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  1. Baseline results from the EU28 EUROMOD
    2016-2019 / Jack Kneeshaw with Paola De Agostini, Kakia Chatsiou, Katrin Gasior, Holguer Xavier Jara Tamayo, Chrysa Leventi, Kostas Manios, Alari Paulus, Daria Popova, Iva Tasseva
    Autor*in: Kneeshaw, Jack; De Agostini, Paola; Chatsiou, Kakia; Gasior, Katrin; Jara, H. Xavier; Leventi, Chrysa; Manios, Kostas; Paulus, Alari; Popova, Daria; Tasseva, Iva
    Erschienen: December 2020
    Verlag:  Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex, UK

    This paper presents baseline results from the latest version of EUROMOD (version I2.0+), the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the EU. First, we briefly report the process of updating EUROMOD. We then present indicators for income inequality and... mehr

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    This paper presents baseline results from the latest version of EUROMOD (version I2.0+), the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the EU. First, we briefly report the process of updating EUROMOD. We then present indicators for income inequality and risk of poverty using EUROMOD and discuss the main reasons for differences between these and EU-SILC based indicators. We further compare EUROMOD distributional indicators across all EU 28 countries and over time between 2016 and 2019. Finally, we provide estimates of marginal effective tax rates (METR) for all 28 EU countries in order to explore the effect of tax and benefit systems on work incentives at the intensive margin. Throughout the paper, we highlight both the potential of EUROMOD as a tool for policy analysis and the caveats that should be borne in mind when using it and interpreting results. This paper updates the work reported in Tammik (2019).

     
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    hdl: 10419/259509
    Übergeordneter Titel: Baseline results from the EU28 EUROMOD - Alle Bände anzeigen
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; EM 20, 20
    Schlagworte: microsimulation; redistribution; tax-benefit system; poverty; inequality; work incentives
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. How do firms adjust to a negative labor supply shock?
    evidence form migration outflows
    Autor*in: Dicarlo, Emanuele
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Banca d'Italia Eurosistema, [Rom]

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    Schriftenreihe: Temi di discussione / Banca d'Italia ; number 1361 (February 2022)
    Schlagworte: migration; labor supply; skills; firms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. How do firms adjust to negative labor supply shocks?
    evidence from migration outflows
    Autor*in: Dicarlo, Emanuele
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The quality of workers in a country positively relates to productivity of firms, adoption of new technologies, and growth. This paper studies adjustments of Italian firms to negative labor supply shocks in the context of workers' outflows from Italy... mehr

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    The quality of workers in a country positively relates to productivity of firms, adoption of new technologies, and growth. This paper studies adjustments of Italian firms to negative labor supply shocks in the context of workers' outflows from Italy to Switzerland. My diff-in-diff leverages the implementation of a policy in which Switzerland granted free labor market mobility to EU citizens and different treatment intensity of Italian firms based on their distance to the Swiss border. Using detailed social security data on the universe of Italian firms and workers, I document large (12 percentage points higher) outflows of workers and fewer (2.5 percentage points) surviving firms in the treatment group relative to control. Despite replacing workers and becoming more capital intensive, treated firms are less productive and pay lower wages. I investigate this evidence through the lens of a simple production function with high and low-skilled labor within a heterogeneity analysis based on the skill intensity of the industry of each firm. In line with the brain drain literature, I show how adverse effects of large outflows of workers operate through firms that workers leave. I provide suggestive evidence that high-skill intensive firms are the main driver of the negative results on wages and productivity. I also show that low skill intensive firms instead suffer less from losing workers and provide new job opportunities for the workers who do not migrate.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250655
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14994
    Schlagworte: migration; labor supply; skills; firms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Le modifiche al sistema fiscale e di welfare italiano attuate nel 2022
    profili di equità ed efficienza
    Autor*in: Dicarlo, Emanuele; Recchia, Pasquale; Tomasi, Antonella
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Banca d'Italia, [Rom]

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    Sprache: Italienisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Questioni di economia e finanza / Banca d'Italia ; numero 748 (Marzo 2023)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Inflation, fiscal policy and inequality
    the distributional impact of fiscal measures to compensate for consumer inflation
    Autor*in: 3000 Amores, Antonio F.; Basso, Henrique S.; Bischl, Simeon; De Agostini, Paola; De Poli, Silvia; Dicarlo, Emanuele; Flevotomou, Maria; Freier, Maximilian; Maier, Sofia; García-Miralles, Esteban; Pidkuyko, Myroslav; Ricci, Mattia; Riscado, Sara
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata... mehr

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    This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata as the input - EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) and household budget surveys (HBS) - to quantify the distributional impact of inflation, income support measures and measures aimed at containing prices. The analysis confirms that purchasing power and welfare were more severely affected by the 2022 inflation surge in lower-income households than in higher-income households. Fiscal measures compensated households for about a third of their welfare loss, though with significant differences between countries. At the same time, fiscal measures closed around 60% of the inequality gap between lower and higherincome households. Most fiscal measures were not particularly well targeted at lowincome households, resulting in a higher than necessary fiscal burden to cushion the distributional impact of the inflationary shock.

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
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    ISBN: 9789289962292
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283408
    Schriftenreihe: Occasional paper series / European Central Bank ; No 330
    Schlagworte: inflation; fiscal policy; distributional effect; welfare effect; EUROMOD
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten), Diagramme
  6. The National Minimum Wage, the National Living Wage and the tax and benefit system
    Autor*in: Brewer, Mike; De Agostini, Paola
    Erschienen: 24 October 2017
    Verlag:  Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of Essex, [Colchester]

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: Version of: 24 October 2017
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Inflation, fiscal policy and inequality
    the distributional impact of fiscal measures to compensate for consumer inflation
    Autor*in: 3000 Amores, Antonio F.; Basso, Henrique S.; Bischl, Simeon; De Agostini, Paola; De Poli, Silvia; Dicarlo, Emanuele; Flevotomou, Maria; Freier, Maximilian; Maier, Sofia; García-Miralles, Esteban; Pidkuyko, Myroslav; Ricci, Mattia; Riscado, Sara
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  European Central Bank, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata... mehr

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    This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata as the input - EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) and household budget surveys (HBS) - to quantify the distributional impact of inflation, income support measures and measures aimed at containing prices. The analysis confirms that purchasing power and welfare were more severely affected by the 2022 inflation surge in lower-income households than in higher-income households. Fiscal measures compensated households for about a third of their welfare loss, though with significant differences between countries. At the same time, fiscal measures closed around 60% of the inequality gap between lower and higherincome households. Most fiscal measures were not particularly well targeted at lowincome households, resulting in a higher than necessary fiscal burden to cushion the distributional impact of the inflationary shock.

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    ISBN: 9789289962292
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283408
    Schriftenreihe: Occasional paper series / European Central Bank ; No 330
    Schlagworte: inflation; fiscal policy; distributional effect; welfare effect; EUROMOD
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten), Diagramme
  8. EUROMOD baseline report
    Autor*in: De Poli, Silvia; Gil-Bermejo Lazo, Celia; Leventi, Chrysa; Maier, Sofia; Papini, Andrea; Ricci, Mattia; Serruys, Hannes; Almeida, Vanda; Christl, Michael; Cruces, Hugo; De Agostini, Paola; Grünberger, Klaus; Hernández, Adrian; Jȩdrych Villa, Marta; Manios, Kostas; Mazzon, Alberto; Navarro Berdeal, Silvia; Palma Fernandez, Bianey; Picos, Fidel; Tumino, Alberto; Vázquez Torres, Estefanía
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  European Commission, Seville

    This report provides a selection of baseline results and headline indicators from the latest public version (I5.0+) of EUROMOD, the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the EU. We begin by presenting indicators for income inequality and... mehr

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    This report provides a selection of baseline results and headline indicators from the latest public version (I5.0+) of EUROMOD, the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the EU. We begin by presenting indicators for income inequality and at-risk-of-poverty. We then provide a comparative decomposition of the redistributive effect of the tax-benefit systems across the EU. We study how different Member States achieve various degrees of redistribution through different combinations of progressivity and size of their tax-benefit systems. We then analyse various work incentive indicators both at the intensive and the extensive margin, discussing how effective marginal rates of taxation and replacement rates vary across countries. The report also describes the way EUROMOD can be used to simulate economic shocks leading to labour market transition through the LMA (Labour Market Adjustment) add-on. We illustrate this by simulating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the cushioning effect of policy measures taken by EU Member States. Finally, we present the evolution of the income distribution over the post-financial crisis decade and we compare living standards across EU countries at the top and the bottom of the income distribution.

     
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    hdl: 10419/280874
    Schriftenreihe: JRC working papers on taxation and strucutral reforms ; no 2023, 5
    Schlagworte: Mikrosimulation; Steuer; Öffentliche Sozialleistungen; Armut; Soziale Ungleichheit; EU-Staaten
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Inflation, fiscal policy and inequality
    Autor*in: Amore, Antonio F.; Basso, Henrique S.; Bischl, Johannes Simeon; De Agostini, Paola; De Poli, Silvia; Dicarlo, Emanuele; Flevotomou, Maria; Freier, Maximilian; Maier, Sofia; García-Miralles, Esteban; Pidkuyko, Myroslav; Ricci, Mattia; Riscado, Sara
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  European Commission, Seville

    This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata... mehr

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    This paper analyses the distributional impact of high consumer inflation in the euro area and government measures to compensate households in 2022. The study uses the tax-benefit microsimulation model for the European Union (EUROMOD) with microdata as the input - EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) and household budget surveys (HBS) - to quantify the distributional impact of inflation, income support measures and measures aimed at containing prices. The analysis confirms that purchasing power and welfare were more severely affected by the 2022 inflation surge in lower-income households than in higher-income households. Fiscal measures compensated households for about a third of their welfare loss, though with significant differences between countries. At the same time, fiscal measures closed around 60% of the inequality gap between lower and higher-income households. Most fiscal measures were not particularly well targeted at low-income households, resulting in a higher than necessary fiscal burden to cushion the distributional impact of the inflationary shock.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: JRC working papers on taxation and strucutral reforms ; no 2023, 10
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Limiting prices or transferring money?
    an ex-ante assessment of alternative measures to cope with the hike in energy prices
    Autor*in: Amores, Antonio F.; Christl, Michael; De Agostini, Paola; De Poli, Silvia; Maier, Sofia
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  European Commission, Seville

    The hike in energy prices across Europe in 2022 and 2023 led to significant government interventions. Several governments introduced 'energy price cap' measures to alleviate the increased burden on households' expenditures. This paper presents an ex... mehr

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    The hike in energy prices across Europe in 2022 and 2023 led to significant government interventions. Several governments introduced 'energy price cap' measures to alleviate the increased burden on households' expenditures. This paper presents an ex ante assessment of the expected distributional impact of the inflation surge and the cushioning effect of these price cap policies introduced in 2023 in Germany, the Netherlands and Austria. Our analysis combines macroforecasting techniques with microsimulation methods and shows that the inflationary shock of 2023 will more severely affect those households at the bottom of the income distribution. Our results also highlight that the price cap measures will only partly absorb the negative distributional consequences of the inflationary shock while it would completely offset the increase in energy poverty. Additionally, we show that simpler measures, such as lump-sum cash transfers, are more efficient (considering government's budgetary costs) in cushioning the inequality-increasing effects of inflation, especially when such measures are targeted. Price caps, on the other hand, are more efficient in reducing energy poverty, given the non-negligible incidence of energy poverty in middle-income groups.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: JRC working papers on taxation and strucutral reforms ; no 2023, 11
    Schlagworte: Energy; price cap; microsimulation; inequality; Europe
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The effect of food prices and household income on the British diet
    Autor*in: De Agostini, Paola
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  ISER, [Colchester]

    This paper investigates the effect of price variations on the diet composition in Britain. It describes the dynamics of food demand in relation to food prices over time using data from the British National Food Survey (NFS) covering the period... mehr

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    This paper investigates the effect of price variations on the diet composition in Britain. It describes the dynamics of food demand in relation to food prices over time using data from the British National Food Survey (NFS) covering the period 1975-2000. Demand elasticities with respect to price elasticities are estimated by solving a quadratic almost ideal demand system (QUAIDS) model controlling also for total expenditure on food, region of residence, household size, age of head of household, whether women are working, number of time in which the household buys ready food, household type and income quartiles. Focusing on the consumption technology function, effects of food price variation on calories intake, energy from fats and energy from carbohydrate have been explored deriving nutrients elasticities with respect to variation of food prices.

     
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    hdl: 10419/95672
    Schriftenreihe: ISER Working Paper Series ; 2014-10
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (36 S.), graph. Darst.
  12. La revisione delle misure di contrasto alla povertà in Italia
    Autor*in: Bovini, Giulia; Dicarlo, Emanuele; Tomasi, Antonella
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Banca d'Italia, [Rom]

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    Schriftenreihe: Questioni di economia e finanza / Banca d'Italia ; number 820 (Dicembre 2023)
    Schlagworte: basic income; poverty; redistribution; microsimulation; occupation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The skill content of occupations across low and middle income countries
    evidence from harmonized data
    Autor*in: Dicarlo, Emanuele; Bello, Salvatore Lo; Monroy-Taborda, Sebastian; Oviedo, Ana María; Sanchez-Puerta, Maria Laura; Santos, Indhira
    Erschienen: September 2016
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    Using new and harmonized worker-level survey data on tasks at work in the developing world, this paper constructs, for the first time, a measure of the skill content of occupations for 10 low and middle-income countries. Following Autor, Levy and... mehr

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    Using new and harmonized worker-level survey data on tasks at work in the developing world, this paper constructs, for the first time, a measure of the skill content of occupations for 10 low and middle-income countries. Following Autor, Levy and Murnane (2003), Acemoglu and Autor (2011), and Autor and Handel (2013), we map tasks into non-routine analytical, non-routine interpersonal, and routine & manual skill groups. We find significant differences in the skill mix used by workers across different occupations, with selected white-collar occupations being intensive in Analytical and Interpersonal skills, while others - mostly blue collar, but not only - being more intensive in Routine and Manual skills. We also find that the rankings of occupations along the skill dimensions are quite stable across countries, and they correlate significantly higher between middle- and low-income countries than between them and the United States. Hence, the common practice of assuming the same skill structure for occupations in the United States and other countries can be misleading. Finally, we find that the heterogeneity of skill content between occupations (within countries) tends to decrease with the level of income, while the heterogeneity within occupations decreases only weakly (or not at all) for higher income levels. Taken together, these results suggest that as countries develop, they tend to adopt and use certain skills more widely, especially across occupations. This may suggest some degree of specialization in skills content of tasks as countries develop, especially moving towards less occupation-specific Analytical or Interpersonal skills that are becoming increasingly relevant across the board.

     
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    hdl: 10419/147910
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / IZA ; no. 10224
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The effect of changes in tax-benefit policies on the income distribution in 2008-2015
    Autor*in: De Agostini, Paola; Paulus, Alari; Tasseva, Iva
    Erschienen: July 2016
    Verlag:  [Institute for Social and Economic Research, University of Essex], [Colchester, Essex, UK]

    We apply microsimulation techniques to estimate the first-order effects of tax-benefit policy changes since the beginning of the financial and economic crisis in 2008. Using the EU tax-benefit model EUROMOD in combination with the EU-SILC 2012... mehr

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    We apply microsimulation techniques to estimate the first-order effects of tax-benefit policy changes since the beginning of the financial and economic crisis in 2008. Using the EU tax-benefit model EUROMOD in combination with the EU-SILC 2012 micro-data, we provide comparative estimates for EU-27 in 2008-2014 as well as for 21 EU member states in 2014-2015. The analysis covers direct tax and cash benefit changes and evaluates their effects on the income distribution, poverty and inequality levels, holding population characteristics and market incomes constant, thereby, isolating direct policy effects from other factors shaping the income distribution. Two different indexation approaches are used to adjust benchmark policies over time - prices and market incomes - and explore the sensitivity of results. We find substantial cross-national variation throughout the whole period. At the EU level, policy changes in the first half of the period (2008-2011) were poverty-reducing and had a positive effect on mean incomes, while the effects were the opposite in the later period (2011-2014); and inequality-reducing in both periods.

     
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    hdl: 10419/197592
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; EM 16, 6
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Credit crunched
    single parents, universal credit and the struggle to make work pay
    Autor*in: Brewer, Mike; De Agostini, Paola
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Univ. of Essex, ESRC Research Centre on Micro-Social Change, Colchester

    This paper examines the likely impact of Universal Credit on the incomes and work incentives of single parent families. Using the UK module of EUROMOD (version F6.20), we also simulate how single parents' household income, and their work incentives,... mehr

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    This paper examines the likely impact of Universal Credit on the incomes and work incentives of single parent families. Using the UK module of EUROMOD (version F6.20), we also simulate how single parents' household income, and their work incentives, would change following adjustments to the universal credit structure. We examine four main alternative scenarios: 1) reducing the overall universal credit taper rate from 65% to 55%; 2) Increasing the basic (standard) allowances in universal credit for single parents; 3) Increasing the earnings disregard in universal credit for single parents and 4) Increasing the income tax threshold for the basic tax rate. We also examine the impact on single parents of an increase in the minimum wage. Finally, we examine the impact on the Exchequer of a five percentage point increase in the single parent employment rate, in terms of benefits saved and taxes paid.

     
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    hdl: 10419/113345
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; 3/15
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  16. The National Minimum Wage and its interaction with the tax and benefits system
    a focus on Universal Credit
    Autor*in: Brewer, Mike; De Agostini, Paola
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Univ. of Essex, ESRC Research Centre on Micro-Social Change, Colchester

    This paper uses the UK module of EUROMOD to examine the likely impact of Universal Credit (UC) on the incomes and work incentives of families containing NMW workers ("NMW families"). It in part updates previous work done for the Low Pay Commission... mehr

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    This paper uses the UK module of EUROMOD to examine the likely impact of Universal Credit (UC) on the incomes and work incentives of families containing NMW workers ("NMW families"). It in part updates previous work done for the Low Pay Commission (Brewer, May and Phillips, 2009). The analysis was completed after the 2012 Autumn Statement, but before the Spring 2013 Budget, and so does not reflect any changes to personal taxes and benefits for 2014-15 announced then.

     
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    hdl: 10419/113335
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; 2/15
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  17. Were we really all in it together?
    the distributional effects of the 2010 - 2015 UK Coalition government's tax-benefit policy changes ; an end-of-term update
    Autor*in: De Agostini, Paola; Hills, John; Sutherland, Holly
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Univ. of Essex, ESRC Research Centre on Micro-Social Change, Colchester

    This paper examines the distributional impacts of the changes to benefits, tax credits, pensions and direct taxes between the UK Elections in May 2010 and in May 2015. It also looks ahead to the longer-term effects of changes and plans that were... mehr

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    This paper examines the distributional impacts of the changes to benefits, tax credits, pensions and direct taxes between the UK Elections in May 2010 and in May 2015. It also looks ahead to the longer-term effects of changes and plans that were announced by the 2010-2015 Coalition government, such as the complete introduction of Universal Credit and changes to the ways benefits, pensions and tax brackets are indexed from year to year, modelling what effects these would have after five more years. It shows that the changes 2010-15 did not have a common effect on all household incomes and nor did the direct tax-benefit changes contribute to deficit reduction. In effect reductions in benefits and tax credits financed part of the cuts in direct taxes. We find that the relative extent to which the changes most favoured the rich or the poor is sensitive to a wide range of analytical choices and assumptions, but under most sets of assumptions the main gains were in the upper middle of the income distribution and the main losers were at the bottom and those close to, but not at, the very top. Across most of the distribution the impact of the changes was regressive. Looking forward to the effects that Coalition policies would have had by 2020 we find a more strongly regressive picture but with open questions about the effect of Universal Credit on those not currently receiving their entitlements to means-tested payments, and so potentially increasing some of the lowest incomes.

     
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    hdl: 10419/157926
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; 13/15
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  18. Research note: The effect of different indexation scenarios on child poverty in the UK
    Autor*in: De Agostini, Paola; Tasseva, Iva
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Univ. of Essex, ESRC Research Centre on Micro-Social Change, Colchester

    Using the tax-benefit microsimulation model EUROMOD and Family Resources Survey, we investigate what would have happened to child poverty in the UK in the periods 2010/11-2015/16 and 2015/16-2020/21 under a range of different indexation scenarios of... mehr

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    Using the tax-benefit microsimulation model EUROMOD and Family Resources Survey, we investigate what would have happened to child poverty in the UK in the periods 2010/11-2015/16 and 2015/16-2020/21 under a range of different indexation scenarios of children's benefits. We find that between 2010/11 and 2015/16 both the relative and absolute child poverty rates would have been lower if children's benefits were uprated by RPI or if the government had introduced the Child Tax Credit uprating package it promised in 2010. Uprating children's benefits up to 2020/21 as announced by the government in the Autumn Financial Statement in 2014 would result in real benefit cuts and increase in child poverty. However, triple lock indexation of children's benefits would sustain their real value and would reduce child poverty rates substantially.

     
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    hdl: 10419/113338
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; 8/15
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  19. The effect of tax-benefit changes on the income distribution in 2008 - 2014
    Autor*in: De Agostini, Paola; Paulus, Alari; Tasseva, Iva
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Univ. of Essex, ESRC Research Centre on Micro-Social Change, Colchester

    More than half of the EU countries have become poorer and more unequal since the start of the crisis in 2008. Despite lack of timely household micro data, using microsimulation techniques with up-to-date information on policy rules enables us to... mehr

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    More than half of the EU countries have become poorer and more unequal since the start of the crisis in 2008. Despite lack of timely household micro data, using microsimulation techniques with up-to-date information on policy rules enables us to estimate the direct effect of tax-benefit policy changes in 2008-2014 on the income distribution, poverty and inequality levels in 10 EU countries, as well as track most recent trends by evaluating policy effects in 2013-2014. We identify and quantify these effects using the EU tax-benefit model EUROMOD to construct relevant counterfactual scenarios. Our results indicate that among these countries, most managed to pursue policies without adverse distributional effects, despite of challenging economic problems in this period. However, this has been accompanied by reductions in household income in several countries. There have also been some cases of clearly regressive changes in particular policy instruments. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of comprehensive regular indexation to avoid the erosion of benefit amounts and tax thresholds over time, and specific population groups systematically gaining or losing relative to others.

     
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    hdl: 10419/113329
    Schriftenreihe: EUROMOD working paper series ; 11/15
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (37 S.), graph. Darst.