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  1. Regional low-emission pathways from global models
    Autor*in: Soest, Heleen van; Reis, Lara Aleluia; Vuuren, Detlef P. van; Bertram, Christoph; Drouet, Laurent; Jewell, Jessica; Kriegler, Elmar; Luderer, Gunnar G.; Riahi, Keywan; Rogelj, Joeri; Tavoni, Massimo; Elzen, Michel G. J. den; Awasthy, Aayushi; Calvin, Katherine; Capros, Pantelis; Clarke, Leon; Colombier, Michel; Teng, Fei; Garg, Amit; Guedes, Fernanda; Imperio, Mariana; Kainuma, Mikiko; Jiang, Kejun; Köberle, Alexandre C.; Kolp, Peter; Krey, Volker; Kitous, Alban; Leonidas, Paroussos; Lucena, André F. P.; Masui, Toshihiko; Nogueira, Larissa; Pierfederici, Roberta; Saveyn, Bert; Schaeffer, Roberto; Fu, Sha; Shoai, Bianka; Shukla, Pryadarshi R.; Spencer, Thomas; Szklo, Alexandre Salem; Waisman, Henri
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei, Milano

    Governments worldwide have agreed that international climate policy should aim to limit the increase of global mean temperature to less than 2oC with respect to pre-industrial levels. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the emission reductions... mehr

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 125 (110)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Governments worldwide have agreed that international climate policy should aim to limit the increase of global mean temperature to less than 2oC with respect to pre-industrial levels. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the emission reductions and related energy system changes in various countries in pathways consistent with the 2oC target. We synthesize and provide an overview of the national and regional information contained in different scenarios from various global models published over the last few years, as well as yet unpublished scenarios submitted by modelling teams participating in the MILES project (Modelling and Informing Low-Emission Strategies). We find that emissions in the mitigation scenarios are significantly reduced in all regions compared to the baseline without climate policies. The regional cumulative CO2 emissions show on average a 76% reduction between the baseline and 450 scenario. The 450 scenarios show a reduction of primary energy demand in all countries of roughly 30-40% compared to the baseline. In the baseline scenario, the contribution of low-carbon energy technology remains around 15%, i.e. similar as today. In the mitigation scenario, these numbers are scaled up rapidly towards 2050. Looking at air quality, sulphur dioxide and black carbon emissions are strongly reduced as a co-benefit of greenhouse gas emission reductions, in both developing and developed countries. However, black carbon emissions increase in countries that strongly rely on bioenergy to reach mitigation targets. Concerning energy security, energy importing countries generally experience a decrease in net-energy imports in mitigation scenarios compared to the baseline development, while energy exporters experience a loss of energy export revenues.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/130291
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 110.2015
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Green fiscal reform for a just energy transition in Latin America
    Autor*in: Jakob, Michael; Soria, Rafael; Trinidad Alvarado, Carlos; Edenhofer, Ottmar; Bak, Céline; Bouille, Daniel; Buira, Daniel; Carlino, Hernan; Gutman, Veronica; Hübner, Christian; Knopf, Brigitte; Lucena, André F. P.; Silva, Luan Carlos Santos; Scott, Andrew; Steckel, Jan Christoph; Tanaka, Kanako; Vogt-Schilb, Adrien; Yamada, Koichi
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  Kiel Institute for the World Economy, Kiel

    Green fiscal reforms would contribute to climate change mitigation, increase the economic efficiency of national tax systems and provide additional public revenues. Some countries in Latin America have already taken first steps towards green fiscal... mehr

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 112
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Green fiscal reforms would contribute to climate change mitigation, increase the economic efficiency of national tax systems and provide additional public revenues. Some countries in Latin America have already taken first steps towards green fiscal reforms. This paper provides an overview of the major challenges for the successful implementation of such reforms and discusses how they could be overcome. The authors first discuss the role of country-specific economic and political enabling conditions that need to be in place for successful implementation for green successful reforms. Second, they emphasize the importance of comprehensive reform plans that include all relevant ministries and agencies and are well-aligned with other policy objectives, such as energy security and industrial development. Third, they highlight how appropriate sequencing and gradualism could lower implementation costs and hence increase the political feasibility of green fiscal reforms. Finally, the authors analyze the potential impacts of green fiscal reforms on the distribution of income and discuss transfer schemes that could avoid adverse outcomes for the poorest parts of the population. They use these four dimensions to illustrate why recent reform efforts in selected Latin American countries have been successful or have failed, respectively.

     
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    46
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/191893
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 2018, 86 (December 17, 2018)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 12 Seiten), Illustrationen