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  1. Gender inequality and caste
    field experimental evidence from India
    Autor*in: Islam, Asad; Pakrashi, Debayan; Sahoo, Soubhagya; Wang, Liang Choon; Zenou, Yves
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Monash University, Monash Business School, Department of Economics, [Clayton]

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Monash University, Department of Economics ; no. 2021, 07
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination; statistical discrimination; caste discrimination; intersectionality; affirmative action
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Gender inequality and caste: field experimental evidence from India
    Autor*in: Islam, Asad; Pakrashi, Debayan; Sahoo, Soubhagya; Wang, Liang Choon; Zenou, Yves
    Erschienen: September 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Using a field experiment in India where patients are randomly assigned to rank among a set of physicians of the same gender but with different castes and years of experience, we show that the differences in patients' physician choices are consistent... mehr

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    Using a field experiment in India where patients are randomly assigned to rank among a set of physicians of the same gender but with different castes and years of experience, we show that the differences in patients' physician choices are consistent with gender-based statistical discrimination. Labor market experience cannot easily overcome the discrimination that female doctors suffer. Further, we find that gender discrimination is greater for lower caste doctors, who typically suffer from caste discrimination. Given the increasing share of professionals from a lower caste background, our results suggest that the 'intersectionality' between gender and caste leads to increased gender inequality among professionals in India.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14713
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination; statistical discrimination; caste discrimination; intersectionality; affirmative action
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Gender discrimination
    Autor*in: Shen, Kailing
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This chapter provides a bird's eye view of the literature on gender discrimination. The presentation of studies is grouped into five parts. Part 1 presents evidence of gender discrimination measured via various dimensions in various countries and... mehr

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    This chapter provides a bird's eye view of the literature on gender discrimination. The presentation of studies is grouped into five parts. Part 1 presents evidence of gender discrimination measured via various dimensions in various countries and contexts. Part 2 discusses in detail the gender wage gap - one of the most important measures of gender discrimination - as well as gender segregation and its origins. Part 3 discusses the close relationship between female empowerment and violence, and the experience of women of color. Part 4 covers gender behavioral differences. Part 5 presents studies on the experience of women trying to break the glass ceiling, as well as the differential effects of education on boys and girls.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250558
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14897
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination; gender wage gap; female empowerment; domestic violence; gender behavioural differences
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten)
  4. Religion and tradition in conflict
    experimentally testing the power of social norms to invalidate religious law
    Autor*in: Engel, Christoph; Heine, Klaus; Naseer, Shaheen
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn

    Often, religion, law and tradition co-evolve. Religious precepts shape social practice, which translates into law. Yet this harmony is not universal. The Sharia guarantees daughters their share in the family estate. Yet in Pakistan, this rule clashes... mehr

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    Often, religion, law and tradition co-evolve. Religious precepts shape social practice, which translates into law. Yet this harmony is not universal. The Sharia guarantees daughters their share in the family estate. Yet in Pakistan, this rule clashes with tradition. While the country was jointly governed with (mainly Hindu) India, it had been customary that the entire estate goes to the eldest son. Combining a survey with a lab in the field experiment, we show that this is still the descriptive and the injunctive norm. Yet participants have a strong preference for the conflict to be dissolved by legislative intervention.

     
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    hdl: 21.11116/0000-0008-9A79-3
    hdl: 10419/245976
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods ; 2021, 13
    Schlagworte: religious norm; legal rule; descriptive and injunctive social norm; inheritance; gender discrimination; Sharia; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Gender equality and inclusive growth
    Autor*in: Fernández, Raquel; Isakova, Asel; Luna, Francesco; Rambousek, Barbara
    Erschienen: March 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes gender equality. Despite recent progress, gender gaps remain across all stages of life, including before birth, and negatively impact health, education, and economic outcomes for women. The roadmap to gender equality has to rely on legal framework reforms, policies to promote equal access, and efforts to tackle entrenched social norms. These need to be set in the context of arising new trends such as digitalization, climate change, as well as shocks such as pandemics

     
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    ISBN: 9781513571164
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    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 59
    Schlagworte: gender gap; inequality; wage gap; wage segregation; gender discrimination; activelabor market policies; gender budgeting; GGGI: Global Gender Gap Index; inclusive growth
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Regional favoritism and human capital accumulation in Africa
    Autor*in: Asatryan, Zareh; Baskaran, Thushyanthan; Hufschmidt, Patrick; Stöcker, Alexander
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    We study the long-run implications of regional and ethnic favoritism in Africa. Combining geocoded individual-level survey data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) with data on national leaders’ birthplaces across 41 African countries, we... mehr

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    We study the long-run implications of regional and ethnic favoritism in Africa. Combining geocoded individual-level survey data from the Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) with data on national leaders’ birthplaces across 41 African countries, we explore the educational attainment of adults who were exposed to favoritism at various points during their life. We find that generic male respondents exposed to regional favoritism during their adolescence have higher educational attainment later in life. This higher human capital accumulated by men leads to more stable employment. For generic women, we observe no beneficial effects of regional favoritism. However, those women who belong to the same ethnic group as their national leader witness an increase in their educational attainment. These results indicate that regular inhabitants rather than only a narrow elite benefit from regional favoritism.

     
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    hdl: 10419/232944
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 21, 030 (03/2021)
    Schlagworte: Favoritism; human capital; gender discrimination; democracy; spatiality; Africa
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (20, [7] Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Overcoming gender discrimination in business
    reconsidering mentoring in the Post #Me-Too and Covid-19 eras
    Autor*in: Schipani, Cindy A.; Dworkin, Terry Morehead; Abney, Devin
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Michigan Ross, [Ann Arbor, MI]

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    hdl: 2027.42/163517
    Schriftenreihe: Ross School of Business working paper ; no. 1400 (November 2020)
    Schlagworte: women in leadership; gender discrimination; sexual harrassment; employment law; mentoring; leadership
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten)
  8. Material barriers, cultural boundaries
    a mixed-methods analysis of gender and labour market segmentation in Bangladesh
    Autor*in: Kabeer, Naila; Huq, Lopita; Rahaman, Muhammad Mahabub
    Erschienen: April 2021
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Data on female labour force participation in Bangladesh suggest that, despite the increase in female-intensive employment opportunities through microfinance, export garment manufacturing, and community-based services, the majority of working women... mehr

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    Data on female labour force participation in Bangladesh suggest that, despite the increase in female-intensive employment opportunities through microfinance, export garment manufacturing, and community-based services, the majority of working women are concentrated in home-based activities. There have been various attempts to explain this, with some focusing on economic explanations which stress women's education and skills, domestic responsibilities, and household wealth while others draw attention to cultural norms and practices organized around the male breadwinner ideology and purdah norms which require women to remain within the home. This paper combines data from a purposively designed survey of women from different districts of Bangladesh with in-depth interviews with a sample of these women to explore these different explanations. It finds that while women's capital endowments spell out the employment possibilities available to women, these intersect with cultural restrictions on women's behaviour, imposed as much by those around them as by their own values and beliefs. The result is the highly stratified market for female labour that we observe in the data.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2021, 69
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination; labour market segmentation; mixed methods; cultural norms; South Asia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten)
  9. Import competition and gender differences in labor reallocation
    Autor*in: Mansour, Hani; Medina, Pamela; Velásquez, Andrea
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We study gender differences in the labor market reallocation of Peruvian workers in response to trade liberalization. The empirical strategy relies on variation in import competition across local labor markets based on their industrial composition... mehr

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    We study gender differences in the labor market reallocation of Peruvian workers in response to trade liberalization. The empirical strategy relies on variation in import competition across local labor markets based on their industrial composition before China entered the global market in 2001. In contrast to much of the existing literature, we find that import competition did not have persistent negative employment effects on men or led them to sort into the non-tradable or informal sectors. The adverse effects on the employment of low-educated women in the tradable sector, however, persist over time leading them to sort into the non-tradable sector or out of the labor force. The results are consistent with a mechanism in which gender occupational and industrial segregation leads to a widening of the gender gap in employment.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260769
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9639 (2022)
    Schlagworte: import competition; female employment; gender discrimination
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Gender discrimination in competitive markets
    Autor*in: Marjit, Sugata; Oladi, Reza
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We propose a competitive general equilibrium theory of gender discrimination in labor market where male and female workers are equally productive, but the female workers are deliberately paid less than the male due to subjective discrimination.... mehr

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    We propose a competitive general equilibrium theory of gender discrimination in labor market where male and female workers are equally productive, but the female workers are deliberately paid less than the male due to subjective discrimination. Pioneering works of Becker (1957) and Arrow (1973), in terms of partial equilibrium models, have argued that the forces of competition would restrict subjective discrimination which leads to increasing cost for a firm and reduce the return to capital. In contrast, using a general equilibrium framework as in Jones (1965), we show that discrimination can perpetuate even in perfectly competitive markets. We also show that the return to capital can increase with discrimination if the capital intensive sector is also female worker dominated. If international trade policy, or any competitive price shock, reduces return to capital, increasing discrimination may be attempted to compensate the capital. Thus, policy intervention may be essential to contain discrimination in competitive markets.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260835
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9705 (2022)
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 13 Seiten)
  11. Diving in the minds of recruiters
    what triggers gender stereotypes in hiring?
    Autor*in: Borm, Hannah Van; Baert, Stijn
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    We investigate the drivers of gender differentials in hiring chances. More concretely, we test (i) whether recruiters perceive job applicants in gender stereotypical terms when making hiring decisions and (ii) whether the activation of these gender... mehr

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    We investigate the drivers of gender differentials in hiring chances. More concretely, we test (i) whether recruiters perceive job applicants in gender stereotypical terms when making hiring decisions and (ii) whether the activation of these gender stereotypes in recruiters' minds varies by the salience of gender in a particular hiring context and the gender prototypicality of a job applicant, as hypothesised in Ridgeway and Kricheli-Katz (2013). To this end, we conduct an innovative vignette experiment in the United States with 290 genuine recruiters who evaluate fictitious job applicants regarding their hireability and 21 statements related to specific gender stereotypes. Moreover, we experimentally manipulate both the gender prototypicality of a job applicant and the salience of gender in the hiring context. We find that employers perceive women in gender stereotypical terms when making hiring decisions. In particular, women are perceived to be more social and supportive than men, but also as less assertive and physically strong. Furthermore, our results indicate that the gender prototypicality of job applicants moderates these perceptions: the less prototypical group of African American women, who are assumed to be less prototypical, are perceived in less stereotypical terms than white women, while some stereotypes are more outspoken when female résumés reveal family responsibilities.

     
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    hdl: 10419/253364
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1083
    Schlagworte: hiring; gender discrimination; stereotypes; race; motherhood
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 65 Seiten)
  12. Diving in the minds of recruiters
    what triggers gender stereotypes in hiring?
    Autor*in: Borm, Hannah Van; Baert, Stijn
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the drivers of gender differentials in hiring chances. More concretely, we test (i) whether recruiters perceive job applicants in gender stereotypical terms when making hiring decisions and (ii) whether the activation of these gender... mehr

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    We investigate the drivers of gender differentials in hiring chances. More concretely, we test (i) whether recruiters perceive job applicants in gender stereotypical terms when making hiring decisions and (ii) whether the activation of these gender stereotypes in recruiters’ minds varies by the salience of gender in a particular hiring context and the gender prototypicality of a job applicant, as hypothesised in Ridgeway and Kricheli-Katz (2013). To this end, we conduct an innovative vignette experiment in the United States with 290 genuine recruiters who evaluate fictitious job applicants regarding their hireability and 21 statements related to specific gender stereotypes. Moreover, we experimentally manipulate both the gender prototypicality of a job applicant and the salience of gender in the hiring context. We find that employers perceive women in gender stereotypical terms when making hiring decisions. In particular, women are perceived to be more social and supportive than men, but also as less assertive and physically strong. Furthermore, our results indicate that the gender prototypicality of job applicants moderates these perceptions: the less prototypical group of African American women, who are assumed to be less prototypical, are perceived in less stereotypical terms than white women, while some stereotypes are more outspoken when female résumés reveal family responsibilities.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263477
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15261
    Schlagworte: hiring; gender discrimination; stereotypes; race; motherhood
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 66 Seiten)
  13. Gender discrimination and the sex ratio of immigrants
    Autor*in: Lach, Saul; Sicherman, Nachum
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We use data on international migration to study the causal effect of gender discrimination on the sex-ratio of immigrants to the U.S. during the 1970-2019 period. We measure gender discrimination in the countries of origin using the Women, Business,... mehr

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    We use data on international migration to study the causal effect of gender discrimination on the sex-ratio of immigrants to the U.S. during the 1970-2019 period. We measure gender discrimination in the countries of origin using the Women, Business, and the Law (WBL) index, which measures legal differences in access to economic opportunities between men and women. Controlling for country fixed effects and regional time trends, as well as for potentially confounding factors, we find that a one standard deviation increase in the WBL index in a country of origin (a decrease in gender discrimination) decreases the share of women immigrating to the U.S. from that country by 1.7 percentage points, on average. This large effect of gender discrimination on the sex ratio of immigrants is robust to specification changes, and is not significant when examining senior citizens.

     
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    hdl: 10419/265708
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15487
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination; sex-ratios; international migration
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. The changing roles of young single women in Jordan before the Great Recession
    an explanation using economic theory
    Autor*in: Conde-Ruiz, J. Ignacio; Giménez, Eduardo L.
    Erschienen: abril de 2022
    Verlag:  [FEDEA], [Madrid]

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    Schriftenreihe: Documento de trabajo / Fedea ; 2022, 03
    Schlagworte: Young single women; gender discrimination; marriage; Jordanian society; social norms; social economic transformation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Excess female mortality in early infancy?
    missing girls in Ciudad Real and Guadalajara, 1840-1899
    Autor*in: Llopis, Enrique; Quiroga, Gloria; Sánchez Salazar, Felipa; Velasco, Ángel L.; Fuente, Ana de la; García Calvo, Rocío; Ramos, Laura; Sierra, Víctor M.
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  AEHE, Asociación Española de Historia Económica, [Murcia]

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    Schriftenreihe: Documentos de trabajo / Asociación Española de Historia Económica ; no 2111
    Schlagworte: gender discrimination; mortality; early infancy; Castile; 19th century
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Bemerkung(en):

    Die Zählung müsste lauten: no 2201
  16. Contested values: economic expertise in the comparable worth controversy, USA, 1979-1989
    Autor*in: Chassonnery-Zaïgouche, Cléo
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Center for the History of Political Economy at Duke University, [Durham, NC]

    The comparable worth principle - a call for a general readjustment of wages according to a measure of the worth of an occupation - gained a policy momentum in the United States in the early 1980s. A Supreme Court decision, multiple bills,... mehr

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    The comparable worth principle - a call for a general readjustment of wages according to a measure of the worth of an occupation - gained a policy momentum in the United States in the early 1980s. A Supreme Court decision, multiple bills, congressional hearings as well as an arsenal of initiatives from women and labour groups all over the US shaped the debate as a technical as well as political issue. At the core of the quarrel lie diverse opinions on the criteria and practices of setting fair wages. Between 1979, the start of a national movement, and 1985, when all US government agencies declared the principle unsound, this paper follows the deployment of economic arguments on both sides of the controversy. The main shifts in the dominant position are the location of biases affecting pay settings and the criteria for rational wage determination: from the market to job analysts for the bias, and from bureaucratic procedures to market for the locus of rationality. I am documenting this shift using the discussions on scientific evidence brought by experts in legal and political hearings. The paper describes three moments in the relations between science and policy: first the scientisation of policy, the politicisation of science and finally, its weaponisation.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265405
    Schriftenreihe: CHOPE working paper ; no. 2022, 08 (August 2022)
    Schlagworte: comparable worth; gender discrimination; job evaluation; wage determination
    Weitere Schlagworte: Array
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten)
  17. Estimating the effects of expanding ultrasound use on sex selection in India
    Autor*in: Akbulut-Yuksel, Mevlude; Rosenblum, Daniel
    Erschienen: December 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The liberalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s led to an unprecedented increase in the availability of prenatal ultrasound technology. In this paper, we analyze the differential spread of ultrasound in India at the state level over a ten-year... mehr

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    The liberalization of the Indian economy in the 1990s led to an unprecedented increase in the availability of prenatal ultrasound technology. In this paper, we analyze the differential spread of ultrasound in India at the state level over a ten-year period (1999 to 2008) and the consequences for the prevalence of sex-selective abortion. Omitting the Southern Indian states, which had the fastest increase in ultrasound use and little sex selection, we find that higher levels of ultrasound use within a state are positively associated with the probability that a child is born male. This increased likelihood of having a male child is only found for children with no older brothers, i.e. births most likely to be affected by sex selection. The positive relationship between state-level ultrasound use and having a male child can be found across various subsamples: urban and rural, older and younger mothers, mothers with high and low education. The estimates are robust to including linear cohort-year time trends and prenatal health care controls.

     
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    hdl: 10419/272465
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15838
    Schlagworte: ultrasound; technology adoption; gender discrimination; son preference; sex-selective abortion; India
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Sex-selective abortions and instrumental births as the two faces of the stopping rule. new measures and world evidence
    Autor*in: Baland, Jean-Marie; Cassan, Guilhem; Woitrin, Francois
    Erschienen: 22 March 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18014
    Schlagworte: sex-selective abortion; stopping rule; gender discrimination
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Speaking up
    understanding language and gender
    Autor*in: Julé, Allyson
    Erschienen: [2018]; © 2018
    Verlag:  Multilingual Matters, Bristol ; Blue Ridge Summit, PA

    From slut-shaming to the allegedly shrill voices of female politicians, from vocal fry to online misogyny, the language women use (and the language used about them) is as controversial as it has ever been. Our language use and our gender have an... mehr

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    Ostbayerische Technische Hochschule Amberg-Weiden / Hochschulbibliothek Amberg
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    TH-AB - Technische Hochschule Aschaffenburg, Hochschulbibliothek
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    Technische Hochschule Augsburg
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    Universitätsbibliothek Bamberg
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    Hochschule Coburg, Zentralbibliothek
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    Hochschule Kempten, Hochschulbibliothek
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    Standort:
    Hochschule Landshut, Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften, Bibliothek
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    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek Passau
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    From slut-shaming to the allegedly shrill voices of female politicians, from vocal fry to online misogyny, the language women use (and the language used about them) is as controversial as it has ever been. Our language use and our gender have an enormous impact on the way we understand ourselves and the world around us, and the way we are treated by society. Using the latest academic research, Allyson Jule tackles some of the most pressing issues facing feminism today, including how language use and related ideas about gender play out in the home, workplace and online. It turns out that many popular ideas about gender and language are more complicated than they first appear. This book will change the way you think about language, and give you the tools to challenge the world around you. 

     
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  20. The English judiciary, discrimination law and statutory interpretation
    easy cases making bad law
    Autor*in: Connolly, Michael J.
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London

    In 1856, the US Supreme Court denied Dred Scott, now free of slavery, his Constitutional rights, solely because he was black. According to the Court, when the Constitution was drafted, some 60 years earlier, its authors would not have intended that... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Flensburg
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    Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek
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    In 1856, the US Supreme Court denied Dred Scott, now free of slavery, his Constitutional rights, solely because he was black. According to the Court, when the Constitution was drafted, some 60 years earlier, its authors would not have intended that `a subordinate and inferior class of beings' qualified as citizens of the United States. Thus, the meaning of language drafted over half a century before was frozen in time.This case, perhaps more than any other, demonstrates that the matter of statutory interpretation is critical, technical, and, sometimes, highly emotive. The case is not a mere nugget from history to indulge our disgust with values of another age, and with it a satisfaction of our progress to today's higher moral ground. It is the unfortunate case that the senior courts of England continue to produce highly contentious interpretations of our equality and discrimination laws.This book examines these cases from the perspective of statutory interpretation, the judge's primary function. The scrutiny finds the judgments technically flawed, overcomplicated, excessively long, and often unduly restrictive. As such, this book explains how the cases should have been resolved - using conventional methods of interpretation; this would have produced simpler, technically sound judgments. Rather like the case of Dred Scott, these were easy cases producing bad law.

     
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  21. Speaking up
    understanding language and gender
    Autor*in: Julé, Allyson
    Erschienen: [2018]; © 2018
    Verlag:  Multilingual Matters, Bristol ; Blue Ridge Summit, PA

    From slut-shaming to the allegedly shrill voices of female politicians, from vocal fry to online misogyny, the language women use (and the language used about them) is as controversial as it has ever been. Our language use and our gender have an... mehr

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    Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Universitätsbibliothek, Jacob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum
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    From slut-shaming to the allegedly shrill voices of female politicians, from vocal fry to online misogyny, the language women use (and the language used about them) is as controversial as it has ever been. Our language use and our gender have an enormous impact on the way we understand ourselves and the world around us, and the way we are treated by society. Using the latest academic research, Allyson Jule tackles some of the most pressing issues facing feminism today, including how language use and related ideas about gender play out in the home, workplace and online. It turns out that many popular ideas about gender and language are more complicated than they first appear. This book will change the way you think about language, and give you the tools to challenge the world around you. 

     
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  22. The English judiciary, discrimination law and statutory interpretation
    easy cases making bad law
    Autor*in: Connolly, Michael J.
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, London

    In 1856, the US Supreme Court denied Dred Scott, now free of slavery, his Constitutional rights, solely because he was black. According to the Court, when the Constitution was drafted, some 60 years earlier, its authors would not have intended that... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    In 1856, the US Supreme Court denied Dred Scott, now free of slavery, his Constitutional rights, solely because he was black. According to the Court, when the Constitution was drafted, some 60 years earlier, its authors would not have intended that `a subordinate and inferior class of beings' qualified as citizens of the United States. Thus, the meaning of language drafted over half a century before was frozen in time.This case, perhaps more than any other, demonstrates that the matter of statutory interpretation is critical, technical, and, sometimes, highly emotive. The case is not a mere nugget from history to indulge our disgust with values of another age, and with it a satisfaction of our progress to today's higher moral ground. It is the unfortunate case that the senior courts of England continue to produce highly contentious interpretations of our equality and discrimination laws.This book examines these cases from the perspective of statutory interpretation, the judge's primary function. The scrutiny finds the judgments technically flawed, overcomplicated, excessively long, and often unduly restrictive. As such, this book explains how the cases should have been resolved - using conventional methods of interpretation; this would have produced simpler, technically sound judgments. Rather like the case of Dred Scott, these were easy cases producing bad law.

     
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  23. Gender equality and inclusive growth
    Autor*in: Fernández, Raquel; Isakova, Asel; Luna, Francesco; Rambousek, Barbara
    Erschienen: March 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

    This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes... mehr

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    This paper considers various dimensions and sources of gender inequality and presents policies and best practices to address these. With women accounting for fifty percent of the global population, inclusive growth can only be achieved if it promotes gender equality. Despite recent progress, gender gaps remain across all stages of life, including before birth, and negatively impact health, education, and economic outcomes for women. The roadmap to gender equality has to rely on legal framework reforms, policies to promote equal access, and efforts to tackle entrenched social norms. These need to be set in the context of arising new trends such as digitalization, climate change, as well as shocks such as pandemics

     
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    ISBN: 9781513571164
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    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 59
    Schlagworte: gender gap; inequality; wage gap; wage segregation; gender discrimination; activelabor market policies; gender budgeting; GGGI: Global Gender Gap Index; inclusive growth
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Gender-biased fertility preferences may decrease fertility: evidence from a counterfactual analysis
    Autor*in: Cassan, Guilhem
    Erschienen: 24 October 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18551
    Schlagworte: stopping rule; gender discrimination; fertility
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Determining the extent of gender discrimination in education sector
    a case of Pakistan
    Autor*in: Arif, Rabia; Khalid, Maham
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Centre for Research in Economics and Business, Lahore School of Economics, Lahore, Pakistan

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    Schriftenreihe: CREB working paper ; no. 21, 04
    Schlagworte: Education; gender discrimination; Pakistan
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen