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  1. Religious practice and student performance
    evidence from ramadan fasting
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Schwerdt, Guido; Strazzeri, Maurizio
    Erschienen: 08 October 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16620
    Schlagworte: Education; religion; Religious Participation; Ramadan; social identity; social capital,PISA; TIMMS
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Religious practice and student performance: evidence from Ramadan fasting
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Schwerdt, Guido; Strazzeri, Maurizio
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995-2019)... mehr

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    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995-2019) across Muslim countries but not other countries. Results are confirmed in a panel of PISA test scores (2003-2018) allowing within country-wave comparisons of Muslim to non-Muslim students across Europe. We provide evidence consistent with the hypothesis that a demanding Ramadan during adolescence affects educational performance by facilitating formation of social capital and social identity via increased religious participation and shared experiences among students.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250430
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14769
    Schlagworte: education; religion; religious participation; Ramadan; social identity; social capital; PISA; TIMMS
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Religious practice and student performance
    evidence from Ramadan fasting
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Schwerdt, Guido; Strazzeri, Maurizio
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  KOPS Universität Konstanz, Konstanz

    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995-2019)... mehr

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    Universität Konstanz, Kommunikations-, Informations-, Medienzentrum (KIM)
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    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995-2019) across Muslim countries but not other countries. Results are confirmed in a panel of PISA test scores (2003-2018) allowing within country-wave comparisons of Muslim to non-Muslim students across Europe. We provide evidence consistent with the hypothesis that a demanding Ramadan during adolescence affects educational performance by facilitating formation of social capital and social identity via increased religious participation and shared experiences among students.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/247427
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: October 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Cluster of Excellence "The Politics of Inequality" ; no 06 (October 2021)
    Schlagworte: Education; Religion; Religious Participation; Ramadan; Social Identity; Social Capital; PISA; TIMMS
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Religious practice and student performance
    evidence from Ramadan fasting
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Schwerdt, Guido; Strazzeri, Maurizio
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995–2019)... mehr

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    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995–2019) across Muslim countries but not other countries. Results are confirmed in a panel of PISA test scores (2003–2018) allowing within country-wave comparisons of Muslim to non-Muslim students across Europe. We provide evidence consistent with the hypothesis that a demanding Ramadan during adolescence affects educational performance by facilitating formation of social capital and social identity via increased religious participation and shared experiences among students.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/248894
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9349 (2021)
    Schlagworte: education; religion; religious participation; Ramadan; social identity; social capital; PISA; TIMMS
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Witchcraft beliefs, social relations, and development
    Autor*in: Gershman, Boris
    Erschienen: July 2021
    Verlag:  Economics, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC

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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Economics, College of Arts & Sciences, American University ; 2021, 01
    Schlagworte: Culture; Development; Institutions; Religion; Social capital; Witchcraf
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Religious practice and student performance: evidence from Ramadan fasting
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Schwerdt, Guido; Strazzeri, Maurizio
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995-2019)... mehr

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    We investigate how the intensity of Ramadan affects educational outcomes by exploiting spatio-temporal variation in annual fasting hours. Longer fasting hours are related to increases in student performance in a panel of TIMMS test scores (1995-2019) across Muslim countries but not other countries. Results are confirmed in a panel of PISA test scores (2003-2018) allowing within country-wave comparisons of Muslim to non-Muslim students across Europe. We provide evidence consistent with the hypothesis that a demanding Ramadan during adolescence affects educational performance by facilitating formation of social capital and social identity via increased religious participation and shared experiences among students.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/248659
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: October 2021
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 117
    Schlagworte: Education; Religion; Religious Participation; Ramadan; Social Identity; Social Capital; PISA; TIMMS
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. The political economy of the Prussian three-class franchise
    Autor*in: Becker, Sascha O.; Hornung, Erik
    Erschienen: August 13, 2019
    Verlag:  The University of Warwick, Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy ; no. 438 (Sep 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 81 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Diasporas, diversity, and economic activity
    evidence from 18th-century Berlin
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik
    Erschienen: October 2018
    Verlag:  The University of Warwick, Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy ; no. 390 (Oct 2018)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Roman transport network connectivity and economic integration
    Autor*in: Flückiger, Matthias; Hornung, Erik; Larch, Mario; Ludwig, Markus; Mees, Allard W.
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We show that the creation of the first integrated multi-modal pan-European transport network during Roman times influences economic integration over two millennia. Drawing on spatially highly disaggregated data on excavated Roman ceramics, we... mehr

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    We show that the creation of the first integrated multi-modal pan-European transport network during Roman times influences economic integration over two millennia. Drawing on spatially highly disaggregated data on excavated Roman ceramics, we document that contemporary interregional trade was influenced by connectivity within the network. Today, these connectivity differentials continue to influence integration as approximated by cross-regional firm investment behaviour. Continuity is partly explained by selective infrastructure routing and cultural integration due to bilateral convergence in preferences and values. We show that our results are Roman-connectivity specific and do not reflect pre-existing patterns of exchange using pre-Roman trade data.

     
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    hdl: 10419/228854
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version:January 2020
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 051 (January 2021)
    Schlagworte: Economic integration; Roman trade; transport network connectivity; business links; cultural similarity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 95 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. The political economy of the Prussian three-class franchise
    Autor*in: Becker, Sascha O.; Hornung, Erik
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Did the Prussian three-class franchise, which politically over-represented the economic elite, affect policy-making? Combining MP-level political orientation, derived from all roll call votes in the Prussian parliament (1867-1903), with constituency... mehr

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    Did the Prussian three-class franchise, which politically over-represented the economic elite, affect policy-making? Combining MP-level political orientation, derived from all roll call votes in the Prussian parliament (1867-1903), with constituency characteristics, we analyze how local vote inequality, determined by tax payments, affected policymaking during Prussia's period of rapid industrialization. Contrary to the predominant view that the franchise system produced a conservative parliament, higher vote inequality is associated with more liberal voting, especially in regions with large-scale industry. We argue that industrialists preferred self-serving liberal policies and were able to coordinate on suitable MPs when vote inequality was high.

     
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/207192
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 7801 (August 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Roman Transport Network Connectivity and Economic Integration
    Autor*in: Flückiger, Matthias; Hornung, Erik; Larch, Mario; Ludwig, Markus; Mees, Allard W.
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We show that the creation of the first integrated pan-European transport network during Roman times influences economic integration over two millennia. Drawing on spatially highly disaggregated data on excavated Roman ceramics, we document that... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 63
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    We show that the creation of the first integrated pan-European transport network during Roman times influences economic integration over two millennia. Drawing on spatially highly disaggregated data on excavated Roman ceramics, we document that interregional trade was strongly influenced by connectivity within the network. Today, these connectivity differentials continue to influence cross-regional firm investment behaviour. Continuity is largely explained by selective infrastructure routing and cultural integration due to bilateral convergence in preferences and values. Both plausibly arise from network-induced history of repeated socioeconomic interaction. We show that our results are Roman-connectivity specific and do not reflect pre-existing patterns of exchange.

     
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/201966
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: July 2019
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 7740 (July 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Flow of ideas
    economic societies and the rise of useful knowledge
    Autor*in: Cinnirella, Francesco; Hornung, Erik; Koschnick, Julius
    Erschienen: July 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Economic societies emerged during the late eighteenth-century. We argue that these institutions reduced the costs of accessing useful knowledge by adopting, producing, and diffusing new ideas. Combining location information for the universe of 3,300... mehr

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    Economic societies emerged during the late eighteenth-century. We argue that these institutions reduced the costs of accessing useful knowledge by adopting, producing, and diffusing new ideas. Combining location information for the universe of 3,300 members across active economic societies in Germany with those of patent holders and World's Fair exhibitors, we show that regions with more members were more innovative in the late nineteenth-century. This long-lasting effect of societies arguably arose through agglomeration economies and localized knowledge spillovers. To support this claim, we provide evidence suggesting an immediate increase in manufacturing, an earlier establishment of vocational schools, and a higher density of highly skilled mechanical workers by mid-nineteenth century in regions with more members. We also show that regions with members from the same society had higher similarity in patenting, suggesting that social networks facilitated spatial knowledge diffusion and, to some extent, shaped the geography of innovation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263766
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9836 (2022)
    Schlagworte: economic societies; useful knowledge; knowledge diffusion; innovation; social networks
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 108 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Flow of ideas
    economic societies and the rise of useful knowledge
    Autor*in: Cinnirella, Francesco; Hornung, Erik; Koschnick, Julius
    Erschienen: July 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    Economic societies emerged during the late eighteenth-century. We argue that these institutions reduced the costs of accessing useful knowledge by adopting, producing, and diffusing new ideas. Combining location information for the universe of 3,300... mehr

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    Economic societies emerged during the late eighteenth-century. We argue that these institutions reduced the costs of accessing useful knowledge by adopting, producing, and diffusing new ideas. Combining location information for the universe of 3,300 members across active economic societies in Germany with those of patent holders and World's Fair exhibitors, we show that regions with more members were more innovative in the late nineteenth-century. This long-lasting effect of societies arguably arose through agglomeration economies and localized knowledge spillovers. To support this claim, we provide evidence suggesting an immediate increase in manufacturing, an earlier establishment of vocational schools, and a higher density of highly skilled mechanical workers by mid-nineteenth century in regions with more members. We also show that regions with members from the same society had higher similarity in patenting, suggesting that social networks facilitated spatial knowledge diffusion and, to some extent, shaped the geography of innovation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/262337
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 175
    Schlagworte: Economic Societies; Useful Knowledge; Knowledge Diffusion; Innovation; Social Networks
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 107 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Flow of ideas
    economic societies and the rise of useful knowledge
    Autor*in: Cinnirella, Francesco; Hornung, Erik; Koschnick, Julius
    Erschienen: 06 July 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17442
    Schlagworte: Economic Societies; Useful Knowledge; knowledge diffusion; Innovation; SocialNetworks
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 109 Seiten)
  15. Ramadan intensity and subsequent student achievement
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Schwerdt, Guido; Strazzeri, Maurizio
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, [Bonn]

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    hdl: 10419/268580
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute policy brief ; no. 27
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 6 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. NAFTA and drug-related violence in Mexico
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Hidalgo, Eduardo; Selaya, Pablo
    Erschienen: 25 October 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17608
    Schlagworte: Violence; Nafta; Free trade; Illegal trade; Mexico; Conflict
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten)
  17. NAFTA and drug-related violence in Mexico
    Autor*in: Hidalgo, Eduardo; Hornung, Erik; Selaya, Pablo
    Erschienen: September 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We study how NAFTA changed the geography of violence in Mexico. We propose that this open border policy increased trafficking profits of Mexican cartels, resulting in violent competition among them. We test this hypothesis by comparing changes in... mehr

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    Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
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    We study how NAFTA changed the geography of violence in Mexico. We propose that this open border policy increased trafficking profits of Mexican cartels, resulting in violent competition among them. We test this hypothesis by comparing changes in drug-related homicides after NAFTA's introduction in 1994 across municipalities with and without drug-trafficking routes. Routes are predicted least cost paths connecting municipalities with a recent history of detected drug trafficking with U.S. land ports of entry. On these routes, homicides increase by 2.3 per 100,000 inhabitants, which is equivalent to 27% of the pre-NAFTA mean. These results cannot be explained by changes in worker's opportunity costs of using violence resulting from the trade shock.

     
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    hdl: 10419/266016
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9981 (2022)
    Schlagworte: violence; NAFTA; free trade; Mexico; illegal drug trafficking; conflict
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. NAFTA and drug-related violence in Mexico
    Autor*in: Hidalgo, Eduardo; Hornung, Erik; Selaya, Pablo
    Erschienen: September 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We study how NAFTA changed the geography of violence in Mexico. We propose that this open border policy increased trafficking profits of Mexican cartels, resulting in violent competition among them. We test this hypothesis by comparing changes in... mehr

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    Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
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    We study how NAFTA changed the geography of violence in Mexico. We propose that this open border policy increased trafficking profits of Mexican cartels, resulting in violent competition among them. We test this hypothesis by comparing changes in drug-related homicides after NAFTA's introduction in 1994 across municipalities with and without drug-trafficking routes. Routes are predicted least cost paths connecting municipalities with a recent history of detected drug trafficking with U.S. land ports of entry. On these routes, homicides increase by 2.3 per 100,000 inhabitants, which is equivalent to 27% of the pre-NAFTA mean. These results cannot be explained by changes in worker's opportunity costs of using violence resulting from the trade shock.

     
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    hdl: 10419/268029
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 196
    Schlagworte: Violence; NAFTA; Free Trade; Mexico; Illegal Drug Trafficking; Conflict
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. The political economy of the prussian three-class franchise
    Autor*in: Becker, Sascha O.; Hornung, Erik
    Erschienen: 14 August 2019
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP13930
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  20. Roman transport network connectivity and economic integration
    Autor*in: Flückiger, Matthias; Hornung, Erik; Larch, Mario; Ludwig, Markus; Mees, Allard W.
    Erschienen: 03 July 2019
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP13838
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  21. The political economy of the Prussian three-class franchise
    Autor*in: Becker, Sascha O.; Hornung, Erik
    Erschienen: August 13, 2019
    Verlag:  University of Warwick, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Warwick economics research papers ; no: 1223 (September 2019)
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  22. The importance of access to knowledge for technological progress in the industrial revolution
    Autor*in: Hornung, Erik; Koschnick, Julius; Cinnirella, Francesco
    Erschienen: December 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, [Bonn]

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    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute policy brief ; no. 041
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  23. The political effects of the 1918 influenza pandemic in weimar germany
    Autor*in: Bauernschuster, Stefan; Blum, Matthias; Hornung, Erik; Koenig, Christoph
    Erschienen: 06 July 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schlagworte: Pandemics; Elections; Health; Voting behavior; Issue salience; Issue ownership; Weimar Republic
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  24. The political effects of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Weimar Germany
    Autor*in: Bauernschuster, Stefan; Blum, Matthias; Hornung, Erik; Koenig, Christoph
    Erschienen: June 2023
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, [Bonn]

    How do health crises affect election results? We combine a panel of election results from 1893-1933 with spatial heterogeneity in excess mortality due to the 1918 Influenza to assess the pandemic's effect on voting behavior across German... mehr

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    How do health crises affect election results? We combine a panel of election results from 1893-1933 with spatial heterogeneity in excess mortality due to the 1918 Influenza to assess the pandemic's effect on voting behavior across German constituencies. Applying a dynamic differences-in-differences approach, we find that areas with higher influenza mortality saw a lasting shift towards left-wing parties. We argue that pandemic intensity increased the salience of public health policy, prompting voters to reward parties signaling competence in health issues. Alternative explanations such as pandemic-induced economic hardship, punishment of incumbents for inadequate policy responses, or polarization of the electorate towards more extremist parties are not supported by our findings.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 241
    Schlagworte: Pandemics; Elections; Health; Voting behavior; Issue salience; Issue ownership; Weimar Republic
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  25. The political effects of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Weimar Germany
    Autor*in: Bauernschuster, Stefan; Blum, Matthias; Hornung, Erik; Koenig, Christoph
    Erschienen: June 2023
    Verlag:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    How do health crises affect election results? We combine a panel of election results from 1893-1933 with spatial heterogeneity in excess mortality due to the 1918 Influenza to assess the pandemic's effect on voting behavior across German... mehr

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    How do health crises affect election results? We combine a panel of election results from 1893-1933 with spatial heterogeneity in excess mortality due to the 1918 Influenza to assess the pandemic's effect on voting behavior across German constituencies. Applying a dynamic differences-in-differences approach, we find that areas with higher influenza mortality saw a lasting shift towards left-wing parties. We argue that pandemic intensity increased the salience of public health policy, prompting voters to reward parties signaling competence in health issues. Alternative explanations such as pandemic-induced economic hardship, punishment of incumbents for inadequate policy responses, or polarization of the electorate towards more extremist parties are not supported by our findings.

     
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    hdl: 10419/279281
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working papers ; 10531 (2023)
    Schlagworte: pandemics; elections; health; voting behavior; issue salience; issue ownership; Weimar Republic
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen