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  1. Reading Development and Difficulties in Monolingual and Bilingual Chinese Children
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

    This volume explores Chinese reading development, focusing on children in Chinese societies and bilingual Chinese-speaking children in Western societies. The book is structured around four themes: psycholinguistic study of reading, reading... mehr

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    Max-Planck-Institut für ethnologische Forschung, Bibliothek
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Standort:
    Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Universitätsbibliothek
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    eBook Springer
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    Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Universitätsbibliothek, Medizinische Zentralbibliothek
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    eBook Springer
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    Standort:
    Bibliotheks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (BIS)
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    Bibliotheks-und Informationssystem der Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg (BIS)
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    This volume explores Chinese reading development, focusing on children in Chinese societies and bilingual Chinese-speaking children in Western societies. The book is structured around four themes: psycholinguistic study of reading, reading disability, bilingual and biliteracy development, and Chinese children’s literature. It discusses issues that are pertinent to improving language and literacy development, and complex cognitive, linguistic, and socio-cultural factors that underlie language and literacy development. In addition, the book identifies instructional practices that can enhance literacy development and academic achievement. This volume offers an integrative framework of Chinese reading, and deepens our understanding of the intricate processes that underlie Chinese children’s literacy development. It promotes research in reading Chinese and celebrates the distinguished and longstanding career of Richard C. Anderson

     
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    Volltext (lizenzpflichtig)
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789400773806
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: Literacy Studies, Perspectives from Cognitive Neurosciences, Linguistics, Psychology and Education ; 8
    Schlagworte: Education; Applied linguistics; Psycholinguistics; Language and languages; Literacy
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (XX, 252 p. 12 illus., 8 illus. in color), online resource
    Bemerkung(en):

    ForewordPreface -- Psycholinguistic Study of Reading Chinese. Morphological Awareness and Learning to Read Chinese and English -- Visual, Phonological and Orthographic Strategies in Learning to Read Chinese -- How Character Reading Can Be Different from Word Reading in Chinese and Why It Matters for Chinese Reading Development -- Fostering Reading Comprehension and Writing Composition in Chinese Children -- Exploring the Relationship of Parental Influences, Motivation for Reading and Reading Achievement in Chinese First Graders -- Reading Disability in Chinese Children. Helping Children with Reading Disability in Chinese: The Response to Intervention Approach with Effective Evidence-Based Curriculum -- Rapid Automatized Naming and Its Unique Contribution to Reading: Evidence from Chinese Dyslexia -- Bilingual and Biliteracy Development in Chinese and English. L1-Induced Facilitation in Biliteracy Development in Chinese and English -- Effect of Early Bilingualism on Metalinguistic Development and Language Processing: Evidence from Chinese-speaking Bilingual Children -- Contributions of Phonology, Orthography, and Morphology in Chinese-English Biliteracy Acquisition: A One-year Longitudinal Study -- Children’s literature in Chinese. Chinese Children’s Literature in North America -- China and Chinese as Mirrored in Multicultural Youth Literature: A Study of Award-Winning Picture Books Featuring Ethnic Chinese from 1993 to 2009.
  2. Depression in the house
    the effects of household air pollution from solid fuel use in China
    Autor*in: Liu, Yan; Chen, Xi; Yan, Zhijun
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    While adverse health effects of ambient air pollution have been well documented, there is scarce evidence on the impact of household air pollution (HAP) on mental health. We investigated the causal link between HAP exposure from the use of solid fuel... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    While adverse health effects of ambient air pollution have been well documented, there is scarce evidence on the impact of household air pollution (HAP) on mental health. We investigated the causal link between HAP exposure from the use of solid fuel on depressive symptoms using a nationally representative dataset of middle-aged and older population in China. Employing the propensity match score method (PSM), matching and adjusting for potential confounders, we found significantly higher Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score and risk of depressive symptoms among solid fuel users than clean fuel users. These associations were especially stronger for older females who were less educated, of lower income, of higher body mass index, or had chronic diseases.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/204479
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 407
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The effects of prenatal exposure to temperature extremes on birth outcomes
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi; Tan, Chih Ming; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xin
    Erschienen: January 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper investigates the effects of prenatal exposure to extreme temperatures on birth outcomes - specifically, the log of birth weight and an indicator for low birth weight - using a nationally representative dataset in rural China. During the... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4
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    This paper investigates the effects of prenatal exposure to extreme temperatures on birth outcomes - specifically, the log of birth weight and an indicator for low birth weight - using a nationally representative dataset in rural China. During the span of our data (i.e., 1991-2000), indoor air-conditioning was not widely available and migration was limited, allowing us to address identification issues endemic in the climate change literature related to adaptation and location sorting. We find substantial heterogeneity in the effects of extreme temperature exposure on birth outcomes. In particular, prenatal exposure to heat waves has stronger negative effects than exposure to cold spells on survivors.

     
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    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215313
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12917
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. The impact of air pollution on attributable risks and economic costs of hospitalization for mental disorders
    Autor*in: Wu, Ziting; Chen, Xi; Li, Guoxing; Lin, Tian; Wang, Zhan; Xiong, Xiuqin; Yang, Chuan; Zhou, Zijun; Pan, Xiaochuan
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This study aims to fill the gap in our understanding about exposure to particulate matters with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and attributable risks and economic costs of mental disorders (MDs). We identify the relationship between PM2.5 and risk... mehr

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    This study aims to fill the gap in our understanding about exposure to particulate matters with diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and attributable risks and economic costs of mental disorders (MDs). We identify the relationship between PM2.5 and risk of hospital admissions (HAs) for MDs in Beijing and measure the attributable risk and economic cost. We apply a generalized additive model (GAM) with controls for time trend, meteorological conditions, holidays and day of the week. Stratified analyses are performed by age, gender and season. We further estimate health and economic burden of HAs for MDs attributable to PM2.5. A total of 17,252 HAs for MDs are collected. We show that PM2.5 accounts for substantial morbidity and economic burden of MDs. Specifically, a 10 μg/m3 daily increase in PM2.5 is associated with a 3.55% increase in the risk of HAs for MDs, and the effect is more pronounced for older males in colder weather. According to the WHO's air quality guidelines, 15.12 percent of HAs and 16.19 percent of related medical expenses for MDs are respectively attributable to PM2.5.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/213879
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 475
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Does money relieve depression?
    evidence from social pension expansions in China
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi; Wang, Tianyu; Busch, Susan H.
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    We estimate the impact of pension enrollment on mental well-being using China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), the largest existing pension program in the world. Since its launch in 2009, more than 400 million Chinese have enrolled in the NRPS. We... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    We estimate the impact of pension enrollment on mental well-being using China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), the largest existing pension program in the world. Since its launch in 2009, more than 400 million Chinese have enrolled in the NRPS. We first describe plausible pathways through which pension may affect mental health. We then use the national sample of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) to examine the effect of pension enrollment on mental health, as measured by CES-D and self-reported depressive symptoms. To overcome the endogeneity of pension enrollment or of income change on mental health, we exploit geographic variation in pension program implementation. Results indicate modest to large reductions in depressive symptoms due to pension enrollment; this effect is more pronounced among individuals eligible to claim pension income, among populations with more financial constraints, and among those with worse baseline mental health. Our findings hold for a rich set of robustness checks and falsification tests.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/188927
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 285
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Health inequality among Chinese older adults
    the role of childhood circumstances
    Autor*in: Yan, Binjian; Chen, Xi; Gill, Thomas M.
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This paper examines the extent to which childhood circumstances contribute to health inequality in old age and how the contributions may vary across key dimensions of health. We link the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    This paper examines the extent to which childhood circumstances contribute to health inequality in old age and how the contributions may vary across key dimensions of health. We link the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013 and 2015 with its Life History Survey in 2014 to quantify health inequality due to childhood circumstances for which they have little control. We evaluate comprehensive dimensions of health ranging from cognitive health, mental health, physical health, self-rated health to mortality. Our analytic sample includes about 8,000 Chinese persons age above 60. Using the Shapley value decomposition approach, we first show that childhood circumstances may explain 1-23 percent of health inequality in old age across multiple health outcomes. Second, while both direct health-related circumstances and indirect health-related circumstances contribute significantly to health inequality, the latter tends to be more sizable. Our findings support the value of a life course approach in identifying the key determinants of health in old age.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211495
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 451
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Prenatal sunshine exposure and birth outcomes in China
    Autor*in: Zhang, Xin; Wang, Yixuan; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xun
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This paper is one of the first to examine the associations between prenatal sunshine exposure and birth outcomes, specifically the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA), based on a nationally representative birth... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    This paper is one of the first to examine the associations between prenatal sunshine exposure and birth outcomes, specifically the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA), based on a nationally representative birth record dataset in China. During the sample period in the 1990s, migration was limited in rural China, allowing us to address the identification challenges, like residential sorting and avoidance behaviors. We found a nonlinear relationship between the length of sunlight and birth outcomes. In particular, prenatal exposure to increasing sunshine was associated with a reduction in the incidence of LBW and SGA, especially in the second trimester during pregnancy. This finding was consistent with the clinical evidence suggesting positive effects of sunshine on birth outcomes via obtaining vitamin D or relieving maternal stress.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211496
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 452
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Social security expansion and neighborhood cohesion
    evidence from community-living older adults in China
    Autor*in: Bradley, Elizabeth H.; Chen, Xi; Tang, Gaojie
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Grants and services provided by the government may crowd out informal arrangements, thus weakening informal caring relations and networks. In this paper, we examine the impact of social security expansion on neighborhood cohesion of elders using... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    Grants and services provided by the government may crowd out informal arrangements, thus weakening informal caring relations and networks. In this paper, we examine the impact of social security expansion on neighborhood cohesion of elders using China’s New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), one of the largest existing pension program in the world. Since its launch in 2009, more than 400 million Chinese have enrolled in NRPS. We use two waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the effect of pension receipt on two dimensions of neighborhood cohesion among older adults, i.e. participation in collective recreational activities (e.g., socializing and organizational activities) and altruistic activities (e.g., helping those in need in the community), and the frequencies of these activities. Employing an instrumental variable approach, our empirical strategy addresses the endogeneity of pension receipt via exploiting geographic variation in pension program roll-out. We find evidence that receiving pension only slightly reduces collective recreational activities while significantly crowding out altruistic activities in the communities.

     
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    hdl: 10419/211497
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 453
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Early life environments and frailty in old age among Chinese older adults
    Autor*in: Li, Yaxi; Xue, Qian-Li; Odden, Michelle C.; Chen, Xi; Wu, Chenkai
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Exposures in childhood and adolescence may impact the development of diseases and symptoms in late life. However, evidence from low- and middle- income countries is scarce. In this study, we examined the association of early life risk factors with... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 565
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    Exposures in childhood and adolescence may impact the development of diseases and symptoms in late life. However, evidence from low- and middle- income countries is scarce. In this study, we examined the association of early life risk factors with frailty among older adults using a large, nationally representative cohort of community-dwelling Chinese sample. 6,806 participants aged ≥60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included. We measured 13 risk factors in childhood or adolescence through self-reports, encompassing six dimensions (education, family economic status, nutritional status, domestic violence, neighborhood, and health). We used multinomial regression models to examine the association between risk factors and frailty and further calculated the absolute risk difference for the statistically significant factors. Results show that worse health condition in childhood and unfavorable childhood and adolescent socioeconomic status as measured by educational attainment and neighborhood quality may increase the risk of late-life frailty among Chinese older adults. Severe starvation in childhood was associated with higher risk of prefrailty. The risk differences of being frail were 5.7% lower for persons with a high school or above education, 1.5% lower for those whose fathers were literate, 4.8% lower for the highest neighborhood quality, and 2.9% higher for worse childhood health status compared to their counterparts.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/211498
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 454
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Prenatal sunshine exposure and birth outcomes in China
    Autor*in: Zhang, Xin; Wang, Yixuan; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xun
    Erschienen: December 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper is one of the first to examine the associations between prenatal sunshine exposure and birth outcomes, specifically the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA), based on a nationally representative birth... mehr

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    This paper is one of the first to examine the associations between prenatal sunshine exposure and birth outcomes, specifically the incidence of low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA), based on a nationally representative birth record dataset in China. During the sample period in the 1990s, migration was limited in rural China, allowing us to address the identification challenges, like residential sorting and avoidance behaviors. We found a nonlinear relationship between the length of sunlight and birth outcomes. In particular, prenatal exposure to increasing sunshine was associated with a reduction in the incidence of LBW and SGA, especially in the second trimester during pregnancy. This finding was consistent with the clinical evidence suggesting positive effects of sunshine on birth outcomes via obtaining vitamin D or relieving maternal stress.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215273
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12877
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Health inequality among Chinese older adults
    the role of childhood circumstances
    Autor*in: Yan, Binjian; Chen, Xi; Gill, Thomas M.
    Erschienen: December 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper examines the extent to which childhood circumstances contribute to health inequality in old age and how the contributions may vary across key dimensions of health. We link the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013... mehr

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 4
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    This paper examines the extent to which childhood circumstances contribute to health inequality in old age and how the contributions may vary across key dimensions of health. We link the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013 and 2015 with its Life History Survey in 2014 to quantify health inequality due to childhood circumstances for which they have little control. We evaluate comprehensive dimensions of health ranging from cognitive health, mental health, physical health, self-rated health to mortality. Our analytic sample includes about 8,000 Chinese persons age above 60. Using the Shapley value decomposition approach, we first show that childhood circumstances may explain 1-23 percent of health inequality in old age across multiple health outcomes. Second, while both direct health-related circumstances and indirect health-related circumstances contribute significantly to health inequality, the latter tends to be more sizable. Our findings support the value of a life course approach in identifying the key determinants of health in old age.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215269
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12873
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Leaving money on the table?
    suboptimal enrollment in the new social pension program in China
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi; Hu, Lipeng; Sindelar, Jody Louise
    Erschienen: December 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    China's recently implemented New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), the largest social pension program in the world, was designed to provide financial protection for its rural population and reduce economic inequities. Yet the impact of this program is... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 4
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    China's recently implemented New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), the largest social pension program in the world, was designed to provide financial protection for its rural population and reduce economic inequities. Yet the impact of this program is mitigated if those eligible fail to enroll. This paper examines the extent to which pension-eligible individuals, and their families, make optimal pension decisions. Families are involved in the NRPS decisions because, in most cases, adult children need to enroll as a prerequisite of their parents' receipt of benefits. We examine the decisions of both those eligible for pension benefits (i.e. over 60 years old) and their adult children. We use the rural sample of the 2012 China Family Panel Studies to study determinants of the decision to enroll in NRPS, premiums paid, and time taken to enroll.We find evidence of low and suboptimal pension enrollment by eligible individuals and their families. Suboptimal enrollment takes various forms including failure to switch from the dominated default pension program to NRPS and evidence that families do not make mutually beneficial intra-family decisions. For the older cohort, few individual and family characteristics are significant in enrollment decisions, but village characteristics play an important role. For the younger cohort, more individual-level characteristics are significant, including own and children's education. Village characteristics are important but not as much as for the older cohort. Our finding of suboptimal enrollment is important as it highlights the need for policies to improve enrollment. This paper provides needed information on the extent of the factors relating to suboptimal enrollment.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215239
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12843
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Social security expansion and neighborhood cohesion
    evidence from community-living older adults in China
    Autor*in: Bradley, Elizabeth H.; Chen, Xi; Tang, Gaojie
    Erschienen: December 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Grants and services provided by the government may crowd out informal arrangements, thus weakening informal caring relations and networks. In this paper, we examine the impact of social security expansion on neighborhood cohesion of elders using... mehr

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 4
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Grants and services provided by the government may crowd out informal arrangements, thus weakening informal caring relations and networks. In this paper, we examine the impact of social security expansion on neighborhood cohesion of elders using China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), one of the largest existing pension program in the world. Since its launch in 2009, more than 400 million Chinese have enrolled in NRPS. We use two waves of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) to examine the effect of pension receipt on two dimensions of neighborhood cohesion among older adults, i.e. participation in collective recreational activities (e.g., socializing and organizational activities) and altruistic activities (e.g., helping those in need in the community), and the frequencies of these activities. Employing an instrumental variable approach, our empirical strategy addresses the endogeneity of pension receipt via exploiting geographic variation in pension program roll-out. We find evidence that receiving pension only slightly reduces collective recreational activities while significantly crowding out altruistic activities in the communities.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215211
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12815
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Reading Development and Difficulties in Monolingual and Bilingual Chinese Children
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

    This volume explores Chinese reading development, focusing on children in Chinese societies and bilingual Chinese-speaking children in Western societies. The book is structured around four themes: psycholinguistic study of reading, reading... mehr

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    Technische Universität Chemnitz, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Max-Planck-Institut für ethnologische Forschung, Bibliothek
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Bibliotheksservice-Zentrum Baden-Württemberg (BSZ)
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    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Otto-von-Guericke-Universität, Universitätsbibliothek
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    eBook Springer
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    This volume explores Chinese reading development, focusing on children in Chinese societies and bilingual Chinese-speaking children in Western societies. The book is structured around four themes: psycholinguistic study of reading, reading disability, bilingual and biliteracy development, and Chinese children’s literature. It discusses issues that are pertinent to improving language and literacy development, and complex cognitive, linguistic, and socio-cultural factors that underlie language and literacy development. In addition, the book identifies instructional practices that can enhance literacy development and academic achievement. This volume offers an integrative framework of Chinese reading, and deepens our understanding of the intricate processes that underlie Chinese children’s literacy development. It promotes research in reading Chinese and celebrates the distinguished and longstanding career of Richard C. Anderson

     
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    Beteiligt: Wang, Qiuying (Hrsg.); Luo, Yang Cathy (Hrsg.)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789400773806
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    Schriftenreihe: Literacy Studies, Perspectives from Cognitive Neurosciences, Linguistics, Psychology and Education ; 8
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    Schlagworte: Applied linguistics; Psycholinguistics; Language and languages; Literacy; Education; Education; Applied linguistics; Psycholinguistics; Language and languages; Literacy
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (XX, 252 p. 12 illus., 8 illus. in color, online resource)
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    ForewordPreface -- Psycholinguistic Study of Reading Chinese. Morphological Awareness and Learning to Read Chinese and English -- Visual, Phonological and Orthographic Strategies in Learning to Read Chinese -- How Character Reading Can Be Different from Word Reading in Chinese and Why It Matters for Chinese Reading Development -- Fostering Reading Comprehension and Writing Composition in Chinese Children -- Exploring the Relationship of Parental Influences, Motivation for Reading and Reading Achievement in Chinese First Graders -- Reading Disability in Chinese Children. Helping Children with Reading Disability in Chinese: The Response to Intervention Approach with Effective Evidence-Based Curriculum -- Rapid Automatized Naming and Its Unique Contribution to Reading: Evidence from Chinese Dyslexia -- Bilingual and Biliteracy Development in Chinese and English. L1-Induced Facilitation in Biliteracy Development in Chinese and English -- Effect of Early Bilingualism on Metalinguistic Development and Language Processing: Evidence from Chinese-speaking Bilingual Children -- Contributions of Phonology, Orthography, and Morphology in Chinese-English Biliteracy Acquisition: A One-year Longitudinal Study -- Children’s literature in Chinese. Chinese Children’s Literature in North America -- China and Chinese as Mirrored in Multicultural Youth Literature: A Study of Award-Winning Picture Books Featuring Ethnic Chinese from 1993 to 2009.
  15. The impact of social pensions on intergenerational relationships
    comparative evidence from China
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi; Eggleston, Karen; Sun, Ang
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    China launched a new rural pension scheme (hereafter NRPS) for rural residents in 2009, now covering almost all counties with over 400 million people enrolled. This implementation of the largest social pension program in the world offers a unique... mehr

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    China launched a new rural pension scheme (hereafter NRPS) for rural residents in 2009, now covering almost all counties with over 400 million people enrolled. This implementation of the largest social pension program in the world offers a unique setting for studying the economics of intergenerational relationships during development, given the rapidity of China's population aging, traditions of filial piety and co-residence, decreasing number of children, and dearth of formal social security, at a relatively low income level. We draw on rich household surveys from two provinces at distinct development stages - impoverished Guizhou and relatively well-off Shandong - to better understand heterogeneity in the impact of pension benefits. Employing a fuzzy regression discontinuity design, we find that around the pension eligibility age cut-off, the NRPS significantly reduces intergenerational co-residence, especially between elderly parents and their adults sons; promotes pensioners' healthcare service consumption; and weakens (but does not supplant) non-pecuniary and pecuniary transfers across three generations. These effects are much larger in less developed Guizhou province.

     
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    hdl: 10419/156694
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 53
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Happiness in the air
    how does a dirty sky affect mental health and subjective well-being?
    Autor*in: Zhang, Xin; Zhang, Xiaobo; Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    Previous studies evaluating the welfare cost of air pollution have not paid much attention to its potential effect on mental health and subjective well-being (SWB). This paper attempts to fill the gap by investigating the impact of air pollution on... mehr

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    Previous studies evaluating the welfare cost of air pollution have not paid much attention to its potential effect on mental health and subjective well-being (SWB). This paper attempts to fill the gap by investigating the impact of air pollution on several key dimensions, including mental health status, depressive symptoms, moment-to-moment happiness, and evaluative happiness. We match a nationwide longitudinal survey in China with local air quality and rich weather conditions according to the exact time and place of survey. By making use of variations in exposure to air pollution for the same individuals over time, we show that air pollution reduces hedonic happiness and increases the rate of depressive symptoms, while life satisfaction has little to do with the immediate air quality. Our results shed light on air pollution as an important contributor to the Easterlin paradox that economic growth may not bring more happiness.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 56
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  17. Smog in our brains
    gender differences in the impact of exposure to air pollution on cognitive performance
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xiaobo; Zhang, Xin
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    While there is a large body of literature on the negative health effects of air pollution, there is much less written about its effects on cognitive performance for the whole population. This paper studies the effects of contemporaneous and... mehr

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    While there is a large body of literature on the negative health effects of air pollution, there is much less written about its effects on cognitive performance for the whole population. This paper studies the effects of contemporaneous and cumulative exposure to air pollution on cognitive performance based on a nationally representative survey in China. Bymerging a longitudinal sample at the individual level with local air-quality data according to the exact dates and counties of interviews, we find that contemporaneous and cumulative exposure to air pollution impedes both verbal and math scores of survey subjects. Interestingly, the negative effect is stronger for men than for women. Specifically, the gender difference is more salient among the old and less educated in both verbal and math tests.

     
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    hdl: 10419/155762
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 32
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  18. Do skewed sex ratios among children promote parental smoking?
    longitudinal evidence from rural China
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    China and some other Asian countries have experienced skewed sex ratios, triggering intense competition and pressure in the marriage market. Meanwhile, China has more smokers than any other country, with half of men smoke while few women smoke. Men... mehr

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    China and some other Asian countries have experienced skewed sex ratios, triggering intense competition and pressure in the marriage market. Meanwhile, China has more smokers than any other country, with half of men smoke while few women smoke. Men are the major income earners in most Chinese families and thus bear much of the financial burden in preparation for children’s marriage. This paper investigates how a demographic factor - a large number of surplus men in the marriage market in China - affects their fathers' smoking behavior. We utilize two household longitudinal surveys as well as a random subsample of the China Population Census to examine fathers' smoking in response to skewed sex ratios. Strikingly, fathers smoke more for families with a son living in communities with higher sex ratios. In contrast, those with a daughter do not demonstrate this pattern. Coping with the marriage market pressure is a more plausible pathway linking the observed skewed sex ratios among children and intense smoking among fathers. Considering worsening sex ratios and highly competitive marriage market in the coming decade as well as lasting health impacts due to smoking, policies suppressing unbalanced sex ratios could lead to welfare gains.

     
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    hdl: 10419/172501
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 159
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Depression in the house
    the effects of household air pollution from solid fuel use in China
    Autor*in: Liu, Yan; Chen, Xi; Yan, Zhijun
    Erschienen: September 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    While adverse health effects of ambient air pollution have been well documented, there is scarce evidence on the impact of household air pollution (HAP) on mental health. We investigated the causal link between HAP exposure from the use of solid fuel... mehr

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    While adverse health effects of ambient air pollution have been well documented, there is scarce evidence on the impact of household air pollution (HAP) on mental health. We investigated the causal link between HAP exposure from the use of solid fuel on depressive symptoms using a nationally representative dataset of middle-aged and older population in China. Employing the Propensity score matching (PSM), matching and adjusting for potential confounders, we found significantly higher Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) score and risk of depressive symptoms among solid fuel users than clean fuel users. These associations were especially stronger for older females who were less educated, of lower income, of higher body mass index, or had chronic diseases.

     
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    hdl: 10419/207479
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12654
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Smog, cognition and real-world decision making
    Autor*in: Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Maastricht

    Cognitive functioning is critical as in our daily life a host of real-world complex decisions in highstakes markets have to be made. The decision-making process can be vulnerable to environmental stressors. Summarizing the growing economic and... mehr

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    Cognitive functioning is critical as in our daily life a host of real-world complex decisions in highstakes markets have to be made. The decision-making process can be vulnerable to environmental stressors. Summarizing the growing economic and epidemiologic evidence linking air pollution, cognition performance and real-world decision making, we first illustrate key physiological and psychological pathways between air pollution and cognition. We then document the main patterns of air pollution affecting cognitive test performance by type of cognitive tests, gender, window of exposure, age profile, and educational attainment. We further extend to a review of real-world decision making that has been found to be affected by air pollution and the resulting cognitive impairments. Finally, rich implications on environmental health policies are drawn based on existing evaluations of social costs of air pollution

     
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    hdl: 10419/183213
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 266
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 13 Seiten)
  21. Early life environments and frailty in old age among Chinese older adults
    Autor*in: Li, Yaxi; Xue, Qian-Li; Odden, Michelle C.; Chen, Xi; Wu, Chenkai
    Erschienen: November 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Exposures in childhood and adolescence may impact the development of diseases and symptoms in late life. However, evidence from low- and middle- income countries is scarce. In this study, we examined the association of early life risk factors with... mehr

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    Exposures in childhood and adolescence may impact the development of diseases and symptoms in late life. However, evidence from low- and middle- income countries is scarce. In this study, we examined the association of early life risk factors with frailty among older adults using a large, nationally representative cohort of community-dwelling Chinese sample. 6,806 participants aged ≥60 years from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were included. We measured 13 risk factors in childhood or adolescence through self-reports, encompassing six dimensions (education, family economic status, nutritional status, domestic violence, neighborhood, and health). We used multinomial regression models to examine the association between risk factors and frailty and further calculated the absolute risk difference for the statistically significant factors. Results show that worse health condition in childhood and unfavorable childhood and adolescent socioeconomic status as measured by educational attainment and neighborhood quality may increase the risk of late-life frailty among Chinese older adults. Severe starvation in childhood was associated with higher risk of prefrailty. The risk differences of being frail were 5.7% lower for persons with a high school or above education, 1.5% lower for those whose fathers were literate, 4.8% lower for the highest neighborhood quality, and 2.9% higher for worse childhood health status compared to their counterparts.

     
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    hdl: 10419/215160
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12764
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The role of institutional trust in medical care seeking during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Autor*in: Wong, Li Ping; Wu, Qunhong; Hao, Yanhua; Chen, Xi; Chen, Zhuo; Alias, Haridah; Shen, Mingwang; Hu, Jingcen; Duan, Shiwei; Zhang, Jinjie; Han, Liyuan
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This paper investigates the associations between institution trust and public response to the COVID-19 outbreak. An Internet-based, cross-sectional survey was administered on January 29, 2020 to the epicenter Hubei province, China. A total of 4,393... mehr

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    This paper investigates the associations between institution trust and public response to the COVID-19 outbreak. An Internet-based, cross-sectional survey was administered on January 29, 2020 to the epicenter Hubei province, China. A total of 4,393 adults who ≥18 years of age and residing or working in the province of Hubei were included in the study. The majority of the participants expressed a higher level of trust in the information and preventive instructions provided by the central government than by the local government. Being under quarantine (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.80-3.08) and having a high institutional trust score (OR = 2.23, 95% CI 1.96-2.53) were both strong and significant determinants of higher preventive behavior scores. The majority of study participants (85.7%, n = 3,640) reported that they would seek hospital treatment if they suspected themselves to have been infected with COVID-19. Few of the participants from Wuhan (16.6%, n = 475) and those participants who were under quarantine (13.8%, n = 550) expressed an unwillingness to seek hospital treatment. Institutional trust is an important factor influencing adequate preventive behavior and seeking formal medical care during an outbreak.

     
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    hdl: 10419/217496
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 558
    Schlagworte: Coronavirus; Coping-Strategie; Institutionelle Infrastruktur; Vertrauen; Erhebungstechnik; Hubei; Wuhan; China
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. The effects of exposure to air pollution on subjective well-being in China
    Autor*in: Zhang, Xin; Chen, Xi; Zhang, Xiaobo
    Erschienen: April 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies the impact of six main air pollutants on three key dimensions of subjective well-being (SWB) - life satisfaction, hedonic happiness and mental health. We match a nationally representative survey in China with local air quality and... mehr

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    This paper studies the impact of six main air pollutants on three key dimensions of subjective well-being (SWB) - life satisfaction, hedonic happiness and mental health. We match a nationally representative survey in China with local air quality and rich weather conditions according to the exact date and county of each interview. By making use of variations in exposures to air pollution across similar respondents living in the same county, we find that PM2.5 reduces hedonic happiness and increases the rate of depressive symptoms, but does not affect life satisfaction. Our results show that the benefits of reducing air pollution would be higher if the hidden costs of air pollution on SWB in China are taken into account.

     
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    hdl: 10419/196811
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12313
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  24. Re-examining supplier-induced demand in health care
    comparisons among patients affiliated and not affiliated with healthcare professionals in China
    Autor*in: Si, Yafei; Zhou, Zhongliang; Su, Min; Hu, Han; Yang, Zesen; Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Doing "more" in healthcare can be a major threat to the delivery of high-quality health care. This study used coarsened exact matching to test the hypothesis of supplier-induced demand (SID) by comparing health care utilization and expenditures... mehr

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    Doing "more" in healthcare can be a major threat to the delivery of high-quality health care. This study used coarsened exact matching to test the hypothesis of supplier-induced demand (SID) by comparing health care utilization and expenditures between patients affiliated with healthcare professionals and their counterpart patients not affiliated with healthcare professionals. Using the China Labor-force Dynamics Survey (CLDS) in 2014, we identified 806 patients affiliated with healthcare professionals and 22,788 patients not affiliated with healthcare professionals. The matched outpatient proportion of patients not affiliated with healthcare professionals was 0.6% higher (p=.754) than that of their counterparts, and the matched inpatient proportion was 1.1% lower (p =.167). Patients not affiliated with healthcare professionals paid significantly more (680 CNY or 111 USD, p<.001) than their counterparts did per outpatient visit, while patients not affiliated with healthcare professionals paid insignificantly less (2,061 CNY or 336 USD, p=.751) than their counterparts did per inpatient visit. Our results lend support to the SID and highlight the need for policies to address the large outpatient care expenses for patients not affiliated with healthcare professionals. Our study also suggests that as the public becomes more informed, the demand of health care may persist while heath care expenditure per outpatient visit may decline sharply due to the weakened SID. To address misbehaviors and contain costs in health care provision, it is important to realign provider incentives.

     
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    hdl: 10419/225242
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 688
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  25. Pension and health services utilization: evidence from social pension expansion in China
    Autor*in: Chen, Shanquan; Chen, Xi; Law, Stephen; Lucas, Henry; Tang, Shenlan; Long, Qian; Xue, Lei; Wang, Zheng
    Erschienen: November 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The proportion of people aged 60 years or over is growing faster than other age groups. The well-being older adults depend heavily on their state of health. This study evaluates the effects of pensions on older adults' health service utilization, and... mehr

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    The proportion of people aged 60 years or over is growing faster than other age groups. The well-being older adults depend heavily on their state of health. This study evaluates the effects of pensions on older adults' health service utilization, and estimates the size of pension required to influence such utilization. Using a nationally representative survey, the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we adopted a fuzzy regression discontinuity design and undertook segmented regression analysis. Pension demonstrated heterogeneous effects on health service utilization by income. We show that pension encouraged low-income individuals to use both outpatient (OR = 1.219, 95% 1.018-1.460) and inpatient services (OR = 1.269, 95% 1.020-1.579). In the meantime, it promoted self-treatment, specifically over-the-counter (OR = 1.208, 95% 1.037-1.407; OR = 1.206, 95% 1.024-1.419; respectively) and traditional Chinese medicines (OR = 1.452, 95% 1.094-1.932; OR = 1.456, 95% 1.079-1.955; respectively) among all income groups. However, receiving a pension had no effect on the frequency of outpatient or inpatient service use. Breakpoints for pension to promote health service utilization were mainly located in the range 55-95 CNY (7.1-12.3 EUR or 8.0-13.8 USD). Our study enriches the literature on pension and healthcare-seeking behaviour, and can be helpful in policy design and model formulation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/232628
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13876
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen