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  1. Does heat cause homicides?
    a meta-analysis
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    Several studies provide evidence that heat is positively associated with criminal activity. However, the empirical literature does not provide conclusive evidence about the effect of high temperature on homicides. I examine 156 estimates from 20... mehr

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    Several studies provide evidence that heat is positively associated with criminal activity. However, the empirical literature does not provide conclusive evidence about the effect of high temperature on homicides. I examine 156 estimates from 20 studies on the relationship between temperature and homicide rates. In particular, in this meta-analysis I study publication bias using linear and nonlinear techniques together with Bayesian model averaging to explain the heterogeneity in the estimates. After correcting estimates from the publication bias, I find no significant effect of temperature on homicide rates. Moreover, monthly data produce larger estimates. Conversely, studies using data from Asia or the OLS estimation method lead to smaller estimates.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/286335
    Schriftenreihe: IES working paper ; 2023, 6
    Schlagworte: environmental law and economics; economic analysis of crime; meta-analysis; Bayesian model averaging; publication bias
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Are estimates of the impact of shareholder activism published selectively?
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    Shareholder activism constitutes an increasingly prominent feature of corporate governance landscape. There is a controversy in prior research over whether and how much value activism creates. We examine whether estimates of the impact of shareholder... mehr

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    Shareholder activism constitutes an increasingly prominent feature of corporate governance landscape. There is a controversy in prior research over whether and how much value activism creates. We examine whether estimates of the impact of shareholder activism are published selectively in prior empirical research. We argue that economists may tend to view activism as a vital corporate governance tool to overcome agency problems and promote economic efficiency. Researchers and journal editors may thus be biased towards consider empirical results in support of the beneficial role of shareholder activism as more reliable than insignificant or opposite results. Consistent with this prediction we document a substantial bias towards publishing (i) higher (rather than lower) and (ii) statistically significant (rather than insignificant) estimates of the impact of shareholder activism. Due to that the pool of estimates in prior empirical literature is biased upwards. The value created by the various forms of shareholder activism corrected for these biases ranges from 0.38 to 3.23% with a median value of 1.94%.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/286330
    Schriftenreihe: IES working paper ; 2023, 1
    Schlagworte: cumulative abnormal return; shareholder activism; eventstudy; meta-analysis; model averaging; publication bias
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Unpacking p-hacking and publication bias
    Erschienen: August 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We use unique data from journal submissions to identify and unpack publication bias and p-hacking. We find that initial submissions display significant bunching, suggesting the distribution among published statistics cannot be fully attributed to a... mehr

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    We use unique data from journal submissions to identify and unpack publication bias and p-hacking. We find that initial submissions display significant bunching, suggesting the distribution among published statistics cannot be fully attributed to a publication bias in peer review. Desk-rejected manuscripts display greater heaping than those sent for review i.e. marginally significant results are more likely to be desk rejected. Reviewer recommendations, in contrast, are positively associated with statistical significance. Overall, the peer review process has little effect on the distribution of test statistics. Lastly, we track rejected papers and present evidence that the prevalence of publication biases is perhaps not as prominent as feared.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/279067
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16369
    Schlagworte: Wissenschaftliche Publikation; Peer-Review-Verfahren; Statistischer Test; Systematischer Fehler; Bibliometrie; publication bias; p-hacking; selective reporting
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 89 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Meta-analysis of social science research
    a practitioner's guide
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    This paper provides concise, nontechnical, step-by-step guidelines on how to conduct a modern meta-analysis, especially in social sciences. We treat publication bias, p-hacking, and heterogeneity as phenomena meta-analysts must always confront. To... mehr

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    This paper provides concise, nontechnical, step-by-step guidelines on how to conduct a modern meta-analysis, especially in social sciences. We treat publication bias, p-hacking, and heterogeneity as phenomena meta-analysts must always confront. To this end, we provide concrete methodological recommendations. Meta-analysis methods have advanced notably over the last few years. Yet many meta-analyses still rely on outdated approaches, some ignoring publication bias and systematic heterogeneity. While limitations persist, recently developed techniques allow robust inference even in the face of formidable problems in the underlying empirical literature. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the state of the art in a way accessible to aspiring meta-analysts in any field. We also discuss how meta-analysts can use advances in artificial intelligence to work more efficiently.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/286354
    Schriftenreihe: IES working paper ; 2023, 25
    Schlagworte: meta-analysis; publication bias; p-hacking; artificial intelligence; model uncertainty
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten)
  5. Publication bias and model uncertainty in measuring the effect of class size on achievement
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Institute of Economic Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Prague

    Class size reduction mandates are frequent and invariably justified by studies reporting positive effects on student achievement. Yet other studies report no effects, and the literature as a whole awaits correction for potential publication bias.... mehr

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    Class size reduction mandates are frequent and invariably justified by studies reporting positive effects on student achievement. Yet other studies report no effects, and the literature as a whole awaits correction for potential publication bias. Moreover, if identification drives results systematically, the relevance of individual studies will vary. We build a sample of 1,767 estimates collected from 62 studies and for each estimate codify 42 factors reflecting estimation context. We employ recently developed nonlinear techniques for publication bias correction and Bayesian model averaging techniques that address model uncertainty. The results suggest publication bias among studies featured in top five economics journals, but not elsewhere. The implied class size effect is zero for all identification approaches except Tennessee's Student/Teacher Achievement Ratio project. The effect remains zero for disadvantaged students and across subjects, school types, and countries.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/286348
    Schriftenreihe: IES working paper ; 2023, 19
    Schlagworte: Class size; student learning; meta-analysis; publication bias; Bayesian model averaging
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. How much is too much?
    a methodological investigation of the literature on alcohol consumption
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  [Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Economia e Management], [Pisa]

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Dipartimento di Economia e Management, Università di Pisa ; n. 297 (2023)
    Schlagworte: Alcohol; health; safe level; publication bias; statistical bias
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Do shareholder activism announcements affect stock prices?
    a meta-analysis
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Czech National Bank, Economic Research Division, Praha, Czech Republic

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Czech National Bank ; 2023, 17
    Schlagworte: Meta-analysis; model averaging; price response; publication bias; shareholderactivism; value created
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Monetary policy has a long-lasting impact on credit
    evidence from 91 VAR studies
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Czech National Bank, Economic Research Division, Praha, Czech Republic

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Czech National Bank ; 2023, 19
    Schlagworte: Bayesian model averaging; credit; interest rates; meta-analysis; monetarypolicy transmission; publication bias
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Does shareholder activism create value?
    a meta-analysis
    Erschienen: 20 June 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18233
    Schlagworte: Shareholder activism; price response; value created; meta-analysis; publication bias; model averaging
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. How much is too much?
    a methodological investigation of the literature on alcohol consumption
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  CEIS Tor Vergata, [Rom]

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: CEIS Tor Vergata research paper series ; vol. 21, issue 4 = no. 560 (July 2023)
    Schlagworte: Alcohol; Health; safe level; publication bias; statistical bias
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Publication bias and model uncertainty in measuring the effect of class size on achievement
    Erschienen: 24 May 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18159
    Schlagworte: Class size; student learning; meta-analysis; publication bias; Bayesian model averaging
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen