
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten)
  11. How sensitive are sports fans to unemployment?
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    We analyze attendance of professional football matches in England finding that it is related to unemployment over a very long period of time. More unemployment leads to lower attendances. Distinguishing between leagues, we find that the relationship... mehr

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    We analyze attendance of professional football matches in England finding that it is related to unemployment over a very long period of time. More unemployment leads to lower attendances. Distinguishing between leagues, we find that the relationship is larger for lower leagues, i.e. attendance of lower quality football events are more sensitive to fluctuations in unemployment.

     

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    hdl: 10419/237781
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2021, 048
    Schlagworte: Stadium attendance; football; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Mental health effects of same-sex marriage legalization
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Sexual minorities have had worse than average mental health, which may have to do with actual or perceived discrimination. Same-sex marriage legalization (SSML) is a typical anti-discrimination policy removing marital restrictions for sexual... mehr

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    Sexual minorities have had worse than average mental health, which may have to do with actual or perceived discrimination. Same-sex marriage legalization (SSML) is a typical anti-discrimination policy removing marital restrictions for sexual minorities. We study how this legislation affected mental health of sexual minorities in the Netherlands. Conducting a difference-in-differences analysis, we compare changes in mental health following the legalization between sexual minorities and heterosexuals. We find that SSML improved mental health of both married and non-married sexual minorities, which implies that marriage is not the only channel. Examinations of alternative mechanisms combined with literature suggest that the legislation may also take effect by improving societal tolerance as well as stabilizing partnerships and enriching the choice basket of partnership forms for sexual minorities.

     

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    Format: Online
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    hdl: 10419/229709
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2021, 003
    Schlagworte: Same-sex marriage; Mental health; Sexual minorities
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Symbolism matters
    the effect of same-sex marriage legalization on partnership stability
    Erschienen: July 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We study the effect of marriage on the stability of formal partnerships exploiting same-sex marriage legalization in the Netherlands as a natural experiment. Same-sex marriage legalization allowed registered partnerships to be transformed into... mehr

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    We study the effect of marriage on the stability of formal partnerships exploiting same-sex marriage legalization in the Netherlands as a natural experiment. Same-sex marriage legalization allowed registered partnerships to be transformed into marriage. Since registered partnerships and marriages are similar in terms of rights and obligations we can investigate the effect of marital symbolism on the partnership stability. Using rich administrative data, we find that same-sex marriage legalization had two different effects. First, it increased the separation rate of existing same-sex registered partnerships. Second, partnerships that were transformed into marriage had a substantially lower separation rate. We take the second finding as evidence of the symbolic effect of marriage stabilizing partnerships.

     

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    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/207342
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12516
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Symbolism matters
    the effect of same-sex marriage legalization on partnership stability
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    We study the effect of marriage on the stability of formal partnerships exploiting same-sex marriage legalization in the Netherlands as a natural experiment. Samesex marriage legalization allowed registered partnerships to be transformed into... mehr

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    We study the effect of marriage on the stability of formal partnerships exploiting same-sex marriage legalization in the Netherlands as a natural experiment. Samesex marriage legalization allowed registered partnerships to be transformed into marriage. Since registered partnerships and marriages are similar in terms of rights and obligations we can investigate the effect of marital symbolism on the partnership stability. Using rich administrative data, we find that same-sex marriage legalization had two different effects. First, it increased the separation rate of existing same-sex registered partnerships. Second, partnerships that were transformed into marriage had a substantially lower separation rate. We take the second finding as evidence of the symbolic effect of marriage stabilizing partnerships.

     

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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/205345
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2019, 055
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Cannabis prices on the Dark Web
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    This paper examines prices of cannabis sold over the anonymous internetmarketplace AlphaBay. We analyze cannabis prices of 500 listings fromabout 140 sellers, originating from 18 countries. We find that both listingcharacteristics and country... mehr

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    This paper examines prices of cannabis sold over the anonymous internetmarketplace AlphaBay. We analyze cannabis prices of 500 listings fromabout 140 sellers, originating from 18 countries. We find that both listingcharacteristics and country characteristics matter. Cannabis prices are lowerif sold in larger quantities, so there is a clear quantity discount. Cannabis prices increase with perceived quality. Cannabis prices are also higher whenthe seller is from a country with a higher GDP per capita or higher electricityprices. The internet based cannabis market seems to be characterized bymonopolistic competition where many sellers offer differentiated productswith quality variation causing a dispersion of cannabis prices and sellershave some control over the cannabis prices.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/205349
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2019, 059
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Early cannabis use and school to work transition of young men
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    We study the impact of early cannabis use on the school to work transition of young men. Our empirical approach accounts for common unobserved confounders that jointly affect selection into cannabis use and the transition from school to work using a... mehr

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    We study the impact of early cannabis use on the school to work transition of young men. Our empirical approach accounts for common unobserved confounders that jointly affect selection into cannabis use and the transition from school to work using a multivariate mixed proportional hazard framework in which unobserved heterogeneities are drawn from a discrete mixing distribution. Extended models account for school leavers' option of returning to school rather than starting work as a competing risk. We find that early cannabis use leads young men to accept job offers more quickly and at a lower wage rate compared to otherwise similar males who did not use cannabis. These effects are present only for those who use cannabis for longer than a year before leaving school. Overall, our findings are consistent with a mechanism whereby early non-experimental cannabis use leads to greater impatience in initial labor market decision-making.

     

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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/155757
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 31
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Beyond Okun's law
    output growth and labor market flows
    Erschienen: 06 December 2018
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Centre for Economic Policy Research ; DP13369
    Umfang: 26 Seiten, Illustrationen
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  18. The mental health effects of retirement
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    We study the retirement effects on mental health using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design based on the eligibility age to the state pension in the Netherlands. We find that the mental effects are heterogeneous by gender and marital status.... mehr

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    We study the retirement effects on mental health using a fuzzy regression discontinuity design based on the eligibility age to the state pension in the Netherlands. We find that the mental effects are heterogeneous by gender and marital status. Retirement of partnered men positively affects mental health of both themselves and their partners. Single men retiring experience a drop in mental health. Female retirement has hardly any effect on their own mental health or the mental health of their partners. Part of the effects seem to be driven by loneliness after retirement.

     

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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/220030
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2019, 081
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. A structural microsimulation model for demand-side cost-sharing in healthcare
    Erschienen: 21 February 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17057
    Schlagworte: moral hazard; risk; equity; out-of-pocket; shifted deductible; Co-Insurance; Bayesianmixture model; microsimulation model
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. The impact of absent coworkers on productivity in teams
    Erschienen: July 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We study how workers in production teams are affected by the temporary absence and replacement of a coworker. When a substitute coworker is absent, the remaining coworkers produce less output per working time. They compensate for this by increasing... mehr

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    We study how workers in production teams are affected by the temporary absence and replacement of a coworker. When a substitute coworker is absent, the remaining coworkers produce less output per working time. They compensate for this by increasing their working time at the expense of the (less able) replacement worker, such that the output loss per remaining worker is not significant. When a complementary coworker is absent, we see a similar loss in output per minute worked, but this directly leads to a loss of output produced, because remaining workers do not take over the absent worker’s tasks.

     

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    hdl: 10419/263671
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15455
    Schlagworte: absenteeism; worker productivity; team production; ice hockey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten)
  21. The impact of absent coworkers on productivity in teams
    Erschienen: 27 July 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17503
    Schlagworte: Absenteeism; Worker productivity; Team Production
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  22. The impact of absent coworkers on productivity in teams
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    We study how workers in production teams are affected by the temporary absence and replacement of a coworker. When a substitute coworker is absent, the remaining coworkers produce less output per working time. They compensate for this by increasing... mehr

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    We study how workers in production teams are affected by the temporary absence and replacement of a coworker. When a substitute coworker is absent, the remaining coworkers produce less output per working time. They compensate for this by increasing their working time at the expense of the (less able) replacement worker, such that the output loss per remaining worker is not significant. When a complementary coworker is absent, we see a similar loss in output per minute worked, but this directly leads to a loss of output produced, because remaining workers do not take over the absent worker's tasks.

     

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    hdl: 10419/263972
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Draft version July 25, 2022
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2022, 052
    Schlagworte: absenteeism; worker productivity; team production; ice hockey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten)
  23. How retirement affects mental health, cognitive skills and mortality; an overview of recent empirical evidence
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    Retiring is an individual labor market transition that affects the personal life of the workers involved and sometimes the life of their partners. This paper presents an overview of recent studies on the effects of retirement on mental health,... mehr

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    Retiring is an individual labor market transition that affects the personal life of the workers involved and sometimes the life of their partners. This paper presents an overview of recent studies on the effects of retirement on mental health, cognitive ability and mortality. The results are all over the place but on average it seems like at retirement mental health improves, cognitive skills deteriorate and mortality is not affected. However, there is substantial effect heterogeneity. The range of outcomes is partly related to heterogeneity in terms of personal characteristics, type of job, institutional arrangements, and whether retiring was voluntary or mandatory. The variation in empirical findings makes it hard to see the forest for the trees and advocate evidence-based retirement policies that take health effects into account. Nevertheless, introducing more individual flexibility in the timing of retirement is a worthwhile policy alternative since this seems to be unambiguously beneficial for the health of workers retiring.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263970
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2022, 050
    Schlagworte: Retirement; Mental health; Cognitive ability; Mortality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Do early episodes of depression and anxiety make homelessness more likely?
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies the relationship between early mental health episodes and early homelessness, focusing on depression and anxiety amongst disadvantaged Australians. Using data from the Australian Journeys Home survey, we investigate whether the... mehr

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    This paper studies the relationship between early mental health episodes and early homelessness, focusing on depression and anxiety amongst disadvantaged Australians. Using data from the Australian Journeys Home survey, we investigate whether the early onset of mental health conditions make a first transition into homelessness more likely. Similarly, we analyse whether early experiences of homelessness increase the likelihood of early onset of depression or anxiety. We perform our analysis separately for men and women since there are gender differences in rates of both mental health diagnosis and homelessness. After accounting for the effects of joint observed and unobserved determinants, we find that a person's first episode of depression makes a transition to homelessness more likely for both men and women. In contrast, anxiety disorders have no effect on the likelihood of experiencing homelessness. In addition, people's first experience of homelessness has no effect on the likelihood of developing depression, but does increase the likelihood of anxiety disorders for men only.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265751
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15530
    Schlagworte: homelessness; mental health; depression; anxiety; mixed proportional hazard model
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. International assortative matching in the European labor market
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate whether national borders within Europe hinder the assortative matching of workers to firms in a high skilled labor market. We characterize worker productivity as the ability to contribute to physical output and define firm productivity... mehr

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    We investigate whether national borders within Europe hinder the assortative matching of workers to firms in a high skilled labor market. We characterize worker productivity as the ability to contribute to physical output and define firm productivity as the capacity to transform physical output into revenues. We rank workers and firms according to their individual productivity estimates and study the ensuing rank correlation to gauge the degree of assortative matching within and across countries. We find strong evidence for positive assortative matching at the national level, and even more so at the international level. This suggests national borders do not prevent workers and firm from pursuing profitable complementarities in production.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265742
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15521
    Schlagworte: assortative matching; international worker mobility; football managers
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen