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  1. BPC em disputa: como alterações regulatórias recentes se refletem no acesso ao benefício
    Autor*in: Paiva, Andrea Barreto de; Pinheiro, Marina Brito
    Erschienen: outubro de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    This study investigates recent changes in the Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) policy and discusses its advances and limitations in guaranteeing and promoting rights. In addition to briefly analyzing the trajectory of changes in the BPC... mehr

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    This study investigates recent changes in the Benefício de Prestação Continuada (BPC) policy and discusses its advances and limitations in guaranteeing and promoting rights. In addition to briefly analyzing the trajectory of changes in the BPC eligibility criteria between 1996 and 2016, the work focuses on initiatives to modernize the management of BPC, such as mandatory registration in CadÚnico, INSS Digital implantation, and new procedures for revising and updating beneficiary registration. The study also discusses the changes resulting from Law no 13.982/2020, approved by the National Congress at the beginning of the Covid-19 pandemic, as well as new administrative and regulatory measures presented by the Executive Power in the context of the pandemic public policy response. Finally, the authors point to the need for a balance between strategies for policy improving, increasing state efficiency and guaranteeing the BPC’s primary function of offering protection to a population in a situation of great vulnerability.

     
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    Sprache: Portugiesisch
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    hdl: 10419/249221
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2703
    Schlagworte: social assistance policies; Benefício de Prestação Continuada; social protection systems
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 66 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Assistência técnica na agricultura brasileira: uma análise sobre a origem da orientação técnica por meio do Censo Agropecuário de 2017
    Autor*in: Pereira, Caroline Nascimento; Castro, César Nunes de
    Erschienen: outubro de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    Technical assistance as a support tool and source of information for rural producers has undergone several transformations over the years. After brief attempts to introduce the service, ATER gained strength in the period of agricultural... mehr

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    Technical assistance as a support tool and source of information for rural producers has undergone several transformations over the years. After brief attempts to introduce the service, ATER gained strength in the period of agricultural technification in the 1960s. Agricultural credit provided resources for producers to introduce the technological package to crops, which was disseminated through technical assistance among agricultural establishments. Some decades passed after the creation, and even dismantling, of the main institutions and entities in the sector, but technical assistance remains an indispensable service to improve the performance of the productive activity, in addition to the possibility of reducing costs and increasing profitability. Furthermore, the role of extension workers is essential to collaborate with social issues in the field, such as productive organization, associations, among others. Despite the proven importance, only 20% of Brazilian agricultural establishments have some type of technical guidance in the 2017 Agricultural Census. The public ATER, which has great capillarity throughout Brazil and qualified human capital, showed a reduction in performance among the 2006 Agricultural Census and 2017. In opposite, other sources of technical guidance have shown significant growth, such as self-orientation and cooperatives. The greater use of other sources is welcome, mainly due to the specificities of each region and the type of agriculture practiced, however many establishments, mainly in the North and Northeast of Brazil, do not have the resources and scale to hire their own employees or in the region there is no culture cooperatives, which prevents the production of many small establishments.

     
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    Sprache: Portugiesisch
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    hdl: 10419/249222
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2704
    Schlagworte: social assistance policies; Benefício de Prestação Continuada; social protection systems
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Ciclo de negócios e incertezas: avaliando o comportamento e as perspectivas da indústria automotiva diante da crise pandêmica da Covid-19 no Brasil
    Autor*in: Andrade, Gerlane Gonçalves de; Betarelli Junior, Admir Antonio; Silva, Carlos Alberto Gonçalves da; Faria, Weslem Rodrigues
    Erschienen: outubro de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The uncertainties and economic effects after the outbreak of Covid-19 raised major concerns about the business conditions of the Brazilian automotive sector. This study contributes to this debate in course and analyzes the demand and supply of... mehr

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    The uncertainties and economic effects after the outbreak of Covid-19 raised major concerns about the business conditions of the Brazilian automotive sector. This study contributes to this debate in course and analyzes the demand and supply of automobiles and light commercial vehicles in the Brazilian conjuncture, preceding the pandemic crisis, and then points out how this type of productive activity would react to unexpected shocks in the initial period of the outbreak of Covid-19 in the country. To accomplish this tasks, we applied a vector auto-regressive (VAR) model with functions of impulse response and decomposition of the variance of the forecast errors. The main findings suggest that credit, income, price and tax influence the business conditions of the sector in the short term. Nevertheless, the fluctuations generated by demand or supply shocks are momentary and the sector typically returns to a stationary trend over a period of five months. In this variant, the analysis suggests that the automotive activity has a capacity for quick recovery for the trend even in the face of an eventual adverse shock of the business cycle such as that of the pandemic period of Covid-19. This convergence time can be shortened by credit and tax reduction policies, as well as the new automation and electrification technologies in the automotive industry.

     
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    hdl: 10419/249223
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2705
    Schlagworte: business cycle; Covid-19; automotive industry; model VAR
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Trás-os-Montes
    Beteiligt: Perez Sanchez, Eduardo (FotografIn)
    Erschienen: julho de 2021

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Beteiligt: Perez Sanchez, Eduardo (FotografIn)
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Druck
    ISBN: 9789893320068
    RVK Klassifikation: AP 94100
    Schlagworte: Perez Sanchez, Eduardo; Schwarzweißfotografie; Dorf <Motiv>; Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro; Geschichte 1980-1990;
    Umfang: 136 Seiten, 30 cm
    Bemerkung(en):

    Bound
  5. Anos de chumbo e outros contos
    Autor*in: Buarque, Chico
    Erschienen: Novembro 2021
    Verlag:  Companhia das Letras, Lisboa

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    ISBN: 9789897844584
    RVK Klassifikation: IQ 99990
    Auflage/Ausgabe: 1.a edição
    Umfang: 183 Seiten, 23 cm
    Bemerkung(en):

    Short stories

    Published simultaneously in Brazil
  6. Livros que respiram
    pensamento ecológico e solidariedade nas literaturas em português
    Autor*in: Sá, André Corrêa de
    Erschienen: [2021]; © 2021
    Verlag:  Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    ISBN: 9789892621647
    RVK Klassifikation: IR 2950 ; IR 3079 ; IR 8323 ; IQ 88127 ; EC 1879
    Schriftenreihe: Investigação
    Schlagworte: Portugiesisch; Literatur; Umweltbewusstsein; Ecocriticism;
    Umfang: 307 Seiten, 23 cm
    Bemerkung(en):

    Bibliografie: Seite 285-299
  7. A flor de cuerpo
    representaciones de género y de las disidencias sexo-genéricas en Latinoamérica
    Beteiligt: Moreira, Luciana (HerausgeberIn); Wieser, Doris (HerausgeberIn)
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Iberoamericana, Madrid ; Vervuert, Frankfurt am Main

    A flor de cuerpo reúne ensayos sobre las representaciones del género y de las disidencias sexo-genéricas en Latinoamérica en el campo cultural (literatura, cine, cómic, teatro, música, fanzines, artes y artivismos) y los movimientos sociales.... mehr

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    A flor de cuerpo reúne ensayos sobre las representaciones del género y de las disidencias sexo-genéricas en Latinoamérica en el campo cultural (literatura, cine, cómic, teatro, música, fanzines, artes y artivismos) y los movimientos sociales. Pretende hacerse desde el Sur y para el Sur, a la vez que alimenta los también necesarios diálogos Sur-Norte y Norte-Sur. Las investigaciones abordan el trabajo de artistas y activistas latinoamericanxs queer, feministas y/o antirracistas como una comunidad transnacional y heterogénea. El libro, con un enfoque interseccional, pretende visibilizar las condiciones concretas en las que viven las mujeres y la disidencia sexo-genérica en Latinoamérica, discutir sus múltiples estrategias de resistencia y sus contradiscursos para eludir los mecanismos de opresión específicos de la región, resultantes de una mezcla de fuerzas allí presentes: el efecto prolongado de la colonialidad (del poder, del saber y del género) y el racismo subyacente, estructuras patriarcales locales, antiguas o inventadas, o aun las diversas mezclas culturales que, a lo largo del tiempo, produjeron dinámicas propias irrepetibles en otras partes del mundo. Inhaltsverzeichnis: Frontmatter -- Agradecimientos -- Índice -- Feminismos y estudios queer en Latinoamérica: consideraciones preliminares -- Ac/rtivismos feministas -- Activismo feminista desde el arte: un análisis con activistas y artistas feministas colombianas -- Y ahora que sí nos ven: intervenciones feministas del espacio público: performance, artivismo y cuerpos movilizados -- Feminismo DIY en América Latina -- Artivismos y espacios de resistencia queer -- Não ao fracasso: levantes dos artivismos das dissidências sexuais e de gênero no Brasil -- Por uma história queer das sensações: no caminho com os filmes de Marcelo Caetano -- Creando “mundos posibles en un mundo que asfixia” -- Género y sexualidades resignificadas en la literatura y el teatro -- Ciencia ficción y feminismo especulativo en las literaturas caribeñas -- Sofía de los presagios, de Gioconda Belli: marginalidades de género, sociales y literarias -- Macubá: un nuevo horizonte dramatúrgico sobre mujeres y negritud en Cuba -- Espacios plurales, cuerpos emergentes -- El último verano de la boyita: una mirada interseccional a la representación de la intersexualidad -- A representação da(s) identidade(s) trans na obra de Laerte Coutinho -- ¡Llegó la Gorda!: el cuerpo gordo-lésbico en la narrativa y el hip hop cubano -- Desencuentro colonial: género y sexualidad -- Terra Brasilis sine Inquisitione: da questão LGBT e das suas manifestações no Brasil Colônia -- Seres sexo-genéricamente no binarios dentro de la cosmogonía maya: relectura poscolonial y de género del Popol Vuh -- Sobre lxs autorxs.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Beteiligt: Moreira, Luciana (HerausgeberIn); Wieser, Doris (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Spanisch; Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783968691404
    Weitere Identifier:
    RVK Klassifikation: IQ 00011
    Schriftenreihe: Nexos y diferencias ; 69
    Nexos y Diferencias. Estudios de la Cultura de América Latina ; 69
    Schlagworte: Sex role; SOCIAL SCIENCE / Gender Studies
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (379 Seiten), Illustrationen
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    Joint ed
  8. A defesa nacional e os programas estratégicos de defesa no PPA 2016 - 2019
    Autor*in: Giesteira, Luís Felipe; Matos, Patrícia de Oliveira; Ferreira, Thiago Borne
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    This paper assesses the Brazilian National Defense Policy considering the objectives established by the National Defense Policy (PDN), the National Defense Strategy (END) and the National Defense White Paper (LBDN). It seeks to clarify whether the... mehr

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    This paper assesses the Brazilian National Defense Policy considering the objectives established by the National Defense Policy (PDN), the National Defense Strategy (END) and the National Defense White Paper (LBDN). It seeks to clarify whether the goals listed in such documents have been achieved, especially with regard to technological autonomy and the strengthening of the Industrial Defense Base (IDB) in Brazil. To this end, we analyzed the sector's budget allocation as provided by the 2016-2019 Pluriannual Plan (PPA), relating actions, objectives and targets to the Ministry of Defense (MD) Strategic Programs. It is concluded that, despite the adverse economic situation registered in the country over the period, there was a growth in investments in projects with relatively high technological content. However, the research also showed that the same trend did not occur in areas equally important for National Defense, such as the nuclear and space sectors.

     
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    hdl: 10419/243026
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2672
    Schlagworte: National Defense Policy; Pluriannual Plan; defense budget; technological innovation; strategy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Tendências e desigualdades da mobilidade urbana no Brasil I: o uso do transporte coletivo e individual
    Autor*in: Pereira, Rafael H. M.; Warwar, Lucas; Parga, João Pedro Figueira Amorim; Bazzo, João; Braga, Carlos Kauê Vieira; Herszenhut, Daniel; Saraiva, Marcus
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In this study we examine how the use of private and public transport has changed since the early 2000s in Brazilian cities. We analyzed data on the changing patterns of consumption of transportation goods and services by Brazilian families over the... mehr

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    In this study we examine how the use of private and public transport has changed since the early 2000s in Brazilian cities. We analyzed data on the changing patterns of consumption of transportation goods and services by Brazilian families over the last 20 years. We also analyzed how urban transportation costs, the demand for public transport, and the country's vehicle fl eet have evolved in that period. All the analyses conducted pointed to a gradual and persistent trend of households moving away from public transportation towards individual modes of transport, mainly among the middle and lower classes in medium and small cities. These changing patterns caused a continuous deterioration of mobility conditions in Brazilian cities, signifi cantly increasing the time people tend to spend in traffi c. Furthermore, we demonstrate how people are unequally affected by poor mobility conditions according to their socioeconomic status, gender, and color. Finally, we show how the economic and public health crisis generated by the Covid-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on urban mobility patterns, causing a sharp decline in the numbers of daily public transport passengers across the country. Those fi ndings indicate that the Covid-19 pandemic will likely deepen the vicious cycle of passenger loss and increasing public transport fares, thus accelerating the historical trend of modal shifts from public transportation to individual modes of transport in Brazilian cities. At the end of the study we point to a few urban and transport policies that could help mitigate this trend.

     
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    hdl: 10419/243027
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2673
    Schlagworte: urban mobility; public transport; motorization; demand; consumption behavior; inflation; commute time; Covid-19
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Teoria e prática sobre planejamento e orçamento plurianuais
    Autor*in: Mendes, Constantino Cronemberger; Abreu, Welles Matias de; Souza, Thiago Silva e
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This study deals with state action through the analysis of the main administrative instruments with planning and budgeting, aiming to illustrate the different characteristics between the planning and budgeting instruments under the multi-annual... mehr

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    This study deals with state action through the analysis of the main administrative instruments with planning and budgeting, aiming to illustrate the different characteristics between the planning and budgeting instruments under the multi-annual perspective and to present possible risks of becoming a substitute and multi-annual devices, not complimentary, within the political process of public decision. The budget is a political-political instrument with an allocation structure of public resources and expenditure on entities considered to be of public interest. Planning, in turn, is closely linked to the State's distributive function, to the problems of identifying social demand, public choice, and prioritizing public goods. Both the allocative function of the budget and the distributive function exercised using planning are integrated or interrelated but are limited to the fi scal and fi nancial conditions of the State for maintaining macroeconomic balance. Among the four constitutional amendments pending in the National Congress on planning and budget, only one brings an interpretation of the multi-annual budget as a substitute for the Multi-Annual Plan (PPA), under the national medium-term scope of the federal government. In this context, the possibility of removing the constitutional requirement of the PPA to be a law without a clear proposal to replace it does not fail to create an institutional instability about the fate of planning and budgeting in Brazil. In this sense, this work brings subsidies to stimulate the necessary debate with society regarding the project that is on the legislative table to, for the time being, extinguish the PPA to implement and a multi-annual budget.

     
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    hdl: 10419/243028
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2674
    Schlagworte: planning; budget; multiannual; public choice; federal constitution
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Agricultura nordestina: análise comparativa entre os Censos Agropecuários de 2006 a 2017
    Autor*in: Castro, César Nunes de; Pereira, Caroline Nascimento
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    Agriculture in Brazil's Northeastern Region compared to the rest of the country has a history of low productivity and little use of technological innovations. This scenario is the result of public policies that did not favor the Northeast to the same... mehr

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    Agriculture in Brazil's Northeastern Region compared to the rest of the country has a history of low productivity and little use of technological innovations. This scenario is the result of public policies that did not favor the Northeast to the same extent of the Central-South region of Brazil. One-off investments were made over the years, such as irrigated perimeters, local productive arrangements, among other focused actions that produced concentrated growth. Thus, it is important to analyze how the Northeastern agriculture and the use of technological innovations behaved using data from the 2006 and 2017 Agricultural Censuses. The hypothesis of the work is that there was productive growth and greater adoption of technologies by most producers. The data confi rmed that despite agricultural growth and greater use of technologies, it remains focused and concentrated in a few areas.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2675
    Schlagworte: Agricultural Census; Northest; technological innovations
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. O Pronaf no Nordeste: análise a partir dos dados do Censo Agropecuário de 2017
    Autor*in: Castro, César Nunes de; Freitas, Rogério Edivaldo
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The goal of the study is to analyze family farmers in Brazilian Northeast Region, based on a brief approach and the Pronaf insertion in that area. Exploratory analysis was developed based on 2017 agricultural census. Results highlight great number of... mehr

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    The goal of the study is to analyze family farmers in Brazilian Northeast Region, based on a brief approach and the Pronaf insertion in that area. Exploratory analysis was developed based on 2017 agricultural census. Results highlight great number of agricultural units which raise animals or dedicated to some kind of farming, especially medium size animal, horticultural production and plant extractivism. There is notable family units and non-family units income disparity. In family units, agricultural activities from Pronaf farmers are the major income responsible, although income arising from non-agricultural activities cannot be denied. Other public policies deserve to be improved in that region, that is, infrastructure, rural extension, and agricultural insurance. There are several contingency factors especially relevant for local small and Pronaf producers, that is, the technological base and the guarantee assets asked for concluding the Pronaf loans. Moreover, local migratory process has diminished the number of young producers, a critical point for long-term Pronaf's impact and, fi nally yet importantly, the water disputes in Brazilian Northeast.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2677
    Schlagworte: Brazil; Northeast region; agricultural; Pronaf; agricultural census
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten)
  13. Distribuição de crédito e crescimento no Nordeste: uma comparação entre BNDES e BNB 2010-2019
    Autor*in: Ehrl, Philipp; Portugal, Rodrigo
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2678
    Schlagworte: Entwicklungsbank; Kreditgeschäft; Räumliche Verteilung; Brasilien
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Objetivos de desenvolvimento sustentável e desafios decorrentes das oportunidades escolares no ensino fundamental brasileiro
    Autor*in: Matijascic, Milko; Rolon, Carolina Esther Kotovicz
    Erschienen: julho de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This paper investigates the intersectional inequalities in the Brazilian primary and lower secondary school levels in 2017, comparing them with those observed in 1997. To do so, it analyses the indicators of goal 4.1 of the Sustainable Development... mehr

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    This paper investigates the intersectional inequalities in the Brazilian primary and lower secondary school levels in 2017, comparing them with those observed in 1997. To do so, it analyses the indicators of goal 4.1 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), namely, the completion rates of primary and lower secondary levels and the percentage of students who reached the level of performance considered satisfactory in the Reading and Mathematics tests of the Basic Education Assessment System (Saeb), from 1997 and 2017. The intersectionality of the categories of sex, race, and family per capita income and sex, Brazilian regions and rurality proved to be signifi cant to explain the inequalities in the completion rates of primary school in 1997 and of the lower secondary level in 1997 and in 2017, demonstrating the importance of ceasing educational inequalities in their dynamics. The imbrications of the categories of sex, race and large Brazilian regions and sex, large Brazilian regions and rurality were signifi cant in understanding the inequalities in student performance at the end of both primary and lower secondary school cycles in 1997 and 2017. By shedding light on intersectional inequalities in primary and lower secondary education, the results of this research contribute to the monitoring of goal 4.5 of the SDG which aims to overcome educational inequalities.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2679
    Schlagworte: Sustainable Development Goals; inequality of educational opportunities; primary and lower secondary schools; Basic Education Assessment System (Saeb)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten)
  15. Transição energética e potencial de cooperação nos Brics em energias renováveis e gás natural
    Autor*in: Losekann, Luciano; Tavares, Amanda
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    The BRICS are characterized by the diversity of energy systems, socioeconomic structures, and institutional frameworks. Therefore, the energy transition process assumes particular trends in each country. Despite the high share of fossil fuels in the... mehr

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    The BRICS are characterized by the diversity of energy systems, socioeconomic structures, and institutional frameworks. Therefore, the energy transition process assumes particular trends in each country. Despite the high share of fossil fuels in the energy mix, the BRICS are engaged in promoting clean energy sources. Expanding cooperation in the area of energy is seen as a way to seize opportunities for complementarity. This study analyzes the initiatives and opportunities for cooperation in the BRICS energy transition process at bilateral and multilateral levels, with a focus on the diffusion of renewable sources and natural gas. The first part of the study describes the evolution of the BRICS energy mix and policies for the diffusion of renewable energies and natural gas as a way to mitigate CO2 emissions. The second part of the report addresses energy cooperation among the BRICS, presenting the initiatives already developed, prospects and opportunities.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2680
    Schlagworte: BRICS; cooperation; renewable energy; natural gas; energy efficiency; CO2 emissions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 71 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Heterogeneidade industrial regional: um comparativo entre as UFs da região Centro-Oeste e São Paulo
    Autor*in: Pires, Murilo José de Souza
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    The economies of the Midwest region, since the 1990s, have been undergoing a change in their development style, as external factors have become more pulsating vis-à-vis internal factors as determinants in the transformation of productive structures... mehr

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    The economies of the Midwest region, since the 1990s, have been undergoing a change in their development style, as external factors have become more pulsating vis-à-vis internal factors as determinants in the transformation of productive structures of this regional space. More connected to international markets, these local economies accelerated the process of modernizing their productive structures, but without breaking with their condition of underdevelopment. It is in this context that the whole plot of this investigation is woven, that is, to verify whether there is any reduction in the gap between the average labor productivity of the industrial sectors due to competitiveness factors in the states that form the Midwest region vis-à-vis the state of São Paulo in the period from 1996 to 2016. For this purpose, the historical-structural method is adopted as a means to test and validate the empirical evidence that the average productivity differential of the industrial sectors due to centralostatic competitiveness factors vis-à-vis -vis to the state of São Paulo has been decreasing in the interstitium from 1996 to 2016. In this sense, the industrial sectors due to competitiveness factors in the Midwest region that showed greater convergence in terms of industrial labor productivity vis-à-vis the state from São Paulo were those based on natural resources, differentiated, intensive in scale and intensive in work. With the exception of the Federal District, no state in the Midwest showed a reduction in the gap between the productivity differential of industrial work vis-à-vis the state of São Paulo in what concerns the science-based sector. Thus, it is important to underline that the degree of heterogeneity between the industrial sectors that constitute the states of the Midwest and São Paulo presented, in the interstitium from 1996 to 2016, a decline, since their values were closer to the average of each signaling, therefore, that the diffusion of technical progress has followed the path of greater interregional homogenization. However, it is important to emphasize that this did not mean that these states have overcome the duality between the companies that modernized and those that still remained clinging to the fetters of archaic and traditional techniques. This reinforces the technological dependence of this regional space in relation to the technological standard established in the central countries, since the states of the Midwest region have little capacity for endogenous generation of science, technology and innovation (CT&I). This fact reinforces the need to formulate state strategies in science, technology and innovation (ST&I) to reduce the dependence of these states vis-à-vis the technological innovations that are produced in central countries.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2681
    Schlagworte: technical progress; structural heterogeneity; Midwest
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Produtividade do algodão no Brasil: uma análise da mudança estrutural
    Autor*in: Alcanara, Isabela Romanha de; Vedana, Roberta; Vieira Filho, José Eustáquio Ribeiro
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The cultivation of arboreal cotton, which represented almost a quarter of the national production and occupied half of the area harvested in the 1970s, was practically extinct, while the production of herbaceous cotton grew and consolidated since the... mehr

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    The cultivation of arboreal cotton, which represented almost a quarter of the national production and occupied half of the area harvested in the 1970s, was practically extinct, while the production of herbaceous cotton grew and consolidated since the 2000s. This study evaluated the productivity of herbaceous cotton from 1974 to 2019, a period in which the country minimized external dependence and became a reference in the international market, accounting for 15.6% of world exports. An attempt was made to verify a possible structural break in productivity. The weevil plague, the optimization of natural resources and technological improvement, as well as the creation of producer organizations and associations, stimulated the productive restructuring, in which the production units were relocated in the territory. The results indicated that productivity changed in intercept and trend in 1999. The annual growth rate was 2.03% before and 2.43% afterward. The level change was 81.91%. Institutional and productive transformations were responsible for productivity gains, which allowed for productive expansion and contributed to a land-saving effect of 12.2 million hectares over time.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2682
    Schlagworte: cotton crop; productive restructuring; structural rupture; productivity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Avaliação de impacto do Programa de Geração de Emprego e Renda (PROGER)
    Autor*in: Corseuil, Carlos Henrique; Foguel, Miguel Nathan; Russo, Felipe Mendonça
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This article presents the results of an impact assessment of the Employment and Income Generation Program (Proger) - a loan program to small e medium sized firms conducted by the Brazilian government - on formal employment, payroll and unjustified... mehr

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    This article presents the results of an impact assessment of the Employment and Income Generation Program (Proger) - a loan program to small e medium sized firms conducted by the Brazilian government - on formal employment, payroll and unjustified dismissals. Two sources of data were used in the assessment: BG-Proger, which provides information on the program's loan contracts, and Rais, which contains information on the set of formal companies and their employees in the country. The assessment focused on companies that took credit from the program only once. The methodology employed used a recent expansion of the difference-in-differences method in the sense that it makes it possible to estimate heterogeneous impacts of the intervention for different groups entering the program (treatment groups) and over the time, both in the calendar dimension and in the time elapsed after the intervention. The application of the methodology was based on a balanced panel of "cells" formed by the interaction of the dimensions: Federation Units, industry and year of entry into the program. In general, the results show positive and statistically significant impacts on employment, payroll and unjustified dismissals for most treatment groups. The effects on employment and payroll show an inverted U pattern (incomplete at the end) for the calendar time dimension and more monotonic pattern for the relative time to entering the program; the effects on unfair dismissals are more stable in the first temporal dimension and more erratic in the second. The article also contains a partial analysis of the benefits and the implicit subsidies of the programs evaluated.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2683
    Schlagworte: public policy; micro and small enterprises; impact evaluation; financing; employment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Desigualdades no mercado de trabalho e pandemia da Covid-19
    Autor*in: Costa, Joana Simões; Barbosa, Ana Luiza Neves de Holanda; Hecksher, Marcos
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    The aim of this study is to investigate three relevant dimensions of Brazilian inequality in the labor market, gender, race and age, in the period 2012-2020. More specifically, we analyze how these statistics were affected by the crisis due to... mehr

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    The aim of this study is to investigate three relevant dimensions of Brazilian inequality in the labor market, gender, race and age, in the period 2012-2020. More specifically, we analyze how these statistics were affected by the crisis due to Covid-19. It is observed that inequalities in participation, unemployment, occupation and informality rates are not reduced during the 2020 crisis. On the contrary, there is an increase in the difference of employment to population ratio by race and age. The results also indicate that 2020 is characterized by an unusual increase in the chances of job loss and a reduction in the chances of getting a job. It is important to note that even when controlling for other personal or job characteristics, women, blacks and young people are more likely to lose their jobs. Nonetheless, this disadvantage is not specific of the 2020 crisis.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2684
    Schlagworte: Covid-19; inequality; labor market; gender; race; age
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. A representação social do estudo e do trabalho na vida cotidiana de jovens de classes populares
    Autor*in: Silva, Enid Rocha Andrade; Rezende, Valéria
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In this article, we analyze the role of work and study activities in the daily lives of young people aged 18 to 24, who live in low-income families in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. The dream of continuing to study or resuming the trajectory of... mehr

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    In this article, we analyze the role of work and study activities in the daily lives of young people aged 18 to 24, who live in low-income families in the city of Recife, Pernambuco. The dream of continuing to study or resuming the trajectory of studies is present as a central element in the lives of all young people surveyed, representing the great hope of social mobility, even for young people who were not studying and not employed.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2685
    Schlagworte: youth; education; labor market; early pregnancy; inequality; poverty
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten)
  21. Contextualização da política urbana no Brasil e reflexões iniciais para a construção da PNDU
    Autor*in: Costa, Marco Aurélio; Marguti, Bárbara Oliveira; Lubambo, Catia Wanderley; Araújo Junior, Edmar Augusto Santos de; Bruno, Ana Paula; Krause, Cleandro Henrique
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    This Discussion Paper aims to contextualize the process of construction of the National Urban Development Policy (Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Urbano - PNDU), as well as to produce and systematize reference material for its formulation,... mehr

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    This Discussion Paper aims to contextualize the process of construction of the National Urban Development Policy (Política Nacional de Desenvolvimento Urbano - PNDU), as well as to produce and systematize reference material for its formulation, implementation and monitoring. The temporal and spatial dimensions of the course of urban policy in Brazil, in the post-Federal Constitution of 1988 period, reveal the vision of territory considered in the formulation of the PNDU. Recent national, regional and local public rules, practices and actions make it possible to understand how the instruments of urban policy relate to the diversity of territorial scales and to the interfederative transfers to urban financing. The approach about the "right to the city" reflects the PNDU's adherence to international agendas, cross-cutting themes (demographic, environmental and climate change, digital transformation; local economic development and urban security) and national landmarks, especially the City Statute, a fundamental instrument for the promotion of the fair financing of urban policy, through the management of urban land rents.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2686
    Schlagworte: National Urban Development Policy; territorial scales; interfederative relations; urban financing; cross-cutting themes
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 103 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Uma Proxy para a prevalência de armas de fogo baseada em painel de dados dos Estados Unidos
    Autor*in: Cerqueira, Daniel; Coelho, Danilo Santa Cruz; Donohue, John J.; Fernandes, Marcelo; Pinto, Jony Arrais
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    There is a consensus that the proportion of suicides committed with a firearm is the best proxy for gun ownership prevalence. Cerqueira et al. (2018) exploit the socioeconomic characteristics of suicide victims in order to develop a new and more... mehr

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    There is a consensus that the proportion of suicides committed with a firearm is the best proxy for gun ownership prevalence. Cerqueira et al. (2018) exploit the socioeconomic characteristics of suicide victims in order to develop a new and more refined proxy. It is based on the fixed effects of the victim's place of residence estimated from a discrete choice model for the likelihood of committing suicide with gun. We empirically assess this new indicator using gun ownership data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and suicide registers of the US National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) from 1995 through 2004. We show that this alternative proxy correlates more with the percentage of households with firearms than the conventional proxy based on the proportion of suicides committed with a firearm.

     
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    Schlagworte: crime; firearm; fixed effects; logit; panel data; suicide; violence
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  23. A indústria na reconfiguração territorial brasileira: novas expressões dos dilemas nacionais no Século XXI
    Autor*in: Monteiro Neto, Aristides; Silva, Raphael de Oliveira; Severian, Danilo
    Erschienen: agosto de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Rio de Janeiro

    In this article, we discuss the current pattern of territorial reconfi guration of the Brazilian industry, its forms and motivations, in order to put in question some of the most signifi cant challenges of the actual regional issue. We have brought new... mehr

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    In this article, we discuss the current pattern of territorial reconfi guration of the Brazilian industry, its forms and motivations, in order to put in question some of the most signifi cant challenges of the actual regional issue. We have brought new evidence of how it keeps deconcentrating in the context of the persistent decline in the share of the industry in the national economy. In addition, we focused the analysis on the micro-regional scale which showed the following: i) relevant industrial agglomerations (RIAs) continue to fl ourish in all regions of the country; ii) its preferred place is no longer the polygonal area of Diniz-Crocco (1996); and iii) in terms of industrial job creation, the new RIAs created over the 1995-2015 period generated more jobs than those established before 1995.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2688
    Schlagworte: industry and territory; territorial reconfiguration; industrial dynamism; regional development
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Acompanhando a cobertura previdenciária pela PNAD contínua: propostas de indicadores para as diferentes versões da pesquisa
    Autor*in: Ansiliero, Graziela; Costanzi, Rogério Nagamine; Cifuentes, Ricardo
    Erschienen: setembro de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

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    hdl: 10419/243042
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2689
    Schlagworte: Haushaltsstatistik; Soziale Sicherheit; Stichprobenerhebung; Sozialer Indikator; Brasilien
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 70 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. A evolução do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA): uma análise da sua trajetória de implementação, benefícios e desafios
    Autor*in: Perin, Gabriela; Almeida, Ana Flávia Cordeiro de; Spínola, Paulo Asafe Campos; Pella, Antônio Fernando Costa; Sambuichi, Regina Helena Rosa
    Erschienen: setembro de 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    Created in 2003 with the objective of promoting family farming and combating food insecurity of people in vulnerable situations, the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) has been an important marketing channel for small rural producers and a relevant way... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 194
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    Created in 2003 with the objective of promoting family farming and combating food insecurity of people in vulnerable situations, the Food Acquisition Program (PAA) has been an important marketing channel for small rural producers and a relevant way of promoting access to healthy food public policy. Throughout its trajectory, several normative and institutional changes were made in order to improve its implementation. This work aims to analyze the evolution of the implementation of PAA along its trajectory in the period 2003-2019, seeking to understand how changes in its regulations and execution history may have influenced the results of the program in relation to its main benefits and challenges. The method used in this study included document analysis, systematic literature review and content analysis. The document analysis revealed three main periods of PAA's implementation. The initial period (2003-2008) was of learning and organizing processes both at the managerial and local level. The intermediate period (2009-2013) had as main characteristics the strengthening of the program, marked by the role of the National Supply Company (Conab), the emergence of another implementation modality (by Adhesion Term), operated by the Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger (MDS) and, finally, the Agro-Fantasma Operation, which caused an abrupt drop in program operations at the end of this period. In the most recent period (2014- 2019), after a slight initial resumption of resources, there was a continuous reduction in the amounts invested in the PAA, reaching the end of the period at the lowest levels in its history. Although there was an effort to redesign its management to reduce bureaucracy and facilitate access, a change in the government's political and institutional agenda had a strong impact on policies for family farming, strongly affecting the program, which in 2019 reached the lowest level of execution of resources in its history The studies raised in the systematic review showed that, throughout its trajectory, the PAA promoted economic, social and environmental gains. It benefited the producer by increasing their income and allowing them to purchase durable goods. In the social sphere, this Program provided diverse and quality food from local production and promoted the recognition and appreciation of family farming, which reflected in the increased self-esteem and autonomy of the producer families. As for the gains in the environmental perspective, the PAA promoted the diversification of cultures, as well as adherence to good production practices. However, the significant reduction in the amounts invested in recent years has reflected in the increase of the challenges for the program, also indicating the possible decrease in some benefits. Recently, in 2021, PAA was replaced by Programa Alimenta Brasil, created along the lines of the previous program. Thus, it is recommended to increase the resources allocated to PAA's actions, and that the regulation of the new program rescues all the original purposes and modalities of PAA, in order to maintain and maximize its potential to generate benefits.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Portugiesisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/243044
    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2691
    Schlagworte: family farming; public policies; food and nutrition security
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 113 Seiten), Illustrationen