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  1. Monetary policy announcements, information schocks, and exchange rate dynamics
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Research platform Empirical and Experimental Economics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

    We study nominal exchange rate dynamics in the aftermath of U.S. monetary policy announcements. Using high-frequency interest rate and stock price movements around FOMC announcements, we distinguish between pure monetary policy shocks and information... mehr

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    We study nominal exchange rate dynamics in the aftermath of U.S. monetary policy announcements. Using high-frequency interest rate and stock price movements around FOMC announcements, we distinguish between pure monetary policy shocks and information shocks, which are associated with new information contained in the announcements. Contractionary pure policy shocks give rise to a strong, but transitory, appreciation on impact. Information shocks also appreciate the exchange rate, but the effect builds up only slowly over time and is highly persistent. Thus, we conclude that although the short-run effects on the exchange rate are primarily due to pure policy shocks, the medium-run response is driven by information effects.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/240444
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics and statistics ; 2021, 16
    Schlagworte: central bank information; high-frequency identification; proxy VAR; exchange rate dynamics
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Qualitative versus quantitative external information for proxy vector autoregressive analysis
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin

    A major challenge for proxy vector autoregressive analysis is the construction of a suitable external instrument variable or proxy for identifying a shock of interest. Some authors construct sophisticated proxies that account for the dating and size... mehr

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    A major challenge for proxy vector autoregressive analysis is the construction of a suitable external instrument variable or proxy for identifying a shock of interest. Some authors construct sophisticated proxies that account for the dating and size of the shock while other authors consider simpler versions that use only the dating and signs of particular shocks. It is shown that such qualitative (sign-)proxies can lead to impulse response estimates of the impact effects of the shock of interest that are nearly as efficient as or even more efficient than estimators based on more sophisticated quantitative proxies that also reflect the size of the shock. Moreover, the sign-proxies tend to provide more precise impulse response estimates than an approach based merely on the higher volatility of the shocks of interest on event dates.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/233051
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; 1940
    Schlagworte: GMM; heteroskedastic VAR; instrumental variable estimation; proxy VAR; structural vector autoregression
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Identification of SVAR models by combining sign restrictions with external instruments
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  Bank of England, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Staff working paper / Bank of England ; no. 961
    Schlagworte: KStructural vector autoregressive model; sign restrictions; external instruments; proxy VAR
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Heteroskedastic proxy vector autoregressions
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Verein für Socialpolitik, [Köln]

    In proxy vector autoregressive models, the structural shocks of interest are identified by an instrument. Although heteroskedasticity is occasionally allowed for in inference, it is typically taken for granted that the impact effects of the... mehr

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    In proxy vector autoregressive models, the structural shocks of interest are identified by an instrument. Although heteroskedasticity is occasionally allowed for in inference, it is typically taken for granted that the impact effects of the structural shocks are time-invariant despite the change in their variances. We develop a test for this implicit assumption and present evidence that the assumption of time-invariant impact effects may be violated in previously used empirical models.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/242399
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: December 15, 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Jahrestagung 2021 / Verein für Socialpolitik ; 51
    Schlagworte: Structural vector autoregression; proxy VAR; identification throughheteroskedasticity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Heteroskedastic proxy vector autoregressions
    testing for time-varying impulse responses in the presence of multiple proxies
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin

    We propose a test for time-varying impulse responses in heteroskedastic structural vector autoregressions that can be used when the shocks are identified by external proxy variables as a group. The test can be used even if the shocks are not... mehr

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    We propose a test for time-varying impulse responses in heteroskedastic structural vector autoregressions that can be used when the shocks are identified by external proxy variables as a group. The test can be used even if the shocks are not identified individually. The asymptotic analysis is supported by small sample simulations which show good properties of the test. An investigation of the impact of productivity shocks in a small macroeconomic model for the U.S. illustrates the importance of the issue for empirical work.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259562
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: May 2, 2022
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; 2005
    Schlagworte: Structural vector autoregression; proxy VAR; heteroskedasticity; productivity shocks
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Have the effects of shocks to oil price expectations changed?
    evidence from heteroskedastic proxy vector autoregressions
    Erschienen: 2023
    Verlag:  DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, Berlin

    Studies of the crude oil market based on structural vector autoregressive (VAR) models typically assume a time-invariant model and transmission of shocks or they consider a time-varying model and shock transmission. We assume a heteroskedastic... mehr

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    Studies of the crude oil market based on structural vector autoregressive (VAR) models typically assume a time-invariant model and transmission of shocks or they consider a time-varying model and shock transmission. We assume a heteroskedastic reduced-form VAR model with time-invariant slope coefficients and test for time-varying impulse responses in a model for the global crude oil market that includes key macroeconomic variables. We find evidence for changes in the transmission of shocks to oil price expectations during the last decades which can be attributed to heteroskedasticity.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/273334
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: April 21, 20231
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers / Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung ; 2036
    Schlagworte: Structural vector autoregression; heteroskedastic VAR; proxy VAR; crude oil market
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Labor market adjustments to population decline
    a historical macroeconomic perspective, 1875-2019
    Erschienen: 15 March 2024
    Verlag:  Institute for Employment Research of the Federal Employment Agency, Nürnberg, Germany

    Advanced economies will face population decline in the years and decades to come, particularly among those of working age. Yet, there is little empirical evidence of corresponding labor market implications. Tackling this shortcoming from a historical... mehr

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    Advanced economies will face population decline in the years and decades to come, particularly among those of working age. Yet, there is little empirical evidence of corresponding labor market implications. Tackling this shortcoming from a historical macroeconomic point of view, we compile a new dataset for sixteen advanced economies, covering demographic and labor market variables on an annual basis from 1875 to 2019. Based on a dynamic, nonlinear econometric model, we identify structural population shocks by using lagged births as external instruments for working-age population inflows and outflows, and trace the economic effects conditionally on the demographic regime. Our results suggest regime-specific differences: First, population decline quickly passes through to the labor market, translating into swifter disinvestment and decline in employment, but the effects of population growth take time. Second, in times of population decline, labor force participation increases as a response to reduced labor supply. Likewise, initially swift disinvestment tendencies decelerate. Consequently, we find only incomplete capital adjustment. Third, despite a declining labor supply, we find neither a decrease in unemployment nor any significant changes in wages as indicators of shortage. Finally, while population decline tends to depress total factor productivity, as also suggested by the literature, our results indicate that negative effects for economic growth are mitigated by increases in participation and the capital-labor ratio. In den kommenden Jahren und Jahrzehnten werden Industrienationen mit Bevölkerungsrückgängen, insbesondere im erwerbsfähigen Alter, konfrontiert sein. Dennoch gibt es bisher wenig empirische Evidenz zu entsprechenden Arbeitsmarktimplikationen. Wir adressieren diese Forschungslücke aus einer historischen, makroökonomischen Perspektive und stellen einen neuen Datensatz für sechzehn Industrienationen zusammen, der demografische und ökonomische Variablen von 1875 bis 2019 auf jährlicher Basis enthält. Auf Grundlage der Ergebnisse eines dynamischen, nichtlinearen ökonometrischen Modells und unter Zuhilfenahme verzögerter Geburten als externe Instrumente identifizieren wir strukturelle Bevölkerungsschocks und analysieren die ökonomischen Effekte von Bevölkerungsänderungen in Abhängigkeit des vorherrschenden demografischen Regimes. Unsere Ergebnisse deuten regimespezifische Unterschiede hin: Erstens, Bevölkerungsrückgang wirkt sich im Vergleich zu Bevölkerungswachstum rascher auf den Arbeitsmarkt aus, was sich insbesondere in Rückgängen von Investitionen und Beschäftigung widerspiegelt. Zweitens, in Zeiten von Bevölkerungsrückgang beobachten wir aber in der Folge und als Reaktion auf das sinkende Arbeitsangebot eine steigende Erwerbsbeteiligung sowie sich abschwächende Rückgänge von Investitionen. Drittens, trotz des sinkenden Arbeitsangebots finden wir weder einen Rückgang der Arbeitslosigkeit noch einen Anstieg von Löhnen. Während sich Bevölkerungsrückgang tendenziell negativ auf die Produktivität auswirkt, wie auch in der Literatur argumentiert wird, deuten unsere Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass daraus resultierende negative Effekte auf das Wirtschaftswachstum durch eine erhöhte Erwerbsbeteiligung und Kapitalintensität abgefangen werden.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/294151
    Schriftenreihe: IAB-discussion paper ; 2024, 5
    Schlagworte: Population decline; labor market adjustments; historical dataset; smooth transition regression; proxy VAR
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten), Illustrationen