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  1. The role of tax-benefit systems in protecting household incomes in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Autor*in: Rodriguez, David; Jara, H. Xavier; Dondo, Mariana; Arancibia Romero, Cristina; Macas Romero, David; Riella, Rebeca; Urraburu, Joana; Llamas, Linda; Huesca Reynoso, Luis; Torres, Javier; Chang, Rodrigo
    Erschienen: November 2022
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    The COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected household incomes around the world. In developed economies, pre-pandemic tax-benefit policies and emergency transfers mitigated to a large extent the negative income shock. However, less is known about the... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 248
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    keine Fernleihe

     

    The COVID-19 pandemic drastically affected household incomes around the world. In developed economies, pre-pandemic tax-benefit policies and emergency transfers mitigated to a large extent the negative income shock. However, less is known about the effect of government intervention on household incomes in developing countries. The aim of this paper is to assess in a comparative way the role of tax-benefit policies in protecting household incomes during the pandemic in seven Latin American countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, and Uruguay. Departing from previous studies, we assess the effects both of expanded social assistance programmes and of automatic stabilizers (i.e. pre-pandemic taxes and benefits). We find an important cushioning effect of emergency policies at the bottom of the pre-pandemic income distribution, whereas automatic stabilizers are mostly present at the top of the distribution as a result of reduced social insurance and tax payments during the pandemic.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292672584
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/273922
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2022, 125
    Schlagworte: taxes; benefits; COVID-19; Latin America; automatic stabilizers
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Tax-benefit responses in Uruguay during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Autor*in: Amarante, Verónica; Scalese, Federico
    Erschienen: December 2022
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    We analyse the social protection policy response to COVID-19 and its impact on household incomes in Uruguay during 2020 and 2021, based on static microsimulation methods. From the onset of the crisis, the Uruguayan government implemented adjustments... mehr

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 248
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    We analyse the social protection policy response to COVID-19 and its impact on household incomes in Uruguay during 2020 and 2021, based on static microsimulation methods. From the onset of the crisis, the Uruguayan government implemented adjustments to existing social protection policies as well as a new transfer and an emergency tax. The configuration of precrisis social protection facilitated the setting-up of rapid support for the vulnerable and for formal workers. The responses adopted by the Uruguayan government were an increase in the amount of existing cash transfers, the introduction of a new cash transfer programme to reach informal workers, and simplification of the requirements for unemployment insurance benefit. On the tax side, a temporary income tax (COVID-19 Emergency Tax) for public workers (excluding health workers) and pensioners receiving an income above a certain threshold was implemented during two months in 2020 and two months in 2021. Our results indicate that the modifications in the social protection system introduced in the face of COVID-19 allowed a reduction in the incidence of poverty by 1.3 and 1.6 percentage points in 2020 and 2021,respectively. The effects were bigger among households with children: if no modifications had been undertaken in social protection as a response to COVID-19, poverty would have been 1.8 or 2.4 percentage points higher for these households in 2020 and 2021, respectively. The most important instruments were unemployment insurance in 2020 and the conditional cash transfer directed at households with children in 2021. Taken together, thesemodifications to the social protection system prevented the Gini Index from increasing by 0.6/0.7 additional percentage points.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292672942
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/273946
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2022, 161
    Schlagworte: COVID-19; taxes; benefits; poverty; inequality; Uruguay
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen