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  1. Preferences and opportunities in the marriage market
    how comprehensive schooling made the wealthy marry down
    Autor*in: Holmlund, Helena
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  IFAU, Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy, Uppsala

    This paper documents that a shift from a selective to a comprehensive education system had implications for marriage market outcomes. By exploiting an education reform in Sweden, I show that comprehensive education reduced assortative mating both... mehr

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    This paper documents that a shift from a selective to a comprehensive education system had implications for marriage market outcomes. By exploiting an education reform in Sweden, I show that comprehensive education reduced assortative mating both because children from poor backgrounds started to marry up, and because those from wealthy backgrounds became more likely to find a spouse who had grown up in the bottom of the income distribution. The latter result is not explained by higher competition for wealthier partners, nor by increased partnership formation within the immediate peer group which offered more opportunities to meet partners from poorer backgrounds. Instead, the results point to the explanation that comprehensive education exposed the rich to a more diverse set of peers and therefore weakened their taste for homogamy. This finding suggests that familiarity among kids with different backgrounds may affect inter-group closeness and interactions in the long run.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265162
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy ; 2022, 11
    Schlagworte: assortative mating; homogamy; education reform; peer group
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Labour market projections and time allocation in Myanmar
    application of a new computable general equilibrium (CGE) model
    Autor*in: Jensen, Henning Tarp; Keogh-Brown, Marcus; Tarp, Finn
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Myanmar has, in recent years, strengthened its focus on human capital as a development pillar, and introduced legislation and adopted conventions on child labour. But child exploitation continues, including use of forced labour by the military and... mehr

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    Myanmar has, in recent years, strengthened its focus on human capital as a development pillar, and introduced legislation and adopted conventions on child labour. But child exploitation continues, including use of forced labour by the military and children performing hazardous work. Moreover, Myanmar faces a rapidly closing window of opportunity within which to train its workforce to meet the future challenges of declining population growth and an ageing society. To address the twin challenges of child exploitation and future labour market needs, we study a comprehensive stylized education reform package for child workers aged 10-14. We employ a newly developed dynamically recursive 2021-40 computable general equilibrium model for Myanmar to analyse the economic and household income distribution impacts of a combined child work elimination and education programme allowing current child workers to achieve the same distribution of educational attainment as wider society over a 15-year transition period. While child work elimination would be costly for disadvantaged rural households, the combined programme may leave them better off, though only after a long transition period. At the societal level, the opportunity costs of child work elimination outweigh the long-term economic benefits of education over our 20-year horizon. In spite of the lack of societal economic benefits, our proposed reforms do seem to be advantageous, dealing with the unethical and appalling continuation of child labour practices while improving income distribution in favour of disadvantaged rural households. This would allow Myanmar to move towards the goal of SDG8, 'Decent Work and (Inclusive) Economic Growth', while training current generations to support an ageing Myanmarese society.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789292671204
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/249486
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2021, 180
    Schlagworte: Myanmar; child labour; education reform; decent work; household income distribution
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. "It's our turn (not) to learn"
    the pitfalls of education reform during post-war institutional transformation
    Autor*in: Dunlop, Emily; Bekkouche, Yasmine; Verwimp, Philip
    Erschienen: February 2023
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    In this study, we investigate the relationship between education reform, institutional legacies of inequality, and changing political institutions in a poor, conflict-affected country. Burundi experienced a dramatic change in ethnic power relations... mehr

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    In this study, we investigate the relationship between education reform, institutional legacies of inequality, and changing political institutions in a poor, conflict-affected country. Burundi experienced a dramatic change in ethnic power relations after the 1993-2005 civil war. The post-war government prioritized education to previously marginalized regions and ethnic groups, both in access and in attainment. We leverage test score data from four nationwide exams in primary and secondary education from 2006 to 2018. Our difference-in-differences analysis shows a dramatic shift in test scores, with the schools in the north of the country, deprived before the civil war, outperforming schools in the south. Results are robust across datasets. We derive policy implications for understanding how post-conflict governments can build inclusive institutions through education after conflict, and how governments can overcome institutional legacies of educational inequality.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292673284
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/283716
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2023, 20
    Schlagworte: education reform; difference-in-differences; inclusive institutions; educational inequality; legacies of inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. The impact of the new senior high school program on the school participation of 16 and 17-year old learners in the Philippines
    Autor*in: Ducanes, Geoffrey M.; Ocampo, Dina Joana
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Ateneo de Manila University, Quezon City, Philippines

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Ateneo de Manila University, Department of Economics ; no. 2020, 12 (August 3, 2020)
    Schlagworte: education inequality; education reform; senior high school; gender in education
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Much ado about nothing?
    school curriculum reforms and students' educational trajectories
    Autor*in: Strazzeri, Maurizio; Oggenfuss, Chantal; Wolter, Stefan C.
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We estimate the impact of a large curriculum reform in Switzerland that substantially increased the share of foreign language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using administrative... mehr

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    We estimate the impact of a large curriculum reform in Switzerland that substantially increased the share of foreign language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using administrative student register data and exploiting the staggered implementation of the curriculum reform, we find that exposure to more foreign language classes during compulsory school has only minor effects on educational choices of the overall student population. However, we find substantial effect heterogeneity: while the reform has no effect on the direct educational progression of either low-track female or high-track students, it impedes low-track male students' transition to upper secondary education. The effect of foreign language classes on the educational trajectory of low-track male students is particularly pronounced for students who do not speak at home the school's language of instruction. Finally, we find that female students who start vocational training immediately after compulsory school are more likely to select into training occupations that require higher foreign language skills instead of natural science skills.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265726
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15505
    Schlagworte: policy evaluation; goodman-bacon decomposition; education reform; foreign language skills; compulsory school; educational choices; occupational choices
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Much ado about nothing?
    school curriculum reforms and students' educational trajectories
    Autor*in: Strazzeri, Maurizio; Oggenfuss, Chantal; Wolter, Stefan C.
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We estimate the impact of a large curriculum reform in Switzerland that substantially increased the share of foreign language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using administrative... mehr

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 63
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    keine Fernleihe

     

    We estimate the impact of a large curriculum reform in Switzerland that substantially increased the share of foreign language classes in compulsory school on students' subsequent educational choices in upper secondary school. Using administrative student register data and exploiting the staggered implementation of the curriculum reform, we find that exposure to more foreign language classes during compulsory school has only minor effects on educational choices of the overall student population. However, we find substantial effect heterogeneity: while the reform has no effect on the direct educational progression of either low-track female or high-track students, it impedes low-track male students' transition to upper secondary education. The effect of foreign language classes on the educational trajectory of low-track male students is particularly pronounced for students who do not speak at home the school's language of instruction. Finally, we find that female students who start vocational training immediately after compulsory school are more likely to select into training occupations that require higher foreign language skills instead of natural science skills.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265947
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9912 (2022)
    Schlagworte: policy evaluation; Goodman-Bacon decomposition; education reform; foreign language skills; compulsory school; educational choices; occupational choices
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Improvements in schooling opportunities and teen births
    Autor*in: Garcez, Lucas N.; Padilla-Romo, María; Peluffo, Cecilia; Pineda-Torres, Mayra
    Erschienen: February 2024
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We study the causal relationship between educational attainment and teenage birth rates by focusing on a large-scale, country-wide reform that made high school compulsory and removed previously existing school capacity constraints in Mexico. Relying... mehr

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    We study the causal relationship between educational attainment and teenage birth rates by focusing on a large-scale, country-wide reform that made high school compulsory and removed previously existing school capacity constraints in Mexico. Relying on administrative data on schools and births, we implement a difference-in-differences strategy that exploits variation across time and municipality-level exposure to the reform to explore the effects of expanding educational opportunities on teenage fertility. We find that teenage birth rates decreased by 2.8 percent after the education reform in municipalities with high increases in high school availability relative to municipalities with low increases. This decline is not driven by a decline in the time teenagers had to engage in risky behaviors (incapacitation effect) but a potential change in expectations for the future.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/295814
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16791
    Schlagworte: education reform; teenage birth rate; human capital
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen