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  1. A multicellular way of life for a multipartite virus
    Autor*in: Sicard, Anne; Pirolles, Elodie; Gallet, Romain; Vernerey, Marie-Stéphanie; Yvon, Michel; Urbino, Cica; Peterschmitt, Michel; Gutierrez, Serafin; Michalakis, Yannis; Blanc, Stéphane
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  HAL CCSD ; eLife Sciences Publication

    BGPI : équipe 2 / 5 ; International audience ; A founding paradigm in virology is that the spatial unit of the viral replication cycle is an individual cell. Multipartite viruses have a segmented genome where each segment is encapsidated separately.... mehr

     

    BGPI : équipe 2 / 5 ; International audience ; A founding paradigm in virology is that the spatial unit of the viral replication cycle is an individual cell. Multipartite viruses have a segmented genome where each segment is encapsidated separately. In this situation the viral genome is not recapitulated in a single virus particle but in the viral population. How multipartite viruses manage to efficiently infect individual cells with all segments, thus with the whole genome information, is a long-standing but perhaps deceptive mystery. By localizing and quantifying the genome segments of a nanovirus in host plant tissues we show that they rarely co-occur within individual cells. We further demonstrate that distinct segments accumulate independently in different cells and that the viral system is functional through complementation across cells. Our observation deviates from the classical conceptual framework in virology and opens an alternative possibility (at least for nanoviruses) where the infection can operate at a level above the individual cell level, defining a viral multicellular way of life.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    Übergeordneter Titel: ISSN: 2050-084X ; EISSN: 2050-084X ; eLife ; https://hal.umontpellier.fr/hal-02082621 ; eLife, 2019, 8, pp.e43599. ⟨10.7554/eLife.43599⟩
    Schlagworte: [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
    Lizenz:

    creativecommons.org/licenses/by/ ; info:eu-repo/semantics/OpenAccess
  2. Toward an Ecopoetics of Randomness and Design: An Introduction: Hacia una eco-poética de la aleatoriedad y el diseño: Una introducción
    Autor*in: Bellarsi, Franca Anik; Rauscher, Judith
    Erschienen: 2019

    What ecopoetics is and what it does, how it relates to but also exceeds ecopoetry, and the nature of its relationship to the more general poiesis (?making”) at work in the material universe remain open and thorny questions. Moreover, what are the... mehr

     

    What ecopoetics is and what it does, how it relates to but also exceeds ecopoetry, and the nature of its relationship to the more general poiesis (?making”) at work in the material universe remain open and thorny questions. Moreover, what are the insights from the more specialised field of experimental ecopoetry that we may bring to our understanding of ecopoetics in general, whatever the genre and material support on which environmentally-inflected poiesis deploys itself? As this Special Focus section shows, one may begin to answer such questions by taking into account notions of randomness and design, concepts that operate in experimental texts and the material universe at large, but which have not been sufficiently foregrounded in the ongoing theoretical debate on ecopoetics. Any sustained effort to understand how randomness and design permeate ecopoetics requires a vision of ecopoetics that goes beyond (eco)poetry. Providing some examples of what such a broader vision of ecopoetics might look like is also one of the goals of this Special Focus. Unfolding in three stages, this introductory essay will first map out the elements and orientations that inform the debates on ecopoetics, while also touching upon the adjacent territories of geopoetics, zoopoetics, écopoétique and Ökopoetik. A second part will meditate on the elusive concepts of randomness and design, and on how ecopoetics might be considered a form of adaptive mapping of their ever-fluid entanglement. The third part, finally, presents the contributions to this Special Focus section and surveys the different facets of the co-constitutive operations of randomness and design explored in each.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch; Spanisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; environmentalstudies; literarystudies
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    L::CC BY-NC 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
  3. “She Moves Through Deep Corridors”: Mobility and Settler Colonialism in Sharon Doubiago’s Proletarian Eco-Epic Hard Country
    Autor*in: Rauscher, Judith
    Erschienen: 2020

    This article analyzes Sharon Doubiago’s American long poem Hard Country (1982) from the joined perspectives of ecocriticism and mobility studies. It argues that Hard Country is a proletarian eco-epic that rethinks human-nature relations from a... mehr

     

    This article analyzes Sharon Doubiago’s American long poem Hard Country (1982) from the joined perspectives of ecocriticism and mobility studies. It argues that Hard Country is a proletarian eco-epic that rethinks human-nature relations from a working-class perspective shaped by different kinds of (im)mobility. In my analysis, I show how the text revises the American epic tradition by foregrounding working-class people’s desire for meaningful relationships to place in light of histories of environmental injustice and displacement. Doubiago’s text promotes traditional place-based notions of belonging, but it also challenges ideas about what kind of sense of place can be environmentally suggestive. In doing so, it allows for the emergence of a proletarian “ecopoetics of mobility” (Gerhardt) that emphasizes the bodily experiences of Doubiago’s mobile narrator as well as U.S.-American histories and cultures of mobility. Among these cultures of mobility, settler colonialism stands out as a system of violent domination and form of environmental injustice (Whyte) that calls into question working-class people’s desire to move or settle on dispossessed indigenous lands. As such, settler colonialism poses a challenge to Doubiago’s proletarian ecopoetics of mobility, which must engage with the fact that white working-class people in the United States have always been perpetrators as well as victims of both environmental and mobility injustice.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; environmentalstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::CC BY-NC 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
  4. Assessments of the Urban Experience: Toni Morrison's Jazz and T. S. Eliot's The Waste Land
    Autor*in: Mayer, Sylvia
    Erschienen: 1998

  5. Environmental Risk Fiction and Ecocriticism
    Autor*in: Mayer, Sylvia
    Erschienen: 2020

    Ecocriticism has been at the forefront of introducing risk theory and risk research to literary and cultural studies. The essay surveys this more recent trend in ecocritical scholarship, which began with the new millennium and has focused on the... mehr

     

    Ecocriticism has been at the forefront of introducing risk theory and risk research to literary and cultural studies. The essay surveys this more recent trend in ecocritical scholarship, which began with the new millennium and has focused on the participation of fictional texts in various environmental risk discourses. The study of risk fiction draws our attention to cultural moments of uncertainty, threat, and instability, to risk scenarios both local and planetary—not least the risk scenarios of the Anthropocene in which species consciousness and ‘planetariness’ have become central issues. The essay reviews how key publications have shed light on the cultural and literary historical relevance of environmental risk and on various issues that are central to ecocriticism. It points out how they have sharpened our sense of both the spatial and temporal dimensions of environmental risk and environmental crisis, introduced new categories of ecocritical analysis, contributed to clarifying some of the field’s major conceptual premises, and added a new approach to genre discussions, in particular relating to fiction engaging with global anthropogenic climate change.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; environmentalstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::CC BY-NC 4.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  6. Introduction: Starting Off a New Decade: On Alternatives, Contestations, and an Infinity of Possibility
    Autor*in: Er, Öykü; Gerlach, Laura; Vossen, Hannah; Hussey, Ben; Navin, Margaret; Puccio, Daniele; Vogelsburg, Anne
    Erschienen: 2019

  7. Ceremony Found: Sylvia Wynter’s Hybrid Human and Leslie Marmon Silko’s Ceremony
    Autor*in: Obst, Anthony James
    Erschienen: 2019

    This paper engages Sylvia Wynter’s theory of the hybrid human as a prism for reading Leslie Marmon Silko’s 1977 novel Ceremony. Wynter’s work aims at decolonizing Western categories of knowledge, positing the notion of an Autopoetic Turn/Overturn to... mehr

     

    This paper engages Sylvia Wynter’s theory of the hybrid human as a prism for reading Leslie Marmon Silko’s 1977 novel Ceremony. Wynter’s work aims at decolonizing Western categories of knowledge, positing the notion of an Autopoetic Turn/Overturn to unsettle the coloniality of Man as an epistemo-ontological category. The epistemic break Wynter envisions to catalyze this unsettling involves an understanding of the human as a hybrid species, made up of biological as well as symbolic life, bios and mythos. Such an understanding of the human is revealed in Silko’s novel, as its protagonist, Tayo, undergoes a ritual of ceremonial healing that mirrors Wynter’s Autopoetic Turn/Overturn, disentangling himself from Western modes of knowledge by scripting a new story for himself and his people. Drawing on two of Wynter’s essays that carry “Ceremony” in their titles, my paper explores the intersections between Wynter’s theory and Silko’s fiction. By showing how Silko fictionally reenvisions new futures of being hybridly human beyond the category of Man, this essay points to epistemic pathways of decoloniality not predicated on anger.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; indigenousstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::CC BY 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
  8. Of Pregnant Kings and Manly Landladies: Negotiating Intersex in Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Left Hand of Darkness
    Autor*in: Lange, Mascha Helene
    Erschienen: 2019

    This essay examines narrative negotiations of intersex in contemporary US science fiction literature. Intersex is understood as a highly contested concept as well as the lived realities of intersex people. The intelligibility of intersex people is... mehr

     

    This essay examines narrative negotiations of intersex in contemporary US science fiction literature. Intersex is understood as a highly contested concept as well as the lived realities of intersex people. The intelligibility of intersex people is constantly negotiated in and through cultural norms and practices, with literature serving as one major cultural playing field of renegotiation. This article seeks to close a perceived gap in the analysis of literary representations of intersex: Discussions so far have focused solely on realist fiction; science fiction has hitherto not been included. I am therefore going to analyze Ursula K. Le Guin’s seminal novel The Left Hand of Darkness in search for instances in which intersex intelligibility is prohibited, interrupted, or challenged in ways distinctive of the novel’s genre. In this contribution, I argue that intersex is a productive, yet previously neglected term of analysis that lays open conceptualizations of sex, gender, and sexuality in Le Guin’s science fiction novel.

     
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    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; genderstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::CC BY 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
  9. The Struggle of “American Anger”: In Defense of Extremism
    Autor*in: Ford, Derek R.
    Erschienen: 2019

  10. Introduction: Pride and Shame in America
    Autor*in: Clausberg, Philipp; kentwell, forrest; Licznerski, Alexander; Luebeck, Simon; Reintjes, Janis; Schumacher, Marie; Trautmann, Denise; Valle, Josef; Weber, Lena; Weiss, Isabell
    Erschienen: 2020

  11. "I Am My Own Best Medicine": Joshua Whitehead's Jonny Appleseed and Two-Spirit Resurgence
    Autor*in: Jay, Lalonde
    Erschienen: 2020

    This article explores how Joshua Whitehead’s novel Jonny Appleseed discusses the complexities of being Two-Spirit on the reserve and in the city in Canada, exposes the double oppression and erasure of Two-Spiritedness, and demonstrates the... mehr

     

    This article explores how Joshua Whitehead’s novel Jonny Appleseed discusses the complexities of being Two-Spirit on the reserve and in the city in Canada, exposes the double oppression and erasure of Two-Spiritedness, and demonstrates the possibility—and necessity—of queering the struggle for Indigenous resurgence. This article connects Two-Spirit theory with Native feminist theories (and their analyses of heteropatriarchy) and Qwo-Li Driskill’s concepts of “colonized sexuality” and a “Sovereign Erotic.” By close reading the novel and focusing on the themes of performance, erasure, shame, ceremony, and the body, this article aims to show the ways Indigeneity and queerness are interconnected and constantly re-negotiated. This article also aims to show how these links expose the underlying structural heteronormativity and heteropatriarchy in settler colonialism and Indigenous resurgence discourses. It suggests the possibility of radically revising the struggle for resurgence by centering Two-Spiritedness and understanding Two-Spirit desires and identities as inherently anti-colonial.

     
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    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; indigenousstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::CC BY 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
  12. Pragmatic Strategies of Resistance: Ralph Ellison's Radical Second Act
    Autor*in: Rasmussen, Johs
    Erschienen: 2020

    This article argues that Ralph Ellison in Three Days Before the Shooting. radicalizes John Dewey’s pragmatic philosophy. To that end, the character arc of the black jazzman LeeWillie Minifees, who sets his expensive Cadillac aflame in the public... mehr

     

    This article argues that Ralph Ellison in Three Days Before the Shooting. radicalizes John Dewey’s pragmatic philosophy. To that end, the character arc of the black jazzman LeeWillie Minifees, who sets his expensive Cadillac aflame in the public sphere, discloses a dormant revolutionary zeal in Ellison’s political imagination. The two narrative spaces Minifees occupies—chapters four and fifteen—articulate a scathing critique of late capitalism and its attendant effect on US democracy. This article therefore posits that Minifees’s Cadillac-burning dissent constitutes a mode of creative democratic experimentation that is typical of the Deweyan pragmatic tradition, except that the jazzman’s actions suggest that the unmaking of the extant material conditions of existence is a precondition for African American subjects’ acquisition of proper political agency. In light of the analysis conducted herein, this article concludes that Minifees’s character arc should occasion a reassessment of Ellison’s textual politics, which are too often reduced to the thesis that black and white US citizens cannot escape their shared histories.

     
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    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::CC BY 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
  13. Oil Fiction as Risk Fiction: Inhabiting Risk in Linda Hogan’s Mean Spirit
    Autor*in: Mayer, Sylvia
    Erschienen: 2019

    This essay discusses Linda Hogan’s Mean Spirit as environmental risk narrative. The novel contributes to the literary history of oil in the United States by exploring from a risk perspective an infamous period of Native American history in the 1920s,... mehr

     

    This essay discusses Linda Hogan’s Mean Spirit as environmental risk narrative. The novel contributes to the literary history of oil in the United States by exploring from a risk perspective an infamous period of Native American history in the 1920s, the catastrophic events that developed from the discovery of oil in Northern Oklahoma’s ‘Indian Territory.’ Reading Mean Spirit as risk narrative provides a specific way of knowing about oil, about its economic, social, and cultural meanings. The novel’s focus on how oil-related risks shape its characters’ lives shows that oil cultures must be regarded as risk cultures in which various risks unfold their shaping power – risks that are voluntarily taken and risks that must involuntarily be endured. Through its focus on risk, Mean Spirit draws attention to the fact that uncertainty and instability have always marked the cultural history of oil in the United States.

     
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    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; environmentalstudies; indigenousstudies; literarystudies
    Lizenz:

    L::The Stacks License ; thestacks.libaac.de/rights
  14. Literature as Mind Changer, ‘Valorisation Laboratory,’ and Cultural Resource of Resilience: Conceptualising the Value of Literature
    Autor*in: Nünning, Vera; Nünning, Ansgar
    Erschienen: 2020

  15. The Value of Literature for the ’Extension of our Sympathies’: Twelve Strategies for the Direction of Readers’ Sympathy
    Autor*in: Nünning, Vera
    Erschienen: 2020

  16. Invocations of Indigeneity in the Colonial Red/White/Black Triad
    Autor*in: Junker, Carsten
    Erschienen: 2020

    This essay takes as its assumptive backdrop the “Red/White/Black demographic triad” in the sense of Stam and Shohat that resulted from the European colonial conquest and settlement of, and the transatlantic enslavement of Africans in, the Americas.... mehr

     

    This essay takes as its assumptive backdrop the “Red/White/Black demographic triad” in the sense of Stam and Shohat that resulted from the European colonial conquest and settlement of, and the transatlantic enslavement of Africans in, the Americas. It homes in on the ambivalent functions and effects of different evocations of Indigeneity in early abolitionist discourse, considering this very discourse as a specific strand of settler colonial knowledge production during the era of the Enlightenment. While Euro-American abolitionists around 1800 centrally and critically focused on relations between the positions marked by “Black” and “White,” they also made recourse to the position of “Red.” Paradigmatic readings highlight that abolitionists mobilized Red as a trope in contradictory ways according to their argumentative needs, substantiating the hegemonic character of White self-referential knowledge practices in the early US republic and abetting the justification of settler colonialism. ; This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.

     
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    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; indigenousstudies; literarystudies
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    L::The Stacks License ; thestacks.libaac.de/rights
  17. Vicarious Writing, Or: Going to Write It for You
    Autor*in: Junker, Carsten
    Erschienen: 2020

    The article introduces vicarious writing as a category of literary and cultural analysis that can reframe the study of authorship with respect to this specific form of collaboration. It argues for shifting emphasis from an ongoing privileging of... mehr

     

    The article introduces vicarious writing as a category of literary and cultural analysis that can reframe the study of authorship with respect to this specific form of collaboration. It argues for shifting emphasis from an ongoing privileging of singular authorship and its conceptual legacy of individualism to writing for others as a site where power constellations become operative and particularly salient. Four vignettes of twentieth-century vicarious life writing—"The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas" (1933), "The Babe Ruth Story" (1948), "The Autobiography of Malcolm X" (1965), and "I," "Rigoberta Menchú" (1984)—bring to the fore the manifold motivations and manifest and latent functions that writing for others can have as symbol and matter of literary practice, exposing it as a craft, as a means of cultural authorization, and as a strategy for constituting and positioning authorial subjects in entangled processes of writing. Considering the theoretical implications and historical situatedness of vicarious writing, the author argues that the key issue is not one of identity (“I am an author”) but one of stance-taking (“I position myself / someone else as an author”), highlighting the contractual relations writers and signatories enter to create author figures. The article also pleads for consideration of collaborative dynamics in the academic field that are analogous to the procedures of the literary marketplace.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; culturalstudies; literarystudies
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    L::CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
  18. 'Taste It!': American Advertising, Ethnicity, and the Rhetoric of Nationhood in the 1920s
    Autor*in: Mayer, Ruth
    Erschienen: 1998

    This essay explores the analogies between the apparently most controversial discourses of consumer culture and ethnicity in the 1920s. In both discourses, the imagery of commemoration is of focal importance, and both shift from personal recollection... mehr

     

    This essay explores the analogies between the apparently most controversial discourses of consumer culture and ethnicity in the 1920s. In both discourses, the imagery of commemoration is of focal importance, and both shift from personal recollection to collective memory and ultimately evoke sensuous experience as an ideal and all-inclusive approach to a national/ethnic past. By emphasizing sensation over reflection and ephiphany over personal experience, both discourses subtly devaluate the need for individual recollection, replacing an actual past with its mythical image, an image which eventually renders personal experience superfluous - so that forgetting the actual past becomes a prerequisite for a 'true' memory of national/ethnic values.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; mediastudies; culturalstudies; literarystudies
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    L::CC BY-NC 4.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
  19. ‘A Family of Peculiar Construction’: Tisch-(Un)Ordnungen in Frank J. Webbs The Garies and Their Friends
    Autor*in: Maruo-Schröder, Nicole
    Erschienen: 2019

    https://kola.opus.hbz-nrw.de/frontdoor/index/index/docId/2212 mehr

  20. “Every One Knew”: Epistemologies of the City in Edith Wharton's The Age of Innocence
    Autor*in: Horn, Katrin
    Erschienen: 2020

    New York looms large in much of Edith Wharton's work, maybe never more so than in The Age of Innocence. The city is not just the space in which the stories unfold or the social context which frames the central drama. Rather, “New York” serves as the... mehr

     

    New York looms large in much of Edith Wharton's work, maybe never more so than in The Age of Innocence. The city is not just the space in which the stories unfold or the social context which frames the central drama. Rather, “New York” serves as the central source of knowledge for characters and readers alike. Whether in the form of private gossip or society journals, news travels fast, judgement is swift, and knowledge about everyone's intimate affairs is ever present. The Age of Innocence is hence marked by the stark distinction between the reticence of its main characters—who live in an “atmosphere of faint implications and pale delicacies,” share “mute message[s],” and rely on “silence to communicate all [they] had to say”—and the eloquence of the city. By detailing this contrast between the novel's main characters and its setting, this article addresses gossip and other forms of communal, networked, or anonymous knowledge not only as an element of plot, but as narrative strategy in The Age of Innocence. It thus combines an exploration of Edith Wharton's distinct style with an analysis of New York's central role in her writing. ; Copyright © 2020 by The Pennsylvania State University. This article is used by permission of the Pennsylvania State University Press.

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; literarystudies
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    L::The Stacks License ; thestacks.libaac.de/rights
  21. Migration, Exile, and Home in Shakespeare’s As You Like It and Its Animated Adaptation
    Autor*in: Meyer, Michael
    Erschienen: 2019

    http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PID=PPN338286934_0155%7CLOG_0017 mehr

  22. Entangled Encounters: The Transcultural Counterwitness and Implication in Claudia Rankine and John Lucas’s Situations
    Autor*in: Moran, Matthew
    Erschienen: 2020

    Drawing on current definitions of public testimony, this study turns to the work of Claudia Rankine and John Lucas’s Situations to explore how video poems challenge the pervasive stereotyping of black Americans in mainstream journalism and implicate... mehr

     

    Drawing on current definitions of public testimony, this study turns to the work of Claudia Rankine and John Lucas’s Situations to explore how video poems challenge the pervasive stereotyping of black Americans in mainstream journalism and implicate viewers, particularly white ones, into the everyday and historical traumas of racial violence. Video poems, such as Situations, take advantage of multimodal channels to move viewers beyond spectator guilt to introduce a more nuanced understanding of American and global racism. Through an investigation of three of their video poems, “Stop and Frisk,” “In Memory of Trayvon Martin,” and “World Cup,” this study explores how Rankine and Lucas’s work opposes, and engages with, the pervasive stereotyping of black Americans presented in mainstream news media; how the multimodal nature of video poetry problematizes the viewers’ relationship with American and global racism; and how acts of counterwitnessing implicate viewers into distant histories of racial trauma. ; www.asjournal.org/69-2020/entangled-encounters-the-transcultural-counterwitness-and-implication-in-claudia-rankine-and-john-lucas-situations/

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; literarystudies
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    L::CC BY-SA 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
  23. On Democracy of Digression: Chapter 30 of Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick
    Autor*in: Kimmage, Michael
    Erschienen: 2020

    This essay focuses on chapter 30 of Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick, one of the novel’s shortest chapters. It contrasts bigness, destiny and Captain Ahab’s authoritarian abuse of power with smallness, free will, and digression, the democratic virtues... mehr

     

    This essay focuses on chapter 30 of Herman Melville’s Moby-Dick, one of the novel’s shortest chapters. It contrasts bigness, destiny and Captain Ahab’s authoritarian abuse of power with smallness, free will, and digression, the democratic virtues portrayed in Moby-Dick mostly through their absence but also, in chapter 30, by their presence in the form of a pipe that Captain Ahab smokes on deck and is then compelled to toss overboard so that The Pequod might complete is star-crossed and disastrously foreshadowed voyage. ; www.asjournal.org/69-2020/on-democracy-of-digression/

     
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    Quelle: BASE Fachausschnitt AVL
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; literarystudies
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    L::CC BY-SA 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
  24. The Public Gossip of Town Topics: The Journal of Society (1885-1937)
    Autor*in: Horn, Katrin
    Erschienen: 2020

    The magazine Town Topics, published in New York City between 1885 and 1937, is best known for its “complicitous gossip pages [which] both condemned and sustained high society” (Knight 47). The specific characteristics and implications of such gossip,... mehr

     

    The magazine Town Topics, published in New York City between 1885 and 1937, is best known for its “complicitous gossip pages [which] both condemned and sustained high society” (Knight 47). The specific characteristics and implications of such gossip, however, have yet to be examined. To this end, this essay analyzes how Town Topics: The Journal of Society and specifically its column “Saunterings” addressed its mass audience. Of central concern to this question are the magazine’s treatment of public figures and its anticipation of modern celebrity culture, and the gossip column’s stylistic evocation of conversational tone. Drawing on Michael Warner’s concept of “a public,” this essay outlines how gossip, a private mode of communication, is used within the public sphere to create the impression of intimate exchange. Overall, this article illustrates how Town Topics differentiated itself from traditional newspapers and magazines, which targeted “the public” as a “social totality” (Warner 413). Town Topics, in contrasts, addressed not the public as an independent, pre-existing entity, but as a specific public that was constituted by the act of mass-mediated gossip. ; journals.openedition.org/ejas/16423

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; culturalstudies; literarystudies
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    L::CC BY-NC 3.0 ; creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
  25. Dangerous Domesticity: Gossip and Gothic Homes in Edith Wharton's Fiction
    Autor*in: Horn, Katrin
    Erschienen: 2019

    In the United States of the late nineteenth century, the home was increasingly discussed in terms of privacy and the domestic was viewed as a protected “feminine sphere.” Focusing on the work of an author almost synonymous with the literary depiction... mehr

     

    In the United States of the late nineteenth century, the home was increasingly discussed in terms of privacy and the domestic was viewed as a protected “feminine sphere.” Focusing on the work of an author almost synonymous with the literary depiction of homes, Edith Wharton, this article questions domestic myths of the US home. As a vehicle for its critique, it relies on a mode of communication that is firmly located in the domestic sphere and yet destabilizes its premises of privacy and sanctity: gossip. By analyzing the depiction of homes and the reliance on “idle talk” as both content and narrative technique in “The Lady's Maid's Bell,” The House of Mirth, The Custom of the Country, and Summer, the article shows how Wharton exposes the feminine sphere as a dangerous place. To this end, she combines elements of Gothic fiction that subvert the domestic ideal with depictions of homes that are porous to gossip, which both uncovers abuses and invites them. Concentrating her attention on female protagonists (rather than enfranchised white men), Wharton paints a drastically different picture of the home and the possibility of shielding the private from economic or public concerns than evoked in contemporary legal and journalistic discourses. ; www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/editwharrevi.35.1.0022 ; Copyright © 2019 by The Pennsylvania State University. This article is used by permission of the Pennsylvania State University Press.

     
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    Medientyp: Aufsatz aus einer Zeitschrift
    Format: Online
    DDC Klassifikation: Literatur und Rhetorik (800); Sprache (400); Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810); Geschichte der Britischen Inseln (941); Geschichte Neuseelands (993)
    Schlagworte: americanstudies; literarystudies
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