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  1. Do non-tariff barriers to trade save American jobs and wages?
    Autor*in: Leonardi, Marco; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: March 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Before the recent rebound due to the US-China trade war, tariffs on international trade were being progressively reduced over the last decades and advanced countries increasingly relied on non-tariff measures (NTMs) to protect their industries from... mehr

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    Before the recent rebound due to the US-China trade war, tariffs on international trade were being progressively reduced over the last decades and advanced countries increasingly relied on non-tariff measures (NTMs) to protect their industries from foreign competition. In this paper, we exploit a novel database on NTMs to test their role in shaping the labour market effects of exposure to Chinese import competition over the 2000-2015 period. We relate changes in manufacturing employment to the share of employed workers protected by NTMs across US local labour markets and we instrument NTMs using the industry share of employment in swing states during presidential elections. Our results indicate that NTMs mitigate the negative employment effect of exposure to Chinese imports and have a positive effect on manufacturing wages (especially for the unskilled).

     
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    hdl: 10419/232914
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14162
    Schlagworte: import competition; non-tariff barriers; labour market; Chinese imports
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Impact of early childcare on immigrant children's educational performance
    Autor*in: Corazzini, Luca; Meschi, Elena; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Università degli studi di Milano Bicocca, Dipartimento di economia, metodi quantitativi e strategia di imprese, [Mailand]

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    Schriftenreihe: CefES paper series ; no 452 (October 2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The effect of immigrant peers in vocational schools
    Autor*in: Frattini, Tommaso; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: 07 November 2018
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Centre for Economic Policy Research ; DP13305
    Umfang: 47 Seiten, Illustrationen
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  4. Impact of early childcare on immigrant children's educational performance
    Autor*in: Corazzini, Luca; Meschi, Elena; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Italy

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Department of Economics ; 2019, no. 24
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. The impact of working conditions on mental health
    novel evidence from the UK
    Autor*in: Belloni, Michele; Carrino, Ludovico; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Departimento di economia, metodi quantitativi e strategia di impresa, Università degli studi Milano-Bicocca, [Mailand]

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    Schriftenreihe: CefES paper series ; no. 487 (January 2022)
    Schlagworte: mental health; working conditions; job demand; job control
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The impact of working conditions on mental health
    novel evidence from the UK
    Autor*in: Belloni, Michele; Carrino, Ludovico; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Università degli studi di Torino, Department of Economics and Statistics “Cognetti de Martiis”, Torino (Italy)

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Dipartimento economia e statistica Cognetti de Martiis ; 22, 02
    Schlagworte: mental health; working conditions; job demand; job control
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. The impact of working conditions onmental health
    novel evidence from the UK
    Autor*in: Belloni, Michele; Carrino, Ludovico; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This paper investigates the causal impact of working conditions on mental health in the UK, combining new comprehensive longitudinal data on working conditions from the European Working Condition Survey with microdata from the UK Household... mehr

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    This paper investigates the causal impact of working conditions on mental health in the UK, combining new comprehensive longitudinal data on working conditions from the European Working Condition Survey with microdata from the UK Household Longitudinal Survey (Understanding Society). Our empirical strategy accounts for the endogenous sorting of individuals into occupations by including individual fixed effects. It addresses the potential endogeneity of occupational change over time by focusing only on individuals who remain in the same occupation (same ISCO), exploiting the variation in working conditions within each occupation over time. This variation, determined primarily by general macroeconomic conditions, is likely to be exogenous from the individual point of view. Our results indicate that improvements in working conditions have a beneficial, statistically significant, and clinically meaningful impact on depressive symptoms for women. A one standard deviation increase in the skills and discretion index reduces depression score by 2.84 points, which corresponds to approximately 20% of the GHQ score standard deviation, while a one standard deviation increase in working time quality reduces depression score by 0.97 points. The results differ by age: improvements in skills and discretion benefit younger workers (through increases in decision latitude and training) and older workers (through higher cognitive roles), as do improvements in working time quality; changes in work intensity and physical environment affect only younger and older workers, respectively. Each aspect of job quality impacts different dimensions of mental health. Specifically, skills and discretion primarily affect the loss of confidence and anxiety; working time quality impacts anxiety and social dysfunction; work intensity affects the feeling of social dysfunction among young female workers. Finally, we show that improvements in levels of job control (higher skills and discretion) and job demand (lower intensity) lead to greater health benefits, especially for occupations that are inherently characterised by higher job strain.

     
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    hdl: 10419/249348
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1039
    Schlagworte: mental health,; working conditions; job demand; job control
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The impact of working conditions on mental health
    novel evidence from the UK
    Autor*in: Belloni, Michele; Carrino, Ludovico; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Netspar, Network for Studies on Pensions, Aging and Retirement, [Tilburg]

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2022, 003 (01)
    Schlagworte: mental health; working conditions; job demand; job control
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Ability composition in the class and the school performance of immigrant students
    Autor*in: Meschi, Elena; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Using longitudinal data from the Italian National Institute for the Evaluation of the Education System (INVALSI), this paper investigates whether the ability of classmates affects the educational attainment of immigrant students. We focus not only on... mehr

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    Using longitudinal data from the Italian National Institute for the Evaluation of the Education System (INVALSI), this paper investigates whether the ability of classmates affects the educational attainment of immigrant students. We focus not only on the average quality of peers in the class, but we further investigate which part of the ability distribution of peers drives the effect, by assessing the role played by the extreme tails of the ability distribution. Our empirical strategy addresses students' endogenous sorting into classes by exploiting the within-student across-subjects variation in achievements and the simultaneity problem by using predetermined measures of peers' ability. We show that peers' ability matters. While native students are mostly influenced by the average quality of their peers, immigrant children are detrimentally affected by the fraction of very low achievers in the classroom. Our findings provide valuable guidance to policymakers concerning the allocation of students to classes in order to foster immigrant students' integration and learning.

     
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    hdl: 10419/268268
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1225
    Schlagworte: Peer effects; Immigrant students; Education
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Ability composition in the class and the school performance of immigrant students
    Autor*in: Meschi, Elena; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: January 2023
    Verlag:  ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Using longitudinal data from the Italian National Institute for the Evaluation of the Education System (INVALSI), this paper investigates whether the ability of classmates affects the educational attainment of immigrant students. We focus not only on... mehr

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    Using longitudinal data from the Italian National Institute for the Evaluation of the Education System (INVALSI), this paper investigates whether the ability of classmates affects the educational attainment of immigrant students. We focus not only on the average quality of peers in the class, but we further investigate which part of the ability distribution of peers drives the effect, by assessing the role played by the extreme tails of the ability distribution. Our empirical strategy addresses students' endogenous sorting into classes by exploiting the within-student across-subjects variation in achievements and the simultaneity problem by using predetermined measures of peers' ability. We show that peers' ability matters. While native students are mostly influenced by the average quality of their peers, immigrant children are detrimentally affected by the fraction of very low achievers in the classroom. Our findings provide valuable guidance to policymakers concerning the allocation of students to classes in order to foster immigrant students' integration and learning.

     
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    hdl: 10419/268710
    Schriftenreihe: Ifo working papers ; 388 (2023)
    Schlagworte: Peer effects; immigrant students; education
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Impact of early childcare on immigrant children's educational performance
    Autor*in: Corazzini, Luca; Meschi, Elena; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This paper investigates the impact of attending early childcare on second generation immigrant children's cognitive outcomes. Our analysis draws on administrative data on the entire population of students in fifth grade collected by the Italian... mehr

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    This paper investigates the impact of attending early childcare on second generation immigrant children's cognitive outcomes. Our analysis draws on administrative data on the entire population of students in fifth grade collected by the Italian Institute for the Evaluation of the Educational System (INVALSI) for school years 2014/2015 to 2016/2017 matched to unique administrative records on the early childcare public available slots at the municipal level. Our identification strategy exploits cross-sectional and time series variation in the provision of early childcare service across Italian municipalities as an instrument for individual early childcare attendance. Our results point out that the effect of early childcare attendance differs between native and immigrant children. Although we find no effects for Italian children, our estimates show a positive and significant effect on literacy test scores for immigrant children of low educated mothers, which suggests that early childcare may be particularly relevant for immigrant children from a disadvantaged background.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 394
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The effect of immigrant peers in vocational schools
    Autor*in: Frattini, Tommaso; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: September 2017
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    This paper provides new evidence on how the presence of immigrant peers in the classroom affects native student achievement. The analysis is based on longitudinal administrative data on two cohorts of vocational training students in Italy's largest... mehr

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    This paper provides new evidence on how the presence of immigrant peers in the classroom affects native student achievement. The analysis is based on longitudinal administrative data on two cohorts of vocational training students in Italy's largest region. Vocational training institutions provide the ideal setting for studying these effects because they attract not only disproportionately high shares of immigrants but also the lowest ability native students. We adopt a value added model, and exploit within-school variation both within and across cohorts for identification. Our results show small negative average effects on maths test scores that are larger for low ability native students, strongly non-linear and only observable in classes with a high (top 20%) immigrant concentration. These outcomes are driven by classes with a high average linguistic distance between immigrants and natives, with no apparent role played by ethnic diversity.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / IZA ; no. 11027
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The effect of immigrant peers in vocational school
    Autor*in: Frattini, Tommaso; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: September 2017
    Verlag:  Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano, [Milano]

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    Schriftenreihe: Development studies working papers / Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano ; n. 430
    Schlagworte: Immigration; Education; Peer effects; Linguistic distance; Ethnic diversity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The effect of immigrant peers in vocational schools
    Autor*in: Frattini, Tommaso; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: September 2017
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Italy

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Department of Economics ; 2017, no. 20
    Schlagworte: Immigration; education; peer effects; vocational training; language
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Parents' basic skills and children cognitive outcomes
    Autor*in: Coulon, Augustin de; Meschi, Elena; Vignoles, Anna
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  CEE, London

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    Schriftenreihe: CEE discussion papers ; 104
    Schlagworte: Bildungsniveau; Analphabetismus; Eltern; Kognition; Bildungsertrag; Kinder; Ukraine (West)
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 25 S.)
  16. Post-16 educational choices and institutional value added at key stage 5
    Autor*in: Crawford, Claire; Meschi, Elena; Vignoles, Anna
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  CEE, London

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    Schriftenreihe: CEE discussion papers ; 124
    Schlagworte: Bildungswesen; Berufsbildungspolitik; Studium; Großbritannien
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 62 S.), graph. Darst.
  17. The relative importance of local labour market conditions and pupil attainment on post-compulsory schooling decisions
    Autor*in: Meschi, Elena; Swaffield, Joanna K.; Vignoles, Anna
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    This paper assesses the relative importance of local labour market conditions and pupil educational attainment as primary determinants of the post-compulsory schooling decision. Using a nested logit model we formally incorporate the structured and... mehr

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    This paper assesses the relative importance of local labour market conditions and pupil educational attainment as primary determinants of the post-compulsory schooling decision. Using a nested logit model we formally incorporate the structured and sequential decision process pupils engage with. Our findings show that, on average, the key drivers of the schooling decision are pupil educational attainment and parental aspirations rather than local labour market conditions. However, there is some evidence that higher local unemployment rates encourage males to invest in education, and that interactions with educational attainment suggest local labour market conditions impact heterogeneously across the pupil population. -- post-compulsory education ; local labour markets ; parental aspirations ; educational attainment ; nested logit

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 6143
    Schlagworte: Bildungsverhalten; Bildungsniveau; Regionaler Arbeitsmarkt; Familiensoziologie; Schätzung; Großbritannien
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 48 S., 617,88 KB), graph. Darst.
  18. Institutional reforms and educational attainment in Europe
    a long run perspective
    Autor*in: Braga, Michela; Checchi, Daniele; Meschi, Elena
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    In this paper we analyse the effects of changes in the institutional design of the educational system on school attainment. In particular, we test whether alternative reforms have increased the average educational attainment of the population and... mehr

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    In this paper we analyse the effects of changes in the institutional design of the educational system on school attainment. In particular, we test whether alternative reforms have increased the average educational attainment of the population and whether various deciles of the education distribution have been differentially affected. We constructed a dataset of relevant reforms occurred at the national level over the last century, and match individual information to the most likely set-up faced when individual educational choices were undertaken. Thus our identification strategy relies on temporal and geographical variations in the institutional arrangements, controlling for time/country fixed effects, as well as for confounding factors. We also explore who are the individual most likely affected by the reforms. We also group different reforms in order to ascertain the prevailing attitudes of policy makers, showing that reforms can belong to either "inclusive" or "selective" in their nature. Finally we correlate these attitudes to political coalitions prevailing in parliament, finding support to the idea that left wing parties support reforms that are inclusive in nature, while right wing parties prefer selective ones. -- education ; institutions ; reform ; family background

     
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    hdl: 10419/58489
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 6190
    Schlagworte: Bildungsreform; Institutioneller Wandel; Bildungsverhalten; Bildungsniveau; Europa
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 66 S., 615,47 KB), graph. Darst.
  19. Trade, technology and skills
    evidence from Turkish microdata
    Autor*in: Meschi, Elena; Taymaz, Erol; Vivarelli, Marco
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Univ. [u.a.], Jena

    In this paper we report evidence on the relationship between trade openness, technology adoption and the relative demand for skilled labour in the Turkish manufacturing sector, using firm level data over the period 1980-2001. In a dynamic panel data... mehr

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    In this paper we report evidence on the relationship between trade openness, technology adoption and the relative demand for skilled labour in the Turkish manufacturing sector, using firm level data over the period 1980-2001. In a dynamic panel data setting, using a unique database comprising data from 17,462 firms, we estimate an augmented cost share equation whereby the wage bill share of skilled workers in a given firm is related to international exposure and technology adoption. Both at the sectoral and firm level, it emerged that R&D expenditures are positive and significantly related to skill upgrading. This result supports the skill biased technological change argument in the case of a middle-income country such as Turkey. Moreover, the sectoral analysis revealed that increasing export towards more industrialised countries (mainly the E.U.) tends to shift the production toward less skill-intensive activities. While this result is consistent with the HOSS theorem, on the other hand import penetration from more developed countries turns out to facilitate the adoption of new technologies embodied in capital and intermediate goods, thus shifting the production toward more skill-intensive technologies. This result is confirmed by the firm level analysis that finds a positive impact of technological transfer from abroad, foreign ownership and export on the demand for skills, highlighting the role of increasing globalisation in fostering skill upgrading within firms. Our microdata also allowed us to investigate the direct impact of import flows in shaping the relative demand for skills. The results showed that those firms belonging to the sectors that most raised their inputs from more developed countries also experienced a higher increase in their labour cost share of skilled workers. This finding is a further support to the hypothesis that imports from industrialised countries imply a transfer of new technologies, in turn leading to a higher demand for skilled labour. -- globalization ; technology transfer ; skills ; panel data ; GMM-SYS

     
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    hdl: 10419/32615
    Schriftenreihe: Jena economic research papers ; 2009,097
    Schlagworte: Industrie; Arbeitsnachfrage; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte; Handelsliberalisierung; Technologietransfer; Globalisierung; Technischer Fortschritt; Qualifikation; Türkei
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (38 S.)
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  20. Globalization, technological change and labor demand
    a firm level analysis for Turkey
    Autor*in: Meschi, Elena; Taymaz, Erol; Vivarelli, Marco
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    This paper studies the interlinked relationship between globalization and technological upgrading in affecting employment and wages of skilled and unskilled workers in a middle income developing country. It exploits a unique longitudinal firm‐level... mehr

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    This paper studies the interlinked relationship between globalization and technological upgrading in affecting employment and wages of skilled and unskilled workers in a middle income developing country. It exploits a unique longitudinal firm‐level database that covers all manufacturing firms in Turkey over the 1992‐2001 period. Turkey is taken as an example of a developing economy that, in that period, had been technologically advancing and becoming increasingly integrated with the world market. The empirical analysis is performed at firm level within a dynamic framework using a 2+2 equations model that depicts the employment and wage trends for skilled and unskilled workers separately. In particular, the System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM‐SYS) procedure is applied to a panel dataset of about 15,000 firms. Our results confirm the theoretical expectation that developing countries face the phenomena of skill-biased technological change and skill‐enhancing trade, both leading to increasing the employment and wage gap between skilled and unskilled workers. In particular, a strong evidence of a relative skill bias emerges: both domestic and imported technologies increase the relative demand for skilled workers more than the demand for the unskilled. "Learning by exporting" also appears to have a relative skill biased impact, while FDI imply an absolute skill bias.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/124957
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 9453
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (23 S.), graph. Darst.
  21. Measurement error in occupational coding
    an analysis on SHARE data
    Autor*in: Belloni, Michele; Brugiavini, Agar; Meschi, Elena; Tijdens, Kea Gartje
    Erschienen: [2014]
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Italy

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Department of Economics ; 2014, no. 24
    Schlagworte: occupation; ISCO; disagreement rate; coding software; gender; education
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The effect on mental health of retiring during the economic crisis
    Autor*in: Antonova, Liudmila; Belloni, Michele; Meschi, Elena; Pasini, Giacomo
    Erschienen: [2015]
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, Venice Italy

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Department of Economics ; 2015, no. 10
    Schlagworte: depression; stress; retirement; crisis
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Globalisation, technology and the labour market
    a microeconometric analysis for Turkey
    Autor*in: Meschi, Elena; Taymaz, Erol; Vivarelli, Marco
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU‐MERIT), Maastricht, the Netherlands

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / United Nations University, UNU-MERIT ; #2016, 026
    Schlagworte: Skill-biased technological change; international technology transfer; GMM-SYS
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen