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  1. Socially optimal crime and punishment
    Autor*in: Ferraz, Eduardo; Soares, Rodrigo Reis
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper develops a dynamic life-cycle equilibrium model of crime with hetero-geneous agents and human capital accumulation. Agents decide at each point in time whether to commit crimes by comparing potential gains from crime to the expected cost... mehr

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    This paper develops a dynamic life-cycle equilibrium model of crime with hetero-geneous agents and human capital accumulation. Agents decide at each point in time whether to commit crimes by comparing potential gains from crime to the expected cost of punishment (determined from the probability of apprehension, the utility cost of incarceration, and reduced future wages in the legal labor market). Public security policies are defined as pairs of a size of the police force and an average length of sentences. We propose an original micro-founded police production function linking the level of police expenditures to the probability of apprehension. The structural model, estimated using 2000s US data and causal parameters from the empirical literature, allows us to evaluate the global optimality of policies in a way that would not be possible with reduced form estimates or traditional partial equilibrium, static models of crime. Equilibrium effects can be particularly relevant when studying crime, given the interactions across individuals' decisions and policies. We also extend the model to include investments in schooling and explore the potential complementarities across public security and educational policies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252177
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15053
    Schlagworte: crime; welfare; police; sentence length; socially optimal policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Alcohol, violence and injury-induced mortality: evidence from a modern-day prohibition
    Autor*in: Barron, Kai; Parry, Charles D. H.; Bradshaw, Debbie; Dorrington, Rob; Groenewald, Pam; Laubscher, Ria; Matzopoulos, Richard
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung gGmbH, Berlin, Germany

    This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue... mehr

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    This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue that this estimate constitutes a lower bound on the true impact of alcohol on injury-induced mortality. We also document a sharp drop in violent crimes, indicating a tight link between alcohol and aggressive behavior in society. Our results underscore the severe harm that alcohol can cause and point towards a role for policy measures that target the heaviest drinkers in society.

     
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    hdl: 10419/251789
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Research Area: Markets and Choice, Research Unit: Economics of Change ; SP II 2022, 301 (February 2022)
    Schlagworte: Alcohol; mortality; economics; health; crime; South Africa; COVID-19; violence
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 86 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Registering returning citizens to vote
    Autor*in: Doleac, Jennifer L.; Eckhouse, Laurel; Foster-Moore, Eric; Harris, Allison; Walker, Hannah L.; White, Ariel
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Millions of people in the US are eligible to vote despite past criminal convictions, but their voter participation rates are extraordinarily low. In this study, we report the results of a series of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mail-based... mehr

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    Millions of people in the US are eligible to vote despite past criminal convictions, but their voter participation rates are extraordinarily low. In this study, we report the results of a series of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of mail-based interventions aimed at encouraging people with criminal records to register to vote in North Carolina. We use a novel approach to identify and contact this population, using a combination of administrative data and data from a commercial vendor. In our main experiment, conducted in the fall of 2020, we find that, on average, our mailers increased voter registration by 0.8 percentage points (12%), and voter turnout in the general election by 0.5 percentage points (11%). By contrast, our treatment has no effect on a comparison group of people without criminal records who live in the same neighborhoods. We find suggestive evidence that treatment effects vary across demographic groups and with the content of mailers. For instance, effects were smaller for Black recipients, and smaller when extra "civil rights framing"cwas added to the mailer text. Overall, we demonstrate that it is possible to identify, contact, and mobilize a marginalized group that is not effectively targeted by existing outreach efforts. Our results speak to how organizations can increase voter registration and turnout among people with criminal records, without necessarily changing laws to broaden eligibility.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252245
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15121
    Schlagworte: criminal justice reform; civic engagement; voting; crime
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. What's another day?
    the effects of wait time for substance abuse treatment on health-care utilization, employment and crime
    Autor*in: Williams, Jenny; Bretteville-Jensen, Anne Line
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This research provides the first evidence on the impacts of waiting times for treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD). Using rich linked administrative information from Norway, we study the impact of waiting time on health-care utilization,... mehr

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    This research provides the first evidence on the impacts of waiting times for treatment for a substance use disorder (SUD). Using rich linked administrative information from Norway, we study the impact of waiting time on health-care utilization, employment and crime for patients who enter outpatient treatment for cannabis use disorder. Confounding due to unobserved severity of illness is addressed using an instrumental variables strategy that exploits plausibly exogenous variation in congestion in Norway's health-care system. We find that waiting to access treatment increases the use of health-care services at both the extensive and intensive margins, measured by the duration of a treatment episode and the number of consultations within a treatment episode, respectively. Waiting time also has spill-over effects, reducing employment after entering treatment and increasing crime both before and after treatment begins. Together, these findings suggest that waiting times to access treatment for a SUD imposes significant costs on patients, health-care systems, and on society more broadly.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252207
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15083
    Schlagworte: waiting times; cannabis; substance use treatment; employment; crime
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Alcohol, violence and injury-induced mortality
    evidence from a modern-day prohibition
    Autor*in: Barron, Kai; Parry, Charles D.H.; Bradshaw, Debbie; Dorrington, Rob; Groenewald, Pam; Laubscher, Ria; Matzopoulos, Richard
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue... mehr

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    This paper evaluates the impact of a sudden and unexpected nation-wide alcohol sales ban in South Africa. We find that this policy causally reduced injury-induced mortality in the country by at least 14% during the five weeks of the ban. We argue that this estimate constitutes a lower bound on the true impact of alcohol on injury-induced mortality. We also document a sharp drop in violent crimes, indicating a tight link between alcohol and aggressive behaviour in society. Our results underscore the severe harm that alcohol can cause and point towards a role for policy measures that target the heaviest drinkers in society.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252112
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9595 (2022)
    Schlagworte: alcohol; mortality; economics; health; crime; South Africa; Covid-19; violence
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Discontinuities in the age-victimization profile and the determinants of victimization
    Autor*in: Bindler, Anna; Hjalmarsson, Randi; Ketel, Nadine; Mitrut, Andreea
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, [Göteborg]

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    hdl: 2077/70234
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: December 02, 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper in economics ; no. 817
    Schlagworte: victimization; crime; youth; youth protection laws; alcohol; inequality; RDD
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Less cash, less theft?
    evidence from fintech development in the People's Republic of China
    Autor*in: Jiang, Hongze; Liang, Pinghan
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    This research investigates the impact of Fintech development on an important type of crime: theft. Based on Becker's rational criminal theory, we suggest that Fintech development could mitigate theft activities by increasing the earnings from... mehr

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    This research investigates the impact of Fintech development on an important type of crime: theft. Based on Becker's rational criminal theory, we suggest that Fintech development could mitigate theft activities by increasing the earnings from legitimate work, relaxing potential criminals' financial constraints, and reducing the expected gains from theft. We established a unique dataset containing information on more than 1 million theft defendants during the period 2014-18, which we extracted from 874,000 judgment statements. Then, we aggregated them to construct a city-year panel of theft activities and matched it with the city-level economic activities and Fintech development level. The results show that a 1 standard deviation increase in the Fintech development level has a significant association with a 0.39 standard deviation decrease in thefts' density. Robustness checks and instrumental variable estimation support the main results. Further, the development of Fintech reduces thefts' density by reducing residents' cash holding and providing more job opportunities. Finally, we utilized a nationally representative household survey to estimate the cost of theft for households, finding that victims suffer from more mental health problems, increasing their health expenditure. Our results suggest an unexpected source of welfare gain from the development of Fintech: an improvement in public security.

     
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    hdl: 10419/249461
    Schriftenreihe: ADBI working paper series ; no. 1282 (August 2021)
    Schlagworte: fintech; theft; crime; People's Republic of China
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. The effect of 3.6 million refugees on crime
    Autor*in: Kirdar, Murat G.; López Cruz, Iván G.; Türküm, Betül
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Koç University - TÜSİAD Economic Research Forum, Sarıyer/Istanbul

    Most studies examining the impact of migrants on crime rates in hosting populations are in the context of economic migrants in developed countries. However, we know much less about the crime impact of refugees in low- and middle-income countries -... mehr

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    Most studies examining the impact of migrants on crime rates in hosting populations are in the context of economic migrants in developed countries. However, we know much less about the crime impact of refugees in low- and middle-income countries - whose numbers are increasing worldwide. This study examines this issue in the context of the largest refugee group in any country - Syrian refugees in Turkey. Although these refugees are much poorer than the local population, have limited access to formal employment, and face partial mobility restrictions, we find that total crime per person (including natives and refugees) falls due to the arrival of the refugees. This finding also applies to several types of crime; the only exception is smuggling, which increases due to the population influx. We also show that the fall in crime does not result from tighter security; we find no evidence of a change in the number of armed forces (military and civil personnel) in the migrant-hosting regions.

     
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    hdl: 10419/243016
    Schriftenreihe: Koç University - TÜSİAD Economic Research Forum working paper series ; no: 2113 (August 2021)
    Schlagworte: refugees; crime; security; immigration-crime nexus; civil war
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Crime under lockdown
    the impact of COVID-19 on citizen security in the city of Buenos Aires
    Autor*in: Perez-Vincent, Santiago M.; Schargrodsky, Ernesto; García Mejía, Mauricio
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  Inter-American Development Bank, Institutions for Development Sector, [Washington, DC]

    This paper studies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdown on criminal activity in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We find a large, significant, robust, and immediate decline in crime following quarantine restrictions. We... mehr

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    This paper studies the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent lockdown on criminal activity in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina. We find a large, significant, robust, and immediate decline in crime following quarantine restrictions. We observe the effect on property crime reported to official agencies, police arrests, and crime reported in victimization surveys, but not in homicides. The decrease in criminal activity was greater in business and transportation areas, but still large in commercial and residential areas (including informal settlements). After the sharp and immediate fall, crime recovered but, as of November 2020, it did not reach its initial levels. The arrest data additionally allow us to measure the distance from the detainees' address to the crime location. Crime became more local as mobility was restricted.

     
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    hdl: 10419/237508
    Schriftenreihe: IDB working paper series ; no IDB-WP-1245
    Schlagworte: citizen security; crime; Argentina; COVID-19; lockdown
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Sunset long shadows: time, crime, and perception of change
    Autor*in: Jelnov, Pavel
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    How long survives perception of change after evaporation of the actual change? I investigate the effect of daylight on crime and fear of crime. Forty years of reforms shifted the boundaries between Russian eleven time zones. I find that a permanent... mehr

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    How long survives perception of change after evaporation of the actual change? I investigate the effect of daylight on crime and fear of crime. Forty years of reforms shifted the boundaries between Russian eleven time zones. I find that a permanent switch to a later sunset leads to a two year long decrease in robbery and has no effect on homicide. The magnitude of the effect on robbery is similar to the previous estimates from other countries immediately after daylight saving time transitions. Even though the actual effect lasts two years, women report in a 10-year perspective increased feeling of safety even in darkness. However, men report increased feeling of safety only as long as the actual decrease in robbery persists.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250431
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14770
    Schlagworte: crime; daylight saving time; fear of crime; homicide; robbery; Russia; time zones
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Does being "left–behind" in childhood lead to criminality in adulthood?
    evidence from data on rural-urban migrants and prison inmates in China
    Autor*in: Cameron, Lisa; Meng, Xin; Zhang, Dandan
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Large scale rural-to-urban migration and China's household registration system have resulted in about 61 million children being left-behind in rural villages when their parents migrate to the cities. This paper uses survey and experimental data from... mehr

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    Large scale rural-to-urban migration and China's household registration system have resulted in about 61 million children being left-behind in rural villages when their parents migrate to the cities. This paper uses survey and experimental data from male rural-urban migrants - prison inmates and comparable non-inmates - to examine whether parental absence in childhood as a result of migration is associated with increased criminality in adulthood. Control functions and sibling fixed effects are used to identify causal impacts. Parental absence due to migration is found to increase the propensity of adult males to commit crimes. Being left-behind decreases educational attainment and increases risk-loving behavior, both of which increase criminality.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250435
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14774
    Schlagworte: migration; crime; China
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Illegal immigrants, crime, and sanctuary cities
    Autor*in: Miyagiwa, Kazuyuki; Wan, Yunyun
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University, Rokko, Kobe, Japan

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised August 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / [Graduate School of Economics, Kobe University] ; no. 20, 12 (July, 2020)
    Schlagworte: Illegal immigration; sanctuary city; frictional unemployment; crime; minimum wage
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Do shelters reduce domestic violence?
    Autor*in: Schechter, Lauren
    Erschienen: October 22, 2021
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, Colorado

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers in economics / Department of Economics, University of Colorado Boulder ; no. 21, 05
    Schlagworte: Domestic violence; crime; gender; housing
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Do police make too many arrests?
    the effect of enforcement pullbacks on crime
    Autor*in: Cho, Sungwoo; Gonçalves, Felipe; Weisburst, Emily
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Do reductions in arrests increase crime? We study line-of-duty deaths of police officers, events that likely impact police behavior through increased fear but are unlikely to directly impact civilian behavior. Officer deaths cause significant... mehr

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    Do reductions in arrests increase crime? We study line-of-duty deaths of police officers, events that likely impact police behavior through increased fear but are unlikely to directly impact civilian behavior. Officer deaths cause significant short-term reductions in all arrest types, with the largest reductions in arrests for lower-level offenses. In contrast, we find no evidence of an increase in crime or a change in victim reporting through 911 calls. There is also no apparent threshold of arrest decline beyond which crime increases. Our findings suggest that enforcement activity can be reduced at the margin without incurring public safety costs.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250568
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14907
    Schlagworte: policing; crime; deterrence; broken windows; Ferguson effect; community trust
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 87 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Discontinuities in the age-victimization profile and the determinants of victimization
    Autor*in: Bindler, Anna; Hjalmarsson, Randi; Ketel, Nadine; Mitrut, Andreea
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Many rights are conferred on Dutch youth at ages 16 and 18. Using national register data for all reported victimizations, we find sharp and discontinuous increases in victimization rates at these ages: about 13% for both genders at 16 and 9% (15%)... mehr

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    Many rights are conferred on Dutch youth at ages 16 and 18. Using national register data for all reported victimizations, we find sharp and discontinuous increases in victimization rates at these ages: about 13% for both genders at 16 and 9% (15%) for males (females) at 18. These results are comparable across subsamples (based on socio-economic and neighborhood characteristics) with different baseline victimization risks. We assess potential mechanisms using data on offense location, cross-cohort variation in the minimum legal drinking age driven by a 2014 reform, and survey data of alcohol/drug consumption and mobility behaviors. We conclude that the bundle of access to weak alcohol, bars/clubs and smoking increases victimization at 16 and that age 18 rights (hard alcohol, marijuana coffee shops) exacerbate this risk; vehicle access does not play an important role. Finally, we do not find systematic spillover effects onto individuals who have not yet received these rights.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250578
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14917
    Schlagworte: victimization; crime; youth; youth protection laws; alcohol; inequality; RDD
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Stay at home if you can
    COVID-19 stay-at-home guidelines and local crime
    Autor*in: Díaz, Carlos; Fossati, Sebastian; Trajtenberg, Nicolás
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  University of Alberta, Faculty of Arts, Department of Economics, [Edmonton, Alberta]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / University of Alberta, Faculty of Arts, Department of Economics ; no. 2021, 8
    Schlagworte: crime; rational choice; COVID-19; lockdown; crime opportunities
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Weather and crime
    cautious evidence from South Africa
    Autor*in: Brüderle, Mirjam Anna; Peters, Jörg; Roberts, Gareth
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    South Africa has one of the highest crime rates in the world. This paper examines the effect of weather shocks on various types of crime. Using a 12-year panel data set at monthly resolution on the police ward level, we observe a short-term effect of... mehr

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    South Africa has one of the highest crime rates in the world. This paper examines the effect of weather shocks on various types of crime. Using a 12-year panel data set at monthly resolution on the police ward level, we observe a short-term effect of temperatures on violent crime, supporting the heat-aggression link suggested by psychological research. Furthermore, we find evidence for a subtle medium-term effect of weather on crime via droughts and agricultural income, which is in line with the economic theory of crime. Yet, we also emphasize often neglected but well-documented limitations to the interpretability of weather data and weather-induced mechanisms. Recognizing these limitations, we conclude with a cautious interpretation of our findings to inform police deployment strategies.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    ISBN: 9783969731017
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/250077
    Schriftenreihe: Ruhr economic papers ; #940
    Schlagworte: South Africa; weather; crime; income shocks
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Extending alcohol retailers' opening hours
    evidence from Sweden
    Autor*in: Avdic, Daniel; Hinke Kessler Scholder, Stephanie von
    Erschienen: 18 June 2021
    Verlag:  School of Economics, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / [School of Economics, University of Bristol] ; 749 (21)
    Schlagworte: alcohol policy; alcohol availability; health effects; crime
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Discontinuities in the age-victimization profile and the determinants of victimization
    Autor*in: Bindler, Anna; Hjalmarsson, Randi; Ketel, Nadine; Mitrut, Andreea
    Erschienen: 03 December 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16770
    Schlagworte: victimization; crime; Youth; youth protection laws; Alcohol; Inequality; RDD
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten)
  20. Effects of business improvement districts on firm performance, place attractiveness, and urban safety
    Autor*in: Daunfeldt, Sven-Olov; Mihaescu, Oana; Rudholm, Niklas
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Institute of Retail Economics, [Stockholm]

    Business improvement districts (BIDs) have emerged as possible solutions for the revitalization of urban areas characterized by economic decline. Using a difference-in differences model, we investigate the effects of a voluntary Swedish BID programme... mehr

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    Business improvement districts (BIDs) have emerged as possible solutions for the revitalization of urban areas characterized by economic decline. Using a difference-in differences model, we investigate the effects of a voluntary Swedish BID programme in five cities on firm performance, urban safety, and place attractiveness - both within and outside the BID. We find that the BID programme increased labour productivity for incumbent firms within the BID by 7.62%, mainly through an increase in revenues. However, the positive effect of the BID programme on firm performance is largely transitory, decreasing sharply during the third year and then becoming insignificant. We find no statistically significant impacts on firm performance outside the geographical boundaries of the BIDs. The results also suggest that fewer crimes were committed in the BIDs, as the estimates for all years are negative, though they are significant only for the fourth year after BID implementation. Finally, we detect no statistically significant effects of the BID programme on property values either within or outside the designated BIDs.

     
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    hdl: 10419/246778
    Schriftenreihe: HFI working paper ; no 24
    Schlagworte: Business improvement district; public–private partnerships; firm performance; labour productivity; property values; crime; difference-in-differences
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  21. Risky moms, risky kids?
    fertility and crime after the fall of the wall
    Autor*in: Chevalier, Arnaud; Marie, Olivier
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Following the collapse of the Berlin Wall, the birth rate halved in East Germany. Despite their small sizes, the cohorts conceived during this period of socio-economic turmoil were, as they grew up in reunified Germany, markedly more likely to be... mehr

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    Following the collapse of the Berlin Wall, the birth rate halved in East Germany. Despite their small sizes, the cohorts conceived during this period of socio-economic turmoil were, as they grew up in reunified Germany, markedly more likely to be arrested than cohorts conceived a few years earlier. This is consistent with negative parental selection during the period of turmoil. We highlight risk attitude as an important selection mechanism, beyond education and other observable characteristics, which explains: (i) why some women did not alter their fertility decisions during these uncertain economic times, (ii) that this risk preference was passed on to their children and (iii) that risk preference is correlated with criminal participation. Maternal selection along risk preference might thus be an important mechanism explaining the greater criminal activity of the children conceived after the fall of the Wall.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260813
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9683 (2022)
    Schlagworte: fertility; crime; parental selection; economic uncertainty; risk attitude
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  22. Does social capital matter?
    a study of hit-and-run in US counties
    Autor*in: Castriota, Stefano; Rondinella, Sandro; Tonin, Mirco
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the relationship between social capital and the decision to flee after a fatal road accident. This event is unplanned, and the decision is taken under great emotional distress and time pressure, thus providing a test of whether social... mehr

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    We investigate the relationship between social capital and the decision to flee after a fatal road accident. This event is unplanned, and the decision is taken under great emotional distress and time pressure, thus providing a test of whether social capital matters for behaviour in extreme conditions. We merge data from the universe of fatality accidents involving pedestrians in the US over the period 2000–2018 with a unique dataset on social capital measures at the county level. Using within-state-year variation, our results show that one standard deviation increase in social capital is associated with a reduction in the probability of hit-and-run of around 10.5%. The causal interpretation of this evidence is supported by a number of falsification tests based on differences in social capital endowment between the county where the accident occurs and the county where the driver resides, as well as by the IV approach proposed by Lewbel (2012). Our findings show the importance of social capital in a new context, suggesting a broad impact on pro-social behaviour and adding to the positive returns of promoting civic norms.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263428
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15212
    Schlagworte: social capital; crime; hit-and-run; road accidents
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  23. When criminality begets crime
    the role of elected politicians in India
    Autor*in: Prakash, Nishith; Sahoo, Soham; Saraswat, Deepak; Sindhi, Reetika
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper estimates the causal impact of electing criminally accused politicians and their nature of criminality on crime in India. We exploit the quasi-random variation in the outcome of close elections between candidates with and without criminal... mehr

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    This paper estimates the causal impact of electing criminally accused politicians and their nature of criminality on crime in India. We exploit the quasi-random variation in the outcome of close elections between candidates with and without criminal accusations to instrument the share of constituencies in the district won by criminally accused leaders. We find that a standard deviation increase in the share of criminally accused leaders in institutionally weaker states leads to a 4.3 percent increase in crime in districts, including crimes against women. The effect is more pronounced when the leaders are accused of serious crimes, indicating that seriously accused leaders have a detrimental impact on society.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263475
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15259
    Schlagworte: crime; criminal accusations; elected leaders; close elections; India
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  24. The case of the speculative detective: Aesthetic truths and the television ‘crime board’
    Autor*in: Coley, Rob
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg ; Amsterdam University Press, Amsterdam

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    ISSN: 2213-0217
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    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Coley, Rob (2017): The case of the speculative detective: Aesthetic truths and the television ‘crime board’. In: NECSUS. European Journal of Media Studies 6 (1), 77–104. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/3379.
    Weitere Schlagworte: Ästhetik; Verbechen; Fernsehen; Wahrheit; aesthetics; crime; detection; speculation; television drama; true
    Umfang: Online-Ressource
  25. Rêves Sur Les Nuages
    Roman policier-fantastique
    Autor*in: Amayed, Khawla
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Éditions Muse, Saarbrücken

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    Sprache: Französisch
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    ISBN: 9786202299602; 6202299606
    Weitere Identifier:
    9786202299602
    Auflage/Ausgabe: 1. Auflage
    Weitere Schlagworte: (Produktform)Electronic book text; crime; meurtre; psychopate; rêves étranges; cauchemars; toutes victimes d'un destin violent; (BISAC region code)3.1.7.0.0.0.0; (VLB-WN)1562: Allgemeine und Vergleichende Literaturwissenschaft
    Umfang: Online-Ressource, 100 Seiten
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