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  1. The impact of targeting technologies and consumer multi homing on digital platform competition
    Erschienen: 2021 June
    Verlag:  Norwegian School of Economics, Bergen, Norway

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 11250/2758926
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / NHH, Department of Economics ; SAM 2021, 13
    Schlagworte: Two-sided markets; digital platforms; targeted advertising; incremental pricing; consumer multi-homing
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. The impact of targeting technologies and consumer multi-homing on digital platform competition
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Applied Research at NHH, Bergen, Norway

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    Schriftenreihe: SNF working paper ; no. 21, 07
    Schlagworte: Two-sided markets; digital platforms; targeted advertising; incremental pricing; consumer multi-homing
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The German Facebook case
    the law and economics of the relationship between competition and data protection law
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Philipps-University Marburg, School of Business and Economics, Marburg

    Can competition law also take into account effects on privacy or should privacy concerns of data-collecting behaviour only be dealt with by data protection law? In this paper we are analysing the German Facebook case, in which certain terms of... mehr

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    Can competition law also take into account effects on privacy or should privacy concerns of data-collecting behaviour only be dealt with by data protection law? In this paper we are analysing the German Facebook case, in which certain terms of service (that force consumers to give consent for merging personal data collected through Facebook services with those collected from tracking and third-party websites) were prohibited as exploitative abuse of a dominant firm. We show from an economic perspective that due to the simultaneous existence of two market failures (market dominance, information and behavioral problems) and complex interaction effects between both market failures and both policies in digital markets, the traditional approach of a strict separation of both policies is not possible any more, leading to the need for more collaboration and alignment of both policies. With respect to the substantive question of protecting a minimum level of choice options for consumers regarding personal data vis-a-vis dominant digital platform firms, the recent decision of the German Federal Court of Justice in the Facebook case and the proposed Digital Market Act have opened new perspectives for dealing with privacy concerns in competition law and regulation.

     

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    hdl: 10419/234868
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Version: 26 February 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Joint discussion paper series in economics ; no. 2021, 14
    Schlagworte: competition law; Facebook; digital platforms; privacy; data protection law
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (34 Seiten), Diagramme
  4. Cross-border issues for digital platforms
    a review of regulations applicable to Philippine digital platforms
    Erschienen: December 2020
    Verlag:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    This Paper identifies certain policy issues in the existing regulatory infrastructure of the Philippines which may prevent digital platforms in the Philippines from innovating and participating in the global digital economy. In brief, these policy... mehr

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    This Paper identifies certain policy issues in the existing regulatory infrastructure of the Philippines which may prevent digital platforms in the Philippines from innovating and participating in the global digital economy. In brief, these policy issues relate to the incoherence between the national innovation strategy of the government and the mishmash of regulations that digital platforms are subjected to. In particular, this relates to investment regulations, regulations on mass media, retail, advertising, logistics, telecommunications, and education. Such landscape has led to a regulatory environment that is unable to provide certainty as to the legality of the activities of Philippine-based digital platforms. There is a plethora of constitutional, statutory, and policy support for innovation, e-commerce, digitization, and entrepreneurship in the Philippines. However, there is a disconnect between these policies and the environment created by the actual implementation of the regulations. After the Introduction, Part II of this Paper will be a brief survey of the relevant laws and regulations relevant to digital platforms. This will focus on the areas of innovation policy, general electronic contracting, payments, consumer protection, data protection, cybercrime, access to funding, and intellectual property. Part III will then discuss the gaps in the laws and regulations vis a vis digital platforms, and Part IV will present how these gaps impact digital platforms. Finally, Part V proposes areas for policy consideration and regulatory review that aims to contribute to the shaping of a coherent and viable regulatory policy for Philippine digital platforms.

     

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    hdl: 10419/241034
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2020, 45 (December 2020)
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; foreign direct investments; internet law; mass media; startups; internet economy; regulatory reform
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten)
  5. Cross-border data regulation for digital platforms
    data privacy and security
    Erschienen: December 2020
    Verlag:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    The rise of digital platforms necessarily entails the processing of personal data between platforms and their users. More than enabling the delivery of services by the platforms, data shared by users has increasingly become valuable as various... mehr

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    The rise of digital platforms necessarily entails the processing of personal data between platforms and their users. More than enabling the delivery of services by the platforms, data shared by users has increasingly become valuable as various businesses are able to leverage their access to data in order to create and upsell other services. Data is increasingly becoming a valuable commodity for platforms. The increase in digital transactions and individuals with access to the internet require the implementation of privacy regulations in order to uphold the privacy rights of individuals while still allowing the flow of data across entities and jurisdictions. However, the ability of platforms to engage in cross-border transactions or operations are affected by the stringent requirements of data protection laws, coupled with the divergent regulations among jurisdictions. Such divergence also serves to weaken the ability of regulations to curb undesirable data processing practices, as platforms may take advantage of jurisdictions with weaker data protection rules in place. The effectivity of data protection mechanisms, which are focused on a consent-based regime, may also have some intended consequences where regulations have allowed platforms to legally exploit data without actually providing greater control to the data subjects themselves. [...]

     

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    hdl: 10419/241036
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2020, 47 (December 2020)
    Schlagworte: data privacy; regulatory reform; digital platforms; data sharing
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)
  6. Understanding the costs and benefits of digital platforms and the implications for policymaking and regulation
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    This paper examines how digital platforms work and reviews their impacts across different sectors. We look at the experience of the Philippines and other countries focusing on e-commerce and ride-hailing/delivery service platforms.... mehr

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    This paper examines how digital platforms work and reviews their impacts across different sectors. We look at the experience of the Philippines and other countries focusing on e-commerce and ride-hailing/delivery service platforms. Government-initiated platforms and applications in agriculture were also discussed. The review of the literature highlights the various positive and negative effects of digital platforms in achieving inclusive and sustainable economic development. The emergence of various digital platforms and the technologies that drive them will continue to shape our economy and society in ways that we cannot yet fully anticipate. How well we manage the risks and exploit the opportunities will largely depend on finding the appropriate role of the government in the platform economy and the quality of regulatory governance.

     

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    hdl: 10419/241041
    Auflage/Ausgabe: (Updated January 2021)
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2020, 52 (December 2020)
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; platform economy; multisided platforms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 34 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Towards measuring the platform economy
    concepts, indicators, and issues
    Erschienen: December 2020
    Verlag:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    As digital platforms provide consumers opportunities to interact with suppliers of goods and services through the internet, these platforms have radically transformed business activities as well as the nature of work. The disruptions from the novel... mehr

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    As digital platforms provide consumers opportunities to interact with suppliers of goods and services through the internet, these platforms have radically transformed business activities as well as the nature of work. The disruptions from the novel corona virus pandemic also show how platforms enable people to cope with disruptions, and to increasingly produce goods and services themselves in some sectors such as transportation services, food and accommodation, and culture and recreational industries. These platforms provide intermediary and sometimes financial services, either implicitly or explicitly, and it is important for policy makers, businesses, and people, in general, have a better sense of the platform economy. National statistical systems, however, hardly give a clear and integrated portrait of the role, nature and size of the platform economy in large part because of measurement issues. In this paper, we define platforms, typologies and related definitions and classifications, describe drivers of value creation and capture in platforms, and discuss policy implications. These frameworks can lead to estimating the turnover, purchases, employment costs and marketing expenditures of platforms (especially those in the sharing economy), as well as the use of online technologies by platform-enabled firms, in comparison with non-platform businesses. We also discuss major challenges in data collection, arising from the cross-border nature of platforms, and the complex activities of platforms. We describe possible approaches for obtaining data and indicators for measuring the (digital) platform economy using existing business and household surveys (especially on ICT use), dedicated surveys, and web-scraping (complemented by ad hoc methods using site usage data). We also discuss albeit briefly some policy implications for the measurement of the platform economy (and the wider digital economy) especially as measurements will allow policy makers, businesses and the public, in general, to better understand the socioeconomic implications of increasing digitalization and the rise of the platform economy.

     

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    hdl: 10419/241017
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2020, 28 (December 2020)
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; platform economy; sharing economy; digital economy; data; indicators
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Essays on trust and reputation portability in digital platform ecosystems
    Autor*in: Hesse, Maik
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin

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    Beteiligt: Teubner, Timm (AkademischeR BetreuerIn); Zarnekow, Rüdiger (AkademischeR BetreuerIn); Lachmann, Maik (AkademischeR BetreuerIn)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Dissertation
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 11303/12879
    Schlagworte: reputation; trust; digital platforms; data portability; digital identity; Reputation; Vertrauen; digitale Plattformen; Datenportabilität; digitale Identität
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 170 Seiten), Illustrationen
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    Dissertation, Technische Universität Berlin, 2021

  9. Transitions from offline to online labor markets
    the relationship between freelancers' prior offline and online work experience
    Erschienen: 12/2021
    Verlag:  ZEW, Mannheim

    An emerging stream of research from various disciplines studies online labor market (OLM) platforms as an alternative way of accomplishing work compared to traditional (offline) labor markets. Although prior work has increased our understanding of... mehr

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    An emerging stream of research from various disciplines studies online labor market (OLM) platforms as an alternative way of accomplishing work compared to traditional (offline) labor markets. Although prior work has increased our understanding of how OLM platforms function, we so far know very little about the relationship between what workers have done before entering the platform and the skill content of their online jobs. However, the question of why workers do the jobs they do in an online context and what drives their decision is fundamental to understanding how these markets function and are used by workers. Using data on 4,771 freelancers working on Upwork.com, the world’s leading freelancing website, we compare the skill content of their online jobs with their last reported offline prior to platform entry. Based on prior work on occupational mobility (Gathmann & Schönberg, 2010) and human capital investments (Becker, 1962), we hypothesize and find that workers with more valuable skillsets adjust their skill portfolios less while working online, i.e. the distance between their offline and online skill portfolio is lower. We further show that being female, coming from an advanced economy and reporting having current offline employment moderates the relationship between skill value and skill distance.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW - Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH ; No. 21-101
    Schlagworte: Online labor markets; gig economy; labor mobility; occupational mobility; human capital; task-based approach; digital platforms; knowledge work
    Umfang: 42 Seiten
  10. Data governance and the regulation of the platform economy
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Banca d'Italia, [Rom]

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    Schriftenreihe: Questioni di economia e finanza / Banca d'Italia ; number 652 (November 2021)
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; data; competition policy; national security; data access; privacy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Transitions from offline to online labor markets
    the relationship between freelancers' prior offline and online work experience
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    An emerging stream of research from various disciplines studies online labor market (OLM) platforms as an alternative way of accomplishing work compared to traditional (offline) labor markets. Although prior work has increased our understanding of... mehr

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    An emerging stream of research from various disciplines studies online labor market (OLM) platforms as an alternative way of accomplishing work compared to traditional (offline) labor markets. Although prior work has increased our understanding of how OLM platforms function, we so far know very little about the relationship between what workers have done before entering the platform and the skill content of their online jobs. However, the question of why workers do the jobs they do in an online context and what drives their decision is fundamental to understanding how these markets function and are used by workers. Using data on 4,771 freelancers working on Upwork.com, the world’s leading freelancing website, we compare the skill content of their online jobs with their last reported offline prior to platform entry. Based on prior work on occupational mobility (Gathmann & Schönberg, 2010) and human capital investments (Becker, 1962), we hypothesize and find that workers with more valuable skillsets adjust their skill portfolios less while working online, i.e. the distance between their offline and online skill portfolio is lower. We further show that being female, coming from an advanced economy and reporting having current offline employment moderates the relationship between skill value and skill distance.

     

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    hdl: 10419/248855
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 21, 101 (12/2021)
    Schlagworte: Online labor markets; gig economy; labor mobility; occupational mobility; human capital; task-based approach; digital platforms; knowledge work
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Big techs in finance
    on the new nexus between data privacy and competition
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Bank for International Settlements, Monetary and Economic Department, [Basel]

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    Schriftenreihe: BIS working papers ; no 970 (October 2021)
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; big techs; finance; dataprivacy; competition
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Towards efficient information sharing in network markets
    Erschienen: 10 November 2021
    Verlag:  Bruegel, Brussels

    Digital platforms facilitate interactions between consumers and merchants that allow collection of profiling information, which drives innovation and welfare. Private incentives, however, lead to information asymmetries resulting in market failures... mehr

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    Digital platforms facilitate interactions between consumers and merchants that allow collection of profiling information, which drives innovation and welfare. Private incentives, however, lead to information asymmetries resulting in market failures both on-platform, among merchants, and off-platform, among competing platforms. This paper develops two product-differentiation models to study private and social incentives to share information within and between platforms. We show that there is scope for ex-ante regulation of mandatory data sharing that improves social welfare better than competing interventions, such as barring entry, break-up, forced divestiture or limiting recommendation steering. These alternate proposals do not make efficient use of information. We argue that the location of data access matters and develop a regulatory framework that introduces a new data right for platform users, the in-situ data right, which is associated with positive welfare gains. By construction, this right enables effective sharing of information together with its context, without reducing the value created by network effects. It also enables regulatory oversight but limits data privacy leakages. We discuss crucial elements of its implementation in order to achieve innovation-friendly and competitive digital markets.

     

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    hdl: 10419/264198
    Schriftenreihe: Bruegel working paper ; 2021, issue 12
    Schlagworte: Information sharing; data rights; digital platforms; market failure; in-situ; algorithms,data portability
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. M&A and early investment decisions by digital platforms
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  BSE, Barcelona School of Economics, [Barcelona]

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    Schriftenreihe: BSE working paper ; 1304 (December 2021)
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; mergers and acquisitions; investment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. The Platform Economy
    Designing a Supranational Legal Framework
    Beteiligt: Inozemtsev, Maxim I. (HerausgeberIn); Sidorenko, Elina L. (HerausgeberIn); Khisamova, Zarina I. (HerausgeberIn)
    Erschienen: 2022.
    Verlag:  Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore ; Imprint: Palgrave Macmillan

    Introduction -- Part 1: The Platform Economy -- Chapter 1: The Rise of Digital Platforms and their Legal Regulation in ESG Perspective -- Chapter 2: Solovtsov A.O. Factors of Development & Success of Digital Platforms -- Chapter 3: Evolution of... mehr

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    Introduction -- Part 1: The Platform Economy -- Chapter 1: The Rise of Digital Platforms and their Legal Regulation in ESG Perspective -- Chapter 2: Solovtsov A.O. Factors of Development & Success of Digital Platforms -- Chapter 3: Evolution of Digital Platforms to Ecosystems: Is the Digital Paradox Real? -- Chapter 4: Digital Platforms: A Challenge for States? -- Chapter 5: Digital Platforms: User Status -- Chapter 6: Sidorenko E.L. Definition of “Digital Platforms” -- Chapter 7: Employment Status of Digital Platform Workers -- Chapter 8: Online Services Platforms: Household Sector Digitalization and Peer-to-peer Transactions in the Russian Economy -- Part 2: Regulating the platform economy -- Chapter 9: Digital Platforms for Cross-border Settlement of CBDC -- Chapter 10: Legal Regulation of Information and Integration Digital Platforms -- Chapter 11: Legal Regulation of Innovation Platforms in Russia Chapter -- 12: Legal Regulation of Training Platforms -- Chapter 13: Legal Regulation of Social Platforms (Network) -- Chapter 14: Digital Platforms and Media-regulatory Framework -- Chapter 15: Towards Payment-centric Model of Global Financial Regulation -- Chapter 16: Platform Solutions for the Digital Justice: Models of Regulation -- Part 3: Solutions to the threats of digital monopolies -- Chapter 17: Features of Sectoral Regulation in the Economy of Platforms -- Chapter 18: Entin M.L., Torkunova E.A., Korogod S.O. Difficult Choice of a Rational Approach to Regulating the Activities of Digital Platforms -- Chapter 19: Panova G.S., Lengyel I. Sector-Specific Regulation: Policy Proposals -- Chapter 20: Osipov V.S., Liu Dun. A Regulatory Toolkit for Competition -- Chapter 21: Grib V.V., Fisichella D., Pietkiewicz M. Antitrust Law on Digital Platforms: Some Remarks on Innovation and Competition in Digital Platforms of the European Union -- Chapter 22: Entin M.L, Entina E.G., Galushko D.V. Cost of Exclusion, a new Measure of Platform Dominance -- Chapter 23: Egorova M.A., Fisichella D., Kozhevina O.V. Platforms and Related Market Competition -- Part 4: Cyber threats related to digital platforms -- Chapter 24: Khisamova Z.I. Addressing Emerging Harm from Scams and Other new Technologies -- Chapter 25: Mironova M.I. Data Gathering and the Problem of Data Privacy -- Chapter 26: Sevalnev V.V., Tsirin A.M. Globalization Using Network Effects Chapter -- 27: Kasyanov R.A., Abaydeldinov E.М., Chugunov D.К. Digitalising the Fuel and Energy Complex in the Post-Soviet Space -- Chapter 28: Khisamova Z.I., Begishev I.R. Implications of Increased Data Collection Chapter -- 29: Sidorenko E.L., von Arx P., Sheveleva S.V. Legal Regulation in the Field of Internet News Using Artificial Intelligence . Digital ecosystems formed on the basis of digital platforms are significantly transforming modern reality. Today it is difficult to imagine life without LinkedIn, Facebook, or Amazon. The total income generated by them is estimated at trillions of dollars. Digital platforms are the main driving force of the digital economy. The impact and growth of digital platforms on social and economic processes today is difficult to overestimate. The pandemic has further deepened their influence on society, as almost all social communication and economic activity has moved to online format on digital platforms. The growth of the share of digital platforms in various segments of the economy was so rapid that regulators around the world were not ready for such large-scale transformations. All this has caused a number of crisis phenomena, when IT giants have grown into an independent branch of “power”, which has direct access to the personal and financial data of millions of citizens, and moreover, have the opportunity to directly influence them. This monograph is a unique publication in which, for the first time, a large-scale and sufficiently deep team of experts and scientists from various countries of the world studied in detail the multidimensional phenomenon of the “platform economy” and the measures taken by states to regulate these processes. The book will be interesting to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of the development of digital platforms and the developing branch of law and science – the law of digital platforms. Maxim I. Inozemtsev is Ph.D. in Law, Associate Professor of the Department of Private International and Civil Law, Head of Dissertation Council Department, MGIMO-University. Dr. Inozemtsev is also the Editor-in-Chief of the Digital Law Journal and a Member of the European Association of Science Editors. He has worked at MGIMO-University giving lectures on Corporate Law of Foreign Countries, Civil Law and International Private Law. Dr. Inozemtsev also worked as an Associate for Baker McKenzie. Elina L. Sidorenko is Dr. Sci. in Law, Professor, the Head of the Center for Digital Economy and Financial Innovation, Academic Supervisor of the Digital Lawyer Master’s Program and Professor at the Department of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure at MGIMO-University. She is the CEO of a digital platform for working with entrepreneurs' requests. She is also an official expert of GRECO. She is the author of more than 250 scientific and educational works. Zarina I. Khisamova is Ph.D. in Law, specialist in criminal law and criminology, digital law and intersectoral relations in the digital economy, lecturer of Contract Law in the Digital Economy at MGIMO-University. Actively engaged in digital topics in the expert field.

     

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    Beteiligt: Inozemtsev, Maxim I. (HerausgeberIn); Sidorenko, Elina L. (HerausgeberIn); Khisamova, Zarina I. (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789811932427
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    Schriftenreihe: Springer eBook Collection
    Schlagworte: Law and economics.; Economics.; Digital humanities.; digital platforms; responsibility; digitalization; digital economy; regulation; digital law
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (XXIX, 455 p. 6 illus., 4 illus. in color.)
  16. Les travailleurs des plateformes numériques de transport de personnes et de livraison de repas au Québec
    profil et motivations
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  CIRANO, [Montréal]

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    Schriftenreihe: Cahier scientifique / CIRANO ; 2022s, 15
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; Uber; Quebec; platform workers; statistical portrait; youth; work motivations; non-standard employment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten)
  17. Prices and mergers in a general model of multi-sided markets
    Erschienen: December 2023
    Verlag:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    We present a general and tractable oligopoly model of multi-sided platforms with endogenous side and platform choices of heterogeneous end-users, considering any mix of single-homing and multi-homing platforms and in which participating on one side... mehr

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    We present a general and tractable oligopoly model of multi-sided platforms with endogenous side and platform choices of heterogeneous end-users, considering any mix of single-homing and multi-homing platforms and in which participating on one side could preclude doing so on others. We show the existence of a unique equilibrium number of end-users and characterize optimal platform pricing. Using the equilibrium conditions, we formally derive (across sides and platforms) switching effects that distort optimal pricing, which can lead to markups exceeding the Lerner index and rule out the classical "cross-subsidization" result. We then provide a unifying framework to analyze multi-sided platform mergers, which rationalizes mixed results from the previous literature by providing, based on the switching effects, a set of conditions that predict the upward pricing pressure post-merger. We show that while optimal pricing is determined by the nature of end-users' side choices, their platform choices are crucial for merger analysis.

     

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    hdl: 10419/282506
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working papers ; 10818 (2023)
    Schlagworte: multi-sided markets; heterogeneous end-users; endogenous side choice; mergers of platforms; digital platforms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten)
  18. Platform competition and information sharing
    Erschienen: September 2023
    Verlag:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    Digital platforms, empowered by artificial intelligence algorithms, facilitate efficient interactions between consumers and merchants that allow the collection of profiling information which drives innovation and welfare. Private incentives, however,... mehr

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    Digital platforms, empowered by artificial intelligence algorithms, facilitate efficient interactions between consumers and merchants that allow the collection of profiling information which drives innovation and welfare. Private incentives, however, lead to information asymmetries resulting in market failures. This paper develops a product differentiation model of competition between two platforms to study private and social incentives to share information. Sharing information can be welfare-enhancing because it solves the data bottleneck market failure. Our findings imply that there is scope for the introduction of a mandatory information sharing mechanism from big tech to their competitors that help the latter to improve their network value proposition and become more competitive in the market. The price of information in this sharing mechanism matters. We show that price regulation over information sharing like the one applied in the EU jurisdiction increases the incentives of big platforms to collect and analyze more data. It has ambiguous effects on their competitors that depend on the exact relationship between information and network value.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working papers ; 10663 (2023)
    Schlagworte: information sharing; digital platforms; data bottleneck; data portability
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Destructive digital entrepreneurship
    Autor*in: Naudé, Wim
    Erschienen: September 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper provides a selective overview of destructive digital entrepreneurship. The concept is defined and elaborated in the context of the digital revolution post World War II. It is pointed out that the digital revolution was captured by the... mehr

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    This paper provides a selective overview of destructive digital entrepreneurship. The concept is defined and elaborated in the context of the digital revolution post World War II. It is pointed out that the digital revolution was captured by the corporate sector: the incentives for unproductive and destructive entrepreneurship to subvert the digital revolution, was just too strong. Ten subsequent digital dystopias - adverse outcomes resulting from destructive digital entrepreneurship - are discussed. These are digital platform capitalism, tech exceptionalism, the surveillance state, the digital poorhouse, digital divides, the loss of sense-making, digital addiction, digital depression, cybercrime, and awful AI. The paper concludes by exploring how institutional and regulatory frameworks can best reduce the risks from destructive digital entrepreneurship.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16483
    Schlagworte: digital entrepreneurship; digitalization; dystopia; institutions; surveillance state; digital platforms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Plataformização do mercado audiovisual
    a indústria de streaming de vídeo no Brasil
    Erschienen: outubro de 2023
    Verlag:  Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada, Brasília

    This Discussion Paper provides empirical evidences of the phenomenon of "platformization" in the audiovisual video market. This is made possible by mapping the companies that control video streaming platforms around the world, using data from... mehr

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    This Discussion Paper provides empirical evidences of the phenomenon of "platformization" in the audiovisual video market. This is made possible by mapping the companies that control video streaming platforms around the world, using data from Crunchbase. Identifying these companies makes it possible to affirm that the audiovisual video market has not remained oblivious to the phenomenon of platformization, which began around 2010. The proposed mapping also shows a notable concentration of platforms in the global North, especially in the United States, with California playing a leading role, home to most of the companies in this market. In addition to recognizing the concentration of platforms in the global North, the Discussion Paper shows that countries in the global South, such as India, also play a leading role. Brazil, although dominated by foreign video streaming platforms, has important domestic platforms, but they are far from becoming real threats to the dominance of Netflix or Amazon Prime Video.

     

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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Ipea ; 2929
    Schlagworte: digital platforms; platformization; video streaming; Crunchbase
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Digitalisation and labour markets in developing countries
    Erschienen: June 2023
    Verlag:  German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA), Hamburg, Germany

    Digitalisation has a major impact on labour markets in developing countries. While Internet access expands, digital platforms proliferate and "gig-work" is performed in the Global South, access to and use of digital technologies remains far from... mehr

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    Digitalisation has a major impact on labour markets in developing countries. While Internet access expands, digital platforms proliferate and "gig-work" is performed in the Global South, access to and use of digital technologies remains far from universal. As the scope and speed of digitalisation vary across countries and "context matters". The present study reviews the evidence on the effects that selected key aspects of digitalisation on labour markets in developing economies with a focus on digital platforms. Although several studies find considerable effects regarding the employment impacts of digital infrastructures, the evidence on the impacts of digital platforms remains relatively patchy. For example, while transaction data from global online labour platforms demonstrate the important role of the Global South as a supplier on online platforms, we know very little about the extent of work on location-based online platforms. We discuss digital skills to harness digitalisation gains and identify several evidence gaps.

     

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    hdl: 10419/272227
    Schriftenreihe: GIGA working papers ; no 335
    GIGA research programme: globalisation and development
    Schlagworte: Wirkung; Auswirkung; Arbeitsmarkt; Beschäftigung; Arbeit; Potenzial; Entwicklung; Tendenz; Digitalisation; labour markets; employment; digital platforms; digital skills
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Diagramme, Illustrationen
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    Literaturverzeichnis Seite 50-57, Literaturhinweise

  22. The extent of innovation in Philippine business and industry
    results of the 2021 PIDS Survey of Innovation Activities
    Erschienen: July 2023
    Verlag:  Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines

    The Oslo Manual, following ideas of Schumpeter, defines innovation as "the implementation of a new or significantly improved product (good or service), or process, a new marketing method, or a new organizational method in business practices,... mehr

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    The Oslo Manual, following ideas of Schumpeter, defines innovation as "the implementation of a new or significantly improved product (good or service), or process, a new marketing method, or a new organizational method in business practices, workplace organization or external relations". With the advent of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (FIRe), governments have become even more cognizant of innovation as a major driver of economic performance, from output, to productivity, and to competitiveness. The Philippine government acknowledges its role in establishing and maintaining a conducive policy environment to encourage innovation and support the country's innovation ecosystem. Examining innovation and its relation to economic growth, the study involves the conduct and analysis of the 2021 PIDS Survey of Innovation Activities (PSIA). Unlike the first PSIA undertaken in 2015, and a pilot of the survey conducted in 2009, the 2021 PSIA provides a nationally representative reading of the entire Philippine business and industry. The survey suggests that as of 2021, a third (33.6%) of firms are innovation active, with innovation practiced more among medium and large establishments than micro- and small ones. Further, innovation is much more prevalent in Mindanao among major islands, and in ICT firms (and least in Agriculture). Aside from information on innovation activities, data on the use of digital platforms by Philippine businesses was also gathered in the 2021 PSA, in recognition of the expanding markets arising from rising digitalization and more rapid use of internet, even by micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The survey results of the 2021 PSIA are expected to be inputs on how government can be more successful in mainstreaming innovation in the country.

     

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    hdl: 10419/284610
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Philippine Institute for Development Studies ; no. 2023, 11 (July 2023)
    Schlagworte: innovation; product innovation; process innovation; organizational innovation; marketing innovation; micro; small and medium enterprises (MSMEs); Fourth Industrial Revolution; platform economy; digital platforms
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 72 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Career concerns as public good the role of signaling for open source software development
    Erschienen: January 2024
    Verlag:  ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    Much of today's software relies on programming code shared openly online. Yet, it is unclear why volunteer developers contribute to open-source software (OSS), a public good. We study OSS contributions of some 22,900 developers worldwide on the... mehr

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    Much of today's software relies on programming code shared openly online. Yet, it is unclear why volunteer developers contribute to open-source software (OSS), a public good. We study OSS contributions of some 22,900 developers worldwide on the largest online code repository platform, GitHub, and find evidence in favor of career concerns as a motivating factor to contribute. Our difference-in-differences model leverages time differences in incentives for labor market signaling across users to causally identify OSS activity driven by career concerns. We observe OSS activity of users who move for a job to be elevated by about 16% in the job search period compared to users who relocate for other reasons. This increase is mainly driven by contributions to projects that increase external visibility of existing works, are written in programming languages that are highly valued in the labor market, but have a lower direct use-value for the community. A sizable extensive margin shows signaling incentives motivate first-time OSS contributions. Our findings suggest that signaling incentives on private labor markets have sizable positive externalities through public good creation in open-source communities, but these contributions are targeted less to community needs and more to their signal value.

     

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    hdl: 10419/282189
    Schriftenreihe: Ifo working papers ; 405 (2024)
    Schlagworte: software; knowledge work; digital platforms; signaling; open source; job search
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Blurring boundaries
    an analysis of the digital platforms-military nexus
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Sapienza università di Roma, Roma

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics and Law, Sapienza University of Rome ; no. 244 (December 2023)
    Schlagworte: Monopoly capital; imperialism; war; nation-states; digital platforms; military industry
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Career concerns as public good
    the role of signaling for open source software development
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, [München]

    Much of today’s software relies on programming code shared openly online. Yet, it is unclear why volunteer developers contribute to open-source software (OSS), a public good. We study OSS contributions of some 22,900 developers worldwide on the... mehr

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    Much of today’s software relies on programming code shared openly online. Yet, it is unclear why volunteer developers contribute to open-source software (OSS), a public good. We study OSS contributions of some 22,900 developers worldwide on the largest online code repository platform, GitHub, and find evidence in favor of career concerns as a motivating factor to contribute. Our difference-in-differences model leverages time differences in incentives for labor market signaling across users to causally identify OSS activity driven by career concerns. We observe OSS activity of users who move for a job to be elevated by about 16% in the job search period compared to users who relocate for other reasons. This increase is mainly driven by contributions to projects that increase external visibility of existing works, are written in programming languages that are highly valued in the labor market, but have a lower direct use-value for the community. A sizable extensive margin shows signaling incentives motivate first-time OSS contributions. Our findings suggest that signaling incentives on private labor markets have sizable positive externalities through public good creation in open-source communities, but these contributions are targeted less to community needs and more to their signal value.

     

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    hdl: 10419/282144
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 453 (November 15, 2023)
    Schlagworte: software; knowledge work; digital platforms; signaling; open source; job search
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 49 Seiten), Illustrationen