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  1. Életem. Mein Leben – Autobiografie von József Molnár
    Autor*in: Molnár, József
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Miller, München

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Ungarisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783000317873
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    Umfang: Online-Ressource
  2. A pénzügyi piacok mikrostruktúrája
    mit veszítünk a piaci súrlódásokkal?
    Autor*in: Havran, Dániel
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    This survey reviews the economic thoughts about what and why do institutional market players lose because of the existing market frictions and particular financial market microstructures compared to walrasian markets. Within a unified microeconomic... mehr

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    This survey reviews the economic thoughts about what and why do institutional market players lose because of the existing market frictions and particular financial market microstructures compared to walrasian markets. Within a unified microeconomic framework, we introduce the most common approaches of the decentralized market trading theories such as search and bargaining, middlemen and trading in networks. Then, we investigate the principal theories of the centralized trading, such as the behavior of the market makers and trading explanations related to the order driven markets. We constrain our analysis into the secondary markets. With considering the financial markets by asset classes (interbank loans and deposits, bond markets, equity markets, FX-markets and derivatives trading) the survey also identifies the currently available microstructures on the financial markets.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447372
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108355
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/20
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (4, [1], 33 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  3. Iskolai szegregáció, szabad iskolaválasztás és helyi oktatáspolitika 100 magyar városban
    Autor*in: Kertesi, Gábor; Kézdi, Gábor
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The distribution of Roma and non-Roma students across schools has become considerably more unequal in Hungary since the 1980's. This paper analyzes the effect of school choice and local educational policies on that inequality, known as school... mehr

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    The distribution of Roma and non-Roma students across schools has become considerably more unequal in Hungary since the 1980's. This paper analyzes the effect of school choice and local educational policies on that inequality, known as school segregation, in 100 Hungarian towns. We combine administrative data with data from a survey that we collected from municipality administrations with respect to local educational policies and the ethnic composition of neighborhoods. Our results indicate that in Hungarian towns, free school choice diminishes the role of residential distribution because many students commute to schools of their choice. Towns where such commuting is more pronounced are characterized by stronger inter-school inequalities. We also find that local educational policies have, on average, somewhat segregationist tendencies, though there is substantial heterogeneity across towns. The more segregationist the local policies are, the higher the segregation in the town, thus suggesting that local policies have room to influence school segregation in this system. However, the impact of local educational policies is weaker than the role of school choice.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447365
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    hdl: 10419/108502
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labour market ; 2014/6
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (45 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  4. Roma fiatalok a középiskolában
    beszámoló a Tárki Életpálya-felvételének 2006 és 2012 közötti hullámaiból
    Autor*in: Hajdu, Tamás; Kertesi, Gábor; Kézdi, Gábor
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Using the panel data of the Hungarian Life Course Survey from 2006 through 2012 we analyze the educational attainment of a cohort of Hungarian Roma and non-Roma students. This cohort started high school in 2006. High school dropout rate is 10 percent... mehr

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    Using the panel data of the Hungarian Life Course Survey from 2006 through 2012 we analyze the educational attainment of a cohort of Hungarian Roma and non-Roma students. This cohort started high school in 2006. High school dropout rate is 10 percent among non-Roma, whereas nearly 50 percent among Roma students. 75 percent of the non-Roma students take a final maturity exam, and the college attendance rate is 35 percent among them. The corresponding figures for Roma are 24 percent and 5 percent, respectively. The ethnic difference in high school attainment and college attendance are strongly related to the skills gap emerged before high school. However, almost half of the ethnic difference in high school dropout rate remains unexplained. Future studies need to answer the causes of this residual gap.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447402
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108503
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labour market ; 2014/7
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (35 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  5. Az állami támogatás hatása a projektfinanszírozásra erkölcsi kockázat és pozitív externáliák mellett Szerződéselméleti megközelítés
    Autor*in: Berlinger, Edina; Lovas, Anita; Juhász, Péter
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    It is a highly disputed question in the literature how state subsidy influences the behavior of the entrepreneurs and accordingly the growth prospects of the economy. Most authors agree that state intervention in financing deteriorates the incentives... mehr

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    It is a highly disputed question in the literature how state subsidy influences the behavior of the entrepreneurs and accordingly the growth prospects of the economy. Most authors agree that state intervention in financing deteriorates the incentives of the entrepreneur, but there is no consensus whether its overall effect is positive or negative if we take into consideration the positive externalities of the projects too. Several authors investigate different subsidy forms (refundable/nonrefundable, prior/posterior, conditional/unconditional) searching for the optimal one(s). In this article we show in the framework of a three-player model (entrepreneur, bank, state) that under moral hazard and positive externalities state subsidy creates value. Moreover, a well-designed subsidy scheme improves incentives and instead of crowding out it boosts private financing. However, in this model the concrete form of the state subsidy is totally irrelevant as all forms will lead exactly to the same welfare effect. The only exception is the prior subsidy to be refunded both in case of success and failure which has neither a positive nor a negative effect.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447525
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    hdl: 10419/108361
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/32
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (4, [1], 36 S.)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. und engl. Sprache
  6. Szabályozóalku szabadpiaci környezetben: a budapesti taxipiac
    Autor*in: Réti, Pál
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    In April 2013, the Assembly of the Budapest Municipality radically transformed the taxi market in Budapest. This case study analyses the events that led to this decision and also the measure's immediate impact. The study is part of the research... mehr

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    In April 2013, the Assembly of the Budapest Municipality radically transformed the taxi market in Budapest. This case study analyses the events that led to this decision and also the measure's immediate impact. The study is part of the research project, titled "The Unexpected Consequences and Impacts of the Market Regulation", financed by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund. The new rules were aimed to establish "law and order" in the taxi market, and basically correspond to the main trends applied worldwide - although the municipality failed to do any studies concerning the international developments in this area. It soon became obvious that the trade unions and the employees' organizations, in their negotiation with the Budapest local Government, (ongoing from 2011) got into a subordinate position, due to their weak legitimacy. The mayor could successfully divide the participating interest groups. The unrealistic new rules had to be modified as soon as two months after their introduction. Even after this modification, the new rules impose uniform tariffs in a market, which previously had been extremely segmented: different tariffs applied to cruising on the street, preordering by phone, or hiring a taxi based on long term agreement. The result of the new rules could surprise the Municipality, if players outside the regulated market increase their share significantly.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447389
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    hdl: 10419/108351
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/21
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (53 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  7. Állami kockázatitőke-programok nemzetközi tapasztalatai
    Autor*in: Karsai, Judit
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Governments play several roles in the venture capital market. Based on empirical examples, the current paper focuses on the role of the government as a venture capital investor. Compared to the direct involvement of governments in investments... mehr

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    Governments play several roles in the venture capital market. Based on empirical examples, the current paper focuses on the role of the government as a venture capital investor. Compared to the direct involvement of governments in investments entailing risks of market distortion, the paper demonstrates that governments increasingly contribute to the funds of the venture capital market in an indirect way: by encouraging private investors to participate. The involvement of private investors in government schemes could serve as a guarantee to select commercially viable projects without any political pressure, to schedule the financing of programs independently from election cycles, and to encourage experienced fund managers to participate in government programs. The main conclusion of the paper is that only those governmentfunded venture capital funds could ensure the proper utilization of public resources that are managed by the private sphere and are funded mostly by private investors. This would also contribute to economic policy objectives, such as improving the supply of capital for promising young companies.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447419
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    hdl: 10419/108359
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/23
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (35 S.)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  8. A migráció és a magyar migránsok jellemzői 1999 - 2011
    tendenciák és a migránsok profilja a KSH Munkaerő-felmérés adatai alapján
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    In this paper we use the Hungarian Central Statistical Office's Labour Force Survey to examine the rate of Hungarian inhabitants working abroad between 1999 and 2011. We also examine the characteristics of this group. A break in trend can be observed... mehr

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    In this paper we use the Hungarian Central Statistical Office's Labour Force Survey to examine the rate of Hungarian inhabitants working abroad between 1999 and 2011. We also examine the characteristics of this group. A break in trend can be observed in the fourth quarter of 2009 in the rate of Hungarians with a foreign workplace. The growth of the rate has accelerated since then. Working abroad - including commuting between countries - is more frequent in the group of men and in the age group between 20 and 30 years. Considering education, vocational school and university degree make working abroad the most likely but this effect does not apply the same way in different geographical regions. In more developed regions the effect of education is stronger and the odds of working abroad are the highest for people with university degree. In less developed regions vocational training increases the most the odds of working in another country. The effect of age also differs: while in less developed regions being above the age of 40 decreases significantly the odds of working abroad, in developed regions this effect does not apply.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447136
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    hdl: 10419/108343
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/4
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (76 S.), graph. Darst., Kt.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  9. Hol tart a közép-kelet-európai kockázati- és magántőke-piac öt évvel a válság után?
    Autor*in: Karsai, Judit
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    While in Western Europe the venture capital and private equity industry have mostly got over the shock of the crisis, the Central and East-European region in 2013 still showed a tendency of deterioration. Signs of recovery could not be perceived... mehr

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    While in Western Europe the venture capital and private equity industry have mostly got over the shock of the crisis, the Central and East-European region in 2013 still showed a tendency of deterioration. Signs of recovery could not be perceived neither in fundraising, investment or divestment activities. Similarly to Europe in general, institutional investors wishing to invest in the CEE region are concerned by the increasing north-south divergence. In Hungary substantial government venture capital resources are available for early-stage venture capital investments. However, in addition to the general problems affecting the CEE region, the freezing of buy-outs can be attributed to special difficulties arising from special economic policy risks in Hungary.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447303
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    hdl: 10419/108342
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/15
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (28 S.)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  10. A magyarországi dolgozó korú népesség halandósága
    makroelemzés időben és térben
    Autor*in: Lackó, Mária
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    The study analyses the development of Hungarian mortality rates of working age population and its explanatory factors. The analysis uses two approaches: first an international cross-sectional comparison for the year 2011, and then a time series... mehr

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    The study analyses the development of Hungarian mortality rates of working age population and its explanatory factors. The analysis uses two approaches: first an international cross-sectional comparison for the year 2011, and then a time series examination with the help of a "health production function", based on Hungarian data for the period 1972-2009. In both approaches we investigate the mortality rates of males and females separately. In the international cross sectional comparison of 46 countries of Europe and CIS countries turns out that the huge differences in mortality rates are to a great extent determined by the long term past of the political and economic systems in the preceding decades. According to the "state socialist syndrome of mortality", in the post socialist economies mortality rates have been much higher than in long term capitalist countries, especially for men. Cross country differences in male mortality are influenced by a series of factors: latitude of the countries, GDP per capita in the countries, relative prices and consumption of unhealthy products (alcohol, especially spirit, and tobacco), the share of the informal or hidden economy in total production, level of education of the population, and the share of health expenditure in GDP. For females factors related to lifestyle explain differences in mortality rates in a less pronounced way than for males. [...]

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447310
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    hdl: 10419/108334
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/16
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (48 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  11. A gazdagsági stagnálás „színe” és fonákja
    jó az exporttöbblet és az adósságcsökkenés, de rossz a tőkekiáramlás és a beruházás-visszaesés?
    Autor*in: Halpern, László; Obláth, Gábor
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Over the last few years Hungary has posted large and increasing surpluses in its trade balance. The country has also become a net lender to the rest of the world, revealed by the surplus in the current and capital account of the balance of payments.... mehr

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    Over the last few years Hungary has posted large and increasing surpluses in its trade balance. The country has also become a net lender to the rest of the world, revealed by the surplus in the current and capital account of the balance of payments. These developments are mirrored by significant deficits (capital outflows) recorded in the financial account, as well as by the fall in external indebtedness of both the private sector and the country as a whole. However, it is the poor performance of the economy regarding changes in income, consumption and investments - partly explained by deleveraging in the private sector - which underlies its external performance. Therefore, it makes little sense to rejoice over the surplus in the trade balance, while being unhappy about capital outflows and the low (decreasing) investment rate. These developments reveal different sides of the same story, where the various aspects are related to each other by macroeconomic accounting identities. While our paper aims to quantify these relationships in international comparison, it also makes the point that capital outflows should not be mixed up with "capital flight"; we found no evidence of the latter. We call attention to the fact that private investments, net of capital consumption, decreased to an extremely low level. Without a turn in investment activity, there is no hope for maintaining export growth and revitalizing domestic demand. However, the growth in investments is likely to decrease net exports, which may be a drag on economic growth.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447266
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    hdl: 10419/108337
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/12
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (79 S.), graph. Darst.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  12. A trafikpiac átalakulása és átalakítása
    esettanulmány
    Autor*in: Laki, Mihály
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    This case study is a part of the research project "The Unexpected consequences and impacts of the regulation of markets" which is financed by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund. It deals with the conditions and impacts of the implementation of... mehr

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    This case study is a part of the research project "The Unexpected consequences and impacts of the regulation of markets" which is financed by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund. It deals with the conditions and impacts of the implementation of the Law CXXIV (2012) which radically changed the regulation of the market of tobacco products. The new regulation promised significant political benefits for the ruling coalition because the majority of the population supports the supression of smoking in the young generation. That is the reason why the government and the national assembly played a significant role in the remarkable modification of the regulation of this market. An other important factor of this development was that one of the decisive market players - mobilizing its political influence and connection - was involved into the enactment process from its very beginning. The efforts of candidates close to power (which wanted to enter this market) were not coordinated, but they expected the good support of the decision makers. But the new regulation had a number of failures and disturbances. As a result of the new legislation there remained 1500 settlements without a shop of tobacco sales. This unexpected development and the high and growing number of loss making tobacco shops forced the government (and the state company responsible for the tobacco market) to modify permanently the regulation in a short period of time. The main reason for the market distrubances was the artifical restructuring of the market of tobacco products.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447211
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    hdl: 10419/108346
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/10
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (74 S.)
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  13. Élmények és tárgyak fogyasztásának kapcsolata a szubjektív jólléttel
    Autor*in: Hajdu, Tamás; Hajdu, Gábor
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    n this paper we analyze whether people who spend money on experiences rather than material things are more satisfied. Previous psychological studies have several drawbacks, and therefore their results might be biased and unreliable. Trying to avoid... mehr

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    n this paper we analyze whether people who spend money on experiences rather than material things are more satisfied. Previous psychological studies have several drawbacks, and therefore their results might be biased and unreliable. Trying to avoid these drawbacks in this research we use large-scale representative survey databases from Hungary. In the first study we analyze two pooled cross-sectional surveys (TÁRKI Household Monitor 2005 and 2007), in the second study we analyze a subsample of the Hungarian Household Budget Survey (HBS). We estimate the association of expenditures with life satisfaction using linear and non-linear models as well. We demonstrate that experiences associate stronger with life satisfaction than material things, thus our evidences based on survey data corroborate the previous results from the psychological experiments. In addition, we show that marginal effect of material expenditures is diminishing, whereas marginal effect of experiential expenditures is constant. It means that, ceteris paribus, a reallocation of the expenditures might increase individuals' well-being. The magnitude of this gain is similar to a 10 percent increase in income and expenditures. Although this analysis is not able to establish causality between expenditures and satisfaction, at the end of the paper we suggest a minor modification of the HBS which can make possible to analyze the causal relationship between expenditures and well-being.

     
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    ISBN: 9786155447259
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108339
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/11
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (38 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  14. A rövid ellátási láncok hatásai
    összefoglaló a nemzetközi szakirodalom és a hazai tapasztalatok alapján
    Autor*in: Benedek, Zsófia
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Local food and short food supply chains are in the centre of attention among consumers, NGOs as well as policy makers. These systems have long tradition the US and Western Europe; they have been spreading in Hungary, too. The main purpose of this... mehr

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    Local food and short food supply chains are in the centre of attention among consumers, NGOs as well as policy makers. These systems have long tradition the US and Western Europe; they have been spreading in Hungary, too. The main purpose of this study is to review the international literature on short food supply chains and their impacts, and to generally display and discuss the lessons learnt about types that have already appeared in Hungary. The term short food supply chain (SFSC) covers a broad range of marketing channels. In general, small geographical, social, cultural distance between producers and consumers is typical, and also, demand for environmentally friendly production methods is often an important aspect. Consumers of SFSCs are usually more highly educated than the average. Traditional forms such as farmers' markets are typically visited by elder people; while novel, unusual types (like community supported agriculture or web-based value chains) attract the young. As for the producers' side, a characteristic group of farmers participate (especially in case of non-traditional SFSCs) who are innovative, open to the new marketing methods and also have good practical skills (and courage). SFSCs are expected to solve several sustainability-related problems; however, it is not always possible to provide clear scientific evidence about their positive environmental, social or economic impact. In some cases the traditional food supply chains may prove to be more rational (cheaper, environmentally more beneficial). To summarize, due to the heterogeneity and context-dependency of SFSCs, there is probably no generally preferable "good" or "worthy for supporting" solution, but the current situation and local environment should be carefully evaluated.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Ungarisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9786155447174
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108345
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Institute of Economics Hungarian Academy of Sciences ; 2014/8
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (48 S.), graph. Darst.
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    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache
  15. A tanoncképzés rövidtávú munkaerőpiaci hatásai
    Autor*in: Horn, Dániel
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Labour Research Department, Institute of Economics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest

    Although apprenticeship training has been praised for its effectiveness in smoothing the school-to-work transition of non-college bound students in Western European dual education systems, there is a lack of evidence from Central Eastern Europe.... mehr

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 152 (2014,2)
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    Although apprenticeship training has been praised for its effectiveness in smoothing the school-to-work transition of non-college bound students in Western European dual education systems, there is a lack of evidence from Central Eastern Europe. Using a unique individual-level panel database, which includes an extensive set of controls, the study shows that Hungarian vocational apprenticeship students from the non-college bound vocational training track and from the vocational secondary track have about 10-15% higher probability of initial employment, compared to similar graduates from the same track, who were trained in school. This effect seems to be stable across industries and robust to specification checks. It is also apparent that this effect is due to the apprenticeship students trained in medium or large size firms.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Ungarisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9786155447198
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/108498
    Schriftenreihe: Budapest working papers on the labour market ; 2014/2
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (25 S.), graph. Darst.
    Bemerkung(en):

    Zsfassung in ungar. Sprache