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  1. English Identity and Ethnic Diversity in the Context of UK Constitutional Change
    Autor*in: Condor, Susan; Gibson, Stephen; Abell, Jackie
    Erschienen: 2006

    Abstract: At the time of the devolution settlement in the UK, there was widespread concern that the establishment of the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales would prompt a rise in English identity at the expense of British identity... mehr

     

    Abstract: At the time of the devolution settlement in the UK, there was widespread concern that the establishment of the Scottish Parliament and National Assembly for Wales would prompt a rise in English identity at the expense of British identity and, in turn, threaten polyethnic constructions of citizenship. Such presumptions typically rested on reified understandings of the category labels British and English, and conflated the construct of national identity with the constructs of territorial belonging, social inclusion and citizenship. Post-devolution survey data do not currently reveal a decline in British identity in England. Measures of attachment to Englishness vary as a function of ethnic origin of respondent, but also as a function of question wording. A qualitative interview study of young adult Pakistani-origin Muslims in Greater Manchester, north-west England, illustrates how Englishness may be understood to pertain variously to an exclusive cultural or racial category, or to an

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    DDC Klassifikation: Englische, altenglische Literaturen (820)
    Schlagworte: devolution; England; ethnicity; multiculturalism; national identity; United Kingdom;
  2. Differences Between Women? Intersecting Voices in a Female Narrative
    Autor*in: Ludvig, Alice
    Erschienen: 2006

    Abstract: The ‘intersectionality’ approach in feminist theory postulates that differences between women, such as age, ethnicity, class, nationality, sexuality, etc. do intersect. However, intersectionality starts to get blurred when examined... mehr

     

    Abstract: The ‘intersectionality’ approach in feminist theory postulates that differences between women, such as age, ethnicity, class, nationality, sexuality, etc. do intersect. However, intersectionality starts to get blurred when examined concretely because the list of differences is always endless. There is frequently silence about concrete questions such as: who defines when, where and which of these differences are rendered important in particular conceptions, and which are not? This article examines how categories of difference and identity interplay and intersect by analysing a narrative life-interview with a female migrant to Vienna. It aims to make visible some of her specific identifications and differentiations and how these are located in time and space, by focusing on her self-presentation and the categories of difference such as gender, class and ethnicity that she introduces. Through this the article aims to contribute to discussions of the dynamism of subjectivities and powe

     
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    DDC Klassifikation: Amerikanische Literatur in in Englisch (810)
    Schlagworte: Gender; class; difference; ethnicity; identity; intersectionality; life-story; narratives;
  3. Testing for ethnic discrimination in outpatient health care: evidence from a field experiment in Germany
    Autor*in: Halla, Martin; Kah, Christopher; Sausgruber, Rupert
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz, Linz-Auhof, Austria

    To test for ethnic discrimination in access to outpatient health care services, we carry out an email-correspondence study in Germany. We approach 3,224 physician offices in the 79 largest cities in Germany with fictitious appointment requests and... mehr

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    To test for ethnic discrimination in access to outpatient health care services, we carry out an email-correspondence study in Germany. We approach 3,224 physician offices in the 79 largest cities in Germany with fictitious appointment requests and randomized patients' characteristics. We find that patients' ethnicity, as signaled by distinct Turkish versus German names, does not affect whether they receive an appointment or wait time. In contrast, patients with private insurance are 31 percent more likely to receive an appointment. Holding a private insurance also increases the likelihood of receiving a response and reduces the wait time. This suggests that physicians use leeway to prioritize privately insured patients to enhance their earnings, but they do not discriminate persons of Turkish origin based on taste. Still, their behavior creates means-based barriers for economically disadvantaged groups.

     
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    hdl: 10419/249044
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Johannes Kepler University of Linz ; no. 2115 (November 2021)
    Schlagworte: Discrimination; immigrants; ethnicity; health care markets; health insurance; inequality; correspondence experiment; field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Earnings inequality and immobility for Hispanics and Asians
    an examination of variation across subgroups
    Autor*in: Akee, Randall; Porter, Sonya R.; Simeonova, Emilia
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies, Washington, DC

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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau ; 21, 30 (September 2021)
    Schlagworte: Earnings immobility; earnings inequality; race; ethnicity; data disaggregation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Decomposing discrimination: why a holistic approach to racism hides more than it reveals
    Autor*in: Koopmans, Ruud
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  WZB Berlin Social Science Center, Berlin, Germany

    In recent debates on "race" and "racism", a broad definition has emerged that encompasses phenotypic appearance as well as ethnicity and religion. In addition, the "intersectional" interactions between these different characteristics are a core... mehr

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    In recent debates on "race" and "racism", a broad definition has emerged that encompasses phenotypic appearance as well as ethnicity and religion. In addition, the "intersectional" interactions between these different characteristics are a core element of this holistic concept of racism. On the basis of labor market and survey experiments, this article shows that such a concept of racism is not very helpful in understanding actual patterns of discrimination. Phenotype, ethnicity and religion each have independent effects on discrimination. Tendencies towards discrimination differ greatly between social and political groups and are not limited to the majority population. In jüngeren Diskussionen zu "Rasse" und "Rassismus" hat sich eine breite Definition durchgesetzt, die sowohl phänotypisches Aussehen als auch Ethnizität und Religion umfasst. Außerdem werden in dieser ganzheitlichen Rassismuskonzeption die "intersektionellen" Wechselwirkungen zwischen diesen verschiedenen Merkmalen betont. Auf der Grundlage eines Arbeitsmarktexperiments sowie eines Umfrageexperiments zeigt dieser Beitrag, dass ein solcher Rassismusbegriff wenig hilfreich ist, um tatsächliche Diskriminierungsmuster zu verstehen. Phänotyp, Ethnizität und Religion üben jeweils voneinander unabhängige Effekte auf Diskriminierung aus. Diskriminierungstendenzen unterscheiden sich stark zwischen sozialen und politischen Gruppen und sind nicht auf die Mehrheitsbevölkerung begrenzt.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Research Area: Migration and Diversity, Research Unit: Migration, Integration, Transnationalization ; SP VI 2021, 103 (October 2021)
    Schlagworte: Rassismus; Diskriminierung; Intersektionalismus; Ethnizität; Religion; Racism; discrimination; intersectionalism; ethnicity; religion
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 12 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. COVID-19 and mental health deterioration among BAME groups in the UK
    Autor*in: Proto, Eugenio; Quintana-Domeque, Climent
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  [Adam Smith Business School], [Glasgow]

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: First draft: 16 July 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Glasgow, Adam Smith Business School ; paper no. 2020, 16 (July 2020)
    Schlagworte: GHQ-12; wellbeing; mental health; mental distress; ethnicity; gender
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Multi-dimensional identities of the Hispanic population in the United States
    Autor*in: Antman, Francisca M.
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This essay discusses the multi-dimensional identities of the Hispanic population in the United States as represented in current surveys. It reviews some of the critical barriers in data collection methods that limit research studies on this... mehr

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    This essay discusses the multi-dimensional identities of the Hispanic population in the United States as represented in current surveys. It reviews some of the critical barriers in data collection methods that limit research studies on this population. Solutions are suggested that would improve the collective understanding of this population and thus allow policymakers to better address the challenges faced by this large and diverse group of people.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250476
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14815
    Schlagworte: Hispanic/Latino; ethnicity; race; identity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 12 Seiten)
  8. Testing for ethnic discrimination in outpatient health care: evidence from a field experiment in Germany
    Autor*in: Halla, Martin; Kah, Christopher; Sausgruber, Rupert
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    To test for ethnic discrimination in access to outpatient health care services, we carry out an email-correspondence study in Germany. We approach 3,224 physician offices in the 79 largest cities in Germany with fictitious appointment requests and... mehr

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    To test for ethnic discrimination in access to outpatient health care services, we carry out an email-correspondence study in Germany. We approach 3,224 physician offices in the 79 largest cities in Germany with fictitious appointment requests and randomized patients' characteristics. We find that patients' ethnicity, as signaled by distinct Turkish versus German names, does not affect whether they receive an appointment or wait time. In contrast, patients with private insurance are 31 percent more likely to receive an appointment. Holding a private insurance also increases the likelihood of receiving a response and reduces the wait time. This suggests that physicians use leeway to prioritize privately insured patients to enhance their earnings, but they do not discriminate persons of Turkish origin based on taste. Still, their behavior creates means-based barriers for economically disadvantaged groups.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250547
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14886
    Schlagworte: discrimination; immigrants; ethnicity; health care markets; health insurance; inequality; correspondence experiment; field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Loss aversion in taste-based employee discrimination: evidence from a choice experiment
    Autor*in: Lippens, Louis; Baert, Stijn; Derous, Eva
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Using a choice experiment, we test whether taste-based employee discrimination against ethnic minorities is susceptible to loss aversion. In line with empirical evidence from previous research, our results indicate that introducing a hypothetical... mehr

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    Using a choice experiment, we test whether taste-based employee discrimination against ethnic minorities is susceptible to loss aversion. In line with empirical evidence from previous research, our results indicate that introducing a hypothetical wage penalty for discriminatory choice behaviour lowers discrimination and that higher penalties have a greater effect. Most notably, we find that the propensity to discriminate is significantly lower when this penalty is loss-framed rather than gain-framed. From a policy perspective, it could therefore be more effective to financially penalise taste-based discriminators than to incentivise them not to discriminate.

     
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    hdl: 10419/236469
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14438
    Schlagworte: taste-based discrimination; employee discrimination; loss aversion; ethnicity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 17 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Beyond the origin dummy: heterogeneity of ethnicity and human capital accumulation
    Autor*in: Postepska, Agnieszka
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Ethnic background is a well recognized complementary factor in human capital accumulation process. This paper investigates how three aspects of ethnicity affect human capital formation: group's quality, size and closeness of ties. Relying on... mehr

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    Ethnic background is a well recognized complementary factor in human capital accumulation process. This paper investigates how three aspects of ethnicity affect human capital formation: group's quality, size and closeness of ties. Relying on heteroskedasticity to identify parameters in the presence of endogenous regressors, I find evidence of heterogenous effects of ethnicity for men and women. The results show that women in groups characterized by close ties benefit from high-quality ethnic environment, regardless of the group's size. In contrast, among men, the group's size appears to be of importance, and men in large groups characterized by loose ties benefit the most from higher quality of the ethnic group. The results are consistent with different socialization patterns, as evidenced by the literature.

     
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    hdl: 10419/232771
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14019
    Schlagworte: human capital formation; ethnicity; endogamy; networks; identification through conditional second moments
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 25 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Working and disability expectancies at old ages
    the role of childhood circumstances and education
    Autor*in: Lorenti, Angelo; Dudel, Christian; Hale, Jo Mhairi; Myrskylä, Mikko
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany

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    Schriftenreihe: MPIDR working paper ; WP 2020, 006 (February 2020)
    Schlagworte: USA; disability; early childhood; education; ethnicity; length of working life; Markov chains
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Loss aversion in taste-based employee discrimination
    evidence from a choice experiment
    Autor*in: Lippens, Louis; Baert, Stijn; Derous, Eva
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    Using a choice experiment, we test whether taste-based employee discrimination against ethnic minorities is susceptible to loss aversion. In line with empirical evidence from previous research, our results indicate that introducing a hypothetical... mehr

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    Using a choice experiment, we test whether taste-based employee discrimination against ethnic minorities is susceptible to loss aversion. In line with empirical evidence from previous research, our results indicate that introducing a hypothetical wage penalty for discriminatory choice behaviour lowers discrimination and that higher penalties have a greater effect. Most notably, we find that the propensity to discriminate is significantly lower when this penalty is loss-framed rather than gain-framed. From a policy perspective, it could therefore be more effective to financially penalise taste-based discriminators than to incentivise them not to discriminate.

     
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    hdl: 10419/234499
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 856
    Schlagworte: taste-based discrimination; employee discrimination; loss aversion; ethnicity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 16 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Contextualizing oppositional cultures: a multilevel network analysis of status orders in schools
    Autor*in: Kruse, Hanno; Kroneberg, Clemens
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    Different lines of research have argued that specific groups, such as boys or ethnic minorities, are more prone to develop an anti-school culture than others, leading to group differences in the social acceptance of high performers. Taking an... mehr

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    Different lines of research have argued that specific groups, such as boys or ethnic minorities, are more prone to develop an anti-school culture than others, leading to group differences in the social acceptance of high performers. Taking an ecological view, we ask to what extent the school context promotes or prevents the emergence of group-specific oppositional cultures. Theoretically, we argue that group-based oppositional cultures become more likely in schools with low socio-economic resources and in schools where socio-economic differences align with demographic attributes. We test our hypotheses based on data from a large-scale, four-wave network panel survey among more than 3000 students in Germany. Applying stochastic actor-oriented models for the coevolution of networks and behavior, we find that group-based oppositional cultures in which students like high performers less are very rare. However, in line with theoretical expectations, boys tend to evaluate high-performing peers less positively than girls do in schools that are less resourceful. Moreover, ethnic minority boys tend to evaluate high performers less positively than majority boys do in schools where the former tend to come from socio-economically less resourceful families.

     
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    hdl: 10419/228847
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 044 (December 2020)
    Schlagworte: gender; ethnicity; school performance; social networks; stochastic actor-oriented models
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Understanding pay gaps
    Autor*in: Amadxarif, Zahid; Angeli, Marilena; Haldane, Andrew G.; Zemaityte, Gabija
    Erschienen: July 2020
    Verlag:  Bank of England, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Staff working paper / Bank of England ; no. 877
    Schlagworte: Gender; ethnicity; pay gap; inequality; minimum wage
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. The impact of gender and ethnic discrimination on redistribution and productivity
    Autor*in: Tetteh-Baah, Samuel Kofi; Günther, Isabel
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Verein für Socialpolitik, [Köln]

    This study analyzes the impact of gender and ethnic discrimination on redistributive preferences and productivity using a large online experiment with US citizens on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants are randomly allocated to different payment... mehr

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    This study analyzes the impact of gender and ethnic discrimination on redistributive preferences and productivity using a large online experiment with US citizens on Amazon's Mechanical Turk. Participants are randomly allocated to different payment schemes for a real-effort task. Four payment schemes discriminate against women, men, whites, or people of color. Men's productivity slightly increases when they are discriminated against whereas productivity slightly decreases for women and people of color when they are discriminated against. After the task and revealing earnings, participants are given the chance to redistribute earnings by voting on a tax rate for the group. Discrimination against women highly increases preferred tax rates and discrimination against whites or people of color moderately increases the demand for redistribution. The results indicate that different forms of economic discrimination - even if financially indistinguishable - lead to very different reactions amongst the entire population and sub-groups. The results also indicate that brute luck of gender or ethnicity occurring at birth is perceived as different from brute luck experienced later in life.

     
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    hdl: 10419/224633
    Schriftenreihe: Jahrestagung 2020 / Verein für Socialpolitik ; 137
    Schlagworte: luck; gender; ethnicity; discrimination; inequality; productivity; tax rate; demand forredistribution
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Ethnicity is not public service destiny
    the political logic of service distribution in South Africa
    Autor*in: Porten, John; Rhee, Inbok; Gibson, Clark C.
    Erschienen: April 2021
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    Millions of South Africans in thousands of demonstrations have protested the unequal allocation of public services. Despite the African National Congress's promise to reduce the disparities generated by apartheid, the level of public services remains... mehr

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    Millions of South Africans in thousands of demonstrations have protested the unequal allocation of public services. Despite the African National Congress's promise to reduce the disparities generated by apartheid, the level of public services remains highly uneven across the country. Most studies of service provision in Africa assume that politicians will target their coethnics; other 'diversity deficit' literature hypothesizes that a high level of ethnic diversity undermines service provision from the start. Rather than assuming that ethnicity underlies service distribution in Africa, we argue that explanations of service provision should first examine how political institutions incentivize politicians to choose what services to distribute and how to distribute them. Even in an ethnicized polity, ethnic targeting may not be a politician's best strategy. We seek to explain the variation in service levels across South African municipalities and advance three hypotheses: (1) Municipal councillors in more ethnically diverse municipalities will form policy coalitions that produce higher service levels. (2) Due to their extensive powers and the possibility of being residual claimants to municipality resources, South African mayors will decrease services when they enjoy electoral safety. (3) The strategic interaction between councillors and their mayor helps to account for the variation in service provision across South Africa's municipalities. We test our hypotheses with data from more than 1.37 million households and aggregated municipality-level measures and find strong support for all three hypotheses. Political institutions-not ethnic demography-drive policy choices and service outcomes.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292670016
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/243389
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2021, 63
    Schlagworte: public services; ethnicity; Africa; distributive politics; development policy; SouthAfrica
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Vanishing borders
    ethnicity and trade costs at the origin of the Yugoslav market
    Autor*in: Chilosi, David; Nikolić, Stefan
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  European Historical Economics Society, [Europa]

    This article exploits the creation of a paradigmatic multi-ethnic state, Yugoslavia, to examine if, to what extent, and why the effect of ethnic ties on trade costs changes over time. We compile and examine a panel of over 550,000 inter-urban price... mehr

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    This article exploits the creation of a paradigmatic multi-ethnic state, Yugoslavia, to examine if, to what extent, and why the effect of ethnic ties on trade costs changes over time. We compile and examine a panel of over 550,000 inter-urban price gaps spanning the area of Yugoslavia in the decades before and after the Yugoslav unification of 1918. Controlling for observable trade costs, we find that crossing the border between Serbia and Austria-Hungary significantly increased price gaps before the First World War. Ethno-religious differences explained a large share of this border effect in pre-unification Yugoslavia, but their influence vanished over time. This decline began about twelve years before the unification, and is visible both in city-pairs that were separated by the pre-war border and in those that were not. These patterns suggest that nation-building, rather than a weakening incentive to rely on private order institutions, was the main unifying factor.

     
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    hdl: 10419/247144
    Schriftenreihe: EHES working paper ; no. 214 (June 2021)
    Schlagworte: border effect; ethnicity; market integration; nationbuilding; trade costs
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  18. The impact of forced migration on in-group and out-group social capital
    Autor*in: Hager, Anselm; Valasek, Justin
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    In this paper, we study how forced migration impacts the in-group and out-group social capital of Syrian refugees and the host population in Northern Lebanon by administering a novel survey experiment in which we manipulate the salience of the... mehr

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    In this paper, we study how forced migration impacts the in-group and out-group social capital of Syrian refugees and the host population in Northern Lebanon by administering a novel survey experiment in which we manipulate the salience of the migration experience (for refugees) and the refugee crisis (for the host population). Additionally, we study the social spillovers to Palestinians, an established refugee population in Lebanon. We find that the impact of forced migration is largely restricted to the Syrian refugee-Lebanese host population channel, and that it increases the relative disparity between in-group and out-group social capital. This may cause refugees to favor in-group interactions and therefore forgo more economically advantageous interactions with out-group members.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260766
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9636 (2022)
    Schlagworte: refugees; migration; social capital; experiment; ethnicity
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  19. Ethnic dominance and exclusion
    unpacking cross-national data
    Autor*in: Vaccaro, Andrea
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research, Helsinki, Finland

    It is widely accepted that the distribution of power between ethnic groups within a country plays a key role in major social, political, and economic outcomes. Researchers working on the topic have various measures of ethnic dominance and exclusion,... mehr

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    It is widely accepted that the distribution of power between ethnic groups within a country plays a key role in major social, political, and economic outcomes. Researchers working on the topic have various measures of ethnic dominance and exclusion, and other closely related aspects such as ethnic fractionalization, polarization, and heterogeneity, available to them. These measures are, however, often used without sufficient critical reflection and their empirical differences are not entirely understood. The literature does not provide too much guidance either. In fact, efforts to comparatively evaluate data on how power is distributed between ethnic groups are in short supply. To address this gap in the literature, the study at hand provides a comprehensive descriptive analysis of publicly available common cross-national country-level measures on ethnic dominance and exclusion. The findings of this study suggest that Varieties of Democracy's Exclusion by Social Group and Ethnic Power Relations' Ethnic Exclusion are more alike than the other measures under scrutiny, yet in general the empirical differences among common measures of ethnic dominance and exclusion are substantial. Scholars should thus reject an 'any measure will do' approach when choosing among competing measures.

     
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    ISBN: 9789292671563
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/259381
    Schriftenreihe: WIDER working paper ; 2022, 25
    Schlagworte: ethnic dominance; ethnic exclusion; ethnicity; data; indicators; measurement
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Testing for ethnic discrimination in outpatient health care
    evidence from a field experiment in Germany
    Autor*in: Halla, Martin; Kah, Christopher; Sausgruber, Rupert
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  Vienna University of Economics and Business, Wien

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    Schriftenreihe: Department of Economics working paper / Vienna University of Economics and Business ; no. 319
    Schlagworte: Discrimination; immigrants; ethnicity; health care markets; health insurance; inequality; correspondence experiment; field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Strangers and foreigners
    trust and attitudes toward citizenship
    Autor*in: Bertocchi, Graziella; Dimico, Arcangelo; Tedeschi, Gian Luca
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We analyze the relationship between natives' attitudes towards citizenship acquisition for foreigners and trust. Our hypothesis is that, in sub-Saharan Africa, the slave trade represents the deep factor behind contemporary attitudes toward... mehr

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    We analyze the relationship between natives' attitudes towards citizenship acquisition for foreigners and trust. Our hypothesis is that, in sub-Saharan Africa, the slave trade represents the deep factor behind contemporary attitudes toward citizenship, with more intense exposure to historical slave exports for an individual's ethnic group being associated with contemporary distrust for strangers, and in turn opposition to citizenship laws that favor the inclusion of foreigners. We find that individuals who are more trusting do show more positive attitudes towards the acquisition of citizenship at birth for children of foreigners, that these attitudes are also negatively related to the intensity of the slave trade, and that the underlying link between trust and the slave trade is confirmed. Alternative factors - conflict, kinship, and witchcraft beliefs - that, through trust, may affect attitudes toward citizenship, are not generating the same distinctive pattern of linkages emerging from the slave trade.

     
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    hdl: 10419/250703
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15042
    Schlagworte: citizenship; trust; slave trade; migration; ethnicity; conflict; kinship; witchcraft
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Refugee children's earnings in adulthood
    refugee status and country of origin shape the economic outcomes of newcomer children later in life
    Autor*in: Yoshida, Yoko; Amoyaw, Jonathan; McLay, Rachel
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), Bonn

    The number of refugees has increased worldwide, and about half of them are children and youth. These refugee children arrive in resettlement countries with a unique set of challenges caused by, for instance, extreme stress and trauma that call for... mehr

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    The number of refugees has increased worldwide, and about half of them are children and youth. These refugee children arrive in resettlement countries with a unique set of challenges caused by, for instance, extreme stress and trauma that call for specific policies to address their needs. Yet, the long-term effect of refugee status on newcomer children's economic trajectories varies by country of origin, signaling the need for effective resettlement support and initiatives to tackle broader systemic barriers for newcomer children, beyond refugees. Such findings challenge the commonly held notion of refugees as a distinctive, relatively homogeneous group with similar trajectories.

     
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    hdl: 10419/260724
    Schriftenreihe: IZA world of labor ; 2022, 490
    Schlagworte: refugees; immigrants; children; earning trajectories; race; ethnicity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 10 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Translating Ethnonyms in Inuit Bibles
    Autor*in: Green, R. Jeffrey
    Erschienen: 2022

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    Übergeordneter Titel: Enthalten in: The Bible translator; London : Sage, 1950; 73(2022), 1, Seite 53-72

    Schlagworte: Bible translation; Inuit; ethnicity; ethnonym
  24. Political cleavages in motion
    Bolivia in 2021
    Autor*in: Bonifaz Moreno, Gustavo; Faguet, Jean-Paul
    Erschienen: July 2022
    Verlag:  Department of International Development, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK

    We analyze recent developments in Bolivia's politics through the lens of political cleavage theory, in particular cleavage displacement. Bolivia's current party system is characterized by a stable and dominant MAS at one end of the spectrum, and at... mehr

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    We analyze recent developments in Bolivia's politics through the lens of political cleavage theory, in particular cleavage displacement. Bolivia's current party system is characterized by a stable and dominant MAS at one end of the spectrum, and at the other a fractious, unstable collection of parties, movements, and other vehicles that have failed to articulate a coherent set of political ideas. It emerged when the previous party system collapsed in 2003-05, shifting politics from a conventional left-right axis of competition unsuited to Bolivian society, to an ethnic/rural vs. cosmopolitan/urban axis closely aligned with its major social cleavage. But society did not freeze in 2005. We analyze the deep roots of Bolivia's current politics, and explore emerging or changing generational, ethnic, urban-rural, regional, class, and religious divides. Understanding how cleavages interact to determine political outcomes allows us to make sense of the deep tensions and sources of instability that both Bolivia, and the MAS internally, currently face, and to shine a light on major coming challenges.

     
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    hdl: 10419/284263
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / International Development, LSE ; no. 207 (22)
    Schlagworte: Cleavage theory; political parties; ethnicity; Bolivia; Latin America
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  25. Stress, ethnicity, and prosocial behavior
    Autor*in: Lowes, Sara; Haushofer, Johannes; Musau, Abednego; Ndetei, David; Nunn, Nathan; Poll, Moritz; Qian, Nancy
    Erschienen: 02 October 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17557
    Schlagworte: Social preferences; cooperation; stress; ethnicity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 91 Seiten), Illustrationen