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  1. The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and subjective well-being of workers: an event study based on high-frequency panel data
    Autor*in: Schmidtke, Julia; Hetschko, Clemens; Schöb, Ronnie; Stephan, Gesine; Eid, Michael; Lawes, Mario
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Using individual monthly panel data from December 2018 to December 2020, we estimate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and two lockdowns on the mental health and subjective well-being of German workers. Employing an event-study design using... mehr

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    Using individual monthly panel data from December 2018 to December 2020, we estimate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and two lockdowns on the mental health and subjective well-being of German workers. Employing an event-study design using individual-specific fixed effects, we find that the first and the second wave of the pandemic reduced workers' mental health substantially. Momentary happiness and life satisfaction also decline in response to Covid-19, but to a smaller extent. We observe adapation in our study outcomes between waves of the pandemic. This applies to a lesser extent to indicators of well-being in certain areas of life, such as satisfaction with the job and with leisure, which are negatively affected, too. Women do not seem to suffer greater well-being losses than men. However, workers in the German short-time work scheme are particularly negatively affected. Our results imply that increased anxiety about the future and restricted personal freedoms are among the drivers of the well-being impact of the pandemic.

     
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    hdl: 10419/245689
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14638
    Schlagworte: Covid-19; life satisfaction; depression; affective well-being; app-based survey data; German Job Search Panel
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 68 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Support from grandparents and mothers' depression around the time of separation
    Autor*in: Metsä-Simola, Niina; Baranowska-Rataj, Anna; Remes, Hanna; Kühn, Mine; Martikainen, Pekka
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany

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    Schriftenreihe: MPIDR working paper ; WP 2021, 020 (October 2021)
    Schlagworte: Separation; depression; mothers; grandparents; social support
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. The effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the mental health and subjective wellbeing of workers: an event study based on high-frequency panel data
    Autor*in: Schmidtke, Julia; Hetschko, Clemens; Schöb, Ronnie; Stephan, Gesine; Eid, Michael; Lawes, Mario
    Erschienen: 13 October 2021
    Verlag:  Institute for Employment Research of the Federal Employment Agency, Nürnberg

    Der Beitrag untersucht die Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie und zweier Lockdowns auf die psychische Gesundheit und das subjektive Wohlbefinden von Beschäftigten in Deutschland. Hierzu wird mit Daten eines monatlichen Panels von Individualdaten von... mehr

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    Der Beitrag untersucht die Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie und zweier Lockdowns auf die psychische Gesundheit und das subjektive Wohlbefinden von Beschäftigten in Deutschland. Hierzu wird mit Daten eines monatlichen Panels von Individualdaten von Dezember 2018 bis Dezember 2020 ein Event-Study-Design mit individualspezifischen Fixeffekten geschätzt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die erste und die zweite Welle der Pandemie die psychische Gesundheit von Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmern erheblich reduziert hat. Auch das momentane Glücksempfinden und die Lebenszufriedenheit nehmen als Reaktion auf Covid-19 ab, jedoch in geringerem Maße. Dabei ist zwischen den Wellen der Pandemie Adaption zu beobachten. Dies gilt in geringerem Maße für Indikatoren des Wohlbefindens in bestimmten Lebensbereichen, wie die Zufriedenheit mit der Arbeit und mit der Freizeit, die ebenfalls negativ beeinflusst werden. Frauen scheinen keine größeren Verluste an Wohlbefinden zu erleiden als Männer. Beschäftigte in Kurzarbeit sind jedoch besonders stark betroffen. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass größere Sorgen in Bezug auf die Zukunft und eingeschränkte persönliche Freiheiten zu den Treibern für die Auswirkungen der Pandemie auf das Wohlbefinden gehören. Using individual monthly panel data from December 2018 to December 2020, we estimate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic and two lockdowns on the mental health and subjective well-being of German workers. Employing an event-study design using individual-specific fixed effects, we find that the first and the second wave of the pandemic reduced workers' mental health substantially. Momentary happiness and life satisfaction also decline in response to Covid-19, but to a smaller extent. We observe adaptation in our study outcomes between waves of the pandemic. This applies to a lesser extent to indicators of well-being in certain areas of life, such as satisfaction with the job and with leisure, which are negatively affected, too. Women do not seem to suffer greater well-being losses than men. However, workers in the German short-time work scheme are particularly negatively affected. Our results imply that increased anxiety about the future and restricted personal freedoms are among the drivers of the well-being impact of the pandemic.

     
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    hdl: 10419/246263
    Schriftenreihe: IAB-discussion paper ; 2021, 13
    Schlagworte: Affective well-being; app-based survey data; Covid-19 pandemic; depression; German Job Search Panel; life satisfaction
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Beschäftigungsstrukturen und Potenziale der Bioökonomie in den deutschen Braunkohlerevieren
    Autor*in: Brödner, Romy; Graffenberger, Martin; Kropp, Per; Sujata, Uwe
    Erschienen: 25. Oktober 2021
    Verlag:  Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung der Bundesagentur für Arbeit, Nürnberg

    Der im Rahmen des Kohleausstiegs bevorstehende Strukturwandel in der Lausitz, in Mitteldeutschland und dem Rheinland bietet die Chance, attraktive bioökonomische Wirtschaftsstandorte zu entwickeln. Die vorliegende Studie analysiert hierzu den Status... mehr

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    Der im Rahmen des Kohleausstiegs bevorstehende Strukturwandel in der Lausitz, in Mitteldeutschland und dem Rheinland bietet die Chance, attraktive bioökonomische Wirtschaftsstandorte zu entwickeln. Die vorliegende Studie analysiert hierzu den Status quo und die Entwicklung der Bioökonomie in den drei noch aktiven deutschen Braunkohlerevieren. Dabei werden die Beschäftigungsstrukturen der Bioökonomie ausgewertet und regionale Potenzialbranchen der Bioökonomie identifiziert. Insgesamt können ca. ein Zehntel aller Beschäftigten in den Revieren direkt der Bioökonomie zugeordnet werden. Die Beschäftigung innerhalb der Bioökonomie hat sich in den letzten Jahren dynamisch entwickelt. Der Anteil der Fachkräfte, u. a. mit industriellen und technischen Bezügen, ist in der Bioökonomie vergleichsweise hoch. Dadurch ergeben sich in den Regionen grundsätzlich auch Anschlussmöglichkeiten für Beschäftigte der Kohleindustrie. Ferner lassen die identifizierten Potenzialbranchen bereits auf eine ausgewogene bioökonomische Grundstruktur in den Revieren schließen. Entsprechend kann die strategische und an den regionalen Bedarfen orientierte Förderung der Bioökonomie die Innovations- und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der Regionen stärken, Arbeitsplätze sichern/schaffen und insgesamt zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beitragen. The upcoming structural change in Lusatia, Central Germany and the Rhineland in the context of the coal phase-out offers the opportunity to develop attractive, bioeconomic business locations. This study analyzes the status quo and the development of the bioeconomy in the three active German lignite mining regions. The employment structures of the bioeconomy are evaluated and regional bioeconomy industries with specific potential are identified. Overall, about 10 percent of all employees in the regions can be directly attributed to the bioeconomy. Employment within the bioeconomy has developed dynamically in recent years. The proportion of skilled workers, including those with industrial and technical backgrounds, is comparatively high in the bioeconomy. Hence, opportunities for qualified employees of the coal industry also exist within the developing bioeconomy. Furthermore, the identified bioeconomy industries already indicate a balanced structure of the bioeconomic in the regions. Accordingly, a regionally sensitive, strategic promotion of the bioeconomy can strengthen innovation capacity and competitiveness of the regions, secure/generate employment and generally contribute to sustainable development.

     
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    hdl: 10419/246264
    Schriftenreihe: IAB-discussion paper ; 2021, 14
    Schlagworte: Affective well-being; app-based survey data; Covid-19 pandemic; depression; German Job Search Panel; life satisfaction
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Adverse working conditions and immigrants' physical health and depression outcomes: a longitudinal study in Greece
    Autor*in: Drydakis, Nick
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The study examines whether adverse working conditions for immigrants in Greece bear an association with deteriorated physical health and increased levels of depression during 2018 and 2019. Findings indicate that workers with no written contract of... mehr

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    The study examines whether adverse working conditions for immigrants in Greece bear an association with deteriorated physical health and increased levels of depression during 2018 and 2019. Findings indicate that workers with no written contract of employment, receiving hourly wages lower than the national hourly minimum wages, and experiencing insults and/or threats in their present job experience worse physical health and increased levels of depression. The study found that the inexistence of workplace contracts, underpayment, and verbal abuse in the workplace may coexist. An increased risk of underpayment and verbal abuse reveals itself when workers do not have a contract of employment and vice versa. Immigrant workers without a job contract might experience a high degree of workplace precariousness and exclusion from health benefits and insurance. Immigrant workers receiving a wage lower than the corresponding minimum potentially do not secure a living income, resulting in unmet needs and low investments in health. Workplace abuse might correspond with vulnerability related to humiliating treatment. These conditions can negatively impact workers' physical health and foster depression. Policies should promote written employment contracts and ensure a mechanism for workers to register violations of fair practices.

     
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    hdl: 10419/245751
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14700
    Schlagworte: adverse working conditions; physical health; depression; immigrants; refugees; minimum wages; written contracts of employment; threats in job; workplace precariousness
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Dark passage
    mental health consequences of parental death
    Autor*in: Böckerman, Petri; Haapanen, Mika; Jepsen, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Geary Institute, University College Dublin, [Dublin]

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    Schriftenreihe: UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy discussion paper series ; Geary WP2021, 07 (May 17, 2021)
    Schlagworte: parental death; mental health; hospitalization; depression; labor market
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Side Effects of Labor Market Policies
    Autor*in: Caliendo, Marco; Mahlstedt, Robert; Berg, Gerard J. van den; Vikström, Johan
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Universität Potsdam, Potsdam

    Labor market policy tools such as training and sanctions are commonly used to help bring workers back to work. By analogy to medical treatments, the individual exposure to these tools may have side effects. We study effects on health using... mehr

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    Labor market policy tools such as training and sanctions are commonly used to help bring workers back to work. By analogy to medical treatments, the individual exposure to these tools may have side effects. We study effects on health using individual-level population registers on labor market events outcomes, drug prescriptions and sickness absence, comparing outcomes before and after exposure to training and sanctions. We find that training improves cardiovascular and mental health and lowers sickness absence. The results suggest that this is not due to improved employment prospects but rather to instantaneous features of participation such as, perhaps, the adoption of a more rigorous daily routine. Unemployment benefits sanctions cause a short-run deterioration of mental health, possibly due higher stress levels, but this tapers out quickly.

     
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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: October 8,2020
    Schriftenreihe: CEPA discussion papers ; No. 22
    Schlagworte: cardiovascular disease; depression; drugs; health; mental health; prescriptions; sanctions; sickness; training; unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (33 Seiten, 751 KB), Abbildungen
  8. The economic impact of depression treatment in India
    Autor*in: Angelucci, Manuela; Bennett, Daniel
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This study evaluates the impact of depression treatment on economic behavior in Karnataka, India. We cross-randomized pharmacotherapy and livelihoods assistance among 1000 depressed adults and evaluated impacts on depression severity, socioeconomic... mehr

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    This study evaluates the impact of depression treatment on economic behavior in Karnataka, India. We cross-randomized pharmacotherapy and livelihoods assistance among 1000 depressed adults and evaluated impacts on depression severity, socioeconomic outcomes, and several potential pathways over 26 months. The pharmacotherapy treatments reduce depression severity, with benefits that persist after treatment concludes. They substantially increase child human capital investment, particularly for older children, and reduce risk intolerance and the incidence of negative shocks. These findings suggest two pathways through which depression may perpetuate poverty.

     
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    hdl: 10419/236424
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14393
    Schlagworte: depression; health; poverty
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Dark passage: mental health consequences of parental death
    Autor*in: Böckerman, Petri; Haapanen, Mika; Jepsen, Christopher
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies the causal effect of parental death on children's mental health. Combining several nationwide register-based data for Finnish citizens born between 1971 and 1986, we use an event study methodology to analyze hospitalization for... mehr

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    This paper studies the causal effect of parental death on children's mental health. Combining several nationwide register-based data for Finnish citizens born between 1971 and 1986, we use an event study methodology to analyze hospitalization for mental health-related reasons by the age of 30. We find that there is no clear evidence of increased hospitalization following the death of a parent of a different gender, but there are significant effects for boys losing their fathers and girls losing their mothers. Depression is the most common cause of hospitalization in the first three years following paternal death, whereas anxiety and, to a lesser extent, self-harm are the most common causes five to ten years after paternal death. We also provide descriptive evidence of an increase in the use of mental health-related medications and sickness absence, as well as substantial reductions in years of schooling, employment, and earnings in adulthood for the affected children.

     
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    hdl: 10419/236416
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14385
    Schlagworte: parental death; mental health; hospitalization; depression; labor market
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Dark passage
    mental health consequences of parental death
    Autor*in: Böckerman, Petri; Haapanen, Mika; Jepsen, Christopher
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This paper studies the causal effect of parental death on children’s mental health. Combining several nationwide register-based data for Finnish citizens born between 1971 and 1986, we use an event study methodology to analyze hospitalization for... mehr

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    This paper studies the causal effect of parental death on children’s mental health. Combining several nationwide register-based data for Finnish citizens born between 1971 and 1986, we use an event study methodology to analyze hospitalization for mental health-related reasons by the age of 30. We find that there is no clear evidence of increased hospitalization following the death of a parent of a different gender, but there are significant effects for boys losing their fathers and girls losing their mothers. Depression is the most common cause of hospitalization in the first three years following paternal death, whereas anxiety and, to a lesser extent, self-harm are the most common causes five to ten years after paternal death. We also provide descriptive evidence of an increase in the use of mental health-related medications and sickness absence, as well as substantial reductions in years of schooling, employment, and earnings in adulthood for the affected children.

     
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    hdl: 10419/235469
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9099 (2021)
    Schlagworte: parental death; mental health; hospitalization; depression; labor market
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Erschöpfungsgeschichten
    Kehrseiten und Kontrapunkte der Moderne
    Beteiligt: Gerstner, Jan (HerausgeberIn); Osthues, Julian (HerausgeberIn)
    Erschienen: [2021]; © 2021
    Verlag:  Brill | Wilhelm Fink, Paderborn

    Erschöpfung ist zu einer der häufigsten Zeitdiagnosen unserer Gegenwart avanciert. Ausgangspunkt des Bands ist die These, dass die Entstehung der modernen Arbeits- und Leistungsgesellschaft schon immer von Erschöpfungsgeschichten begleitet wird.Sie... mehr

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    Erschöpfung ist zu einer der häufigsten Zeitdiagnosen unserer Gegenwart avanciert. Ausgangspunkt des Bands ist die These, dass die Entstehung der modernen Arbeits- und Leistungsgesellschaft schon immer von Erschöpfungsgeschichten begleitet wird.Sie bilden Kehrseiten und Kontrapunkte der Moderne, in denen teils offen, teils verdrängt ein Unbehagen an der Kultur zum Ausdruck kommt, das mit der Negation von Arbeit und Produktivität Leitbegriffe des modernen Selbstverständnisses infrage stellt. Die Beiträge dieses Bands unternehmen den Versuch, die Moderne als Erschöpfungsgeschichte zu lesen. Dabei rücken nicht nur das Verhältnis von Erschöpfung, Kapital und Arbeit sowie mit Erschöpfung assoziierte Pathologien (Burnout, Depression) in den Fokus. Mit Blick auf die Literatur geht es ganz zentral um Schreibweisen sowie die spezifische Verfasstheit einer "Ästhetik der Erschöpfung".

     
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    Beteiligt: Gerstner, Jan (HerausgeberIn); Osthues, Julian (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783846764473
    Weitere Identifier:
    9783846764473
    RVK Klassifikation: EC 5410
    Schriftenreihe: vita activa
    Schlagworte: Erschöpfung; Literatur; Burnout; Depression; Moderne; exhaustion; literature; burnout; depression; modernity
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (VI, 255 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. The health impacts of eviction
    evidence from the national longitudinal study of adolescent to adult health
    Autor*in: Hoke, Morgan; Boen, Courtney E.
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Population Studies Center, [Philadelphia, PA]

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    Schriftenreihe: Population Center Working Papers (PSC/PARC) / Population Studies Center ; 2021, 64
    Schlagworte: eviction; health; depression; emerging adulthood; young adulthood; housing; psychosocial stress
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Energy poverty and subjective well-being in China
    new evidence from the China family panel studies
    Autor*in: Nie, Peng; Li, Qiaoge; Sousa-Poza, Alfonso
    Erschienen: may 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Using the 2012-2018 waves of the China Family Panel Studies, we investigate the impact of energy poverty (EP) on subjective well-being (SWB) among Chinese adults aged 18 and over. In addition to documenting EP rates in the range of 13.2% to 35.3%... mehr

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    Using the 2012-2018 waves of the China Family Panel Studies, we investigate the impact of energy poverty (EP) on subjective well-being (SWB) among Chinese adults aged 18 and over. In addition to documenting EP rates in the range of 13.2% to 35.3% (dependent on measurement used), we show that EP lowers life satisfaction, with more pronounced impacts among males, the poor, and those residing in central regions. These results are robust to both alternative EP and SWB measures and to a series of estimation approaches that control for endogeneity. An additional structural equation modelling analysis of underlying mechanisms confirms that individual self-reported health, housing quality, and household food expenditure mediate the EP-SWB relation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/236460
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14429
    Schlagworte: energy poverty; life satisfaction; happiness; depression; China
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (42 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Feasibility of a cluster randomized controlled trial of a psychosocial intervention to improve late life depression in socioeconomically deprived areas of São Paulo, Brazil (PROACTIVE)
    Autor*in: Scazufca, Marcia; Couto, Maria Clara P. de Paula; Henrique, Maiara Garcia; Mendes, Ana Vilela; Matijasevich, Alicia; Pereda, Paula Carvalho; Franzin, Renato M.; Seabra, Antônio Carlos; Ven, Pepijn van de; Hollingworth, William; Peters, Tim J; Araya, Ricardo
    Erschienen: 2019
    Verlag:  FEA/USP, [São Paulo]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Department of Economics-FEA/USP ; no 2019, 22
    Schlagworte: older adults; depression; pilot controlled trial; primary care; collaborative care intervention
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. The impact of mental health support for the chronically ill on hospital utilisation
    evidence from the UK
    Autor*in: Gruber, Jonathan; Lordan, Grace; Pilling, Stephen; Propper, Carol; Saunders, Rob
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Individuals with common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety frequently have co-occurring long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) and this co-occurrence is associated with higher hospital utilisation. Psychological treatment for... mehr

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    Individuals with common mental disorders (CMDs) such as depression and anxiety frequently have co-occurring long-term physical health conditions (LTCs) and this co-occurrence is associated with higher hospital utilisation. Psychological treatment for CMDs may reduce healthcare utilisation through better management of the LTC, but there is little previous research. We examined the impact of psychological treatment delivered under the nationwide Improving Access to Psychological Therapies (IAPT) programme in England on hospital utilisation 12-months after the end of IAPT treatment. We examined three types of hospital utilisation: Inpatient treatment, Outpatient treatment and Emergency room attendance. We examined individuals with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (n=816), Diabetes (n=2813) or Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) (n=4115) who received psychological treatment between April 2014 and March 2016. IAPT episode data was linked to hospital utilisation data which went up March 2017. Changes in the probability of hospital utilisation were compared to a matched control sample for each LTC. Individuals in the control sample received IAPT treatment between April 2017 and March 2018. Compared to the control sample, the treated sample had significant reductions in the probability of all three types of hospital utilisation, for all three LTCs 12-months after the end of IAPT treatment. Reductions in utilisation of Emergency Room, Outpatient and non-elective Inpatient treatment were also observed immediately following the end of psychological treatment, and 6-months after, for individuals with diabetes and CVD, compared to the matched sample. These findings suggest that psychological interventions for CMDs delivered to individuals with co-occurring long-term chronic conditions may reduce the probability of utilisation of hospital services. Our results support the roll-out of psychological treatment aimed at individuals who have co-occurring common mental disorders and long-term chronic conditions.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15181
    Schlagworte: depression; anxiety; hospital utilisation; psychological interventions; chronic conditions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. The impact of mental health support for the chronically ill on hospital utilisation
    evidence from the UK
    Autor*in: Gruber, Jonathan; Lordan, Grace; Pilling, Stephen; Propper, Carol; Saunders, Rob
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; no. 1840 (March 2022)
    Schlagworte: depression; hospital utilisation; psychological interventions; chronic conditions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Corruption and mental health
    evidence from Vietnam
    Autor*in: Sharma, Smriti; Singhal, Saurabh; Tarp, Finn
    Erschienen: December 2020
    Verlag:  University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Economics, [Copenhagen]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Development Economics Research Group ; 07 (2020)
    Schlagworte: Corruption; anti-corruption; mental health; depression; Vietnam
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The effects of Medicaid expansion on job loss induced mental distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in the US
    Autor*in: Mukhopadhyay, Sankar
    Erschienen: March 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented level of job losses in the U.S., where a job loss is also associated with the loss of health insurance. This paper uses data from the 2020 Household Pulse Survey (HPS) and difference-in-difference (DD)... mehr

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    The COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented level of job losses in the U.S., where a job loss is also associated with the loss of health insurance. This paper uses data from the 2020 Household Pulse Survey (HPS) and difference-in-difference (DD) regressions to estimate the effect of the Medicaid expansion on anxiety and depression associated with job loss. Estimates show that the respondents who live in expansion states are 96.6% (36.3%) more likely to have Medicaid coverage, and correspondingly, 14.2% (7.6%) less likely to have moderate to severe mental distress following their job loss (a family member's job loss) compared to those living in non-expansion states. Further explorations suggest that the economic security provided by Medicaid is as important (if not more) as the access or utilization to healthcare. The difference-in-difference-in-difference (DDD) estimates using just above and below the Medicare eligibility age (65) confirm these results.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252274
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15150
    Schlagworte: job loss; depression; anxiety; mental health; COVID-19; Medicaid
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. The "welcomed lockdown" hypothesis
    when do mobility restrictions influence mental wellbeing?
    Autor*in: Costa-Font, Joan; Knapp, Martin; Vilaplana Prieto, Cristina
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    The COVID-19 pandemic and its mobility restrictions have been an external shock, influencing wellbeing. However, does risk exposure affect the welfare effect of lockdowns? This paper examines the 'welcomed lockdown' hypothesis, namely the extent to... mehr

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    The COVID-19 pandemic and its mobility restrictions have been an external shock, influencing wellbeing. However, does risk exposure affect the welfare effect of lockdowns? This paper examines the 'welcomed lockdown' hypothesis, namely the extent to which there is a level of risk where mobility restrictions are not a hindrance to wellbeing. We exploit the differential timing of the effect of the pandemic across European countries, and the different stringency of lockdown to examine the effects on two mental health conditions, namely anxiety and depression. We examine whether differences in symptoms of anxiety and depression are explained by mortality and stringency of lockdown measures using ad event study that draws on Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM), Difference-in-Difference (DiD) and Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD). Our estimates suggest an average increase in depression (3.95%) and anxiety (10%) symptoms relative to the mean level on the day that the lockdown took effect. However, such effects are wiped out when a country exhibits high mortality ('pandemic category 5'). Hence, we conclude that in an environment of high mortality, lockdowns no longer give rise to a reduction in well-being consistent with the 'welcome lockdown' hypothesis.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263726
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9796 (2022)
    Schlagworte: anxiety; depression; Covid-19; pandemic; lockdown
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 74 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Disclosing the "Big C"
    what does cancer survivorship signal to employers?
    Autor*in: Sterkens, Philippe; Sharipova, Adelina; Baert, Stijn
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    To study hiring discrimination against cancer survivors, we conduct a vignette experiment in which American and British recruiters evaluate fictitious job candidates. Candidates differed by periods of non-employment in their career, including... mehr

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    To study hiring discrimination against cancer survivors, we conduct a vignette experiment in which American and British recruiters evaluate fictitious job candidates. Candidates differed by periods of non-employment in their career, including non-employment due to suffering from cancer. We study the effect of cancer experiences on the recruiters' hiring decisions, as well as its effect on underlying candidate perceptions, related to various potential forms of stigma identified in the literature. We find that employment opportunities are lower for candidates with a history of cancer, compared to candidates without such a gap. This penalty is particularly explained by perceptions that these candidates will have higher sick leave probabilities and create additional costs. However, relative to candidates with a comparable gap due to depression or personal reasons, former cancer patients are less stigmatised, with relatively favourable assessments of their emotional abilities, social abilities, motivation and positive impact on workplace culture.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263565
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15349
    Schlagworte: hiring discrimination; cancer; depression; signalling
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten)
  21. Sick and depressed?
    the causal impact of a diabetes diagnosis on depression
    Autor*in: Gaggero, Alessio; Gil, Joan; Jiménez-Rubio, Dolores; Zucchelli, Eugenio
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    There is sparse evidence on the impact of health information on mental health as well as on the mechanisms governing this relationship. We estimate the causal impact of health information on mental health via the effect of a diabetes diagnosis on... mehr

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    There is sparse evidence on the impact of health information on mental health as well as on the mechanisms governing this relationship. We estimate the causal impact of health information on mental health via the effect of a diabetes diagnosis on depression. We employ a fuzzy regression discontinuity design (RDD) exploiting the exogenous cut-off value in the diagnosis of type-2 diabetes provided by a biomarker (glycated haemoglobin) and information on diagnosed clinical depression drawn from rich administrative longitudinal data from Spain. We find that overall a type-2 diabetes diagnosis increases the probability of becoming depressed, however this effect appears to be driven mostly by women. Results also appear to differ by changes in lifestyle induced by the diabetes diagnosis: while women who did not lose weight are more likely to develop depression, men who did lose weight present a reduced probability of being depressed. Results are robust to alternative parametric and non-parametric specifications and placebo tests.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15403
    Schlagworte: diabetes; depression; fuzzy regression discontinuity design; administrative longitudinal data; lifestyle changes
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  22. Do early episodes of depression and anxiety make homelessness more likely?
    Autor*in: Moschion, Julie; Ours, Jan C. van
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies the relationship between early mental health episodes and early homelessness, focusing on depression and anxiety amongst disadvantaged Australians. Using data from the Australian Journeys Home survey, we investigate whether the... mehr

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    This paper studies the relationship between early mental health episodes and early homelessness, focusing on depression and anxiety amongst disadvantaged Australians. Using data from the Australian Journeys Home survey, we investigate whether the early onset of mental health conditions make a first transition into homelessness more likely. Similarly, we analyse whether early experiences of homelessness increase the likelihood of early onset of depression or anxiety. We perform our analysis separately for men and women since there are gender differences in rates of both mental health diagnosis and homelessness. After accounting for the effects of joint observed and unobserved determinants, we find that a person's first episode of depression makes a transition to homelessness more likely for both men and women. In contrast, anxiety disorders have no effect on the likelihood of experiencing homelessness. In addition, people's first experience of homelessness has no effect on the likelihood of developing depression, but does increase the likelihood of anxiety disorders for men only.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15530
    Schlagworte: homelessness; mental health; depression; anxiety; mixed proportional hazard model
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  23. The midlife crisis
    Autor*in: Giuntella, Osea; McManus, Sally; Mujcic, Redzo; Oswald, Andrew J.; Powdthavee, Nattavudh; Tohamy, Ahmed
    Erschienen: September 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper documents a longitudinal crisis of midlife among the inhabitants of rich nations. Yet middle-aged citizens in our data sets are close to their peak earnings, have typically experienced little or no illness, reside in some of the safest... mehr

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    This paper documents a longitudinal crisis of midlife among the inhabitants of rich nations. Yet middle-aged citizens in our data sets are close to their peak earnings, have typically experienced little or no illness, reside in some of the safest countries in the world, and live in the most prosperous era in human history. This is paradoxical and troubling. The finding is consistent, however, with the prediction - one little-known to economists - of Elliott Jaques (1965). Our analysis does not rest on elementary cross-sectional analysis. Instead the paper uses panel and through-time data on, in total, approximately 500,000 individuals. It checks that the key results are not due to cohort effects. Nor do we rely on simple life-satisfaction measures. The paper shows that there are approximately quadratic hill-shaped patterns in data on midlife suicide, sleeping problems, alcohol dependence, concentration difficulties, memory problems, intense job strain, disabling headaches, suicidal feelings, and extreme depression. We believe the seriousness of this societal problem has not been grasped by the affluent world's policy-makers.

     
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    hdl: 10419/265754
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15533
    Schlagworte: mental health; affluence; suicide; depression; aging; midlife crisis; happiness
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Do early episodes of depression and anxiety make homelessness more likely?
    Autor*in: Moschion, Julie; Ours, Jan C. van
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Tinbergen Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    This paper studies the relationship between early mental health episodes and early homelessness, focusing on depression and anxiety amongst disadvantaged Australians. Using data from the Australian Journeys Home survey, we investigate whether the... mehr

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    This paper studies the relationship between early mental health episodes and early homelessness, focusing on depression and anxiety amongst disadvantaged Australians. Using data from the Australian Journeys Home survey, we investigate whether the early onset of mental health conditions make a first transition into homelessness more likely. Similarly, we analyse whether early experiences of homelessness increase the likelihood of early onset of depression or anxiety. We perform our analysis separately for men and women since there are gender differences in rates of both mental health diagnosis and homelessness. After accounting for the effects of joint observed and unobserved determinants, we find that a person's first episode of depression makes a transition to homelessness more likely for both men and women. In contrast, anxiety disorders have no effect on the likelihood of experiencing homelessness. In addition, people's first experience of homelessness has no effect on the likelihood of developing depression, but does increase the likelihood of anxiety disorders for men only.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; TI 2022, 059
    Schlagworte: Homelessness; mental health; depression; anxiety; mixed proportional hazard model
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten)
  25. Pension reforms, longer working horizons and depression
    does the risk of automation matter?
    Autor*in: Bertoni, Marco; Brunello, Giorgio; Da Re, Filippo
    Erschienen: November 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We investigate the effect of postponing minimum retirement age on middle-aged workers' depression. Using pension reforms in several European countries and data from the SHARE survey, we find that depression increases with a longer work horizon, but... mehr

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    We investigate the effect of postponing minimum retirement age on middle-aged workers' depression. Using pension reforms in several European countries and data from the SHARE survey, we find that depression increases with a longer work horizon, but only among workers employed in occupations with a relatively high risk of automation. We rule out alternatives to this risk, including job strenuousness, education, gender, and the degree of routinization of occupations. We explain our results with the higher job insecurity associated with occupations more exposed to automation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/267437
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15700
    Schlagworte: pension reforms; depression; automation; SHARE
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 73 Seiten), Illustrationen