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학위논문(석사)--서울대학교 대학원 :인문대학 국어국문학과,2019. 8. 김종욱. ; This study proposes that the concept of genius plays an important role in Yi Kwang-su's early literary activities. Yi Kwang-su's early literary activities, including What is the literature (『문학이란하오』) and Mu-jeong(『무정』), have been attracting the attention of researchers as one of the sources of modern Korean literature. Studies focusing on the feature of Korean modern literature sought to evaluate Yi Kwang-su's literary activities in terms of the discovery of individual and modern literature. However, there is a problem to consider Yi Kwang-su's literature as just a transplant from the West through Japan. In this perspective, it is at the core of the evaluation that how faithful the transplant was made. Since the late 2000s, researches have focused on Yi Kwang-su's literary tradition. These studies have contributed to a new understanding of Yi Kwang-su's literature by discovering korean and chinese literary traditions inherent in his works. In this way, Yi Kwang-su's literary activities reveal the interaction of the old and new, and the intercourse with the intellectuals of the time. They presented an ideal human in the context of the contemporary period. Ideal humans in that era were called by various names such as heroes, geniuses, and writers(문사). This study focuses on Yi Kwang-su's concept of genius, which characterizes Yi Kwang-su's early literature. Although the expression genius" itself had been used in the Chinese text, it acquired modern meaning by the genius discourse of the 18th century, to define the genius as a person with special qualities. Kant defines genius as the owner of originality that invented a new rule which was never before. Thomas Carlyle used the concept of genius as an expression to describe the hero, explaining the heroes in history. He found the essence of originality being sincerity. Carlyle defined sincerity as a way in which a spirit is linked to a transcendent world and an attitude in which believes and practices it with a true heart. Carlyle's sincerity was in the domain of authenticity, especially in that it means a true belief and a measure of value. Carlyle's discussion of heroism, genius, and sincerity began to be accepted in East Asia at the end of the 19th century. East Asian intellectuals of that time were generally equipped with Chinese literary skills. Therefore, the acceptance of Carlyle's was also translated through translingual practice through 漢文脈. In this process, sincerity was associated with the concept of 赤誠 or 至誠, which means supreme Chéng(誠). In Chapter 2, the context of Heroism in the 1900s and the characteristics of Yi Kwang - su 's genius concept are tracked. In 1880s, the discussion about heroes was widely accepted among Korean intellectuals through Liang Qi-chao since when beginning accepting Thomas Carlyle's "heroism" in Japan in the 1880s. Korean students in Japan also participated in these movements, and these movements were reflected in magazines such as "Tae-geuk-hak-bo"(『太極學報』), "Dae-han-heung-hak-bo"(『大韓興學報』) and "So-nyeon"(『少年』) published by them. The heroism discussed in these magazines urged the development and cultivation of individuals who constitute the community rather than the worship of specific characters. At this time, the individual was not an independent entity but constituents of the state, which achieves self-realization in the relation of the state. Yi Kwang-su began his literary activities in the context of the contemporary intellectuals that emphasized heroism and the individual in the community. However, he pointed out the 'genius' that was used as a hero 's predicament in Carlyle's heroism and began to use it as the core of his discussion. He took care differences of the talents in each person and individual loneliness of the ideal person. In his early literary activities, the belief in the mental qualities and the influence of the ideal person was maintained, but the ideal person he described was no longer a 'hero' who achieved great works. In Chapter 3, the discussion begins with how the influence of the genius combined with the novel genre. The ideal human presented at that time, whether a hero or a genius, was dealt with in the sense that he could inspire others to become heroes themselves. This premise led to the anxieties about the forms that show how characters were created in the works as well as characters in novels. Shin Chae-ho and other contemporaries noted that the influence of the novel based on the real, and they paid attention to Sa-sil-so-seol(寫實小說, novels describing real events). In this context, Jang Eung-jin and Hyun Sang-yoon published works titled Sa-sil-so-seol around 1910. Yi Kwang-su also followed this trend. But in the daily newspaper "Mae-il-sin-bo"(《每日新報》), he pursued reality in a way that matches real and fictional events rather than replicating the events. The protagonists of Yi Kwang - su 's novels were initially presented as heroes achieving great tasks at first, but later changed to genius with possibilities. The protagonists raise the issue of sincerity. In chapter 4, the changes in the 1920s' works are analyzed after the asylum due to the 2 · 8 Declaration of Independence. The protagonists of Yi Kwang-su's were the agents specialized in each field. However, in the 1920s Yi Kwang-su's novels, talents are excluded because they were regarded as causes of corruption. In 1920s Yi Kwang-su became more inclined to emphasize mental qualities. Antagonists succumbed to pleasures provided by his talents, while the protagonists refused pleasures by giving up using his talents, to secure the moral position. These changes were influenced by the discourse that regarded genius as a symbol of decadence, the rise of skepticism caused by the frustration of the 3·1 Independence Movement and the division of the Korean interim government. Although the concept of genius chaged, the firm belief about spiritualism derived from the generation of heroism stayed in his literature.
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