"By the mid eighteenth century, the word "crouton" was regularly used to describe poor, unworthy artworks by young, aspiring painters, with the damning label of "crouton" evolving into a nineteenth-century character named Monsieur Crouton, who...
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"By the mid eighteenth century, the word "crouton" was regularly used to describe poor, unworthy artworks by young, aspiring painters, with the damning label of "crouton" evolving into a nineteenth-century character named Monsieur Crouton, who appeared on stage and in printed graphic satire as the epitome of artistic mediocrity. A shop sign painter, this particular permutation of the "starving artist" drew upon the vibrant afterlife of Antoine Watteau’s famous shop sign for Edmé-François Gersaint. This chapter begins with Watteau’s shop sign and its role in his posthumous biographies as well as William Hogarth’s response to the image. Through a social history of the status of the artist, the trope of the artist as shop sign painter is explored in Restoration and July Monarchy popular theatre and satirical imagery, and through the works of Hippolyte Bellangé, Nicolas-Toussaint Charlet, and Honoré Daumier."
