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  1. Is digital financial inclusion unlocking growth?
    Autor*in: Khera, Purva; Ng, Stephanie; Ogawa, Sumiko; Sahay, Ratna
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    Digital financial services have been a key driver of financial inclusion in recent years. While there is evidence that financial inclusion through traditional services has a positive impact on economic growth, do the same results carry over for... mehr

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    Digital financial services have been a key driver of financial inclusion in recent years. While there is evidence that financial inclusion through traditional services has a positive impact on economic growth, do the same results carry over for digital financial inclusion? What drives digital financial inclusion? Why does it advance more in some countries but not in others? Using new indices of financial inclusion developed in Khera et. al. (2021), this paper addresses these questions for 52 developing countries. Using cross-sectional instrument variable procedure, we find that the exogenous component of digital financial inclusion is positively associated with growth in GDP per capita during 2011-2018, which suggests that digital financial inclusion can accelerate economic growth. Fractional logit and random effects empirical estimation identifies access to infrastructure, financial and digital literacy, and quality of institutions as key drivers of digital financial inclusion. These findings are then used to help inform policy recommendations in areas related to the digitization of financial services to promote financial inclusion

     
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    ISBN: 9781513584669
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    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 167
    Schlagworte: Fintech; digital financial services; financial inclusion; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Foreign Exchange; Informal Economy; Monetary Systems; Underground Econom
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Fintech and financial inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean
    Autor*in: Gershenson, Dmitry; Herrera, Luis; Lambert, Frederic; Ramos, Grey; Rousset, Marina; Torres, Jose
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    Despite some improvement since 2011, Latin America and the Caribbean continue to lag behind other regions in terms of financial inclusion. There is no clear evidence that fintech developments have supported greater financial inclusion in LAC,... mehr

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    Despite some improvement since 2011, Latin America and the Caribbean continue to lag behind other regions in terms of financial inclusion. There is no clear evidence that fintech developments have supported greater financial inclusion in LAC, contrary to what has been observed elsewhere in the world. Case studies by national policy experts suggest that barriers to entry in the financial sector, along with a constraining regulatory environment, may have hindered a faster adoption of fintech. However, fintech development seems to have accelerated in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and with the support of recent policy initiatives

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    ISBN: 9781513592237
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 221
    Schlagworte: Financial inclusion; digital financial services; fintech; Latin America; Economywide Country Studies; Financial Institutions and Services; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Monetary Systems
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Enablers, barriers and impacts of digital financial services
    insights from an evidence gap map and implications for taxation
    Autor*in: Mader, Philip; Duvendack, Maren; Lees, Adrienne; Larquemin, Aurelie; Macdonald, Keir
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781781189948
    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 142
    Schlagworte: digital financial services; mobile money; taxation; evidence gap map; sub-Saharan Africa
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Supply-side innovations to increase equitable access to digital financial services
    experimental evidence from Mozambique
    Autor*in: Karra, Mahesh; Hernandez, Mindy; Brennan, Catherine; McConnell, Margaret Mary
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Boston University - Department of Economics, [Boston, MA]

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    Schriftenreihe: [IED working papers] ; 374
    Schlagworte: mobile money; digital financial services; M-Pesa; gender; financial inclusion; Mozambique
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Financial inclusion, mobile money and regulatory architecture
    Autor*in: Metzger, Martina; Were, Maureen; Pédussel Wu, Jennifer
    Erschienen: December 2022
    Verlag:  Berlin School of Economics and Law, Institute for International Political Economy Berlin, Berlin

    This paper discusses first the role of mobile money accounts to enhance financial inclusion towards vulnerable groups in developing countries in the light of recent empirical evidence. Second, we explore the role of regulation to address risks to... mehr

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    This paper discusses first the role of mobile money accounts to enhance financial inclusion towards vulnerable groups in developing countries in the light of recent empirical evidence. Second, we explore the role of regulation to address risks to consumers and the financial system arising from the use of mobile money accounts, a question which has not been thoroughly addressed in the literature. Although financial inclusion via mobile money accounts is increasing, the outreach to particular disadvantaged and poor groups is still limited. However, remittances and G2P payments might develop into game changers for financial inclusion of poor and vulnerable households. Many countries from Sub-Saharan Africa are outperformers in terms of use of mobile money accounts in comparison to developing countries in other regions. Strikingly, the empirical evidence suggests that the regulatory landscape was of strategic importance to unleash the developmental potential of mobile money networks and the crowding-in of formerly unbanked households. Regulation on consumer protection particularly is of strategic relevance for the lasting acceptance and smooth operation of mobile money services and sharing the benefits with disadvantaged and poor households. A lack of effective and convincing consumer safeguards in place could diminish the trust in mobile money services and subsequently their acceptance and use. As mobile money services involve similar risks as traditional banking services, similar rules should apply. In addition, there are risks arising from the particular technology for mobile money account holders and institutions of the financial sector, including DFS providers. To these risks belong hysteresis effects to the disadvantage of poor households due to the use of alternative data and biased algorithms as well as displacement effects in local traditional and digital financial services due to BigTech.

     
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    hdl: 10419/268263
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Institute for International Political Economy Berlin ; no. 202 (2022)
    Schlagworte: Mobile money; financial inclusion; regulation; consumer protection; digital financial services; Big Data; Sub-Saharan Africa
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Technology and tax
    adoption and impacts of e-services in rwanda
    Autor*in: Santoro, Fabrizio; Lees, Adrienne; Carreras, Marco; Mukamana, Theonille; Hakizimana, Naphtal; Nsengiyumva, Yves
    Erschienen: January 2023
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781804700808
    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 153
    Schlagworte: technology; tax compliance; tax administration; digital financial services
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. An introduction to digital tax payment systems in low- and middle-income countries
    Autor*in: Arewa, Moyosore; Santoro, Fabrizio
    Erschienen: November 2022
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781804700556
    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 152
    Schlagworte: tax compliance; digitalisation; digital financial services
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Mobile money taxation and informal workers
    evidence from Ghana's e-levy
    Autor*in: Anyidoho, Nana Akua; Gallien, Max; Rogan, Mike; Boogaard, Vanessa van den
    Erschienen: September 2022
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781804700334
    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 146
    Schlagworte: taxation; digital financial services; mobile money; informality; Ghana
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Should governments tax digital financial services?
    a research agenda to understand sector-specific taxes on DFS
    Autor*in: Muñoz, Laura; Mascagni, Giulia; Prichard, Wilson; Santoro, Fabrizio
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781781189146
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    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 136
    Schlagworte: tax compliance; tax administration; digital financial services; digital IDs
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 20 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Can you spot a scam?
    measuring and improving scam identification ability
    Autor*in: Kubilay, Elif; Raiber, Eva; Spantig, Lisa; Cahlíková, Jana; Kaaria, Lucy
    Erschienen: January 2023
    Verlag:  CESifo, Munich, Germany

    The recent expansion of digital financial products leads to severe consumer protection issues such as fraud and scams. As these potentially decrease trust in digital services, especially in developing countries, avoiding victimization has become an... mehr

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    The recent expansion of digital financial products leads to severe consumer protection issues such as fraud and scams. As these potentially decrease trust in digital services, especially in developing countries, avoiding victimization has become an important policy objective. In an online experiment, we first investigate how well individuals in Kenya identify phone scams using a novel measure of scam identification ability. We then test the effectiveness of scam education, a commonly used approach by banks and institutions for fraud and scam prevention. We find that common tips on how to spot scams do not significantly improve individuals' scam identification ability, i.e., the distinction of scams from genuine messages. This null effect is driven by an increase in correctly identified scams and a decrease in correctly identified genuine messages. We interpret this as an increase in caution. In addition, we find suggestive evidence that genuine messages which contain scam-like features are more likely to be misclassified, highlighting the importance of a careful design of official communication.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working papers ; 10239 (2023)
    Schlagworte: consumer protection; consumer fraud; digital financial services; scam susceptibility; scam education; Kenya
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Can you spot a scam?
    measuring and improving scam identification ability
    Autor*in: Kubilay, Elif; Raiber, Eva; Spantig, Lisa; Cahlíková, Jana; Kaaria, Lucy
    Erschienen: 23 January 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17836
    Schlagworte: Consumer protection; consumer fraud; digital financial services; scam susceptibility; scam education; Kenya
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Is digital financial inclusion unlocking growth?
    Autor*in: Khera, Purva; Ng, Stephanie; Ogawa, Sumiko; Sahay, Ratna
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    Digital financial services have been a key driver of financial inclusion in recent years. While there is evidence that financial inclusion through traditional services has a positive impact on economic growth, do the same results carry over for... mehr

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    Digital financial services have been a key driver of financial inclusion in recent years. While there is evidence that financial inclusion through traditional services has a positive impact on economic growth, do the same results carry over for digital financial inclusion? What drives digital financial inclusion? Why does it advance more in some countries but not in others? Using new indices of financial inclusion developed in Khera et. al. (2021), this paper addresses these questions for 52 developing countries. Using cross-sectional instrument variable procedure, we find that the exogenous component of digital financial inclusion is positively associated with growth in GDP per capita during 2011-2018, which suggests that digital financial inclusion can accelerate economic growth. Fractional logit and random effects empirical estimation identifies access to infrastructure, financial and digital literacy, and quality of institutions as key drivers of digital financial inclusion. These findings are then used to help inform policy recommendations in areas related to the digitization of financial services to promote financial inclusion

     
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    ISBN: 9781513584669
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    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 167
    Schlagworte: Fintech; digital financial services; financial inclusion; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Foreign Exchange; Informal Economy; Monetary Systems; Underground Econom
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Fintech and financial inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean
    Autor*in: Gershenson, Dmitry; Herrera, Luis; Lambert, Frederic; Ramos, Grey; Rousset, Marina; Torres, Jose
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    Despite some improvement since 2011, Latin America and the Caribbean continue to lag behind other regions in terms of financial inclusion. There is no clear evidence that fintech developments have supported greater financial inclusion in LAC,... mehr

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    Despite some improvement since 2011, Latin America and the Caribbean continue to lag behind other regions in terms of financial inclusion. There is no clear evidence that fintech developments have supported greater financial inclusion in LAC, contrary to what has been observed elsewhere in the world. Case studies by national policy experts suggest that barriers to entry in the financial sector, along with a constraining regulatory environment, may have hindered a faster adoption of fintech. However, fintech development seems to have accelerated in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic and with the support of recent policy initiatives

     
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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    ISBN: 9781513592237
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    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 221
    Schlagworte: Financial inclusion; digital financial services; fintech; Latin America; Economywide Country Studies; Financial Institutions and Services; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Monetary Systems
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 77 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Taxing mobile money in Kenya
    impact on financial inclusion
    Autor*in: Diouf, Awa; Carreras, Marco; Santoro, Fabrizio
    Erschienen: June 2023
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ISBN: 9781804701218
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    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 168
    Schlagworte: digital financial services; mobile money; tax policy in Africa; financial inclusion; Kenya
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Are digital and traditional financial services taxed the same?
    a comprehensive assessment of tax policies in nine african countries
    Autor*in: Niesten, Hannelore
    Erschienen: April 2023
    Verlag:  The International Centre for Tax and Development at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781804701089
    Schriftenreihe: ICTD working paper ; 162
    Schlagworte: digital financial services; mobile money; taxation; banking services; fintechs; cross-country analysis
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 94 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Unintended consequences of business digitalization among MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic
    the case of Indonesia
    Autor*in: Oikawa, Keita; Iwasaki, Fusanori; Sawada, Yasuyuki; Shinozaki, Shigehiro
    Erschienen: 2024
    Verlag:  Asian Development Bank, Metro Manila, Philippines

    The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted businesses, economies, and societies worldwide. This study employs unique data from Indonesia to investigate whether and how digitalization of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs)... mehr

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    The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted businesses, economies, and societies worldwide. This study employs unique data from Indonesia to investigate whether and how digitalization of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) helped them weather the adverse shocks from the pandemic and resulting lockdowns. The main empirical result is that, in the pandemic's early phases, digitalized MSMEs disproportionately encountered negative effects on their business outcomes. The seemingly harmful elements of digitalization disappeared during later stages. Moreover, COVID-19 restrictions initially had a "positive" impact on the business environment. This is counterintuitive. But when considering the panic buying at the onset of restrictions and large share held by the essential sector in our dataset, particularly the wholesale and retail sectors, the positive impact from the restrictions is not unreasonable. These findings suggest that the digital transformation had not yet been stably established among MSMEs by the start of the pandemic. Our findings provide critical implications for industrial and competition policies related to MSMEs during the COVID-19 recovery process.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: ADB economics working paper series ; no. 725 (May 2024)
    Schlagworte: digitalization; digital financial services; access to finance; SME development; SME policy; Indonesia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)
  17. The Russian invasion of Ukraine and its impact on digitalized small firms in Central and West Asia
    evidence from rapid surveys
    Autor*in: Shinozaki, Shigehiro
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Asian Development Bank Institute, Tokyo, Japan

    The Russian invasion of Ukraine disrupted a V-shaped economic post-pandemic recovery in Central and West Asia. It affected global supply chains and slowed the region's growth momentum while adding inflationary pressures. Private businesses were... mehr

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    The Russian invasion of Ukraine disrupted a V-shaped economic post-pandemic recovery in Central and West Asia. It affected global supply chains and slowed the region's growth momentum while adding inflationary pressures. Private businesses were adversely affected by the impact of the invasion and global sanctions against the Russian Federation, with the effects being more pronounced for micro- and small firms. As the pandemic helped create a base of digitalized firms, this paper discusses how business digitalization-and the use of digital finance-affected the operations of small firms as the impact of the invasion began to be felt. It uses a linear probability regression based on rapid business surveys conducted in seven Central and West Asian countries-Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. The results show that digitalization has yet to allow small firms to take full advantage of the opportunities it offers for more efficient business operations. Digital finance has yet to be well accepted and used by small businesses, even those already digitalized. Micro- and small firms already digitalized can be split into two groups: those maximizing business opportunities and those suffering from global sanctions. Based on the analysis, the paper suggests four policy implications that can help promote business digitalization of small firms across the region.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: ADBI working paper series ; no. 1369 (April 2023)
    Schlagworte: Russian invasion of Ukraine; digitalization; digital financial services; access to finance; SME development; SME policy; Central and West Asia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 45 Seiten), Illustrationen