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  1. Caught between cultures
    unintended consequences of improving opportunity for immigrant girls
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Felfe, Christina; Frijters, Paul; Rainer, Helmut
    Erschienen: January 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    What happens when immigrant girls are given increased opportunities to integrate into the workplace and society, but their parents value more traditional cultural outcomes? Building on Akerlof and Kranton's identity framework (2000), we construct a... mehr

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    DS 63
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    What happens when immigrant girls are given increased opportunities to integrate into the workplace and society, but their parents value more traditional cultural outcomes? Building on Akerlof and Kranton's identity framework (2000), we construct a simple theoretical model which shows how expanding opportunities for immigrant girls can have the unintended consequence of reducing their well-being, since identity-concerned parents will constrain their daughter's choices. The model can explain the otherwise puzzling findings from a reform which granted automatic birthright citizenship to eligible immigrant children born in Germany after January 1, 2000. Using survey data we collected in 57 German schools and comparing those born in the months before versus after the reform, we find that birthright citizenship lowers measures of life satisfaction and self-esteem for immigrant girls. This is especially true for Muslims, where traditional cultural identity is particularly salient. Birthright citizenship results in disillusionment where immigrant Muslim girls believe their chances of achieving their educational goals are lower and the perceived odds of having to forgo a career for family rise. Consistent with the model, immigrant Muslim parents invest less in their daughters' schooling and have a lower probability of speaking German with their daughters if they are born after the reform. We further find that immigrant Muslim girls granted birthright citizenship are less likely to self-identify as German and are more socially isolated. In contrast, immigrant boys experience, if anything, an improvement in well-being and other outcomes we examine. Taken together, the findings point towards immigrant girls being pushed by parents to conform to a role within traditional culture, whereas boys are allowed to take advantage of the opportunities that come with citizenship. Alternative models can explain some of the findings in isolation, but are not consistent more generally.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215047
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8045 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten)
  2. Caught between cultures
    unintended consequences of improving opportunity for immigrant girls
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Felfe, Christina; Frijters, Paul; Rainer, Helmut
    Erschienen: January 2020
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    W 1 (26674)
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 26674
    Schlagworte: Migranten; Mädchen; Soziale Integration; Soziale Werte; Familie; Muslime; Einwanderungsrecht; Deutschland
    Umfang: 47 Seiten, 7 ungezählte Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  3. Family spillovers in field of study
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 27618
    Schlagworte: Soziale Gruppe; Soziale Beziehungen; Eltern; Kinder; Studium; Schweden
    Umfang: 16 Seiten, 16 ungezählte Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  4. Age discrimination across the business cycle
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew M.
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    W 1 (27581)
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 27581
    Schlagworte: Altersdiskriminierung; Konjunktur; Ältere Arbeitskräfte; Kündigung; USA
    Umfang: 54 Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  5. Partisan Fertility and Presidential Elections
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Lu, Runjing; Mullins, William
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Changes in political leadership drive large changes in economic optimism. We exploit the surprise 2016 election of Trump to identify the effects of a shift in political power on one of the most consequential household decisions: whether to have a... mehr

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Standort:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Standort:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Standort:
    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Changes in political leadership drive large changes in economic optimism. We exploit the surprise 2016 election of Trump to identify the effects of a shift in political power on one of the most consequential household decisions: whether to have a child. Republican-leaning counties experience a sharp and persistent increase in fertility relative to Democratic counties: a 1.1 to 2.6 percentage point difference in annual births, depending on the intensity of partisanship. Hispanics, a group targeted by Trump, see fertility fall relative to non-Hispanics, especially compared to rural or evangelical whites. Further, following Trump pre-election campaign visits, relative Hispanic fertility declines

     
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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; no. w29058
    Schlagworte: Fertilität; Politische Einstellung; USA
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  6. Diversity and discrimination in the classroom
    Autor*in: Anderberg, Dan; Dahl, Gordon B.; Felfe, Christina; Rainer, Helmut; Siedler, Thomas
    Erschienen: 23 February 2024
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

    What makes diversity unifying in some settings but divisive in others? We examine how the mixing of ethnic groups in German schools affects intergroup cooperation and trust. We leverage the quasi-random assignment of students to classrooms within... mehr

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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    What makes diversity unifying in some settings but divisive in others? We examine how the mixing of ethnic groups in German schools affects intergroup cooperation and trust. We leverage the quasi-random assignment of students to classrooms within schools to obtain variation in the type of diversity that prevails in a peer group. We combine this with a large-scale, incentivized lab-in-field-experiment based on the investment game, allowing us to assess the in-group bias of native German students in their interactions with fellow natives (in-group) versus immigrants (out-group). We find in-group bias peaks in culturally polarized classrooms, where the native and immigrant groups are both large, but have different religious or language backgrounds. In contrast, in classrooms characterized by non-cultural polarization, fractionalization, or a native supermajority, there are significantly lower levels of own-group favoritism. In terms of mechanisms, we find empirical evidence that culturally polarized classrooms foster negative stereotypes about immigrants' trustworthiness and amplify taste-based discrimination, both of which are costly and lead to lower payouts. In contrast, accurate statistical discrimination is ruled out by design in our experiment. These findings suggest that extra efforts are needed to counteract low levels of inclusivity and trust in culturally polarized environments.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18857
    Schlagworte: In-group bias; discrimination; diversity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Persistent effects of social program participation on the third generation
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Gielen, Anne C.
    Erschienen: 07 March 2024
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

    Can participation in safety net programs have long-lasting negative effects across multiple generations? Prior work shows a 1993 Dutch disability insurance reform which tightened requirements and lowered benefits for participants resulted in better... mehr

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    Can participation in safety net programs have long-lasting negative effects across multiple generations? Prior work shows a 1993 Dutch disability insurance reform which tightened requirements and lowered benefits for participants resulted in better outcomes for their children. We study the third generation, finding that grandchildren of individuals whose DI eligibility and benefits were reduced are less likely to be born premature, have low birthweight, or experience complicated deliveries. They also have better health and schooling outcomes during early childhood. These early-life improvements are consequential, as they have been linked to better health, education, and labor market outcomes in adulthood.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18896
    Schlagworte: Multigenerational links; disability insurance; child health
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Linking changes in inequality in life expectancy and mortality
    evidence from Denmark and the United States
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Kreiner, Claus Thustrup; Nielsen, Torben Heien; Serena, Benjamin Ly
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 27509
    Schlagworte: Sterblichkeit; Armut; USA; Dänemark
    Umfang: 29, 27 Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  9. Long-run returns to field of study in secondary school
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    W 1 (27524)
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 27524
    Schlagworte: Schule; Studium; Erwerbsverlauf; Schweden
    Umfang: 32 Seiten, 19 ungezählte Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Erscheint auch als Online-Ausgabe
  10. Long-run returns to field of study in secondary school
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This paper studies whether specialized academic fields of study in secondary school, which are common in many countries, affect earnings as an adult. Identification is challenging, because it requires not just quasi-random variation into fields of... mehr

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    DS 63
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    This paper studies whether specialized academic fields of study in secondary school, which are common in many countries, affect earnings as an adult. Identification is challenging, because it requires not just quasi-random variation into fields of study, but also an accounting of individuals’ next-best alternatives. Our setting is Sweden, where at the end of ninth grade students rank fields of study and admissions to oversubscribed fields is determined based on a student’s GPA. We use a regression discontinuity design which allows for different labor market returns for each combination of preferred versus next-best choice, together with nationwide register data for school cohorts from 1977-1991 linked to their earnings as adults. Our analysis yields four main findings. First, Engineering, Natural Science, and Business yield higher earnings relative to most second-best choices, while Social Science and Humanities result in sizable drops, even relative to non-academic vocational programs. Second, the return to completing a field varies substantially as a function of a student’s next-best alternative. The magnitudes are often as large as estimates of the return to two years of additional education. Third, the pattern of returns for individuals with different first and second best choices is consistent with comparative advantage for many field choice combinations, while others exhibit either random sorting or comparative disadvantage. Fourth, most of the differences in adult earnings can be attributed to differences in college major and occupation. Taken together, these results highlight that the field choices students make at age 16, when they may have limited information about their skills and the labor market, have effects which last into adulthood.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/223534
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8462 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Age discrimination across the business cycle
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    A key prediction of discrimination models is that competition in the labor market serves as a moderating force on employer discrimination. In the presence of market frictions, however, recessions create excess labor supply and thus generate... mehr

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    DS 63
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    A key prediction of discrimination models is that competition in the labor market serves as a moderating force on employer discrimination. In the presence of market frictions, however, recessions create excess labor supply and thus generate opportunities to engage in discriminatory behaviors far more cheaply. A natural question arises: does discrimination increase during recessions? We focus on age discrimination and test this hypothesis in two ways. We first use employee discrimination charges filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), along with an objective measure of the quality of those charges. For each one percentage point increase in a state-industry's monthly unemployment rate, the volume of age discrimination firing and hiring charges increases by 4.8% and 3.4%, respectively. Even though the incentive to file weaker claims is stronger when unemployment is high, the fraction of meritorious claims also increases significantly when labor market conditions deteriorate. This is a sufficient condition for real (versus merely reported) discrimination to be increasing under mild assumptions. Second, we repurpose data from a correspondence study in which fictitious resumes of women were randomly assigned older versus younger ages and circulated across different cities and time periods during the recovery from the Great Recession. Each one percentage point increase in the local unemployment rate reduces the relative callback rate for older women by 14%.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/223523
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8451 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Why is Workplace Sexual Harassment Underreported? The Value of Outside Options Amid the Threat of Retaliation
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew M.
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Why is workplace sexual harassment chronically underreported? We hypothesize that employers coerce victims into silence through the threat of a retaliatory firing, and test this theory by estimating whether external shocks that reduce the value of a... mehr

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Why is workplace sexual harassment chronically underreported? We hypothesize that employers coerce victims into silence through the threat of a retaliatory firing, and test this theory by estimating whether external shocks that reduce the value of a worker's outside options exacerbate underreporting. Under mild assumptions, a rise in the severity of formal complaints is indicative of increased underreporting. Combining this insight with an objective measure of the quality of charges filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), we perform two analyses. First, we assess whether workers report sexual harassment more selectively during recessions, when outside labor market options are limited. We estimate the fraction of sexual harassment charges deemed to have merit by the EEOC increases by 0.5-0.7% for each one percentage point increase in a state-industry's monthly unemployment rate. The effect is amplified in industries employing a larger fraction of men and in establishments with a higher share of male managers. Second, we test whether less generous UI benefits create economic incentives for victims of workplace sexual harassment to remain silent. We find the selectivity of sexual harassment charges increases by more than 30% in response to a 50% cut to North Carolina's Unemployment Insurance (UI) program following the Great Recession

     
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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; no. w29248
    Schlagworte: Sexuelle Belästigung; Arbeitsplatz
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Bemerkung(en):

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  13. Why is workplace sexual harassment underreported?
    the value of outside options amid the threat of retaliation
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew
    Erschienen: September 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Why is workplace sexual harassment chronically underreported? We hypothesize that employers coerce victims into silence through the threat of a retaliatory firing, and test this theory by estimating whether external shocks that reduce the value of a... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Why is workplace sexual harassment chronically underreported? We hypothesize that employers coerce victims into silence through the threat of a retaliatory firing, and test this theory by estimating whether external shocks that reduce the value of a worker's outside options exacerbate underreporting. Under mild assumptions, a rise in the severity of formal complaints is indicative of increased underreporting. Combining this insight with an objective measure of the quality of charges filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), we perform two analyses. First, we assess whether workers report sexual harassment more selectively during recessions, when outside labor market options are limited. We estimate the fraction of sexual harassment charges deemed to have merit by the EEOC increases by 0.5-0.7% for each one percentage point increase in a state-industry's monthly unemployment rate. The effect is amplified in industries employing a larger fraction of men and in establishments with a higher share of male managers. Second, we test whether less generous UI benefits create economic incentives for victims of workplace sexual harassment to remain silent. We find the selectivity of sexual harassment charges increases by more than 30% in response to a 50% cut to North Carolina's Unemployment Insurance (UI) program following the Great Recession.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/245791
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14740
    Schlagworte: sexual harassment; unemployment; unemployment insurance
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Understanding the rise in life expectancy inequality
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Kreiner, Claus Thustrup; Nielsen, Torben Heien; Serena, Benjamin Ly
    Erschienen: September 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We provide a novel decomposition of changing gaps in life expectancy between rich and poor into differential changes in age-specific mortality rates and differences in "survivability". Declining age-specific mortality rates increases life expectancy,... mehr

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    We provide a novel decomposition of changing gaps in life expectancy between rich and poor into differential changes in age-specific mortality rates and differences in "survivability". Declining age-specific mortality rates increases life expectancy, but the gain is small if the likelihood of living to this age is small (ex ante survivability) or if the expected remaining lifetime is short (ex post survivability). Lower survivability of the poor explains between one-third and one-half of the recent rise in life expectancy inequality in the US and the entire change in Denmark. Our analysis shows that the recent widening of mortality rates between rich and poor due to lifestyle-related diseases does not explain much of the rise in life expectancy inequality. Rather, the dramatic 50% reduction in cardiovascular deaths, which benefited both rich and poor, made initial differences in lifestyle-related mortality more consequential via survivability.

     
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    hdl: 10419/245792
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14741
    Schlagworte: mortality; life expectancy; inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Why is workplace sexual harassment underreported?
    the value of outside options amid the threat of retaliation
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew
    Erschienen: September 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Why is workplace sexual harassment chronically underreported? We hypothesize that employers coerce victims into silence through the threat of a retaliatory firing, and test this theory by estimating whether external shocks that reduce the value of a... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 63
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Why is workplace sexual harassment chronically underreported? We hypothesize that employers coerce victims into silence through the threat of a retaliatory firing, and test this theory by estimating whether external shocks that reduce the value of a worker’s outside options exacerbate underreporting. Under mild assumptions, a rise in the severity of formal complaints is indicative of increased underreporting. Combining this insight with an objective measure of the quality of charges filed with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC), we perform two analyses. First, we assess whether workers report sexual harassment more selectively during recessions, when outside labor market options are limited. We estimate the fraction of sexual harassment charges deemed to have merit by the EEOC increases by 0.5-0.7% for each one percentage point increase in a state-industry’s monthly unemployment rate. The effect is amplified in industries employing a larger fraction of men and in establishments with a higher share of male managers. Second, we test whether less generous UI benefits create economic incentives for victims of workplace sexual harassment to remain silent. We find the selectivity of sexual harassment charges increases by more than 30% in response to a 50% cut to North Carolina’s Unemployment Insurance (UI) program following the Great Recession.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/245501
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9320 (2021)
    Schlagworte: sexual harassment; unemployment; unemployment insurance
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Partisan fertility and presidential elections
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Lu, Runjing; Mullins, William
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Changes in political leadership drive sharp changes in public policy and partisan beliefs about the future. We exploit the surprise 2016 election of Trump to identify the effects of a shift in political power on one of the most consequential... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4
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    Changes in political leadership drive sharp changes in public policy and partisan beliefs about the future. We exploit the surprise 2016 election of Trump to identify the effects of a shift in political power on one of the most consequential household decisions: whether to have a child. Republican-leaning counties experience a sharp and persistent increase in fertility relative to Democratic counties, a shift amounting to 1.2 to 2.2% of the national fertility rate. In addition, Hispanics see fertility fall relative to non-Hispanics, especially compared to rural or evangelical whites.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250609
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14948
    Schlagworte: fertility; partisanship; elections
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Intergenerational and sibling spillovers in high school majors
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
    Erschienen: February 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper estimates family spillovers in high school major choice in Sweden, where admission to oversubscribed majors is determined based on GPA. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find large sibling and intergenerational spillovers that... mehr

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    This paper estimates family spillovers in high school major choice in Sweden, where admission to oversubscribed majors is determined based on GPA. Using a regression discontinuity design, we find large sibling and intergenerational spillovers that depend on the gender mix of a dyad. Same-gender siblings copy one another, while younger brothers recoil from older sister's choices. Fathers and mothers influence sons, but not their daughters, except when a mother majors in the male-dominated program of Engineering. Back of the envelope calculations reveal these within family spillovers have sizable implications for the gender composition of majors.

     
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    hdl: 10419/272572
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15945
    Schlagworte: Intergenerational spillovers; sibling spillovers; high school majors; gender composition of majors
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Unemployment Insurance, Starting Salaries, and Jobs
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew M.
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We study the labor market effects of permanent 23-50% reductions in unemployment insurance benefits available in seven states. Leveraging linked firm-establishment data, we find that establishments based in reform states experience 1.5-2.4% faster... mehr

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    We study the labor market effects of permanent 23-50% reductions in unemployment insurance benefits available in seven states. Leveraging linked firm-establishment data, we find that establishments based in reform states experience 1.5-2.4% faster employment growth relative to the same firm's establishments in other states. Using a similar multi-state firm design, starting salaries are 1.8-7.2% lower in reform states and posted salaries for the same job fall by 1.4-5.5%. These labor supply shocks yield an average labor demand elasticity of -1.0. Our results reveal a substantial decline in match quality and worker bargaining power as UI benefits become less generous

     
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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; no. w30152
    Schlagworte: Arbeitslosenversicherung; Beschäftigungseffekt; Lohnniveau; USA; Public Policy; Unemployment: Models, Duration, Incidence, and Job Search; Unemployment Insurance; Severance Pay; Plant Closings
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  19. Caught between cultures: unintended consequences of improving opportunity for immigrant girls
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Felfe, Christina; Frijters, Paul; Rainer, Helmut
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    What happens when immigrant girls are given increased opportunities to integrate into the workplace and society, but their parents value more traditional cultural outcomes? Building on Akerlof and Kranton's identity framework (2000), we construct a... mehr

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    What happens when immigrant girls are given increased opportunities to integrate into the workplace and society, but their parents value more traditional cultural outcomes? Building on Akerlof and Kranton's identity framework (2000), we construct a simple game-theoretic model which shows how expanding opportunities for immigrant girls can have the unintended consequence of reducing their well-being, since identity-concerned parents will constrain their daughter's choices. The model can explain the otherwise puzzling findings from a reform which granted automatic birthright citizenship to eligible immigrant children born in Germany after January 1, 2000. Using survey data we collected in 57 schools in Germany and comparing those born in the months before versus after the reform, we find that birthright citizenship lowers measures of life satisfaction and self-esteem for immigrant girls. This is especially true for Muslims, where traditional cultural identity is salient. Birthright citizenship results in disillusionment where immigrant Muslim girls believe their chances of achieving their educational goals are lower and the perceived odds of having to forgo a career for family rise. Consistent with the model, immigrant Muslim parents invest less in their daughters' schooling and have a lower probability of speaking German with their daughters if they are born after the reform. We further find that immigrant Muslim girls granted birthright citizenship are less likely to self-identify as German, are more socially isolated, and are less likely to believe foreigners can have a good life in Germany. In contrast, immigrant boys experience, if anything, an improvement in well-being and little effect on other outcomes. Taken together, the findings point towards immigrant girls being pushed by parents to conform to a role within traditional culture, whereas boys are allowed to take advantage of the opportunities that come with citizenship. Alternative models can explain some of the findings in isolation, while our identity model is consistent with all of the findings simultaneously.

     
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    hdl: 10419/223949
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13507
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Long-run returns to field of study in secondary school
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Rooth, Dan-Olof; Stenberg, Anders
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies whether specialized academic fields of study in secondary school, which are common in many countries, affect earnings as an adult. Identification is challenging, because it requires not just quasi-random variation into fields of... mehr

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    This paper studies whether specialized academic fields of study in secondary school, which are common in many countries, affect earnings as an adult. Identification is challenging, because it requires not just quasi-random variation into fields of study, but also an accounting of individuals' next-best alternatives. Our setting is Sweden, where at the end of ninth grade students rank fields of study and admissions to oversubscribed fields is determined based on a student's GPA. We use a regression discontinuity design which allows for different labor market returns for each combination of preferred versus next-best choice, together with nationwide register data for school cohorts from 1977-1991 linked to their earnings as adults. Our analysis yields four main findings. First, Engineering, Natural Science, and Business yield higher earnings relative to most second-best choices, while Social Science and Humanities result in sizable drops, even relative to non-academic vocational programs. Second, the return to completing a field varies substantially as a function of a student's next-best alternative. The magnitudes are often as large as estimates of the return to two years of additional education. Third, the pattern of returns for individuals with different first and second best choices is consistent with comparative advantage for many field choice combinations, while others exhibit either random sorting or comparative disadvantage. Fourth, most of the differences in adult earnings can be attributed to differences in college major and occupation. Taken together, these results highlight that the field choices students make at age 16, when they may have limited information about their skills and the labor market, have effects which last into adulthood.

     
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    hdl: 10419/223950
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13508
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Partisan fertility and presidential elections
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Lu, Runjing; Mullins, William
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Changes in political leadership drive sharp changes in public policy and partisan beliefs about the future. We exploit the surprise 2016 election of Trump to identify the effects of a shift in political power on one of the most consequential... mehr

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    Changes in political leadership drive sharp changes in public policy and partisan beliefs about the future. We exploit the surprise 2016 election of Trump to identify the effects of a shift in political power on one of the most consequential household decisions: whether to have a child. Republican-leaning counties experience a sharp and persistent increase in fertility relative to Democratic counties, a shift amounting to 1.2 to 2.2% of the national fertility rate. In addition, Hispanics see fertility fall relative to non-Hispanics, especially compared to rural or evangelical whites.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/252005
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9488 (2021)
    Schlagworte: fertility; partisanship; elections
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Why is workplace sexual harassment underreported?
    the value of outside options amid the threat of retaliation
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Knepper, Matthew
    Erschienen: 23 September 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16577
    Schlagworte: Sexual harassment; unemployment; Unemployment insurance; Sexual harassment; unemployment; Unemployment insurance
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Partisan fertility and presidential elections
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Lu, Runjing; Mullins, William
    Erschienen: 19 December 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16821
    Schlagworte: Fertility; partisanship; Elections
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Cross-State Strategic Voting
    Autor*in: Dahl, Gordon B.; Engelberg, Joseph; Lu, Runjing; Mullins, William
    Erschienen: February 2023
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    We estimate 3% of the U.S. voter population is registered to vote in two states. Which state these double-registrants choose to vote in reflects incentives and costs, being more prevalent in swing states (higher incentive) and states which... mehr

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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Standort:
    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    We estimate 3% of the U.S. voter population is registered to vote in two states. Which state these double-registrants choose to vote in reflects incentives and costs, being more prevalent in swing states (higher incentive) and states which automatically send out mail-in ballots (lower cost). We call this behavior cross-state strategic voting (CSSV) and estimate there were 317,000 such votes in the 2020 presidential election. Because both Democrats and Republicans engaged in CSSV, the net effect was small, although it could matter in closer elections (e.g., Florida in 2000) or if one party increased CSSV relative to the other

     
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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; no. w30972
    Schlagworte: Wahlverhalten; USA; Political Processes: Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers
  25. Domestic violence and mental health and well-being of victims and their children
    Autor*in: Bhuller, Manudeep; Dahl, Gordon B.; Løken, Katrine V.; Mogstad, Magne
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 11250/3037651
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / NHH, Department of Economics ; SAM 2022, 21 (December 2022)
    Schlagworte: mental health; domestic violence
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen