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  1. Remote working and mental health during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Cavapozzi, Danilo; Pasini, Giacomo; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We use longitudinal data from the SHARE survey to estimate the causal effect of remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of senior Europeans. We face endogeneity concerns both for the probability of being employed during the... mehr

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    We use longitudinal data from the SHARE survey to estimate the causal effect of remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of senior Europeans. We face endogeneity concerns both for the probability of being employed during the pandemic and for the choice of different work arrangements conditional on employment. Our research design overcomes these issues by exploiting variation in the technical feasibility of remote working across occupations and in the legal restrictions to in-presence work across sectors. We estimate heterogeneous effects of remote working on mental health: we find negative effects for respondents with children at home and for those living in countries with low restrictions or low excess death rates due to the pandemic. On the other hand, the effect is positive for men and for respondents with no co-residing children.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250434
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14773
    Schlagworte: mental health; remote working; COVID-19; SHARE
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Digital access to healthcare services and healthcare utilization: a quasi-experiment
    Autor*in: Antinyan, Armenak; Bellio, Stefania; Bertoni, Marco; Corazzini, Luca; Narne, Elena
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    An Italian region introduced a web portal allowing women to manage online their appointment in the public cervical cancer screening program, besides the standard possibility of doing it via phone. We report quasi-experimental evidence on how access... mehr

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    An Italian region introduced a web portal allowing women to manage online their appointment in the public cervical cancer screening program, besides the standard possibility of doing it via phone. We report quasi-experimental evidence on how access to the portal changes screening behaviour. We find that eligible women do manage their appointment online. The introduction of the portal also reduces attendance of the screening program. Two factors contribute to explain this finding. First, by encouraging women not to take a screening test if they performed an analogous one in the previous three years, the portal reduces overly-frequent screening. Second, the portal induces procrastination in rescheduling the appointment. We also find that, when they cancel their appointment online, women are more likely to share information about their screening episodes in the private health sector, that is useful to schedule future screening appointments.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250577
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14916
    Schlagworte: ICT intervention; cervical cancer; screening uptake; quasi-experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Where do i stand?
    assessing researchers' beliefs about their relative productivity
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Checchi, Daniele; Rocco, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: August 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    In 2017 the Italian government established the Fund to Finance Basic Research Activities - FFABR - with the purpose of assigning a 3,000 euros research grant to the most productive applicants among eligible assistant and associate professors. We show... mehr

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    In 2017 the Italian government established the Fund to Finance Basic Research Activities - FFABR - with the purpose of assigning a 3,000 euros research grant to the most productive applicants among eligible assistant and associate professors. We show that, rather surprisingly, many low-productivity researchers applied to the program while many high-productivity ones did not. Our evidence from both a simple structural model of program participation estimated on registry data and a survey of the eligible population suggests that high-productivity researchers under-estimate their own position in the productivity distribution relative to the assignment threshold, while the opposite holds for low-productivity ones.

     
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    hdl: 10419/227164
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13637
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. The long-term consequences of a golden nest
    Autor*in: Angelini, Viola; Bertoni, Marco; Weber, Guglielmo
    Erschienen: September 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We study the role played by the standard of living during childhood on nest leaving. Using data from SHARE, we show empirically that individuals who grew up in a golden nest leave the parental home later and that education only partially mediates... mehr

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    We study the role played by the standard of living during childhood on nest leaving. Using data from SHARE, we show empirically that individuals who grew up in a golden nest leave the parental home later and that education only partially mediates this effect. This relationship holds across different cultures, for both males and females, urban and rural residents. We then use a 3-period lifecycle model to show that this behaviour is consistent with standard assumptions on preferences and resources if earnings increase with age, and that habit-forming preferences reinforce the delaying effect of a golden nest on nest leaving.

     
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    hdl: 10419/227186
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13659
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. If (my) 6 was (your) 9: reporting heterogeneity in student evaluations of teaching
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Rettore, Enrico; Rocco, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: August 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Student Evaluations of Teaching (SET) are subjective measures of student satisfaction that are often used to assess teaching quality. In this paper, we show that heterogeneity in students' reporting styles challenges SET validity. Using... mehr

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    Student Evaluations of Teaching (SET) are subjective measures of student satisfaction that are often used to assess teaching quality. In this paper, we show that heterogeneity in students' reporting styles challenges SET validity. Using administrative data that allow us to track all evaluations produced by each student, we are able to isolate student-specific reporting scales. We show that reporting heterogeneity explains at least one third of the within-course variation in SET.We also document that students sort across elective courses according to their reporting style. As a result, the average evaluation of two otherwise identical electives can differ only because of heterogeneity in the reporting style of students attending them. Using a simulation exercise, we show that this type of sorting coupled with large sampling variability severely alter the ranking of courses within a major, calling into question the use of SET to incentivise teachers.

     
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    hdl: 10419/224007
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13565
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Human capital during recessions
    Autor*in: Brunello, Giorgio; Bertoni, Marco
    Erschienen: March 2021
    Verlag:  Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

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    ISBN: 9789276213888
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    Schriftenreihe: EENEE analytical report ; no. 43
    Schlagworte: Berufsbildung; Weiterbildung; Betriebliches Bildungsmanagement; Bildungsinvestition; Konjunktur; EU-Staaten
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. External monitors and score manipulation in italian schools
    symptomatic treatment or cure?
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; De Benedetto, Marco Alberto; De Paola, Maria
    Erschienen: September 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We use the repeated random assignment of external examiners to school institutes in Italy to investigate whether the effect of external monitoring on test score manipulation persists over time. We find that this effect is still present in the tests... mehr

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    We use the repeated random assignment of external examiners to school institutes in Italy to investigate whether the effect of external monitoring on test score manipulation persists over time. We find that this effect is still present in the tests taken one year after exposure to the examiners, and is stronger for open-ended questions, for small school institutes, and for institutes located in the northern and central regions of the country. In the second year after exposure, however, this effect disappears, suggesting that monitoring is a symptomatic treatment rather than a cure of score manipulation. We discuss learning, reputational concerns, peer pressure and teacher preferences as potential mechanisms behind our findings, and present some evidence on the role played by social capital and high stakes.

     
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    hdl: 10419/207416
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12591
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Remote working and mental health during the first wave of COVID‐19 pandemic
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Cavapozzi, Danilo; Pasini, Giacomo; Pavese, Caterina
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Netspar, Network for Studies on Pensions, Aging and Retirement, [Tilburg]

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2021, 044 (10)
    Schlagworte: mental health; remote working; COVID-19; SHARE
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Pension reforms, longer working horizons and depression
    does the risk of automation matter?
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Da Re, Filippo
    Erschienen: November 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the effect of postponing minimum retirement age on middle-aged workers' depression. Using pension reforms in several European countries and data from the SHARE survey, we find that depression increases with a longer work horizon, but... mehr

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    We investigate the effect of postponing minimum retirement age on middle-aged workers' depression. Using pension reforms in several European countries and data from the SHARE survey, we find that depression increases with a longer work horizon, but only among workers employed in occupations with a relatively high risk of automation. We rule out alternatives to this risk, including job strenuousness, education, gender, and the degree of routinization of occupations. We explain our results with the higher job insecurity associated with occupations more exposed to automation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/267437
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15700
    Schlagworte: pension reforms; depression; automation; SHARE
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Ordinal rank and peer composition
    two sides of the same coin?
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Nisticò, Roberto
    Erschienen: November 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We use data from two experiments that randomly assign students to groups to show that, so long as ordinal rank has a causal effect on educational achievement, estimates of the effects of peer ability composition obtained from models that omit rank... mehr

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    We use data from two experiments that randomly assign students to groups to show that, so long as ordinal rank has a causal effect on educational achievement, estimates of the effects of peer ability composition obtained from models that omit rank are downward biased. This finding holds both in the standard linear-in-means model as well as in models that allow for non-linear and heterogeneous peer effects, and contributes to explain why previous studies have detected only modest effects of peer ability on achievement. We also illustrate how this finding helps understand the mechanisms behind the effects of ability tracking policies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/215185
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12789
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. The effects of the Vietnam Hunger Eradication and Poverty Reduction program on schooling
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Quynh Huynh; Rocco, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: November 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies the effects of the Vietnam Hunger Eradication and Poverty Reduction (HEPR) program on school enrolment, using longitudinal data that span over 15 years and a difference-in-differences research design. We find that early treatment... mehr

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    This paper studies the effects of the Vietnam Hunger Eradication and Poverty Reduction (HEPR) program on school enrolment, using longitudinal data that span over 15 years and a difference-in-differences research design. We find that early treatment (at age 8) increases children enrolment by about 9 percent. This positive effect disappears by age 15, and is more pronounced in urban areas. In sharp contrast, children receiving treatment later (age 12–15) are more likely to drop out by age 15, especially in rural areas. The decline in enrolment is paralleled by an increase in labor market participation. We interpret these divergent results by age as an unintended effect of another program aimed at fostering vocational training among the 15+ in rural areas. Our findings highlight the importance of integrating different anti-poverty measures to reduce inefficiency and achieve social goals.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/215143
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12747
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The influence of hidden researcher decisions in applied microeconomics
    Autor*in: Huntington-Klein, Nick; Arenas, Andreu; Beam, Emily A.; Bertoni, Marco; Bloem, Jeffrey R.; Burli, Pralhad; Chen, Naibin; Greico, Paul; Ekpe, Godwin; Pugatch, Todd; Saavedra, Martin; Stopnitzky, Yaniv
    Erschienen: May 2020
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Researchers make hundreds of decisions about data collection, preparation, and analysis in their research. We use a many-analysts approach to measure the extent and impact of these decisions. Two published causal empirical results are replicated by... mehr

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    Researchers make hundreds of decisions about data collection, preparation, and analysis in their research. We use a many-analysts approach to measure the extent and impact of these decisions. Two published causal empirical results are replicated by seven replicators each. We find large differences in data preparation and analysis decisions, many of which would not likely be reported in a publication. No two replicators reported the same sample size. Statistical significance varied across replications, and for one of the studies the effect's sign varied as well. The standard deviation of estimates across replications was 3-4 times the typical reported standard error.

     
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    hdl: 10419/223675
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13233
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The influence of hidden researcher decisions in applied microeconomics
    Autor*in: Huntington-Klein, Nick; Arenas, Andreu; Beam, Emily A.; Bertoni, Marco; Bloem, Jeffrey R.; Burli, Pralhad; Chen, Naibin; Greico, Paul; Ekpe, Godwin; Pugatch, Todd; Saavedra, Martin; Stopnitzky, Yaniv
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Researchers make hundreds of decisions about data collection, preparation, and analysis in their research. We use a many-analysts approach to measure the extent and impact of these decisions. Two published causal empirical results are replicated by... mehr

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    Researchers make hundreds of decisions about data collection, preparation, and analysis in their research. We use a many-analysts approach to measure the extent and impact of these decisions. Two published causal empirical results are replicated by seven replicators each. We find large differences in data preparation and analysis decisions, many of which would not likely be reported in a publication. No two replicators reported the same sample size. Statistical significance varied across replications, and for one of the studies the effect’s sign varied as well. The standard deviation of estimates across replications was 3-4 times the typical reported standard error.

     
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    hdl: 10419/216897
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 537
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The long-run earnings effects of winning a mayoral election
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Cappellari, Lorenzo; De Paola, Maria
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy

    We estimate the effect of winning a mayoral election on long-run licit earnings, which plays a key role in the selection of local political leaders. We use Italian administrative social security data from 1995 to 2017 and a sharp regression... mehr

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    We estimate the effect of winning a mayoral election on long-run licit earnings, which plays a key role in the selection of local political leaders. We use Italian administrative social security data from 1995 to 2017 and a sharp regression discontinuity design based on close elections. Over a 15-year horizon, the average present discounted value of winning an election is equal to 35,000€, or 85 percent of the annual labor and social security earnings for the average candidate in our sample, a modest effect driven by the compensations for political service and concentrated during the first five years after the election. Net of compensations for service, this effect is negative during the first ten years after the election, and almost fades away afterwards. Differences in the political careers of winners and runners-up and a two-term limit rule on mayors' office contribute to explain our results.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; n. 123 (January 2023)
    Schlagworte: returns to office; political selection; revolving door; rent-seeking; close elections
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 78 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. The long-run earnings effects of winning a mayoral election
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Cappellari, Lorenzo; De Paola, Maria
    Erschienen: January 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We estimate the effect of winning a mayoral election on long-run licit earnings, which plays a key role in the selection of local political leaders. We use Italian administrative social security data from 1995 to 2017 and a sharp regression... mehr

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    We estimate the effect of winning a mayoral election on long-run licit earnings, which plays a key role in the selection of local political leaders. We use Italian administrative social security data from 1995 to 2017 and a sharp regression discontinuity design based on close elections. Over a 15-year horizon, the average present discounted value of winning an election is equal to 35,000€, or 85 percent of the annual labor and social security earnings for the average candidate in our sample, a modest effect driven by the compensations for political service and concentrated during the first five years after the election. Net of compensations for service, this effect is negative during the first ten years after the election, and almost fades away afterwards. Differences in the political careers of winners and runners-up and a two-term limit rule on mayors' office contribute to explain our results.

     
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    hdl: 10419/272491
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15864
    Schlagworte: returns to office; political selection; revolving door; rent-seeking; close elections
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Pappa Ante Portas
    the retired husband syndrome in Japan
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    The "Retired Husband Syndrome", that affects the mental health of wives of retired men around the world, has been anecdotally documented but never formally investigated. We use Japanese micro data and the exogenous variation generated by the 2006... mehr

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    The "Retired Husband Syndrome", that affects the mental health of wives of retired men around the world, has been anecdotally documented but never formally investigated. We use Japanese micro data and the exogenous variation generated by the 2006 revision of the Japanese Elderly Employment Stabilization Law, which mandated employers to guarantee continuous employment between mandatory retirement age and full pension eligibility age, to estimate the causal effect of the husband's retirement on the wife's mental health. We find that adding one year to the time spent in retirement by Japanese husbands increases the probability that their wives develop the syndrome by 5.8 to 13.7 percentage points, depending on the empirical specification. We discuss mechanisms at work and argue that - ceteris paribus - increasing female labour force participation might exacerbate rather than attenuate the phenomenon.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/101845
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 8350
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (32 S.)
  17. Promoting breast cancer screening take-ups with zero cost
    evidence from an experiment on formatting invitation letters in Italy
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Corazzini, Luca; Robone, Silvana
    Erschienen: March 2019
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We ran a randomized field experiment to ascertain whether a costless manipulation of the informational content (restricted or enhanced information) and the framing (gain or loss framing) of the invitation letter to the breast cancer screening program... mehr

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    We ran a randomized field experiment to ascertain whether a costless manipulation of the informational content (restricted or enhanced information) and the framing (gain or loss framing) of the invitation letter to the breast cancer screening program in Messina, Italy, affects the take-up rate. We show that giving enhanced loss-framed information about the risks of not having a mammography increases the take-up. This manipulation is especially effective among subjects with lower baseline take-ups - those living farther away from the screening site, residing in municipalities with low education, or with no recent screening experience - contributing to reduce socio-economic inequalities in screening. When we investigate the mechanisms behind our findings, we show that subjects exposed to our proposed manipulation are also less likely to postpone the appointment, signaling enhanced awareness about the risks related with delayed participation.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 12193
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Parents, siblings and schoolmates
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Cappellari, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Milano, Italy

    We investigate whether the effects of schoolmates' gender and average parental education on educational achievement, employment and earnings vary with individual family characteristics such as the gender of siblings and own parental education. We... mehr

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    We investigate whether the effects of schoolmates' gender and average parental education on educational achievement, employment and earnings vary with individual family characteristics such as the gender of siblings and own parental education. We find that the benefits from exposure to "privileged" peers accrue mainly to "disadvantaged" students and decline when the dispersion of parental education in the school increases. We also show that boys with sisters who are exposed to a higher share of girls at school have poorer employment prospects. The opposite is true for girls who have sisters. Overall, the size of the estimated effects is small.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore ; n. 64 (January 2018)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Free to improve?
    the impact of free school attendance in England
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Heller-Sahlgren, Gabriel; Silva, Olmo
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; no. 1946 (September 2023)
    Schlagworte: school autonomy; quasi-markets; free schools; achievement
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Free to improve?
    the impact of free school attendance in England
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Heller-Sahlgren, Gabriel; Silva, Olmo
    Erschienen: October 30, 2023
    Verlag:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    We investigate the impact of attending a free school in England - that is, a new start-up school that enjoys considerable autonomy while remaining in the state sector. We analyse the effects of two secondary free schools with different teaching... mehr

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    We investigate the impact of attending a free school in England - that is, a new start-up school that enjoys considerable autonomy while remaining in the state sector. We analyse the effects of two secondary free schools with different teaching philosophies: one follows a "no excuse" paradigm, while the other one adopts a "classical liberal", knowledge-rich approach. We establish causal effects exploiting admission lotteries and a distance-based regression discontinuity design. Both schools have a strong positive impact on student test scores on average. However, we also find heterogeneous effects: the "no excuse" school mostly benefits boys, while the "classical liberal" school mainly benefits White British and non-poor students. Both schools similarly reduce student absences and school mobility. Peer quality, teacher characteristics, and inspectorate ratings cannot fully explain the schools' effectiveness. Instead, a quantitative text analysis of the schools' "vision and ethos" statements shows that the "no excuse" and "classical liberal" philosophies adopted by the two free schools clearly set them apart from the counterfactual schools where rejected applicants enrol, and likely explain their heterogeneous effects.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: IFN working paper ; no. 1476 (2023)
    Schlagworte: school autonomy; quasi-markets; free schools; achievement
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Subjective gender-based patterns in ADHD diagnosis
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Marin-Lopez, Blas A.; Sanz de Galdeano, Anna
    Erschienen: November 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The increasing incidence of ADHD diagnosis and its uneven prevalence across demographic groups has sparked debates about misdiagnosis. We use data on individuals' genetic predisposition to ADHD from the Add Health survey of U.S. schools to uncover... mehr

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    The increasing incidence of ADHD diagnosis and its uneven prevalence across demographic groups has sparked debates about misdiagnosis. We use data on individuals' genetic predisposition to ADHD from the Add Health survey of U.S. schools to uncover relative standards in ADHD diagnosis. We estimate that students' ordinal rank in the genetic predisposition to ADHD among their same-gender school peers has a positive, statistically significant, and substantial causal effect on ADHD diagnosis, holding students' own genetic predisposition to ADHD constant. This effect is mainly driven by boys, contributing to explain the observed higher rate of diagnosis for boys relative to girls.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16634
    Schlagworte: mental health; ADHD; gender; ADHD polygenic scores; interpersonal comparisons; subjective diagnosis
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Parents, siblings and schoolmates
    the effects of family-school interactions on educational achievement and long-term labor market outcomes
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Cappellari, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: December 2017
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    We use Danish register data to investigate whether the effects of schoolmates' gender and average parental education on individual educational achievement, employment and earnings vary with individual family characteristics such as the gender of... mehr

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    We use Danish register data to investigate whether the effects of schoolmates' gender and average parental education on individual educational achievement, employment and earnings vary with individual family characteristics such as the gender of siblings and own parental education. We find that boys with sisters have worse employment prospects than boys with no sisters when exposed to a higher share of girls at school. The opposite is true for girls who have sisters. We also show that the benefits from exposure to "privileged" peers accrue mainly to "disadvantaged" students. These benefits decline when the dispersion of parental education increases. Overall, the size of the estimated effects is small.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / IZA ; no. 11200
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  23. School choice during a period of radical school reform
    evidence from the academy programme
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Gibbons, Steve; Silva, Olmo
    Erschienen: November 2017
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    Education policy worldwide has sought to incentivize school improvement and facilitate pupil-school matching by introducing reforms that promote autonomy and choice. Understanding the way in which families choose schools during these periods of... mehr

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    Education policy worldwide has sought to incentivize school improvement and facilitate pupil-school matching by introducing reforms that promote autonomy and choice. Understanding the way in which families choose schools during these periods of reform is crucial for evaluating the impact of such policies. We study the effects of a recent shock to the English school system - the academy programme - which gave existing state schools greater autonomy, but provided limited information on possible expected benefits. We use administrative data on school applications for three cohorts of students to estimate whether academy conversion changes schools' popularity. We find that families - particularly non-poor, White British ones - rank converted schools higher on average. We investigate the likely mechanisms that could give rise to our findings. The patterns we document suggest that families combine academy conversion with home-school distance and prior information on quality and popularity as a heuristic to inform school choice.

     
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    hdl: 10419/174072
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / IZA ; no. 11162
    Schlagworte: Bildungsreform; Schulauswahl; Schulpolitik; Großbritannien
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Does mental productivity decline with age?
    evidence from chess players
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Rocco, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    We use data on international chess tournaments to study the relationship between age and mental productivity in a brain-intensive profession. We show that less talented players tend to leave the game in the earliest phases of their career. When the... mehr

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    We use data on international chess tournaments to study the relationship between age and mental productivity in a brain-intensive profession. We show that less talented players tend to leave the game in the earliest phases of their career. When the effects of age on productivity vary with unobserved ability, commonly used fixed effects estimators applied to raw data do not guarantee consistent estimates of age-productivity profiles. In our data, this method strongly over-estimates the productivity of older players. We apply fixed effects to first-differenced data and show that productivity peaks in the early forties and smoothly declines thereafter. Because of this, players aged 60 are 11 percent less productive than players in their early forties. -- aging ; productivity ; mental ability

     
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    hdl: 10419/71682
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 7311
    Schlagworte: Altersgruppe; Arbeitsleistung; Produktivität; Erwerbsverlauf; Profisport
    Umfang: Online-Ressource, graph. Darst.
  25. When the cat is near, the mice won't play
    the effect of external examiners in Italian schools
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Rocco, Lorenzo
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London

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    Schriftenreihe: CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; 1191
    Schlagworte: Allgemeinbildung; Experiment; Allgemeinbildende Schule; Italien (Süd)
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (35 S.)