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  1. Allocating subsidies for private investments to maximize jobs impacts
    Autor*in: Robalino Aguirre, David A.; Romero, Jose Manuel; Walker, Ian
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Jobs, Washington, DC, USA

    This paper develops a general framework to allocate subsidies to private investments in the presence of jobs-linked externalities (JLEs). JLEs emerge when wages exceed the opportunity cost of labor (labor externalities), or when there are social... mehr

    Zugang:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Standort:
    Orient-Institut Beirut
    Signatur:
    Online
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    VS 724
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    This paper develops a general framework to allocate subsidies to private investments in the presence of jobs-linked externalities (JLEs). JLEs emerge when wages exceed the opportunity cost of labor (labor externalities), or when there are social gains from creating better jobs for some classes of worker, such as women or youth (social externalities). Like all externalities, JLEs create a gap between private and social rates of return. Investments can be socially profitable (once the corresponding JLEs are internalized) but the private returns may be too low for the firm to go ahead. JLEs help to explain why many developing countries see insufficient investment in projects that would reallocate labor towards better jobs. The concept of JLEs is well established in economic literature, but there is a need for better operational approaches to address them. Like other externalities, JLEs can be corrected using a variety of possible subsidies (such as: grants, subsidized infrastructure, credit, training, technical assistance and tax exemptions). But doing this efficiently and at scale this requires mechanisms to (a) estimate the value of the externality and (b) discover the amount of subsidy needed to trigger the private investment. This paper shows that the optimal way to allocate subsidies to offset JLEs is through a competitive bidding process which selects projects based on the estimated amount of JLEs per dollar of subsidy. The bidding process provides an incentive to investors to reveal the subsidy needed for a project to become privately viable. The authors show that the proposed approach maximizes the jobs impacts of a given amount of fiscal resources that has been allotted to support better jobs outcomes

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10986/33868
    Schriftenreihe: Jobs working paper ; issue no. 45
    Schlagworte: COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; INVESTMENT INCENTIVES; JOB CREATION; LABOR EXTERNALITIES; RATE OF RETURN; SUBSIDIES
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Climate-smart development
    adding up the benefits of actions that help build prosperity, end poverty and combat climate change
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    This report describes eff ... mehr

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    This report describes eff ...

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10986/18815
    Schlagworte: Entwicklung; Klimaschutz; ABATEMENT COST; ABATEMENT COSTS; ABATEMENT POTENTIAL; ACCIDENTS; ACID; ACID RAIN; ACIDIFICATION; AEROSOLS; AIR; AIR POLLUTANT; AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION; AIR QUALITY; AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT; ANAEROBIC DIGESTION; ATMOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS; BIOGAS; BIOMASS; BLACK CARBON; BLACK CARBON EMISSIONS; CAPITAL INVESTMENT; CAPITAL INVESTMENTS; CARBON; CARBON ABATEMENT; CARBON BUS; CARBON CAPTURE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON FINANCE; CARBON INTENSITY; CARBON MARKETS; CARBON MITIGATION; CARBON MONOXIDE; CARS; CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS; CH4; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; CHEMICALS; CLEAN AIR; CLEAN AIR ACT; CLEANER FUELS; CLIMATE; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS; CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION; CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES; CLIMATE CHANGES; CLIMATE OBJECTIVES; CLIMATE POLICY; CLIMATE PROTECTION; CLIMATE SYSTEM; CO; CO2; COAL; COAL MINES; COLORS; COMBUSTION; COMMUTERS; COMPOSTING; COST-BENEFIT; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COSTS OF EMISSIONS; CROSSING; DAMAGES; DIESEL; DISCOUNT RATE; DISCOUNT RATES; DISPOSABLE INCOME; ECONOMIC ACTIVITY; ECONOMIC ANALYSES; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC BENEFITS; ECONOMIC GROWTH; ECONOMIC IMPACTS; ECONOMIC POLICIES; ECOSYSTEM; EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION; ELASTICITY; ELECTRIC CARS; ELECTRIC VEHICLES; EMISSION; EMISSION FROM OIL; EMISSION REDUCTIONS; EMISSIONS; EMISSIONS CONTROL; EMISSIONS DATA; EMISSIONS MITIGATION; EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS; EMISSIONS REDUCTION; EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS; ENERGY BALANCE; ENERGY CONSUMPTION; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; ENERGY INTENSITY; ENERGY POLICIES; ENERGY SAVINGS; ENERGY SECURITY; ENERGY SOURCES; ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EMISSIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY; EUTROPHICATION; EXTERNALITIES; EXTREME POVERTY; EXTREME WEATHER; FEASIBILITY; FINANCIAL ANALYSIS; FLOODS; FOREST; FOSSIL FUELS; FUEL; FUEL COSTS; FUEL EFFICIENT VEHICLES; FUEL PRICE; FUELS; GAS PRODUCTION; GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; GHG; GHGS; GLOBAL EMISSIONS; GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE; GREENHOUSE GAS; GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS; GREENHOUSE GAS SOURCES; GREENHOUSE GASES; HFCS; HOUSEHOLD FUEL; HURRICANES; HYDROFLUOROCARBONS; IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE; INACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE; IPCC; IRON; JOB GROWTH; JOBS; LABOR PRODUCTIVITY; LAND MANAGEMENT; LANDFILL; LANDFILL GAS; LANES; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; LOCAL AIR POLLUTION; LOW-CARBON; MARGINAL ABATEMENT; MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST; MARGINAL COST; MARKET DISTORTIONS; METEOROLOGY; METHANE; METHANE EMISSIONS; MONETARY TERMS; MONETARY VALUE; MONTREAL; MONTREAL PROTOCOL; N2O; NATIONAL INCOME; NATURAL GAS; NET COST; NITROUS OXIDE; O3; OCEANS; OIL PRICE; OIL PRICES; OIL PRODUCTION; OPEN BURNING; OZONE; OZONE LAYER; OZONE PRECURSORS; PARTICLE; PARTICULATE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PARTICULATES; PASSENGER VEHICLE; PERFORMANCE STANDARD; PHOTOVOLTAIC; PHOTOVOLTAICS; POLICY MAKERS; POLLUTANT EMISSIONS; PORTFOLIO; POWER PLANTS; POWER SECTOR; PRESENT VALUE; PRICE CHANGE; PRICE OF OIL; PUBLIC TRANSIT; PUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMS; RADIATIVE FORCING; RAIN; RAPID TRANSIT; RENEWABLE ENERGY; RISING COST; RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE; ROAD; ROAD TRANSPORT; SANITATION; SCENARIOS; SECTOR-SPECIFIC MODELS; SOCIAL COST OF CARBON; SOLAR RADIATION; SPILLOVER EFFECTS; STREETS; SULFATE; SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT; TEMPERATURE; TRAFFIC; TRAFFIC CONGESTION; TRANSACTION COSTS; TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION; TRANSIT SYSTEM; TRANSIT SYSTEMS; TRANSPORT; TRANSPORT POLICIES; TRANSPORT SECTOR; TRANSPORT SYSTEMS; TRANSPORTATION; TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS; TRANSPORTATION PATTERNS; TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS; TRAVEL TIME; TROPOPAUSE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; TRUE; UNCERTAINTIES; UNEP; UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME; VEHICLE EFFICIENCY; VEHICLE EMISSIONS; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; WEALTH
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (XX, 65 S.), graph. Darst.
  3. Agricultural trade liberalization
    implications for developing countries
    Erschienen: 1990

    Standort:
    Freie Universität Berlin, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Universitätsbibliothek, Jacob-und-Wilhelm-Grimm-Zentrum
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    Bibliothek der Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    Europa-Universität Viadrina, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
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  4. Economic survey of the Caribbean 2017
    Autor*in: Alleyne, Dillon; Hendrickson, Michael K.; McLean, Sheldon; Pantin, Machel; Skerrette, Nyasha; Charles, Don
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago

    Although the growth performance has been mixed in the Caribbean year, on averaged the economies posted an economic growth of 0.7 per cent in 2016. The goods producers achieved -3.1 per cent growth, due to weak commodity prices. While the service... mehr

    Standort:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    VS 405 (61)
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Although the growth performance has been mixed in the Caribbean year, on averaged the economies posted an economic growth of 0.7 per cent in 2016. The goods producers achieved -3.1 per cent growth, due to weak commodity prices. While the service producers achieved 2.1 growth. Despite the anemic growth performance, the region managed to decrease its unemployment rate to 11.2 per cent in 2016, relative to the 15.2 per cent experienced in the previous year. Abstract. -- Subregional analysis and performance. -- Country briefs.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 11362/43235
    LC/CAR/TS.2017/9
    LC/TS.2017/140
    Schriftenreihe: Studies and perspectives ; 61
    Schlagworte: ANALISIS ECONOMICO; CRECIMIENTO ECONOMICO; EMPLEO; POLITICA ECONOMICA; POLITICA FISCAL; DEUDA PUBLICA; MACROECONOMIA; PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO; INVERSION EXTRANJERA DIRECTA; RELACION DE INTERCAMBIO; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC GROWTH; EMPLOYMENT; ECONOMIC POLICY; FISCAL POLICY; PUBLIC DEBT; MACROECONOMICS; GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT; FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT; TERMS OF TRADE
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Allocating subsidies for private investments to maximize jobs impacts
    Autor*in: Robalino Aguirre, David A.; Romero, Jose Manuel; Walker, Ian
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  World Bank Group, Jobs, Washington, DC, USA

    This paper develops a general framework to allocate subsidies to private investments in the presence of jobs-linked externalities (JLEs). JLEs emerge when wages exceed the opportunity cost of labor (labor externalities), or when there are social... mehr

    Zugang:
    Verlag (kostenfrei)
    Resolving-System (kostenfrei)

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    This paper develops a general framework to allocate subsidies to private investments in the presence of jobs-linked externalities (JLEs). JLEs emerge when wages exceed the opportunity cost of labor (labor externalities), or when there are social gains from creating better jobs for some classes of worker, such as women or youth (social externalities). Like all externalities, JLEs create a gap between private and social rates of return. Investments can be socially profitable (once the corresponding JLEs are internalized) but the private returns may be too low for the firm to go ahead. JLEs help to explain why many developing countries see insufficient investment in projects that would reallocate labor towards better jobs. The concept of JLEs is well established in economic literature, but there is a need for better operational approaches to address them. Like other externalities, JLEs can be corrected using a variety of possible subsidies (such as: grants, subsidized infrastructure, credit, training, technical assistance and tax exemptions). But doing this efficiently and at scale this requires mechanisms to (a) estimate the value of the externality and (b) discover the amount of subsidy needed to trigger the private investment. This paper shows that the optimal way to allocate subsidies to offset JLEs is through a competitive bidding process which selects projects based on the estimated amount of JLEs per dollar of subsidy. The bidding process provides an incentive to investors to reveal the subsidy needed for a project to become privately viable. The authors show that the proposed approach maximizes the jobs impacts of a given amount of fiscal resources that has been allotted to support better jobs outcomes

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10986/33868
    Schriftenreihe: Jobs working paper ; issue no. 45
    Schlagworte: COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ENTREPRENEURSHIP; INVESTMENT INCENTIVES; JOB CREATION; LABOR EXTERNALITIES; RATE OF RETURN; SUBSIDIES
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Economic survey of the Caribbean 2017
    Autor*in: Alleyne, Dillon; Hendrickson, Michael K.; McLean, Sheldon; Pantin, Machel; Skerrette, Nyasha; Charles, Don
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  United Nations, ECLAC, Santiago

    Although the growth performance has been mixed in the Caribbean year, on averaged the economies posted an economic growth of 0.7 per cent in 2016. The goods producers achieved -3.1 per cent growth, due to weak commodity prices. While the service... mehr

    Standort:
    Ibero-Amerikanisches Institut Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Bibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

     

    Although the growth performance has been mixed in the Caribbean year, on averaged the economies posted an economic growth of 0.7 per cent in 2016. The goods producers achieved -3.1 per cent growth, due to weak commodity prices. While the service producers achieved 2.1 growth. Despite the anemic growth performance, the region managed to decrease its unemployment rate to 11.2 per cent in 2016, relative to the 15.2 per cent experienced in the previous year. Abstract. -- Subregional analysis and performance. -- Country briefs.

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 11362/43235
    LC/CAR/TS.2017/9
    LC/TS.2017/140
    Schriftenreihe: Studies and perspectives ; 61
    Schlagworte: ANALISIS ECONOMICO; CRECIMIENTO ECONOMICO; EMPLEO; POLITICA ECONOMICA; POLITICA FISCAL; DEUDA PUBLICA; MACROECONOMIA; PRODUCTO INTERNO BRUTO; INVERSION EXTRANJERA DIRECTA; RELACION DE INTERCAMBIO; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC GROWTH; EMPLOYMENT; ECONOMIC POLICY; FISCAL POLICY; PUBLIC DEBT; MACROECONOMICS; GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT; FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT; TERMS OF TRADE
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Climate-smart development
    adding up the benefits of actions that help build prosperity, end poverty and combat climate change
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  World Bank, Washington, DC

    This report describes eff ... mehr

    Standort:
    Orient-Institut Beirut
    Signatur:
    Online
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek Clausthal
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    VSM
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Leuphana Universität Lüneburg, Medien- und Informationszentrum, Universitätsbibliothek
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    This report describes eff ...

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
      BibTeX-Format
    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Volltext (kostenfrei)
    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10986/18815
    Schlagworte: Entwicklung; Klimaschutz; ABATEMENT COST; ABATEMENT COSTS; ABATEMENT POTENTIAL; ACCIDENTS; ACID; ACID RAIN; ACIDIFICATION; AEROSOLS; AIR; AIR POLLUTANT; AIR POLLUTANTS; AIR POLLUTION; AIR QUALITY; AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT; ANAEROBIC DIGESTION; ATMOSPHERE; ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATIONS; BIOGAS; BIOMASS; BLACK CARBON; BLACK CARBON EMISSIONS; CAPITAL INVESTMENT; CAPITAL INVESTMENTS; CARBON; CARBON ABATEMENT; CARBON BUS; CARBON CAPTURE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON FINANCE; CARBON INTENSITY; CARBON MARKETS; CARBON MITIGATION; CARBON MONOXIDE; CARS; CERTIFIED EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS; CH4; CHEMICAL REACTIONS; CHEMICALS; CLEAN AIR; CLEAN AIR ACT; CLEANER FUELS; CLIMATE; CLIMATE CHANGE; CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS; CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION; CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES; CLIMATE CHANGES; CLIMATE OBJECTIVES; CLIMATE POLICY; CLIMATE PROTECTION; CLIMATE SYSTEM; CO; CO2; COAL; COAL MINES; COLORS; COMBUSTION; COMMUTERS; COMPOSTING; COST-BENEFIT; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSES; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COSTS OF EMISSIONS; CROSSING; DAMAGES; DIESEL; DISCOUNT RATE; DISCOUNT RATES; DISPOSABLE INCOME; ECONOMIC ACTIVITY; ECONOMIC ANALYSES; ECONOMIC ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC BENEFITS; ECONOMIC GROWTH; ECONOMIC IMPACTS; ECONOMIC POLICIES; ECOSYSTEM; EFFICIENT TRANSPORTATION; ELASTICITY; ELECTRIC CARS; ELECTRIC VEHICLES; EMISSION; EMISSION FROM OIL; EMISSION REDUCTIONS; EMISSIONS; EMISSIONS CONTROL; EMISSIONS DATA; EMISSIONS MITIGATION; EMISSIONS OF POLLUTANTS; EMISSIONS REDUCTION; EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS; ENERGY BALANCE; ENERGY CONSUMPTION; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; ENERGY INTENSITY; ENERGY POLICIES; ENERGY SAVINGS; ENERGY SECURITY; ENERGY SOURCES; ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION; ENVIRONMENTAL EMISSIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXTERNALITIES; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION; ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY; EUTROPHICATION; EXTERNALITIES; EXTREME POVERTY; EXTREME WEATHER; FEASIBILITY; FINANCIAL ANALYSIS; FLOODS; FOREST; FOSSIL FUELS; FUEL; FUEL COSTS; FUEL EFFICIENT VEHICLES; FUEL PRICE; FUELS; GAS PRODUCTION; GENERAL EQUILIBRIUM MODEL; GHG; GHGS; GLOBAL EMISSIONS; GLOBAL ENVIRONMENT FACILITY; GLOBAL WARMING; GREENHOUSE; GREENHOUSE GAS; GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS; GREENHOUSE GAS SOURCES; GREENHOUSE GASES; HFCS; HOUSEHOLD FUEL; HURRICANES; HYDROFLUOROCARBONS; IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE; INACTION ON CLIMATE CHANGE; IPCC; IRON; JOB GROWTH; JOBS; LABOR PRODUCTIVITY; LAND MANAGEMENT; LANDFILL; LANDFILL GAS; LANES; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; LOCAL AIR POLLUTION; LOW-CARBON; MARGINAL ABATEMENT; MARGINAL ABATEMENT COST; MARGINAL COST; MARKET DISTORTIONS; METEOROLOGY; METHANE; METHANE EMISSIONS; MONETARY TERMS; MONETARY VALUE; MONTREAL; MONTREAL PROTOCOL; N2O; NATIONAL INCOME; NATURAL GAS; NET COST; NITROUS OXIDE; O3; OCEANS; OIL PRICE; OIL PRICES; OIL PRODUCTION; OPEN BURNING; OZONE; OZONE LAYER; OZONE PRECURSORS; PARTICLE; PARTICULATE; PARTICULATE MATTER; PARTICULATES; PASSENGER VEHICLE; PERFORMANCE STANDARD; PHOTOVOLTAIC; PHOTOVOLTAICS; POLICY MAKERS; POLLUTANT EMISSIONS; PORTFOLIO; POWER PLANTS; POWER SECTOR; PRESENT VALUE; PRICE CHANGE; PRICE OF OIL; PUBLIC TRANSIT; PUBLIC TRANSIT SYSTEMS; RADIATIVE FORCING; RAIN; RAPID TRANSIT; RENEWABLE ENERGY; RISING COST; RISKS OF CLIMATE CHANGE; ROAD; ROAD TRANSPORT; SANITATION; SCENARIOS; SECTOR-SPECIFIC MODELS; SOCIAL COST OF CARBON; SOLAR RADIATION; SPILLOVER EFFECTS; STREETS; SULFATE; SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT; TEMPERATURE; TRAFFIC; TRAFFIC CONGESTION; TRANSACTION COSTS; TRANSBOUNDARY AIR POLLUTION; TRANSIT SYSTEM; TRANSIT SYSTEMS; TRANSPORT; TRANSPORT POLICIES; TRANSPORT SECTOR; TRANSPORT SYSTEMS; TRANSPORTATION; TRANSPORTATION EMISSIONS; TRANSPORTATION PATTERNS; TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS; TRAVEL TIME; TROPOPAUSE; TROPOSPHERIC OZONE; TRUE; UNCERTAINTIES; UNEP; UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME; VEHICLE EFFICIENCY; VEHICLE EMISSIONS; VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS; WEALTH
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (XX, 65 S.), graph. Darst.