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"Motivation, the driving force of our behavior, is relevant to all aspects of human life and the question how motivation can be enhanced is likewise ubiquitous. As a consequence, motivation is a prominent topic in the psychological, educational, neuroscience, and economic literature and has been subject to both extensive theoretical consideration and empirical research. Yet, motivation and its neural mechanisms are not yet fully understood, and the demand for new tools to enhance motivation in education, health, and work settings remains high. This volume provides an up-to-date overview over theoretical and experimental work on motivation, discusses recent findings about the neurobiological mechanisms underlying motivation and goal-directed behavior, and presents novel approaches targeting motivation in clinical and nonclinical application settings. It contains a mix of review articles and new original research studies, and crosses the boundaries of and connects findings from a range of scientific disciplines, including psychology, economics, behavioral and cognitive neurosciences, and education"--Preface Section 1: Theories of motivation. Common and distinctive approaches to motivation in different disciplines / T. Strombach, S. Strang, S.Q. Park, P. Kenning -- A benefit–cost framework of motivation for a specific activity / B. Studer, S. Knecht -- Control feedback as the motivational force behind habitual behavior / O. Nafcha, E.T. Higgins, B. Eitam -- Section 2: Assessing motivation. Quantifying motivation with effort-based decision-making paradigms in health and disease / T.T.-J. Chong, V. Bonnelle, M. Husain -- Section 3: The neurobiology of motivation. Brain correlates of the intrinsic subjective cost of effort in sedentary volunteers / J. Bernacer, I. Martinez-Valbuena, M. Martinez, N. Pujol, E. Luis, D. Ramirez-Castillo, M.A. Pastor -- To work or not to work: Neural representation of cost and benefit of instrumental action / N.B. Kroemer, C. Burrasch, L. Hellrung -- Involvement of opioid signaling in food preference and motivation: Studies in laboratory animals / I. Morales, L. Font, P.J. Currie, R. Pastor -- Exploring individual differences in task switching: Persistence and other personality traits related to anterior cingulate cortex function / A. Umemoto, C.B. Holroyd -- Competition, testosterone, and adult neurobehavioral plasticity / A.B. Losecaat Vermeer, I. Riečanský, C. Eisenegger -- Fatigue with up- vs downregulated brain arousal should not be confused / U. Hegerl, C. Ulke -- Section 4: Targeting motivation: novel approaches to enhancing motivation, activity and learning in health and disease. Intrinsic motivation, curiosity, and learning: Theory and applications in educational technologies / P.-Y. Oudeyer, J. Gottlieb, M. Lopes -- Applied economics: The use of monetary incentives to modulate behavior / S. Strang, S.Q. Park, T. Strombach, P. Kenning -- Rewarding feedback promotes motor skill consolidation via striatal activity / M. Widmer, N. Ziegler, J. Held, A. Luft, K. Lutz -- How motivation and reward learning modulate selective attention / A. Bourgeois, L. Chelazzi, P. Vuilleumier -- Motivation and attention following hemispheric stroke / E. Olgiati, C. Russell, D. Soto, P. Malhotra -- Increasing self-directed training in neurorehabilitation patients through competition / B. Studer, H. Van Dijk, R. Handermann, S. Knecht -- The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology and treatment of apathy / T.T.-J. Chong, M. Husain -- Changing health behavior motivation from I-must to I-want / S. Knecht, P. Kenning -- Section 5: Conclusions. Motivation: What have we learned and what is still missing? / B. Studer, S. Knecht
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