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  1. Wisdom and prosocial behavior
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    Prosocial behavior is crucial for tackling global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and conflict, yet people often prioritize personal benefits over the common good. A classic philosophical proposition is that prosocial behavior benefits... mehr

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    Prosocial behavior is crucial for tackling global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and conflict, yet people often prioritize personal benefits over the common good. A classic philosophical proposition is that prosocial behavior benefits from psychological wisdom — a concept characterized by cognitive and behavioral scientists by expression of intellectual humility, open-mindedness towards different ways in which events may unfold, as well as consideration and integration of diverse viewpoints. We investigate the relationship between these features of wisdom and prosocial behavior in an incentivized donation experiment, as well as self-reported real-world behaviors such as blood and charity donations across 13,500 households in nine European countries. Our findings reveal that greater expression of wisdom was systematically aligned with contributions to climate change mitigation, donating blood and money to charitable causes, compliance with rules and behaviors to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus, voting in parliamentary elections, volunteering and being a member of an environmental group. These results were robust across experimental conditions varying vantage point (self-focused or other-focused), when examining wisdom in reflections specific to climate donation decisions, or reflections on one’s personal life experiences, or when accounting for effect socioeconomic characteristics, personality, and values of prosocial behavior. Finally, the association was observed in each of the country samples, albeit with varying strengths Prosoziales Verhalten ist für die Bewältigung globaler Herausforderungen wie Klimawandel, Armut und Konflikte von entscheidender Bedeutung, jedoch stellen Menschen oftmals den persönlichen Nutzen über das Gemeinwohl. Laut einer klassischen philosophischen These wird prosoziales Verhalten erhöht durch Weisheit, einem Konzept, das von Verhaltenswissenschaftlerinnen und Verhaltenswissenschaftlern durch den Ausdruck intellektueller Bescheidenheit, Aufgeschlossenheit gegenüber verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, wie sich Ereignisse entfalten können, sowie durch die Berücksichtigung und Integration unterschiedlicher Standpunkte charakterisiert wird. Wir untersuchen die Beziehung zwischen der durch diese Facetten ausgedrückten Weisheit und prosozialem Verhalten in einem Spendenexperiment sowie in angegebenem realen Verhalten, bspw. Blut- und Geldspenden anhand von 13.500 Haushalten in neun europäischen Ländern. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine stärkere Ausprägung von Weisheit systematisch mit höheren Spenden zum Klimaschutz, Blut- und Geldspenden für wohltätige Zwecke, der Einhaltung von Regeln und Verhaltensweisen zur Eindämmung der Ausbreitung des COVID-19-Virus, der Teilnahme an Parlamentswahlen, Freiwilligenarbeit und der Mitgliedschaft in einer Umweltgruppe verbunden war. Diese Ergebnisse waren unter verschiedenen Versuchsbedingungen, über unterschiedliche Perspektiven (selbst- oder fremdorientiert), bei der Untersuchung der Weisheit im Kontext von Klimaspendenentscheidungen und im Kontext von persönlichen Lebenserfahrungen robust, sowie auch unter Berücksichtigung von sozioökonomischen oder persönlichkeitsbezogenen Merkmalen. Der Zusammenhang wurde darüber hinaus in jeder der Länderstichproben beobachtet, wenn auch in unterschiedlicher Stärke

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    ISBN: 9783969732236
    Schriftenreihe: Ruhr economic papers ; #1054
    Schlagworte: Wise reasoning; prosocial behavior; field experiment; survey; epistemic cognition
    Umfang: 47 Seiten
  2. Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik in der DaF-/DaZ-Ausbildung – Studierende auf ihrem Weg von der Theorie zur Praxis und zurück
    Autor*in: Wild, Kathrin
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, Darmstadt

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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Zeitschrift für Interkulturellen Fremdsprachenunterricht : ZIF, 25, (1), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt, ISSN 1205-6545
    Schlagworte: Fremdsprachenunterricht; Mehrsprachigkeit; Fremdsprachenlernen; Student; Lehrerbildung
    Weitere Schlagworte: DaF-/DaZ-Ausbildung; Mehrsprachigkeitsdidaktik; Curriculumsentwicklung; Befragung; training in GFL; multilingual didactics; curriculum development; survey
    Umfang: Online-Ressource
  3. Measuring inflation expectations
    how the response scale shapes density forecasts
    Erschienen: 05 Mai 2023
    Verlag:  Heidelberg University, Department of Economics, Heidelberg

    In density forecasts, respondents are asked to assign probabilities to a response scale with pre-specified ranges of inflation. In two large-scale experiments, one conducted in the US and one in Germany, we show how the specifics of the response... mehr

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    In density forecasts, respondents are asked to assign probabilities to a response scale with pre-specified ranges of inflation. In two large-scale experiments, one conducted in the US and one in Germany, we show how the specifics of the response scale determine the responses: Shifting, compressing, or expanding the scale leads to shifted, compressed, and expanded forecasts. Mean forecast, uncertainty, and disagreement vary by several percentage points. The findings have implications for survey design and for central banks' optimal adjustment of the response scales during times of high inflation.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: AWI discussion paper series ; no. 727 (April 2023)
    Schlagworte: Inflation; density forecast; experiment; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Inflation expectations in the wake of the war in Ukraine
    Erschienen: February 2023
    Verlag:  Charles University, Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education, Prague

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    ISBN: 9788073435523; 9788073446659
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / CERGE-EI ; 745
    Schlagworte: inflation expectations; Russian invasion of Ukraine; survey; natural experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. First impressions matter
    interview interactions and interviewers' subjective measures
    Erschienen: February 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This note uses a unique dataset for Germany which contains interviewer-rated physical appearance assessments of survey respondents both before and after the interview to address three questions. Firstly, after the first impression of an individual's... mehr

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    This note uses a unique dataset for Germany which contains interviewer-rated physical appearance assessments of survey respondents both before and after the interview to address three questions. Firstly, after the first impression of an individual's physical appearance, what characteristics make people appear more or less attractive to interviewers? We find that these differ widely by respondent gender. Second, how does this second impression vary by interviewer characteristics? We note differences by interview gender, education and age which has implications for the design of surveys which attempt to abstract "objective" measures of respondent characteristics from interviewers. Lastly, is the first impression of physical appearance most important in determining income or is there also a role for the second impression? Here we find that while it is the first impression which matters, the correlation between interviewer-rated attractiveness and income is higher if it is recorded by somebody of the same gender.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15949
    Schlagworte: survey; beauty; income
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. "Ten pound touts"
    post-conflict trust and the legacy of counterinsurgency in Northern Ireland
    Erschienen: January 2023
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    This paper explores the legacies of wartime rebel governance and counterinsurgency tactics. Insurgents rely on civilian support for resources, information, and cover. To defeat insurgents, the state attempts to extract information from communities... mehr

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    This paper explores the legacies of wartime rebel governance and counterinsurgency tactics. Insurgents rely on civilian support for resources, information, and cover. To defeat insurgents, the state attempts to extract information from communities where support for insurgents is highest. We argue that strong norms against civilian collaboration emerge in these areas, which may have long legacies for local community trust. To explore these legacies, we conduct a case study of post-conflict Northern Ireland. While both Republican and Loyalist paramilitary groups established wartime institutions, the counterinsurgency targeted Republican groups in urban areas with the use of informants. Drawing on secondary literature and a survey, we show that strong norms against informers-'touts'-persist long after the end of the conflict in Republican strongholds. These areas show lower levels of local community trust than their Loyalist counterparts. The Northern Irish case demonstrates the detrimental effects of dynamics likely to shape other post-conflict states.

     

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    ISBN: 9789292673260
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    hdl: 10419/283714
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2023, 18
    Schlagworte: trust; counterinsurgency; post-conflict; rebel governance; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Inflation expectations in the wake of the war in Ukraine
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Deutsche Bundesbank, Frankfurt am Main

    Russia's invasion of Ukraine is posing a range of new challenges to the global economy, including affecting the inflation expectations of individuals. In this paper, we aim to quantify the effect of the invasion on short- and long-term inflation... mehr

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    Russia's invasion of Ukraine is posing a range of new challenges to the global economy, including affecting the inflation expectations of individuals. In this paper, we aim to quantify the effect of the invasion on short- and long-term inflation expectations of individuals in Germany. We use microdata from the Bundesbank Online Panel - Households (BOP-HH), for the period from February 15th to March 29th, 2022. Treating the unanticipated start of the war in Ukraine on the 24 th of February 2022 as a natural experiment, we find that both short- and long-term inflation expectations increased as an immediate result of the invasion. Long-term inflation expectations increased by around 0.4 percentage points, while the impact on short-term inflation expectations was more than twice as large - around one percentage point. Looking into the possible mechanisms of this increase, we suggest that it can be partially attributed to individuals’ fears of soaring energy prices and increasing pessimism about economic trends in general. Our results indicate that large economic shocks can have a substantial impact on both short and long-term inflation expectations.

     

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    ISBN: 9783957299345
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    hdl: 10419/269864
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Deutsche Bundesbank ; no 2023, 03
    Schlagworte: inflation expectations; Russian invasion of Ukraine; survey; natural experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The economics of financial stress
    Erschienen: July 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We study the psychological costs of financial constraints and their economic consequences. Using a representative survey of U.S. households, we document the prevalence of financial stress in U.S. households and a strong relationship between financial... mehr

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    We study the psychological costs of financial constraints and their economic consequences. Using a representative survey of U.S. households, we document the prevalence of financial stress in U.S. households and a strong relationship between financial stress and measures of financial constraints. We incorporate financial stress into an otherwise standard dynamic model of consumption and labor supply. We emphasize two key results. First, a psychology-based theory of poverty traps requires two equally important components: financial stress itself and naivete about financial stress. Specifically, sophisticates save enough to escape high-stress states, because they understand that doing so alleviates the economic consequences of financial stress. On the other hand, naifs dis-save, fall into a poverty trap, and incur high welfare losses. Second, the financial stress channel can reverse the counterfactual negative wealth effect on labor supply because relieving stress frees up cognitive resources for productive work. Financial stress also has macroeconomic implications on wealth inequality and fiscal multipliers.

     

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    hdl: 10419/279016
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16318
    Schlagworte: household finance; survey; stress; behavioral economics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. A guide to conducting school experiments
    expert insights and best practices for effective implementation
    Erschienen: June 12, 2023
    Verlag:  University of Stavanger, Stavanger

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    Schriftenreihe: UiS working papers in economics and finance ; 2023, 02
    Schlagworte: school experiments; guide; internal validity; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Rationality and biases
    insights from disaggregated firm-level inflation expectations data
    Erschienen: 22 August 2023
    Verlag:  Economic Research and Statistics Department, South African Reserve Bank, Pretoria

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    Schriftenreihe: South African Reserve Bank working paper series ; WP, 23, 07
    Schlagworte: Inflation expectations; rational expectations; survey; disaggregated data; firms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Quantifying the impact of red tape on investment
    a survey data approach
    Erschienen: May 2023
    Verlag:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    An important strand of research in macro-finance investigates which factors impede enterprise investment, and quantifies their aggregate cost. In this paper, we make two contributions to this literature. The first contribution is methodological: we... mehr

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    An important strand of research in macro-finance investigates which factors impede enterprise investment, and quantifies their aggregate cost. In this paper, we make two contributions to this literature. The first contribution is methodological: we introduce a novel framework to calibrate macroeconomic models with firm-level distortions using enterprise survey micro-data. The core of our innovation is to explicitly model the firms' decisions to report the distortions they face in the survey. Our second contribution is to apply our method across seven countries to characterize the distribution of these distortions and estimate the GDP loss induced by distortionary red tape. Our estimates are based on a dynamic general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms whose capital investment decisions are distorted by red tape. We find that the aggregate cost of red tape varies widely across the countries in our dataset, with an average cost of of 0.8% of annual GDP. Our framework opens up a new range of applications for enterprise surveys in macro-financial modeling and policy analysis.

     

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    hdl: 10419/279196
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working papers ; 10447 (2023)
    Schlagworte: bureaucracy; growth; investment; legislation; misallocation; red tape; regulations; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Effects of red tape on business and economic development
    red tape survey
    Autor*in: Martes, Reggie
    Erschienen: May 2023
    Verlag:  Centrale Bank Curaçao en Sint Maarten, Willemstad, Curaçao

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / [Centrale Bank van Curaçao en Sint Maarten] ; WP 23, 03
    Schlagworte: Administrative requirements; regulatory compliance; bureaucracy; red tape; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. International attitudes toward global policies
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Berlin School of Economics, [Berlin]

    We document majority support for policies entailing global redistribution and climate mitigation. Recent surveys on 40,680 respondents in 20 countries covering 72% of global carbon emissions show strong support for an effective and progressive way to... mehr

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    We document majority support for policies entailing global redistribution and climate mitigation. Recent surveys on 40,680 respondents in 20 countries covering 72% of global carbon emissions show strong support for an effective and progressive way to combat climate change and poverty: a global carbon price funding a global basic income, called the "Global Climate Scheme" (GCS). Using complementary surveys on 8,000 respondents in the U.S., France, Germany, Spain, and the UK, we test several hypotheses that could reconcile strong stated support with a lack of salience in policy circles. A list experiment shows no evidence of social desirability bias, majorities are willing to sign a real-stake petition, and global redistribution ranks high in the prioritization of policies. Conjoint analyses reveal that a platform is more likely to be preferred if it contains the GCS or a global tax on millionaires. Universalistic attitudes are confirmed by an incentivized donation. In sum, our findings indicate that global policies are genuinely supported by a majority of the population. Public opinion is therefore not the reason that they do not prominently enter political debates.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Berlin School of Economics ; #22 (June 2023)
    Schlagworte: Climate change; global policies; cap-and-trade; attitudes; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 112 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Evaluierung der Lieferbeziehungen zwischen milcherzeugenden Betrieben und Molkereien
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  Johann Heinrich von Thünen-Institut, Bundesforschungsinstitut für Ländliche Räume, Wald und Fischerei, Braunschweig

    Dieses Working Paper wurde als Bericht für das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft erstellt, in dem es inhaltlich um die Darstellung des aktuellen Sachstandes und die Entwicklungstendenzen der Regelungen zu Preisen in den... mehr

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    Dieses Working Paper wurde als Bericht für das Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft erstellt, in dem es inhaltlich um die Darstellung des aktuellen Sachstandes und die Entwicklungstendenzen der Regelungen zu Preisen in den Lieferbeziehungen für milcherzeugende Betriebe und der ersten aufnehmenden Hand, d.h. den Molkereien, geht. Dabei sollen mögliche Stellschrauben aufgezeigt werden, die dazu beitragen könnten, die Preisfindung stärker im Interesse der Milcherzeugenden zu gestalten. Dabei wurde die Frage, wie vor diesem Hintergrund Regelbeispiele für eine EU-rechtskonforme Anwendung von Artikel 148 Absatz 4 GMO aussehen könnten, vorerst nicht adressiert. Das vorliegende Working Paper gliedert sich im Wesentlichen in drei Teile. Im ersten Teil wird die Ausgangslage in Form einer Einordnung der gegenwärtigen Situation der Lieferbeziehungen und möglicher Handlungserfordernisse aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht beschrieben. Der zweite Teil stellt die Methodik, das Konzept und die Ergebnisse der Durchführung von Interviews mit Expert*innen der Molkereiwirtschaft vor. In dem dritten Teil werden die Erkenntnisse aus der eher theoretischen Herangehensweise aus dem ersten mit den Ergebnissen der Interviews des zweiten Teils verknüpft und Schlussfolgerungen für mögliche Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet. Die Hintergrundinformationen und geführten Interviews geben einen ersten Überblick über die Lieferbeziehungen zwischen Milcherzeuger*innen und Molkereien in Deutschland. Weiterhin zeigen die Ergebnisse Unterschiede und Überschneidungen zwischen den Lieferbeziehungen privater sowie genossenschaftlicher Molkereien zu ihren Milcherzeuger*innen auf. Um die Ergebnisse für den gesamten Milchsektor besser einordnen sowie die einzelnen Meinungen, Ideen und Vorschläge in die Diskussion aufnehmen zu können, sollten weitere Interviews mit anderen Expert*innengruppen durchgeführt werden. Hierzu zählen Verbände, Vertreter*innen des deutschen Einzelhandels und Milcherzeuger*innen unterschiedlich großer Betriebe. This working paper was prepared as a report for the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture. The content of the paper is to present the current state of affairs and development trends of the regulations on prices in the supply relationships for milk-producing farms and the first receiving hand, i.e. the dairies. The aim is to identify possible levers that could help to shape pricing more in the interest of milk producers. The question of how, against this background, examples of rules for an application of Article 148 (4) of the CMO in conformity with EU law could look was not addressed for the time being. This working paper is essentially divided into three parts. The first part describes the initial situation in the form of a classification of the current situation of supplier relations and possible requirements for action from a scientific point of view. The second part presents the methodology, the concept and the results of the interviews with experts of the dairy industry. In the third part, the findings from the more theoretical approach of the first part are combined with the results of the interviews of the second part and conclusions for possible recommendations for action are derived. The background information and the interviews conducted provide an initial overview of the supply relationships between milk producers and dairies in Germany. Furthermore, the results show differences and overlaps between the supply relationships of private and cooperative dairies with their milk producers. In order to be able to better classify the results for the entire dairy sector and to include the individual opinions, ideas and suggestions in the discussion, further interviews should be conducted with other groups of experts. These include associations, representatives of the German retail trade and milk producers of different sizes.

     

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    hdl: 10419/274249
    Schriftenreihe: Thünen working paper ; 215
    Schlagworte: Milcherzeugung; Molkereien; Lieferbeziehung; Befragung; milk production; dairies; supply relationship; survey
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  15. Análisis descriptivo de la Encuesta de Expectativas de inflación de las firmas
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  [Banco Central del Uruguay], [Montevideo, Uruguay]

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    Schriftenreihe: Documento de trabajo / Banco Central del Uruguay ; no 2023, 002
    Schlagworte: Expectations; pricing; monetary policy; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Socioeconomic benefits of high-speed broadband availability and service adoption
    a survey
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  [EcoAustria - Institute for Economic Research], [Vienna, Austria]

    Ubiquitous high-speed fiber-based and mobile broadband availability is a key economic policy goal in the European Union and other developed countries. Policymakers seek to boost economic growth, productivity, and employment, especially in remote... mehr

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    Ubiquitous high-speed fiber-based and mobile broadband availability is a key economic policy goal in the European Union and other developed countries. Policymakers seek to boost economic growth, productivity, and employment, especially in remote areas, through ambitious broadband targets and substantial public funding. This paper reviews the existing (empirical) literature on high-speed broadband internet and its socioeconomic impact on key outcome variables. Our main findings are that (i) the socioeconomic benefits in terms of economic growth, productivity, house prices, and education, as well as economic resilience, are high but are also subject to diminishing returns beyond a certain broadband quality level, (ii) the effects on employment are more ambiguous, (iii) the positive socioeconomic effects take hold only after broadband adoption on the demand side, but not with mere availability on the supply side, and (iv) the effects of broadband differ significantly for urban vs. rural and high-skilled vs. low-skilled workers. Based on these findings, we develop recommendations for a cost-effective and efficient broadband policy and future funding regime.

     

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    hdl: 10419/279416
    Schriftenreihe: [Research paper / EcoAustria] ; [no. 24]
    Schlagworte: High-speed broadband; broadband availability; broadband adoption; fiber connections; mobile broadband; economic benefits; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten)
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    Erscheinungsort, Verlag, monografische Reihe und deren Zählung von der Frontdoor

  17. International attitudes toward global policies
    Erschienen: June 2023
    Verlag:  Centre international de recherche sur l'environnement et le développement, Nogent-sur-Marne

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    Schriftenreihe: CIRED working paper ; no 92 (2023)
    Schlagworte: Climate change; global policies; cap-and-trade; attitudes; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 112 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The effect of the "Woman Life Freedom" protests on life satisfaction in Iran
    evidence from survey data
    Erschienen: September 2023
    Verlag:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    This study examines the causal effect of the violent "Woman, Life, Freedom" protests in Iran during the last quarter of 2022 on individual life satisfaction. To evaluate the impact, we use two original representative surveys in Iran conducted in... mehr

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    This study examines the causal effect of the violent "Woman, Life, Freedom" protests in Iran during the last quarter of 2022 on individual life satisfaction. To evaluate the impact, we use two original representative surveys in Iran conducted in 2022. Our results, based on an ordered logit regression analysis for a sample of more than 2,000 individuals, show that the violent protest environment had a significant and negative effect on life satisfaction in Iran. To determine the exposure of the respondents to protests, we calculated the number of protests within a 25km radius of the respondents' locations. The protest environment reduced the probability of life satisfaction by 3.7 percentage points. Moreover, we find significant heterogeneity among the respondents with respect to their life satisfaction before and after protests. The largest negative impact of the protests on life satisfaction is observed among women, members of working class, and those with primary and tertiary education. These results are robust to other determinants of individual life satisfaction, such as marital status, employment, perception of corruption, feeling of security, religiosity, and other sociodemographic factors.

     

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    hdl: 10419/279394
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working papers ; 10643 (2023)
    Schlagworte: protest; violence. life satisfaction; well-being; Woman Life Freedom; survey; Iran
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. The micro-foundations of employment systems
    an empirical case study of Britain and France
    Erschienen: September 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Building on existing studies of national employment systems, we take a multi-dimensional approach to comparative employment relations where the national level remains meaningful but which emphasises within-country dynamics and heterogeneity.... mehr

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    Building on existing studies of national employment systems, we take a multi-dimensional approach to comparative employment relations where the national level remains meaningful but which emphasises within-country dynamics and heterogeneity. Analysing nationally representative workplace surveys for France and Great Britain we contrast the British model characterised by variability and heterogeneity with a French model characterised by stability and uniformity. We discuss ways in which these systems are shaped by differences in employer and employee networks, the financial and organisational links between firms, and other macro-institutions.

     

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    hdl: 10419/279122
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16424
    Schlagworte: employment relations; survey; national models; employment regimes
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. The Luxembourg household finance and consumption survey
    results from the fourth wave in 2021
    Erschienen: November 2023
    Verlag:  Banque centrale du Luxembourg, Luxembourg

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Banque centrale du Luxembourg ; no 176
    Schlagworte: Household; survey; wealth; income; assets; debts; COVID-19
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 134 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Wisdom and prosocial behavior
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    Prosocial behavior is crucial for tackling global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and conflict, yet people often prioritize personal benefits over the common good. A classic philosophical proposition is that prosocial behavior benefits... mehr

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    Prosocial behavior is crucial for tackling global challenges such as climate change, poverty, and conflict, yet people often prioritize personal benefits over the common good. A classic philosophical proposition is that prosocial behavior benefits from psychological wisdom — a concept characterized by cognitive and behavioral scientists by expression of intellectual humility, open-mindedness towards different ways in which events may unfold, as well as consideration and integration of diverse viewpoints. We investigate the relationship between these features of wisdom and prosocial behavior in an incentivized donation experiment, as well as self-reported real-world behaviors such as blood and charity donations across 13,500 households in nine European countries. Our findings reveal that greater expression of wisdom was systematically aligned with contributions to climate change mitigation, donating blood and money to charitable causes, compliance with rules and behaviors to contain the spread of the COVID-19 virus, voting in parliamentary elections, volunteering and being a member of an environmental group. These results were robust across experimental conditions varying vantage point (self-focused or other-focused), when examining wisdom in reflections specific to climate donation decisions, or reflections on one’s personal life experiences, or when accounting for effect socioeconomic characteristics, personality, and values of prosocial behavior. Finally, the association was observed in each of the country samples, albeit with varying strengths. Prosoziales Verhalten ist für die Bewältigung globaler Herausforderungen wie Klimawandel, Armut und Konflikte von entscheidender Bedeutung, jedoch stellen Menschen oftmals den persönlichen Nutzen über das Gemeinwohl. Laut einer klassischen philosophischen These wird prosoziales Verhalten erhöht durch Weisheit, einem Konzept, das von Verhaltenswissenschaftlerinnen und Verhaltenswissenschaftlern durch den Ausdruck intellektueller Bescheidenheit, Aufgeschlossenheit gegenüber verschiedenen Möglichkeiten, wie sich Ereignisse entfalten können, sowie durch die Berücksichtigung und Integration unterschiedlicher Standpunkte charakterisiert wird. Wir untersuchen die Beziehung zwischen der durch diese Facetten ausgedrückten Weisheit und prosozialem Verhalten in einem Spendenexperiment sowie in angegebenem realen Verhalten, bspw. Blut- und Geldspenden anhand von 13.500 Haushalten in neun europäischen Ländern. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass eine stärkere Ausprägung von Weisheit systematisch mit höheren Spenden zum Klimaschutz, Blut- und Geldspenden für wohltätige Zwecke, der Einhaltung von Regeln und Verhaltensweisen zur Eindämmung der Ausbreitung des COVID-19-Virus, der Teilnahme an Parlamentswahlen, Freiwilligenarbeit und der Mitgliedschaft in einer Umweltgruppe verbunden war. Diese Ergebnisse waren unter verschiedenen Versuchsbedingungen, über unterschiedliche Perspektiven (selbst- oder fremdorientiert), bei der Untersuchung der Weisheit im Kontext von Klimaspendenentscheidungen und im Kontext von persönlichen Lebenserfahrungen robust, sowie auch unter Berücksichtigung von sozioökonomischen oder persönlichkeitsbezogenen Merkmalen. Der Zusammenhang wurde darüber hinaus in jeder der Länderstichproben beobachtet, wenn auch in unterschiedlicher Stärke.

     

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    ISBN: 9783969732236
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    hdl: 10419/281195
    Schriftenreihe: Ruhr economic papers ; #1054
    Schlagworte: Wise reasoning; prosocial behavior; field experiment; survey; epistemic cognition
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The ifo Education Survey 2014-2021
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, [München]

    The ifo Education Survey is a representative opinion survey of the German voting-age population on education topics that has been conducted annually since 2014. It covers public preferences on a wide range of education policy issues ranging from... mehr

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    The ifo Education Survey is a representative opinion survey of the German voting-age population on education topics that has been conducted annually since 2014. It covers public preferences on a wide range of education policy issues ranging from early childhood education, schools, and apprenticeships to university education and life-long learning. The dataset comprises several survey experiments that facilitate investigating the causal effects of information provision, framing, and question design on answering behavior. This paper gives an overview of the survey content and methodology, describes the data, and explains how researchers can access the dataset of over 4000 participants per wave.

     

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    hdl: 10419/282075
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 383 (February 10, 2023)
    Schlagworte: education; policy; survey; experiment; public opinion; political economy; Germany
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 14 Seiten)
  23. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marriage and childbirth
    survey-based evidence from Iran
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Philipps-University Marburg, School of Business and Economics, Marburg

    With a representative survey of 1,214 participants conducted in early 2022, this study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marriage and childbirth in Iran. The results of the empirical investigation using logistic regressions suggest... mehr

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    With a representative survey of 1,214 participants conducted in early 2022, this study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on marriage and childbirth in Iran. The results of the empirical investigation using logistic regressions suggest that the experience of unemployment due to the pandemic is positively associated with marriage during the pandemic and the experience of losing a close relative or family member is negatively associated with marriage. In addition, concern about the persistence of the pandemic and vaccination status show negative associations with childbirth during the pandemic. We found heterogenous effects depending on gender, location, and social class; for example, the negative effects of the concern about a prolonged pandemic and vaccination status are driven by female respondents. Overall, the results have implications for the development of the fertility rate and population in post- pandemic Iran.

     

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    hdl: 10419/283432
    Schriftenreihe: Joint discussion paper series in economics ; no. 2023, 20
    Schlagworte: COVID-19; pandemic; disaster; Iran; survey; logistic regression; marriage; fertility; family planning; inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Polling during war
    challenges and lessons from Ukraine
    Erschienen: December 2023
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Collecting public opinion data is challenging in the shadow of war. And yet accurate public opinion is crucial. Political elites rely on it and often attempt to influence it. Therefore, it is incumbent on researchers to provide independent and... mehr

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    Collecting public opinion data is challenging in the shadow of war. And yet accurate public opinion is crucial. Political elites rely on it and often attempt to influence it. Therefore, it is incumbent on researchers to provide independent and reliable wartime polls. However, surveying in wartime presents a distinctive set of challenges. We outline two challenges facing polling in war: under-coverage and response bias. We highlight these challenges in the context of the Russia- Ukraine war, drawing on original panel survey data tracing the attitudes of the same people prior to and after Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022. We conclude with some lessons for those employing survey methods in wartime, and point to steps forward, in Ukraine and beyond.

     

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    ISBN: 9789292674526
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283840
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2023, 144
    Schlagworte: public opinion; war; survey; Russia-Ukraine war
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Attitudes, beliefs and reforms
    measurement and stylized facts
    Erschienen: November 2023
    Verlag:  European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, [London, United Kingdom]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / European Bank for Reconstruction and Development ; no. 283
    Schlagworte: policy preference; environment; inclusion; ref orm; survey
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen