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  1. An economic model of health-vs-wealth prioritization during COVID-19
    optimal lockdown, network centrality, and segregation
    Autor*in: Pongou, Roland; Tchuente, Guy; Tondji, Jean-Baptiste
    Erschienen: November 2020
    Verlag:  National Institute of Economic and Social Research, London

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    VS 538
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: NIESR discussion paper ; no. 521 (23 November 2020)
    Schlagworte: COVID-19; health-vs-wealth prioritization; economic cost; fuzzy networks; network centrality; segregation; patient zero; optimally targeted lockdown policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 101 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Optimally targeting interventions in networks during a pandemic
    theory and evidence from the networks of nursing homes in the United States
    Autor*in: Pongou, Roland; Tchuente, Guy; Tondji, Jean-Baptiste
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    This study develops an economic model for a social planner who prioritizes health over short- term wealth accumulation during a pandemic. Agents are connected through a weighted undirected network of contacts, and the planner's objective is to... mehr

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    This study develops an economic model for a social planner who prioritizes health over short- term wealth accumulation during a pandemic. Agents are connected through a weighted undirected network of contacts, and the planner's objective is to determine the policy that contains the spread of infection below a tolerable incidence level, and that maximizes the present discounted value of real income, in that order of priority. The optimal unique policy depends both on the configuration of the contact network and the tolerable infection incidence. Comparative statics analyses are conducted: (i) they reveal the tradeoff between the economic cost of the pandemic and the infection incidence allowed; and (ii) they suggest a correlation between different measures of network centrality and individual lockdown probability with the correlation increasing with the tolerable infection incidence level. Using unique data on the networks of nursing and long-term homes in the U.S., we calibrate our model at the state level and estimate the tolerable COVID-19 infection incidence level. We find that laissez-faire (more tolerance to the virus spread) pandemic policy is associated with an increased number of deaths in nursing homes and higher state GDP growth. In terms of the death count, laissez-faire is more harmful to nursing homes than more peripheral in the networks, those located in deprived counties, and those who work for a profit. We also find that U.S. states with a Republican governor have a higher level of tolerable incidence, but policies tend to converge with high death count.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/243294
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 957
    Schlagworte: COVID-19; health-vs-wealth prioritization; economic cost; weighted networks; networkcentrality; nursing homes; optimally targeted lockdown policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Optimal travel restrictions in epidemics
    Autor*in: Shi, Wei; Qiu, Yun; Yu, Pei; Chen, Xi
    Erschienen: May 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Travel restrictions are often imposed to limit the spread of infectious diseases. As uniform restrictions can be inefficient and incur unnecessarily high costs, this paper examines the optimal design of restrictions that target specific travel... mehr

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    Travel restrictions are often imposed to limit the spread of infectious diseases. As uniform restrictions can be inefficient and incur unnecessarily high costs, this paper examines the optimal design of restrictions that target specific travel routes. We propose a model with trade-offs between costs of infections and costs of travel restrictions, where decisions are made with or without coordination between local jurisdictions and provide a computational feasible way to solve the optimization problem. We illustrate the model using the COVID-19 data in China. When travel restrictions target key routes, only around 5% of the possible routes need to be closed in order to have the same number of confirmed COVID-19 cases in the initial outbreaks. Uncoordinated travel restrictions ignore policy externalities and therefore are sub-optimal in comparison to coordinated restrictions.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263506
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15290
    Schlagworte: COVID-19; transmission; public health; economic cost; coordination; externality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Financial, economic and environmental analyses of upgrading reverse osmosis plant fed with treated wastewater
    Autor*in: Chamaki, Foroogh Nazari; Jenkins, Glenn P.; Hashemipour, Majid
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  [Queen's Economics Department], [Kingston, Ontario]

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    Schriftenreihe: Development discussion paper ; 2023-02
    Schlagworte: circular economy; reused wastewater; reverse osmosis; levelized cost; economic cost; membrane technologies; emission cost; environmental externalities; distributive analysis; energy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten)
  5. How much does dysphagia cost?
    an estimation of the additional annual cost of dysphagia in patients hospitalised with stroke
    Autor*in: Duncan, Shnece; Menclova, Andrea Kutinova; Huckabee, Maggie Lee; Cadilhac, Dominique; Ranta, Anna
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Department of Economics and Finance, UC Business School, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics and Finance, School of Business and Economics, University of Canterbury ; no. 2023, 16
    Schlagworte: Dysphagia; stroke-related; economic cost; quality of life; New Zealand
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Financial, economic and environmental analyses of upgrading reverse osmosis plant fed with treated wastewater
    Autor*in: Chamaki, Foroogh Nazari; Jenkins, Glenn P.; Hashemipour, Majid
    Erschienen: 4-2023
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

    One of the most effective strategies to mitigate water shortages worldwide is to reuse the treated wastewater for freshwater production employing reverse osmosis (RO) technology. This strategy is appropriate in urban areas of arid or semi-arid... mehr

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    One of the most effective strategies to mitigate water shortages worldwide is to reuse the treated wastewater for freshwater production employing reverse osmosis (RO) technology. This strategy is appropriate in urban areas of arid or semi-arid regions as it can provide a sustainable and reliable water source close to the consumers. One of the drawbacks of RO is the high variability of production costs due to the electricity intensity. In addition, depending on the electricity source, it can also result in substantial environmental costs. [...]

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/281107
    Schriftenreihe: Queen's Economics Department working paper ; no. 1503
    Schlagworte: circular economy; reused wastewater; reverse osmosis; levelized cost; economic cost; membrane technologies; emission cost; environmental externalities; distributive analysis; energy saving
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 24 Seiten)