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  1. Can economic pressure overcome social norms?
    the case of female labor force participation
    Autor*in: Cardoso, Ana Rute; Morin, Louis-Philippe
    Erschienen: September 2018
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the potential channels that drive female labor force participation to rise in response to unbalanced sex ratios, in the presence of strong social norms against female employment. One such channel is women's desired labor supply,... mehr

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 4 (11822)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    We investigate the potential channels that drive female labor force participation to rise in response to unbalanced sex ratios, in the presence of strong social norms against female employment. One such channel is women's desired labor supply, operating through the marriage market, and the other is employers' demand for female labor. If faced with a reduction in male workforce, do employers turn to women to fill in the gap? Do women enter traditionally male occupations and industries, so that segregation decreases? Does the gender pay gap decline? We exploit exogenous variation in sex ratios across cohorts and regions, by using instruments based on casualties from the Portuguese Colonial War and massive emigration in the 1960s combined with its historical regional patterns. We find that as the sex ratio declined, female participation increased, women entered traditionally male-dominated occupations and industries, and the gender pay gap declined. These findings are consistent with a demand shock. Our estimated impact of sex ratios on marriage market points to a muted supply channel. We complement the quantitative analysis with an archival case. Our findings help to explain an apparent puzzle, a decades-long high female participation in Portugal, as opposed to the other Southern European countries.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/185282
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 11822
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 78 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Can economic pressure overcome social norms?
    the case of female labor force participation
    Autor*in: Cardoso, Ana Rute; Morin, Louis-Philippe
    Erschienen: September 2018
    Verlag:  GSE, Graduate School of Economics, Barcelona

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Barcelona GSE working paper series ; no 1051
    Schlagworte: Labor demand; labor force participation; gender segregation; pay gap
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten), Illustrationen