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  1. Distance-based social index numbers
    a unifying approach
    Autor*in: Bossert, Walter; D'Ambrosio, Conchita; Weber, Shlomo
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, [Verona]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality ; 550 (2020)
    Schlagworte: Group-dependent deprivation; inequality; polarization; diversity; fractionalization; social index numbers
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten)
  2. Investing in influence
    how minority interests can prevail in a democracy
    Autor*in: Skaperdas, Stergios; Vaidya, Samarth
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    How can the West's economic and political polarization be explained? We argue that persuasive lobbying at various levels of government leads to systematic deviations of policies from those desired by the majority. Implemented policies diverge from... mehr

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    How can the West's economic and political polarization be explained? We argue that persuasive lobbying at various levels of government leads to systematic deviations of policies from those desired by the majority. Implemented policies diverge from the majority position despite centripetal forces that induce interest groups to select positions closer to that majority position. Resources, organization, and cognitive biases can induce one-sided outcomes. When we allow for long-term lobbying infrastructure investments in a simpli_ed tax-and-spend model, the deviations between majority desires and implemented policies are even larger than those in the absence of long-term investments.

     
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    hdl: 10419/248912
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9367 (2021)
    Schlagworte: interest groups; lobbying; polarization; persuasion; regulatory capture
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten)
  3. The changing nature of work and inequality in Brazil (2003-19)
    a descriptive analysis
    Autor*in: Firpo, Sergio; Portella, Alysson; Riva, Flavio; Úbida, Giovanna
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    In this paper we use different sources of data on job task content to investigate the importance of occupations and the intensity of routine tasks embodied in them in explaining changes in employment and earnings in Brazil, in particular their... mehr

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    In this paper we use different sources of data on job task content to investigate the importance of occupations and the intensity of routine tasks embodied in them in explaining changes in employment and earnings in Brazil, in particular their relation with earnings and polarization, and inequality. We show some evidence of polarization in earnings but not with respect to employment, although the patterns resemble more that of pro-poor or pro-rich growth. Changes in the earnings structure explain most of the reduction in inequality in the period between 2003 and 2012, while changes in composition dominate the rise in inequality in the period between 2012 and 2019. Both movements are dominated by changes in educational levels and their returns. The impact of changes in routine task content on inequality varies between both periods but is in general small.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292671020
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/248376
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2021, 162
    Schlagworte: Brazil; inequality; polarization; task content; occupations
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Populists in power
    Autor*in: Dörr, Luisa; Potrafke, Niklas; Rösel, Felix
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We examine how populist governments influence political culture and economic outcomes. Some Austrian communities are governed by far-right populist mayors, directly elected by a majority of voters. We exploit close elections and find that the... mehr

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    We examine how populist governments influence political culture and economic outcomes. Some Austrian communities are governed by far-right populist mayors, directly elected by a majority of voters. We exploit close elections and find that the electorate becomes more polarized under populist mayors. However, polarization is not limited to politics. A major innovation of our study is using data on team members of local football teams. Our results show that diversity in local football teams decreases when populists are in power, indicating that populists infiltrate the civic society. When it comes to economic outcomes, migration and budget transparency decrease under populist governments.

     
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    hdl: 10419/245517
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9336 (2021)
    Schlagworte: populism; far-right politics; partisan politics; polarization; immigration; economic policy; local government; budget transparency
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Electoral competition with fake news
    Autor*in: Grossman, Gene M.; Helpman, Elhanan
    Erschienen: October 2020
    Verlag:  Benjamin H. Griswold III, Class of 1933, Center for Economic Policy Studies, Department of Economics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Griswold Center for Economic Policy Studies ; no. 269
    Schlagworte: policy formation; probabilistic voting; misinformation; polarization; fake news
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The Determinants of productivity distribution across European regions
    Autor*in: Fiaschi, Davide; Lavezzi, Andrea Mario; Parenti, Angela
    Erschienen: June 25, 2010
    Verlag:  European Regional Science Association, [Louvain-la-Neuve]

    This paper proposes a methodology which combines elements of parametric regression analysis with the nonparametric distribution dynamics approach in order to analyse the role of some variables in the convergence of productivity across European... mehr

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    This paper proposes a methodology which combines elements of parametric regression analysis with the nonparametric distribution dynamics approach in order to analyse the role of some variables in the convergence of productivity across European regions over the period 1980-2002. We find that the initial productivity crucially accounts in the convergence process across European regions. Differently, employment growth seems not to play a role, while the Structural and Cohesion Funds seem to play a positive role, even though such effect seems to be very low and statistically significant only at the low bound of the range of initial productivity. The structural change of regional economies plays a positive role, but such effect is statistically significant only for the least productive regions. The output composition of a region in 1980 affects the convergence process of productivity growth in several ways. In particular, the share of non market services on output acts like a source of convergence from 1980 to 2002 but in the long-run it plays a negligible role. Finally, the share of finance acts like a force of divergence across European regions, especially for the least productive regions.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/118866
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Preliminary version
    Schriftenreihe: Sustainable regional growth and development in the creative knowledge economy : 50th ERSA Congress : 19 - 23 August 2010, Jönköping, Sweden / European Regional Science Association
    Schlagworte: European regional policy; structural change; convergence; European regions; outputcomposition; distribution dynamics; polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Routine-biased technological change does not always lead to polarisation
    evidence from 10 OECD Countries, 1995-2013
    Autor*in: Haslberger, Matthias
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), asbl, Luxembourg

    This article deals with a central paradox in the occupational polarisation literature: most scholars accept that technological change is biased against routine-intensive occupations, but in many countries, we do not see the pattern of occupational... mehr

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    This article deals with a central paradox in the occupational polarisation literature: most scholars accept that technological change is biased against routine-intensive occupations, but in many countries, we do not see the pattern of occupational polarisation that the theory usually predicts. I argue and show empirically using a dataset of 10 OECD countries between 1995 and 2013 that technological change is both routine-biased and skill-biased, but that the result of routine-biased technological change may be occupational upgrading rather than polarisation. This is due to differences in occupational routine-wage hierarchies: only where routine occupations cluster around the middle of the wage distribution are we likely to see polarisation. Where routine occupations are concentrated near the bottom of the wage hierarchy, upgrading occupational change is the norm. Based on research on the US, the former has been widely assumed, but it does not hold true in all countries. Overall, this article shows that much previous work on routine-biased technological change and polarisation was built on premises that do not travel well. This underscores the importance of comparative research for building and testing robust general theories.

     
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    hdl: 10419/247248
    Schriftenreihe: LIS working paper series ; no. 814
    Schlagworte: technological change; employment change; polarization; occupational upgrading; routine-bias; occupational wage
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Egypt's subverted transition
    state institutions against the Muslim Brotherhood
    Autor*in: Darwisheh, Housam
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Institute of Developing Economies (IDE), JETRO, Chiba, Japan

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 2344/00051973
    Schriftenreihe: IDE discussion paper ; no. 811
    Schlagworte: Egypt; Muslim Brotherhood; state institutions; polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa Anzahl Seiten)
  9. Matching workers' skills and firms' technologies: from bundling to unbundling
    Autor*in: Choné, Philippe; Kramarz, Francis
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Center for Research in Economics and Statistics, Palaiseau, France

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Center for Research in Economics and Statistics ; no. 2021, 10 (July 2021)
    Schlagworte: bundling; multidimensional skills; matching; sorting; heterogeneous firms; polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 80 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Harms of AI
    Autor*in: Acemoglu, Daron
    Erschienen: 07 September 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16524
    Schlagworte: AI; automation; communication; competition; data; democracy; inequality; infor-mation; monitoring; polarization; politics; power; social media
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten)
  11. Worlds apart
    what polarisation measures reveal about Sub-Saharan Africa's growth and welfare distribution in the last two decades
    Autor*in: Clementi, Fabio; Fabiani, Michele; Molini, Vasco; Zizzamia, Rocco
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  ACEIR, SALDRU, School of Economics, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / African Centre of Excellence for Inequality Research (ACEIR) ; no. 1 (April 2019)
    Schlagworte: Sub-Saharan Africa; consumption distribution; polarization; relative distribution; decomposition analysis
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Legislature integration and bipartisanship
    a natural experiment in Iceland
    Autor*in: Lowe, Matt; Jo, Donghee
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Nearly all legislatures segregate politicians by party. We use seating lotteries in the Icelandic Parliament to estimate the effects of seating integration on bipartisanship. When two politicians from different parties are randomly assigned to sit... mehr

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    Nearly all legislatures segregate politicians by party. We use seating lotteries in the Icelandic Parliament to estimate the effects of seating integration on bipartisanship. When two politicians from different parties are randomly assigned to sit together, they are roughly 1 percentage point more likely to vote alike. Despite this effect, other-party neighbors do not affect general bipartisan voting, as measured by the likelihood that a politician deviates from their party leader's vote. Furthermore, the pair-level similarity effect is temporary, disappearing the following year. The pattern of results support cue-taking and social pressure as mechanisms for the effects of proximity.

     
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    hdl: 10419/248997
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9452 (2021)
    Schlagworte: polarization; integration; intergroup contact; voting
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 64 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Cross-country trends in affective polarization
    Autor*in: Boxell, Levi; Gentzkow, Matthew Aaron; Shapiro, Jesse M.
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  SIEPR, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, Stanford, CA

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / SIEPR, Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research ; no. 20, 004 (January, 2020)
    Schlagworte: Politische Einstellung; Politische Partei; OECD-Staaten; polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Changes in occupations and their task content
    implications for employment and inequality in Argentina, 2003-19
    Autor*in: Maurizio, Roxana; Monsalvo, Ana Paula
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    The aim of this paper is to identify the scope and patterns of the structural transformation as evidenced by changes in occupations and their task content, and their impact on employment, earnings and income distribution in Argentina during the new... mehr

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    The aim of this paper is to identify the scope and patterns of the structural transformation as evidenced by changes in occupations and their task content, and their impact on employment, earnings and income distribution in Argentina during the new millennium. Results show that the changes in jobs did not follow the same pattern as those in earnings. In particular, earnings grew but employment shares fell in low-paying occupations. The macroeconomic conditions, production structure, and labour market institutions seem to shape the impact of technology on job demand and on earnings distribution. Overall, the findings point at the need for a broader perspective with a view to achieving a better understanding of the extent to which these factors may have affected the adoption of technology and the composition of employment in a country characterized by high economic instability and dramatic changes in their productive structure.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292569495
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    hdl: 10419/229416
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2021, 15
    Schlagworte: skills; tasks; polarization; inequality; Argentina
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Secession and social polarization
    evidence from Catalonia
    Autor*in: Balcells, Laia; Fernández Albertos, José; Kuo, Alexander
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Does secessionism lead to social polarization? Despite much research on independence movements, their relationship to polarization, a key mechanism theorized as increasing the chances of violent conflict, remains less understood. We argue that... mehr

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    Does secessionism lead to social polarization? Despite much research on independence movements, their relationship to polarization, a key mechanism theorized as increasing the chances of violent conflict, remains less understood. We argue that secessionist conflicts can polarize along both policy and ethnic group lines even when they take the form of non-violent disputes. However, polarization does not necessarily lead to violence. We explore the case of Catalonia, a region that experienced a deep secessionist crisis in the last months of 2017, using novel data from a panel survey fielded across two key time periods and embedded experiments. We find a society with great levels of affective polarization in that pro- and anti-independence advocates have strong negative views of one another. In addition, there is spillover in terms of the assessment of associated language groups. However, there is a group of moderates in between the two policy poles that limit the extent of this polarization. Contrary to common wisdom, these moderates have very stable preferences. Our results contribute to the understanding of the underexplored polarization dynamics of secessionist movements, particularly in places where high-intensity violence (i.e. terrorism, civil war) has not yet occurred.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292569365
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    hdl: 10419/229403
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2021, 2
    Schlagworte: Catalonia; conflict; independence movements; polarization; secessionism
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Income distribution and the fear of crime
    evidence from Germany
    Autor*in: Acampora, Michelle; D'Ambrosio, Conchita; Grabka, Markus M.
    Erschienen: February 2020
    Verlag:  ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality, [Verona]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality ; 523 (2020)
    Schlagworte: Concerns about crime; deprivation; inequality; polarization; SOEP
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten)
  17. The status quo and belief polarization of inattentive agents
    theory and experiment
    Autor*in: Novák, Vladimír; Matveenko, Andrei; Ravaioli, Silvio
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  IGIER, Università Bocconi, Milano, Italy

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: February, 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / IGIER ; n. 674
    Schlagworte: polarization; beliefs updating; rational inattention; status quo; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Opinion dynamics with conflicting interests
    Autor*in: Mellacher, Patrick
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Graz Schumpeter Centre, [Graz]

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    Schriftenreihe: GSC discussion paper series ; paper no. 28
    Schlagworte: opinion dynamics; agent-based model; inequality; polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Social media, polarization and democracy: a multi-methods analysis of polarized users' interactions on Reddit's r/WallStreetBets
    Autor*in: Massoc, Elsa Clara; Lubda, Maximilian
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  DFG Center for Advanced Studies on the Foundations of Law and Finance, House of Finance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    In times of increased political polarization, the continuing existence of a deliberative arena where people with antagonistic views may engage with each other in non-violent ways is critical for democracy to live on. Social media are usually not... mehr

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    In times of increased political polarization, the continuing existence of a deliberative arena where people with antagonistic views may engage with each other in non-violent ways is critical for democracy to live on. Social media are usually not conceived as such arenas. On the contrary, there has been widespread worry about their role in increasing polarization and political violence. This paper suggests a more positive impact of social media on democracy. Our analysis focuses on the subreddit "r/WallStreetBets" (r/WSB) - a finance-related forum that came under the spotlight when its users coordinated a financial attack on hedge funds during the Gamestop saga in early 2021. Based on an original method attributing partisanship scores to users, we present a network analysis of interactions between users at the opposite sides of the political spectrum on r/WSB. We then develop a content analysis of politically relevant threads in which polarized users participate. Our analyses show that r/WSB provides a rare space where users with antagonistic political leanings engage with each other, debate, and even cooperate.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/249309
    Schriftenreihe: LawFin working paper ; no. 28
    Schlagworte: democracy; investment forum; polarization; social media
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Social media, polarization and democracy
    a multi-methods analysis of polarized users' interactions on Reddit's r/WallStreetBets
    Autor*in: Massoc, Elsa; Lubda, Maximilian
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE, Sustainable Architecture for Finance in Europe, [Frankfurt am Main]

    In times of increased political polarization, the continuing existence of a deliberative arena where people with antagonistic views may engage with each other in non-violent ways is critical for democracy to live on. Social media are usually not... mehr

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    In times of increased political polarization, the continuing existence of a deliberative arena where people with antagonistic views may engage with each other in non-violent ways is critical for democracy to live on. Social media are usually not conceived as such arenas. On the contrary, there has been widespread worry about their role in increasing polarization and political violence. This paper suggests a more positive impact of social media on democracy. Our analysis focuses on the subreddit "r/WallStreetBets" (r/WSB) - a finance-related forum that came under the spotlight when its users coordinated a financial attack on hedge funds during the Gamestop saga in early 2021. Based on an original method attributing partisanship scores to users, we present a network analysis of interactions between users at the opposite sides of the political spectrum on r/WSB. We then develop a content analysis of politically relevant threads in which polarized users participate. Our analyses show that r/WSB provides a rare space where users with antagonistic political leanings engage with each other, debate, and even cooperate.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    hdl: 10419/249180
    Schriftenreihe: SAFE working paper ; no. 337 (January 2022)
    Schlagworte: social media; polarization; democracy; investment forum; social media; polarization; democracy; investment forum
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 22 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Does political polarization affect economic expectations?
    evidence from three decades of cabinet shifts in Europe
    Autor*in: Guirola, Luis
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Banco de España, Madrid

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    Schriftenreihe: Documentos de trabajo / Banco de España, Eurosistema ; no. 2133
    Schlagworte: expectations; polarization; political partisanship; motivated beliefs
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The politicized pandemic: ideological polarization and the behavioral response to COVID-19
    Autor*in: Grimalda, Gianluca; Murtin, Fabrice; Pipke, David; Putterman, Louis G.; Sutter, Matthias
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality... mehr

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    We investigate the relationship between political attitudes and prosociality in a survey of a representative sample of the U.S. population during the first summer of the COVID-19 pandemic. We find that an experimental measure of prosociality correlates positively with adherence to protective behaviors. Liberal political ideology predicts higher levels of protective behavior than conservative ideology, independently of the differences in prosociality across the two groups. Differences between liberals and conservatives are up to 4.4 times smaller in their behavior than in judging the government's crisis management. This result suggests that U.S. Americans are more polarized on ideological than behavioral grounds.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250693
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15032
    Schlagworte: polarization; ideology; trust in politicians; COVID-19; prosociality; health behavior; worries
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Can leaders persuade?
    examining movement in immigration beliefs
    Autor*in: Afrouzi, Hassan; Arteaga, Carolina; Weisburst, Emily
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Can political leaders change constituents' beliefs? If so, is it rhetoric, identity, or the interaction of the two that matters? We construct a large-scale experiment where participants are exposed to anti-immigrant and pro-immigrant speeches from... mehr

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    Can political leaders change constituents' beliefs? If so, is it rhetoric, identity, or the interaction of the two that matters? We construct a large-scale experiment where participants are exposed to anti-immigrant and pro-immigrant speeches from both Presidents Obama and Trump. We benchmark these treatments to versions recorded by an actor to control for speech messages. Our findings show that both leader messages and sources matter. Holding messages fixed, leaders persuade when participants hear unanticipated messages from sources perceived as reliable, consistent with a Bayesian framework. This evidence supports the hypothesis that individuals will "follow their leader" to new policy positions.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252110
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9593 (2022)
    Schlagworte: leaders; political beliefs; partisan identity; polarization; immigration
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 83 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. On the design of public debate in social networks
    Autor*in: Grabisch, Michel; Mandel, Antoine; Rusinowska, Agnieszka
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne, Paris

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    Schriftenreihe: Documents de travail du Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne ; 2022, 01
    Schlagworte: opinion dynamics; network formation; network fragility; polarization; institution design; political campaign
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten)
  25. Robots versus labor skills
    a complementarity/substitutability analysis
    Autor*in: Battisti, Michele; Del Gatto, Massimo; Gravina, Antonio Francesco; Parmeter, Christopher F.
    Erschienen: ottobre 2021
    Verlag:  Arkadia, Cagliari

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9788868513665
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Prima edizione
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / CRENoS ; 2021, 04
    Schlagworte: Automation; robotization; elasticity of substitution; technology; polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen