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  1. Wheels of change
    transforming girls' lives with bicycles
    Erschienen: February 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Reducing the gender gap in education is a primary goal for many countries. Two major challenges for many girls are the distance to school and their safety when commuting to school. In Zambia, we studied the impact of providing a bicycle to a... mehr

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    DS 4
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    Reducing the gender gap in education is a primary goal for many countries. Two major challenges for many girls are the distance to school and their safety when commuting to school. In Zambia, we studied the impact of providing a bicycle to a school-going girl who lives more than 3 km from the school. We randomized whether a girl received a bicycle with a small cost to her family to cover replacement parts, a bicycle where these costs are covered by the program, and therefore is zero cost to the family, or a control group. One year after the intervention, we find that the bicycle reduced average commuting time to school by 35%, reduced late arrival by 66%, and decreased absenteeism by 27%. We find continued improvement in girls' attendance and reduction in dropouts two, three, and four years after the intervention. We also find evidence of improved math test scores, girls expressing higher feelings of control over their lives and, for those who received bicycles with a small cost to her family, higher levels of aspirations, self-image, and a desire to delay marriage and pregnancy. Heterogeneity analysis by distance to school shows an inverted U-shape for most of the schooling and empowerment results, suggesting greater impact for girls that live further away from school. These results suggest that empowerment outcomes worked through increased attendance in school.

     

    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/252200
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15076
    Schlagworte: girls' education; attendance; dropout; grade transition; test scores; bicycles; female aspiration; female empowerment; safety; Zambia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 83 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Wheels of change
    transforming girls' lives with bicycles
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  RWI - Leibniz-Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Essen, Germany

    Reducing the gender gap in education is a primary goal for many countries. Two major challenges for many girls are the distance to school and their safety when commuting to school. In Zambia, we studied the impact of providing a bicycle to a... mehr

    Zugang:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    DS 10
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Reducing the gender gap in education is a primary goal for many countries. Two major challenges for many girls are the distance to school and their safety when commuting to school. In Zambia, we studied the impact of providing a bicycle to a school-going girl who lives more than 3 km from the school. We randomized whether a girl received a bicycle with a small cost to her family to cover replacement parts, a bicycle where these costs are covered by the program, and therefore is zero cost to the family, or a control group. One year after the intervention, we find that the bicycle reduced average commuting time to school by 35%, reduced late arrival by 66%, and decreased absenteeism by 27%. We find continued improvement in girls’ attendance and reduction in dropouts two, three, and four years after the intervention. We also find evidence of improved math test scores, girls expressing higher feelings of control over their lives and, for those who received bicycles with a small cost to her family, higher levels of aspirations, self-image, and a desire to delay marriage and pregnancy. Heterogeneity analysis by distance to school shows an inverted U-shape for most of the schooling and empowerment results, suggesting greater impact for girls that live further away from school. These results suggest that empowerment outcomes worked through increased attendance in school. Die Verringerung von geschlechtsspezifischen Bildungsunterschieden ist für viele Länder ein vorrangiges Ziel. Für zahlreiche Mädchen sind die Entfernung zur Schule und ihre Sicherheit auf dem Schulweg zwei große Herausforderungen. In Sambia untersuchten wir den Effekt der Bereitstellung eines Fahrrads für Mädchen, die zur Schule gehen und mehr als 3 km von der Schule entfernt wohnen. Wir unterschieden nach dem Zufallsprinzip, ob ein Mädchen ein Fahrrad erhielt, bei dem die Familie geringe Kosten für Ersatzteile tragen musste, ein Fahrrad, bei dem alle Kosten durch das Programm abgedeckt wurden, oder ob es Teil der Kontrollgruppe war. Ein Jahr nach der Maßnahme stellten wir fest, dass ein Fahrrad die durchschnittliche Schulwegzeit um 35% verkürzt, Zuspätkommen um 66 % reduziert und Fehlzeiten um 27% verringert hat. Auch zwei, drei und vier Jahre nach der Maßnahme hat sich die Anwesenheit der Mädchen zunehmend verbessert und die Anzahl der Schulabbrecherinnen verringert. Außerdem finden wir Belege für bessere Ergebnisse in Mathematiktests, für das Gefühl der Mädchen, mehr Kontrolle über ihr Leben zu haben, und unter denjenigen, die Fahrräder zu geringen Kosten für ihre Familie erhalten haben, für höhere Ambitionen, ein besseres Selbstbild und den Wunsch, Heirat und Schwangerschaft aufzuschieben. Eine Heterogenitätsanalyse nach Schulentfernung zeigt eine umgekehrte U-Form für die meisten Ergebnisse zu Schulbildung und Empowerment, was auf eine größere Wirkung der Maßnahme für Mädchen hindeutet, die weiter von der Schule entfernt wohnen. Diese Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass Empowerment durch höheren Schulbesuch erzielt wurde.

     

    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783969731048
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/251584
    Schriftenreihe: Ruhr economic papers ; #943
    Schlagworte: Girls’ education; attendance; dropout; grade transition; test scores; bicycles; female aspiration; female empowerment; safety; Zambia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Wheels of change
    transforming girls' lives with bicycles
    Erschienen: July 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Reducing the gender gap in education is a primary goal for many countries. Some major challenges for many girls include the distance to school, their safety when commuting to school, lack of agency, and deep-rooted cultural norms. In Zambia, we... mehr

    Zugang:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    DS 63
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Reducing the gender gap in education is a primary goal for many countries. Some major challenges for many girls include the distance to school, their safety when commuting to school, lack of agency, and deep-rooted cultural norms. In Zambia, we studied the impact of providing a bicycle to a school-going girl who lives more than 3 km from the school. We randomized whether a girl received a bicycle with a small cost to her family to cover replacement parts, a bicycle where these costs are covered by the program, and therefore is zero cost to the family, or a control group. One year after the intervention, we find that the bicycle reduced average commuting time to school by 35%, reduced late arrival by 66%, and decreased absenteeism by 27%. We find continued improvement in girls' attendance and reduction in dropouts two, three, and four years after the intervention. We also find evidence of improved math test scores, girls expressing higher feelings of control over their lives and, for those who received bicycles with a small cost to her family, higher levels of aspirations, self-image, and a desire to delay marriage and pregnancy. Heterogeneity analysis by distance to school shows an inverted U-shape for most of the schooling and empowerment results, suggesting greater impact for girls that live further away from school. These results suggest that empowerment outcomes worked through increased attendance in school.

     

    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263795
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9865 (2022)
    Schlagworte: bicycles; commute time; girls' education; female empowerment; safety; Zambia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Infrastructure and girls' education
    bicycles, roads, and the gender education gap in India
    Erschienen: November 2022
    Verlag:  ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, Munich, Germany

    How can infrastructure help to reduce the gender education gap in developing countries? In this paper, I analyze the complementarity of all-weather roads and a bicycle program in Bihar, India, which aimed to increase girls' secondary school... mehr

    Zugang:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    DS 402
    keine Fernleihe

     

    How can infrastructure help to reduce the gender education gap in developing countries? In this paper, I analyze the complementarity of all-weather roads and a bicycle program in Bihar, India, which aimed to increase girls' secondary school enrollment rate. Using Indian household survey data combined with a quadrupledifference estimation strategy, I find that the program's main beneficiaries are girls living at least 3km away from secondary schools whose villages are connected with all-weather roads. Their net secondary school enrollment rate increased by over 87 percent, reducing the respective gender education gap by around 45 percent. I find no effect for girls living in villages without an all-weather road, suggesting that allweather roads are not just complementary to the bicycle program but a precondition for its success. The findings highlight the importance of well-functioning infrastructure for the accessibility of secondary schools and the empowering of girls in India.

     

    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/266259
    Schriftenreihe: Ifo working papers ; 382 (2022)
    Schlagworte: Roads; bicycles; infrastructure; girls' education; gender education gap; India
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen