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  1. O Plano Marshall: uma abordagem atual à formulação, ao desenho e à coordenação de políticas públicas e programas governamentais
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: junho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This working paper investigates the Marshall Plan from an unprecedented angle: that of strategy formulation, policy design, and the coordination of policy implementation. Through an in-depth case study, the Marshall Plan proves to be a far-reaching... mehr

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    This working paper investigates the Marshall Plan from an unprecedented angle: that of strategy formulation, policy design, and the coordination of policy implementation. Through an in-depth case study, the Marshall Plan proves to be a far-reaching experience that still brings to light chronic and crucial problems for those interested in ex ante policy analysis. The conclusion is that the plan can be reinterpreted as an approach to complex and multi-causal problems (wicked problems) in search of building integrated solutions and government action as coordinated as possible. The approach consists of striving for strategic definitions centered on the correct choice of priority problems and the identification of their causal chain. Around these definitions, the policy design seeks to balance short-term responses with attention to long-term causes. Such assumptions precede issues such as, for example, the efficient budget allocation and the optimization of administrative and regulatory resources - concerns which are more focused on consequences than on root causes. With these preliminaries guaranteed, the policy design establishes a policy governance with due command and central control over the strategy, but with managerial autonomy over the programs. It leaves an open part of the process of formulating alternatives so that they adjust to a decentralized and capillarized implementation, with a technical cooperation network that remains close to the street-level bureaucracy.

     
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    hdl: 10419/240855
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2661
    Schlagworte: Marshall Plan; policy design; ex ante analysis of public policies; economic history; political economy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten)
  2. O Making of de uma grande política pública
    estratégia, planejamento e apoio à decisão na construção do Plano Marshall
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: março de 2022
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This working paper discusses how decision support can contribute to the formulation of public policies to achieve greater consistency and coherence. If decision support fulfills its role, it is assumed that this favors the design of more efficient... mehr

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    This working paper discusses how decision support can contribute to the formulation of public policies to achieve greater consistency and coherence. If decision support fulfills its role, it is assumed that this favors the design of more efficient and effective government programs. In order to investigate these issues in detail, the analysis reconstructs the making of the Marshall Plan, which is considered the greatest and most complex plan ever developed since the twentieth century. Combining in-depth case study methodology, microhistory, and implementation science, the analysis concludes that the presence or absence of strategic formulation, decision support, and implementation planning is part of the "big bang" of policies and programs and determines their trajectories. The conclusions suggest that the reinforcement of the strategic role of decision support advisory staff have practical and concrete effects in defining the theory of change and the scope of intervention, and not the details of the operationalization of specific solutions. The study presents the open method of coordination, used by the New Deal and reproduced in the European Recovery Program, and recommends its use as a policy-making practice targeting greater strategic robustness and programs with proper managerial autonomy. The analysis confronts the crucial issue of the influence of interest groups in policy making. This is something inherent to the democratic process and to the role of the State as a broker. The challenge is to be better equipped to face the risk of capture by predatory interests. This major problem remains badly solved by the more traditional literature on public policy that has served as the bedside book for most policymakers. At the end, we show some documents that remained secret for fifty years. They expose the backstage decision support for the formulation of the Marshall Plan and exemplify, in practice, the strategic role that top-level advisors can play.

     
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    hdl: 10419/265266
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2747
    Schlagworte: Marshall Plan; policy design; ex ante analysis of public policies; economic history; political economy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 146 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Sistemas e ciclos de monitoramento e avaliação
    recomendações da análise ex ante de políticas públicas e de programas governamentais
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: março de 2023
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The ex ante analysis aims, among other aspects, to formulate public policies and design government programs that are born ready to be monitored and evaluated. Evidence-based policies and programs may be improved only if each step taken by public... mehr

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    The ex ante analysis aims, among other aspects, to formulate public policies and design government programs that are born ready to be monitored and evaluated. Evidence-based policies and programs may be improved only if each step taken by public action leaves some traces for the monitoring of inputs, processes, and outputs. In the long run, the monitoring system must leave clues that can be used to identify the results and impacts of the policy or program that have been sedimented along the way. This Discussion Paper complements the previous Ex Ante Analysis of Public Policies: theoretical-conceptual foundations and methodological guidelines for practical purposes (Discussion Paper, n. 2817). While that previous study details and guides the use of theoretical references and serves as a methodological guide for the ex ante analysis, this work is devoted to exploring how to design and implement monitoring and evaluation systems and cycles. This paper encourages the emergence of a community of experts on guidance and facilitating activities aimed at ex ante analysis. This qualification is essential for crafting policies and programs to demonstrate their raison d'être to the public and their biggest and best benefits to society.

     
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    hdl: 10419/284914
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2858
    Schlagworte: Ex ante analysis of public policies; formulation; implementation; monitoring; evaluation; microeconomic public policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Estruturas ministeriais comparadas
    uma análise preliminar sobre a trajetória de ministérios em 21 países (1990-2020)
    Autor*in: Gomes, Silvana Santos; Silveira, Luciana Dutra de Oliveira; Borges, Jaqueline da Silva; Silva, Noëlle da; Pompeu, João Cláudio Basso; Fonseca, Igor Ferraz da; Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: fevereiro de 2022
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    Ministries are government structures that are located at the intersection between cycles of public policies, political party relations and the organizational design of direct public administration. Despite their relevance, the trajectory of the... mehr

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    DS 194
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    Ministries are government structures that are located at the intersection between cycles of public policies, political party relations and the organizational design of direct public administration. Despite their relevance, the trajectory of the ministries over time is poorly understood, with an explanatory gap persisting as to the factors that lead to the creation, stability, transformation and extinction of these structures. Faced with this gap, this Discussion Paper sought to address the following central question: is there an underlying pattern to the trajectory of ministerial structures in different countries? To this end, a comparative analysis of the trajectories of ministries pertaining to 21 countries over a period of thirty years (1990-2020) was undertaken, with the aim of capturing convergent and divergent dynamics in view of the political systems of the countries studied and the thematic areas of the ministries. Preliminary findings indicate that ministries are strongly prone to stability regardless of the political system of the country in question, while changes in competence are the most frequent category of transformation. In addition, the longest running ministries are those with thematic areas related to the structuring activities of the State, such as justice and foreign affairs

     
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    hdl: 10419/261057
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2742
    Schlagworte: ministry structures; administrative organization; institutional trajectory; comparative analysis
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Análise ex ante de políticas públicas
    fundamentos teórico-conceituais e orientações metodológicas para a sua aplicação prática
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: novembro de 2022
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    When governments launch policies or programs without any prior analysis, with unclear objectives, undefined or unjustifiable public selection, poorly conceptualized interventions, fragmented and often contradictory actions, without indicators and... mehr

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    When governments launch policies or programs without any prior analysis, with unclear objectives, undefined or unjustifiable public selection, poorly conceptualized interventions, fragmented and often contradictory actions, without indicators and targets, and with insufficient inputs (small and poorly trained teams; reduced budget, and intermittent flow of resources), the chance that anything goes right is zero. The ex-ante analysis is an examination that seeks to identify inconsistencies and incoherences and fill in some of these gaps with answers and recommendations. This true existential void of many policies and programs that always had or have acquired difficulties in answering who are we, where do we come from and where are we going to makes ex-ante analysis more necessary than ever. The ex-ante analysis is an approach with a very specific methodology and is still mastered by a few people. The main purpose of this working paper is to detail and clarify the references and, more precisely, the ex-ante analysis methodology, in order to make it increasingly user-friendly, practical, applied, and in the public domain. The paper provides a roadmap to leaders, policymakers, program designers, public managers, advisors, consultants, and the public. If they gain fluency in ex-ante's grammar, they will be more assertive in the dialogue for solutions to overcome collective problems. This working paper also encourages the formation of a community of experts in moderation and process facilitation of ex-ante analysis. Such qualification is crucial for crafting policies and programs born ready to be monitored and evaluated so as to demonstrate their "raison d'être" to the public.

     
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    hdl: 10419/284873
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2817
    Schlagworte: ex-ante analysis of public policies; formulation; implementation; monitoring; evaluation; microeconomic public policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 112 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Representação e reforma política
    o debate sobre as eleições diretas para o Parlasul
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  IPEA, Brasília, DF

    This paper analyzes the proposals under discussion in the Brazilian Congress concerning the direct elections for Mercosur Parliament (Parlasur), originally planned to be held on 2014. The proposed rules are investigated in order to find out which... mehr

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 194 (1787)
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    This paper analyzes the proposals under discussion in the Brazilian Congress concerning the direct elections for Mercosur Parliament (Parlasur), originally planned to be held on 2014. The proposed rules are investigated in order to find out which changes may impact the profile of the new representation to be elected and the consequences by either strengthening or weakening the institutional role of Brazilian representation in Parlasur. Pending electoral legislation for Parlasur may represent the most important experiment in political reform in the country in recent years - changing the open list of candidates to the "closed list" (with strict party nomination), prohibiting party coalitions, establishing exclusive public financing of campaigns, besides rules targeting gender equality. Notwithstanding, if members of congress do not strengthen reform to provide a more robust institutional framework, Brazilian representation in Parlasur will be weakened rather than strengthened. -- Mercosur Parliament (Parlasur) ; political reform ; Brazilian political system ; Brazilian foreign policy

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/91198
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussao / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 1787
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 38 S., 363 KB)
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    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  7. Como elaborar projetos de intervenção para a implementação de políticas públicas?
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: setembro de 2023
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    An intervention project is a proposal structured to intervene on a relevant public policy problem to offer a very specific and prototyped solution, based on a model. The project is aimed at the decision support of an organization with governance over... mehr

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    An intervention project is a proposal structured to intervene on a relevant public policy problem to offer a very specific and prototyped solution, based on a model. The project is aimed at the decision support of an organization with governance over the referred problem. The core of an intervention project is implementation, that is, the execution of actions from inputs and processes to the generation of one or more products. In some cases, these projects progress to the point of mapping processes and predicting, in detail, indicators, results and impacts to be achieved, respectively, in the short, medium and long term. But the solution chosen by a project has to meet the strategic requirement of focusing on a "node" (or bottleneck) of the problem to positively change its status. This is what justifies the project and its products. In addition to offering basic guidelines to the formulation of intervention projects with reasonable innovative potential, this working paper provides recommendations so that the implementation to be carried out by the "street level" bureaucracy maintains its adherence to the public policy strategy that originated it, avoiding what is known as the formulation of the implementation and also the mistake of developing projects that can be very successful, delivering a simple product, but do not contribute to achieve medium-term results and long-term impacts to overcome the central problem of public policy.

     
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    hdl: 10419/285048
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2926
    Schlagworte: intervention project; ex-ante analysis; evaluation; implementation; microeconomic public policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten)
  8. Como fazer o rastreamento de agendas político-institucionais?
    teoria, metodologia e técnicas de pesquisa para prospectar eventos futuros e antecipar seu impacto na agenda de políticas públicas
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: agosto de 2024
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    Contrary to the famous saying, "In Brazil, even the past is uncertain", we can demonstrate that the future, at least in the short term, is quite predictable. This Discussion Paper presents the framework for agenda-setting anticipation through... mehr

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    Contrary to the famous saying, "In Brazil, even the past is uncertain", we can demonstrate that the future, at least in the short term, is quite predictable. This Discussion Paper presents the framework for agenda-setting anticipation through methodologies of actor mapping and agenda tracking, as well as web mining, and information scanning techniques. The paper aims to lay the foundation for a series of studies designed to anticipate the agenda and events on the political-institutional calendar of the Brazilian state in 2024. We hope more people have the opportunity to be alert to what is forthcoming and to organize themselves to engage in debate and influence decisions. They can also more clearly perceive how certain crucial agenda issues remain stalled and completely forgotten of any state deliberation, thereby obstructing the possibility of their institutionalization as public policy.

     
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    hdl: 10419/302258
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 3011
    Schlagworte: agenda-setting; actor mapping; policy analysis; web mining; information scanning; 2024
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten)
  9. Governança presidencial, políticas públicas e desenvolvimento
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  IPEA, Brasília, DF

    This Discussion Paper presents an introductory approach to presidential governance in Brazil. The historical institutionalism framework, the comparative historical method, and the policy-focused political analysis are used in this approach which... mehr

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    This Discussion Paper presents an introductory approach to presidential governance in Brazil. The historical institutionalism framework, the comparative historical method, and the policy-focused political analysis are used in this approach which consists in highlighting the critical component of presidential governance to public policy and development. The research is specifically designed to the study of unilateral action, more precisely, the presidential decrees. The result is the finding of eight presidential governance patterns, extracted from the combination of presidential decisions on the field of public administration or economic and social regulation, and also analyzing the mechanisms of incentive and restriction (or punishment) used by presidents when in government.

     
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    hdl: 10419/121666
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada ; 2090
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (39 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in engl. Sprache
  10. O serviço público federal brasileiro e a fábula do ataque das formigas gigantes
    Autor*in: Lassance, Antônio
    Erschienen: abril de 2017
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília - DF

    The common sense remarks that Brazilian public service has a chronic oversize, a characteristic of a patronage and entrenched patrimonialism and partisanship. This paper shows evidences that refute this common sense. In addition, the paper offers... mehr

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    The common sense remarks that Brazilian public service has a chronic oversize, a characteristic of a patronage and entrenched patrimonialism and partisanship. This paper shows evidences that refute this common sense. In addition, the paper offers recommendations and proposals to overcome this vulgarized perception. The responsibility to discuss the role, image and also the size of Brazilian State is a strategic challenge to move forward to the improvement of public services, with the guarantee of rights and inclusive development. Aligned with the idea of active transparency, it is proposed to offer regular and proper information about Brazilian public service, through systematic processes of accountability; the formulation of a ten-year plan of organization, qualification and innovation of public service; and the creation of an observatory of public service.

     
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    hdl: 10419/177503
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2287
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen