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  1. Walking the tightrope
    avoiding a lockdown while containing the virus
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris, France

    Empirical work described in this paper explains the daily evolution of the reproduction rate, R, and mobility for a large sample of countries, in terms of containment and public health policies. This is with a view to providing insight into the... mehr

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    Empirical work described in this paper explains the daily evolution of the reproduction rate, R, and mobility for a large sample of countries, in terms of containment and public health policies. This is with a view to providing insight into the appropriate policy stance as countries prepare for a potentially protracted period characterised by new infection waves. While a comprehensive package of containment measures may be necessary when the virus is widespread and can have a large effect on reducing R, they also have effect on mobility and, by extension, economic activity. A wide-ranging package of public health policies – with an emphasis on comprehensive testing, tracing and isolation, but also including mask-wearing and policies directed at vulnerable groups, especially those in care homes – offer the best approach to avoiding a full lockdown while containing the spread of the virus. Such policies may, however, need to be complemented by selective containment measures (such as restricting large public events and international travel or localised lockdowns) both to contain local outbreaks and because implementing some of the recommended public health policies may be difficult to achieve or have unacceptable social costs.

     

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; no. 1633
    Schlagworte: Covid-19; lockdown; non-pharmaceutical interventions; mobility; Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Walking the tightrope
    avoiding a lockdown while containing the virus
    Erschienen: December 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Empirical work described in this paper explains the daily evolution of the reproduction rate, R, and mobility for a large sample of countries, in terms of containment and public health policies. This is with a view to providing insight into the... mehr

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    Empirical work described in this paper explains the daily evolution of the reproduction rate, R, and mobility for a large sample of countries, in terms of containment and public health policies. This is with a view to providing insight into the appropriate policy stance as countries prepare for a potentially protracted period characterised by new infection waves. While a comprehensive package of containment measures may be necessary when the virus is widespread and can have a large effect on reducing R, they also have effect on mobility and, by extension, economic activity. A wide-ranging package of public health policies – with an emphasis on comprehensive testing, tracing and isolation, but also including mask-wearing and policies directed at vulnerable groups, especially those in care homes – offer the best approach to avoiding a full lockdown while containing the spread of the virus. Such policies may, however, need to be complemented by selective containment measures (such as restricting large public events and international travel or localised lockdowns) both to contain local outbreaks and because implementing some of the recommended public health policies may be difficult to achieve or have unacceptable social costs.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/229615
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8797 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Walking the tightrope: avoiding a lockdown while containing the virus
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  EconomiX - UMR7235, Université Paris Nanterre, Nanterre

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / EconomiX ; 2021, 1
    Schlagworte: Covid-19; lockdown; non-pharmaceutical interventions; mobility
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Comparing data gathered in an online and a laboratory experiment using the trustlab platform
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  The Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    This paper compares the results of an experiment conducted both in the laboratory and online with participants recruited from the same subject pool using the Trustlab platform. This platform has been used to obtain incentivized and internationally... mehr

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    This paper compares the results of an experiment conducted both in the laboratory and online with participants recruited from the same subject pool using the Trustlab platform. This platform has been used to obtain incentivized and internationally comparable behavioral economics measures of altruism, cooperation, reciprocity, trust, and trustworthiness, employing representative samples in many countries. We find little significant difference between the results from sessions conducted in the laboratory and online. While the existing literature shows that the choice between laboratory and online experiments can cause differences in results in some cases, our findings support the hypothesis that they do not cause differences in the behavioral economics measures when using the Trustlab platform.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263305
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised June 2022
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / The Institute of Social and Economic Research ; no. 1168
    Schlagworte: dictator game; trust game; public goods game
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. The politicized pandemic: ideological polarization and the behavioral response to COVID-19
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality... mehr

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    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality correlates positively with adherence to protective behaviors. Liberal political ideology predicts higher levels of protective behavior than conservative ideology, independently of the differences in prosociality across the two groups. Differences between liberals and conservatives are up to 4.4 times smaller in their behavior than in judging the government's crisis management. This result suggests that U.S. Americans are more polarized on ideological than behavioral grounds.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250693
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15032
    Schlagworte: polarization; ideology; trust in politicians; COVID-19; prosociality; health behavior; worries
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The politicized pandemic
    ideological polarization and the behavioral response to COVID-19
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, [Kiel]

    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality... mehr

    Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung Halle, Bibliothek
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    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality correlates positively with adherence to protective behaviors. Liberal political ideology predicts higher levels of protective behavior than conservative ideology, independently of the differences in prosociality across the two groups. Differences between liberals and conservatives are up to 4.4 times smaller in their behavior than in judging the government’s crisis management. This result suggests that U.S. Americans are more polarized on ideological than behavioral grounds.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250080
    Schriftenreihe: Kiel working paper ; no. 2207 (January 2022)
    Schlagworte: Polarization; Ideology; Trust in politicians; COVID-19; Prosociality; Health behavior; Worries
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. The politicized pandemic
    ideological polarization and the behavioral response to COVID-19
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn

    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality... mehr

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    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality correlates positively with adherence to protective behaviors. Liberal political ideology predicts higher levels of protective behavior than conservative ideology, independently of the differences in prosociality across the two groups. Differences between liberals and conservatives are up to 4.4 times smaller in their behavior than in judging the government's crisis management. This result suggests that U.S. Americans are more polarized on ideological than behavioral grounds.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 21.11116/0000-0009-CFC1-4
    hdl: 10419/262306
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods ; 2022, 1
    Schlagworte: Polarization; Ideology; Trust in politicians; COVID-19; Prosociality; Health behavior; Worries
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The politicized pandemic
    ideological polarization and the behavioral response to COVID-19
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality... mehr

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    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality correlates positively with adherence to protective behaviors. Liberal political ideology predicts higher levels of protective behavior than conservative ideology, independently of the differences in prosociality across the two groups. Differences between liberals and conservatives are up to 4.4 times smaller in their behavior than in judging the government's crisis management. This result suggests that U.S. Americans are more polarized on ideological than behavioral grounds.

     

    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/252299
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 138
    Schlagworte: Polarization; Ideology; Trust in politicians; COVID-19; Prosociality; Health behavior; Worries
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The economy of well-being
    creating opportunities for people’s well-being and economic growth
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris, France

    As well-being has matured as a statistical and measurement agenda, it has become increasingly relevant as a “compass” for policy, with a growing number of countries using well-being metrics to guide decision-making and inform budgetary processes. One... mehr

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    As well-being has matured as a statistical and measurement agenda, it has become increasingly relevant as a “compass” for policy, with a growing number of countries using well-being metrics to guide decision-making and inform budgetary processes. One remaining challenge has consisted in providing policy-makers with a better understanding of the linkages between the drivers of well-being and economic growth. This paper develops the concept of an “Economy of Well-being” as a basis for highlighting these linkages and showing how policy can most effectively leverage them. The paper defines an economy of well-being around the idea of a “virtuous circle” in which individual well-being and long-term economic growth are mutually reinforcing. It also explores the characteristics of an economy of well-being and the conditions under which it can be sustained. Secondly, based on a survey of existing empirical evidence, the paper contributes to outline how economies of well-being can be built. It provides analysis of several important channels through which economic growth and well-being support and reinforce one another, focusing on the multidimensional impact of policies in four areas that research has shown to be important for well-being: Education and Skills; Health; Social Protection and Redistribution; and Gender Equality.

     

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2019, 2
    Schlagworte: Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Which policies increase value for money in health care?
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    The incentive structures produced by different institutional arrangements in health systems are important determinants of their performance, and can explain some of the differences in cross-country performance patterns. This paper proposes an... mehr

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    The incentive structures produced by different institutional arrangements in health systems are important determinants of their performance, and can explain some of the differences in cross-country performance patterns. This paper proposes an approach and quantitative method to investigate how different policies and institutions helped achieving better value for money across 26 OECD countries for the period of 2000-2015. To this aim, it uses a panel of health system characteristics indicators - derived from questionnaires sent to countries by OECD in 2008, 2012 and 2016 - that describes primarily health financing and coverage arrangements, health care delivery systems, and governance and resource allocation.

     

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    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: OECD health working papers ; no. 104
    Schlagworte: Gesundheitsversorgung; Dienstleistungsqualität; Gesundheitskosten; OECD-Staaten; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Prudential regulation and competition in financial markets
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, Economics Department, Paris

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    ECO/WKP(2009)76
    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; 735
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  12. Do policies that reduce unemployment raise its volatility?
    evidence from OECD countries
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  OECD, Economics Dep., Paris

    In this paper we examine whether past labour market reforms aiming at reducing the rate of unemployment have raised its long-run volatility. Using non-linear panel data models applied to 24 OECD countries between 1985 and 2007, as well as Monte-Carlo... mehr

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    In this paper we examine whether past labour market reforms aiming at reducing the rate of unemployment have raised its long-run volatility. Using non-linear panel data models applied to 24 OECD countries between 1985 and 2007, as well as Monte-Carlo techniques, we do not find any evidence of such policy trade-off. In contrast, we find that reduced unemployment benefit duration, more competition-inducing product market regulation and looser employment protection legislation are associated with a weaker persistence of unemployment over time, which implies a lower volatility of unemployment in the long run. More specifically, the evidence suggests that even in the case of reforms that may have raised the shortterm sensitivity of unemployment to business cycles (such as with the easing of employment protection), the weaker persistence effect dominates the higher cyclical volatility, implying a net reduction in long-term volatility.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; 1020
    Schlagworte: Arbeitsmarktpolitik; Arbeitslosigkeit; OECD-Staaten; Employment; Economics
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  13. The policy and institutional drivers of economic growth across OECD and non-OECD economies
    new evidence from growth regressions
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; 843
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftswachstum; Welt; OECD-Staaten
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  14. A welfare analysis of climate change mitigation policies
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; 908
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  15. Inclusive growth
    the OECD measurement framework
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris

    This paper presents the Measurement Framework of the OECD Inclusive Growth Initiative, a horizontal project that the OECD launched in 2012 to develop a new vision of economic growth that can translate in higher living standards for all. This... mehr

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    This paper presents the Measurement Framework of the OECD Inclusive Growth Initiative, a horizontal project that the OECD launched in 2012 to develop a new vision of economic growth that can translate in higher living standards for all. This measurement framework builds on the equivalent income approach to develop an indicator of Multidimensional Living Standards (MDLS) that combines monetary (income) and non-monetary (health and jobs) benefits from economic growth and aggregates them across individuals with different characteristics. The paper discusses estimates of MDLS for 29 OECD countries and China in the period 1995-2012. It finds that between 1995 and 2007 living standards of the median household have increased in all countries under study and have gone up the most in countries where they were initially lower. The convergence in living standards has been driven by convergence in all underlying dimensions, namely income, unemployment and to a lesser extent, longevity. Between 2007 and 2012 living standards of median households hardly grew and several countries witnessed receding living standards. The bulk of the loss is explained by rising unemployment, while median household income growth has remained broadly stable.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2015/06
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftswachstum; Soziale Integration; OECD-Staaten; China; Economics
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  16. Inequalities in emerging economies
    informing the policy dialogue on inclusive growth
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    The paper describes inequality trends in selected emerging economies (Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa) in a range of monetary (i.e. income) and non-monetary dimensions of people’s life (i.e. education, health... mehr

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    The paper describes inequality trends in selected emerging economies (Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa) in a range of monetary (i.e. income) and non-monetary dimensions of people’s life (i.e. education, health status, employment and subjective well-being). Inequalities are analysed not only in terms of overall dispersion, but also as gaps between population groups defined by specific characteristics (i.e. sex, age, educational attainment and place of living). To the extent made possible by the nature of available data, measures of income inequality for these emerging countries, as well as for 7 Latin American countries (Bolivia, Dominic Republic, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay), are based on concepts and definitions similar to those used by the OECD for its member countries. All the emerging economies covered in the paper show levels of income inequality higher than in the five most unequal OECD countries, while the picture is more mixed when it comes to inequalities in other dimensions of people’s well-being. An annex complements the analysis by presenting an assessment of the quality of the available data on income distribution for the emerging countries covered in the paper.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2018, 13
    Schlagworte: Soziale Ungleichheit; Armut; Lebensqualität; Datenbank; Schwellenländer; Brasilien; Kolumbien; Costa Rica; China; Indien; Indonesien; Südafrika; Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 128 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Trust and its determinants
    evidence from the Trustlab experiment

    This paper describes the results of an international initiative on trust (Trustlab) run in six OECD countries between November 2016 and November 2017 (France, Germany, Italy, Korea, Slovenia and the United States). Trustlab combines cutting-edge... mehr

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    This paper describes the results of an international initiative on trust (Trustlab) run in six OECD countries between November 2016 and November 2017 (France, Germany, Italy, Korea, Slovenia and the United States). Trustlab combines cutting-edge techniques drawn from behavioural science and experimental economics with an extensive survey on the policy and contextual determinants of trust in others and trust in institutions, administered to representative samples of participants. The main results are as follows: 1) Self-reported measures of trust in institutions are validated experimentally, 2) Self-reported measures of trust in others capture a belief about trustworthiness (as well as altruistic preferences), whereas experimental measures rather capture willingness to cooperate and one’s own trustworthiness. Therefore, both measures are loosely related, and should be considered complementary rather than substitutes; 3) Perceptions of institutional performance strongly correlate with both trust in government and trust in others; 4) Perceived government integrity is the strongest determinant of trust in government; 5) In addition to indicators associated with social capital, such as neighbourhood connectedness and attitudes towards immigration, perceived satisfaction with public services, social preferences and expectations matter for trust in others; 6) There is a large scope for policy action, as an increase in all significant determinants of trust in government by one standard deviation may be conducive to an increase in trust by 30 to 60%.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2018, 2
    Schlagworte: Vertrauen; Spieltheorie; Experiment; Frankreich; Deutschland; Italien; Südkorea; Slowenien; USA; Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 75 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The economy of well-being
    creating opportunities for people’s well-being and economic growth
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris, France

    As well-being has matured as a statistical and measurement agenda, it has become increasingly relevant as a “compass” for policy, with a growing number of countries using well-being metrics to guide decision-making and inform budgetary processes. One... mehr

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    As well-being has matured as a statistical and measurement agenda, it has become increasingly relevant as a “compass” for policy, with a growing number of countries using well-being metrics to guide decision-making and inform budgetary processes. One remaining challenge has consisted in providing policy-makers with a better understanding of the linkages between the drivers of well-being and economic growth. This paper develops the concept of an “Economy of Well-being” as a basis for highlighting these linkages and showing how policy can most effectively leverage them. The paper defines an economy of well-being around the idea of a “virtuous circle” in which individual well-being and long-term economic growth are mutually reinforcing. It also explores the characteristics of an economy of well-being and the conditions under which it can be sustained. Secondly, based on a survey of existing empirical evidence, the paper contributes to outline how economies of well-being can be built. It provides analysis of several important channels through which economic growth and well-being support and reinforce one another, focusing on the multidimensional impact of policies in four areas that research has shown to be important for well-being: Education and Skills; Health; Social Protection and Redistribution; and Gender Equality.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2019, 2
    Schlagworte: Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Inequalities in emerging economies
    informing the policy dialogue on inclusive growth
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    The paper describes inequality trends in selected emerging economies (Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa) in a range of monetary (i.e. income) and non-monetary dimensions of people’s life (i.e. education, health... mehr

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    The paper describes inequality trends in selected emerging economies (Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa) in a range of monetary (i.e. income) and non-monetary dimensions of people’s life (i.e. education, health status, employment and subjective well-being). Inequalities are analysed not only in terms of overall dispersion, but also as gaps between population groups defined by specific characteristics (i.e. sex, age, educational attainment and place of living). To the extent made possible by the nature of available data, measures of income inequality for these emerging countries, as well as for 7 Latin American countries (Bolivia, Dominic Republic, Ecuador, Panama, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay), are based on concepts and definitions similar to those used by the OECD for its member countries. All the emerging economies covered in the paper show levels of income inequality higher than in the five most unequal OECD countries, while the picture is more mixed when it comes to inequalities in other dimensions of people’s well-being. An annex complements the analysis by presenting an assessment of the quality of the available data on income distribution for the emerging countries covered in the paper.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2018, 13
    Schlagworte: Soziale Ungleichheit; Armut; Lebensqualität; Datenbank; Schwellenländer; Brasilien; Kolumbien; Costa Rica; China; Indien; Indonesien; Südafrika; Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 128 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Walking the tightrope
    avoiding a lockdown while containing the virus
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  OECD, Paris, France

    Empirical work described in this paper explains the daily evolution of the reproduction rate, R, and mobility for a large sample of countries, in terms of containment and public health policies. This is with a view to providing insight into the... mehr

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    Empirical work described in this paper explains the daily evolution of the reproduction rate, R, and mobility for a large sample of countries, in terms of containment and public health policies. This is with a view to providing insight into the appropriate policy stance as countries prepare for a potentially protracted period characterised by new infection waves. While a comprehensive package of containment measures may be necessary when the virus is widespread and can have a large effect on reducing R, they also have effect on mobility and, by extension, economic activity. A wide-ranging package of public health policies – with an emphasis on comprehensive testing, tracing and isolation, but also including mask-wearing and policies directed at vulnerable groups, especially those in care homes – offer the best approach to avoiding a full lockdown while containing the spread of the virus. Such policies may, however, need to be complemented by selective containment measures (such as restricting large public events and international travel or localised lockdowns) both to contain local outbreaks and because implementing some of the recommended public health policies may be difficult to achieve or have unacceptable social costs.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; no. 1633
    Schlagworte: Covid-19; lockdown; non-pharmaceutical interventions; mobility; Economics
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  21. Improving education quality in South Africa
    Autor*in: Murtin, Fabrice
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  OECD, Economics Dep., Paris

    South Africa has achieved remarkable progress in educational attainment relative to other emerging countries, but the quality of basic education for a large fraction of the Black African population is still very low. This study identifies several... mehr

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    South Africa has achieved remarkable progress in educational attainment relative to other emerging countries, but the quality of basic education for a large fraction of the Black African population is still very low. This study identifies several hurdles to the upgrading of basic education quality, such as the lack of investment in school infrastructure and learning materials in disadvantaged areas, uneven administrative capacity at the local level, low teacher quality and poor teaching of English among Black Africans. Bold action is recommended to empower schools with more physical resources, more competent school leadership and an accountable teacher workforce. Skill mismatches of supply and demand on the labour market may be further addressed by vocational education reforms and an alleviation of credit constraints at the tertiary level.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; 1056
    Schlagworte: Bildungsabschluss; Südafrika; Education; Economics; South Africa
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  22. Inequalities in longevity by education in OECD countries
    insights from new OECD estimates
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    This paper assesses inequality in longevity across education and gender groups in 23 OECD countries around 2011. Data on mortality rates by age, gender, educationals attainment and for, 17 countries, cause of death, were collected from national... mehr

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    This paper assesses inequality in longevity across education and gender groups in 23 OECD countries around 2011. Data on mortality rates by age, gender, educationals attainment and for, 17 countries, cause of death, were collected from national sources, with similar treatment applied to all countries in order to derive comparable measures of longevity at age 25 and 65 by gender and education. These estimates show that, on average, the gap in life expectancy between high and low-educationed people is 8 years for men and 5 years for women at age 25 years, and 3.5 years for men and 2.5 years for women at age 65. Other measures of inequalities in longevity by education (such as country averages of age-standardised mortality rates and the slope index of inequality) do not significantly change the inequality ranking of countries relative to one based on life expectancy measures. While significant, differences in longevity between groups with low and high educational attainment account, on average, for around 10% of overall differences in ages of death. Cardio-vascular diseases are the first cause of death for all gender and education groups after age 65 years, and the first cause of mortality inequality between the high and low-education elderly.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2017, 02
    Schlagworte: Sterblichkeit; Gesundheit; Soziale Ungleichheit; Bildung; OECD-Staaten; Social Issues/Migration/Health
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 83 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. The drivers of public health spending
    integrating policies and institutions
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    This paper investigates the impact of policies and institutions on health expenditures for a large panel of OECD countries for the period 2000-10. We use a set of 20 policy and institutional indicators developed by the OECD characterising the main... mehr

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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    This paper investigates the impact of policies and institutions on health expenditures for a large panel of OECD countries for the period 2000-10. We use a set of 20 policy and institutional indicators developed by the OECD characterising the main supply-side, demand-side, and public management, coordination and financing features of health systems. The impact of these indicators is tested alongside control variables related to demographic (dependency ratio) and non-demographic (income, prices and technology) drivers of health expenditures per capita. Overall, there is a reasonably good fit between the expected signs of the coefficients for the institutional indicators and the actual estimates. By integrating the role of policies and institutions, together with the other primary determinants, our analysis is able to explain most of the cross-country variation in public health expenditures.

     

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
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    Schriftenreihe: OECD Economics Department working papers ; no. 1283
    Schlagworte: Gesundheitspolitik; Gesundheitswesen; Gesundheitskosten; Bevölkerungsentwicklung; Bewertung; Vergleich; OECD-Staaten; Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Where is inclusive growth happening?
    mapping multidimensional living standards in OECD regions
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    This paper applies the Inclusive Growth framework to the OECD Regional Well-being Database in order to compute multidimensional living standards (MDLS) among OECD regions from the early 2000s to 2012. MDLS are based on the equivalent income approach,... mehr

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    Resolving-System (lizenzpflichtig)
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    This paper applies the Inclusive Growth framework to the OECD Regional Well-being Database in order to compute multidimensional living standards (MDLS) among OECD regions from the early 2000s to 2012. MDLS are based on the equivalent income approach, where, for different income groups, the monetised value of health status and unemployment are added to disposable income and aggregated with a generalised mean function to allow inequality to be taken into account. Results highlight that, due to the spatial concentration of good and bad outcomes, regional disparities are amplified when observed through the lens of MDLS as opposed to income-based regional disparities. The paper also shows that people living in metropolitan regions experienced, on average, higher levels of MDLS but also a sharper decline during the economic crisis. Growth of MDLS in metropolitan regions during this period was characterised by a higher contribution of life expectancy and a lower contribution of income inequality with respect to the other regions.

     

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
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    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2016, 01
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftswachstum; Soziale Integration; Lebensstandard; OECD-Staaten; Economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), graph. Darst.
  25. Big data measures of well-being
    evidence from a Google well-being index in the United States

    We build an indicator of individual subjective well-being in the United States based on Google Trends. The indicator is a combination of keyword groups that are endogenously identified to fit with the weekly time-series of subjective well-being... mehr

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    Resolving-System (lizenzpflichtig)
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    We build an indicator of individual subjective well-being in the United States based on Google Trends. The indicator is a combination of keyword groups that are endogenously identified to fit with the weekly time-series of subjective well-being measures disseminated by Gallup Analytics. We find that keywords associated with job search, financial security, family life and leisure are the strongest predictors of the variations in subjective well-being. The model successfully predicts the out-of-sample evolution of most subjective well-being measures at a one-year horizon.

     

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: OECD statistics working papers ; 2016, 03
    Schlagworte: Zufriedenheit; Sozialer Indikator; Suchmaschine; Webanalyse; USA; Employment; Economics; United States
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), graph. Darst.