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  1. Kindeswohl interdisziplinär
    empirische Ergebnisse für die juristische Praxis bei Trennung der Eltern
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Nomos, Baden-Baden

    Dieser Band schließt die Lücke zwischen Normen, rechtswissenschaftlichen Auslegungen und konsensfähigen humanwissenschaftlichen empirischen Ergebnissen zur Konkretisierung des unbestimmten Rechtsbegriffs Kindeswohl. Die rechtlichen Grundlagen und die... mehr

    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Dieser Band schließt die Lücke zwischen Normen, rechtswissenschaftlichen Auslegungen und konsensfähigen humanwissenschaftlichen empirischen Ergebnissen zur Konkretisierung des unbestimmten Rechtsbegriffs Kindeswohl. Die rechtlichen Grundlagen und die zu beachtenden Urteile der höchsten Gerichte zum Kindeswohl stellt der erste Teil des Buches dar; sie sind das Gerüst für den zweiten Teil, der die humanwissenschaftlichen übereinstimmenden empirischen Fakten präsentiert. Die Humanwissenschaften liefern hier ein zu den rechtlichen Entscheidungskriterien korrespondierendes Wertesystem und damit einen Maßstab, das Kindeswohl im Einzelfall zu beurteilen und die Entscheidungsfindung auf eine faktenbasierte Grundlage zu stellen. Dieser interdisziplinäre Ansatz einer humanwissenschaftlichen Kommentierung der rechtlichen Kindeswohlkriterien kann Familienrichtern, Sachverständigen und beruflich involvierten Personen als Arbeitshilfe zur Verfügung gestellt werden.

     

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  2. Aufwachsen mit Medien
    zur Ethik mediatisierter Kindheit und Jugend
    Beteiligt: Stapf, Ingrid (HerausgeberIn); Prinzing, Marlis (HerausgeberIn); Köberer, Nina (HerausgeberIn)
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Nomos, Baden-Baden

    Das Aufwachsen mit digitalen Medien ist ein Thema der Ethik. Der Band nimmt aktuelle Entwicklungen im Bereich der Digitalisierung, der Bildung und des Kinder- und Jugendmedienschutzes zum Anlass, ein neues Themenfeld für die Kommunikations-, Medien-... mehr

    Katholische Hochschule für Sozialwesen Berlin, Bibliothek
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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    Universität Potsdam, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Das Aufwachsen mit digitalen Medien ist ein Thema der Ethik. Der Band nimmt aktuelle Entwicklungen im Bereich der Digitalisierung, der Bildung und des Kinder- und Jugendmedienschutzes zum Anlass, ein neues Themenfeld für die Kommunikations-, Medien- und Informationsethik aufzubereiten, kritisch einzuordnen und zu bewerten. Im Zentrum der Auseinandersetzung steht die Frage der Autonomieentwicklung von Heranwachsenden in mediatisierten Gesellschaften und Öffentlichkeiten. Damit werden Abwägungen zu Schutzforderungen (z.B. Daten, Privatsphäre) notwendig. Neben theoretischen Grundlegungen werden anhand der Themenfelder Spiel und Unterhaltung, Überwachung und Fürsorge sowie Realität und Virtualität aktuelle Spannungsfelder aufgezeigt und über die Folgen für Gesellschaft, Bildung und Politik reflektiert. Aufzuwachsen in mediatisierten Gesellschaften stellt zentrale ethische Fragen, die medien- und bildungspolitisch hoch aktuell sind.Mit Beiträgen vonLinda Breitlauch, Eike Buhr, Detlef Endeward, Bernhard Debatin, Alexander Filipovic, Rüdiger Funiok, Petra Grimm, Thilo Hagendorff/Jutta Hagendorff, Florian Heusinger von Waldegge, Dietmar Kammerer, Nina Köberer, Larissa Krainer, Kerstin Liesem, Patrick Maisenhölder, Gudrun Marci-Boehncke, Dominik Merli, Carsten Ochs, Claudia Paganini, Marlis Prinzing, Matthias Rath, Christoph Schickhardt, Christian Schlöndorf, Ingrid Stapf, André Weßel Growing up with digital media is an ethical question. This volume examines current developments in the fields of digitalisation, education and the protection of minors in order to critically reflect upon a new set of issues in communication, media and information ethics. The importance of developing autonomy in children growing up in mediatised societies and of balancing autonomy with children´s need for protection (e.g. data protection or privacy) is central to this study. The book addresses the ethical dimensions of a mediatised childhood by exploring issues in surveillance and care, gaming and entertainment as well as reality and virtuality, giving weight to the consequences these practices and issues have for society, politics and education.With contributions byLinda Breitlauch, Eike Buhr, Detlef Endeward, Bernhard Debatin, Alexander Filipovic, Rüdiger Funiok, Petra Grimm, Thilo Hagendorff/Jutta Hagendorff, Florian Heusinger von Waldegge, Dietmar Kammerer, Nina Köberer, Larissa Krainer, Kerstin Liesem, Patrick Maisenhölder, Gudrun Marci-Boehncke, Dominik Merli, Carsten Ochs, Claudia Paganini, Marlis Prinzing, Matthias Rath, Christoph Schickhardt, Christian Schlöndorf, Ingrid Stapf, André Weßel

     

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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Beteiligt: Stapf, Ingrid (HerausgeberIn); Prinzing, Marlis (HerausgeberIn); Köberer, Nina (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Konferenzschrift
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783845293844; 9783848751891
    Weitere Identifier:
    RVK Klassifikation: AP 14250 ; AP 13625 ; DW 4000 ; AP 15943
    Auflage/Ausgabe: 1. Auflage
    Körperschaften/Kongresse: Aufwachsen in Digitalen Gesellschaften. Zur Ethik Mediatisierter Kindheit und Jugend (2018, München)
    Schriftenreihe: Kommunikations- und Medienethik ; Band 9
    Schlagworte: Pädagogik; Jugendliche; Medien; Digitalisierung; Medienpädagogik; Internet; Influencer; Web 2.0; Kinder; Big Data; Kommunikationsethik; Medienethik; Kindheitsstudien; Rüdiger Funiok; Aufwachsen; digitisation; ethics in media; Rüdiger Funiok; growing up; children; teenager
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (363 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Children’s surface, textbase, and situation model representations of written and illustrated written narrative text
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  Universität Würzburg, Würzburg

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Übergeordneter Titel: In: Reading and Writing 2021, 34(6):1415–1440. DOI: 10.1007/s11145-020-10118-1
    Weitere Schlagworte: piicture comprehension; text comprehension; narrative text; children
    Umfang: Online-Ressource
  4. African Children's Tales - Six Short Stories
    Stories to snuggle up to
    Autor*in: Fabrie, Celeste
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  epubli, Berlin

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783756531295
    Weitere Identifier:
    9783756531295
    Auflage/Ausgabe: 1. Auflage
    Weitere Schlagworte: (Produktform)Electronic book text; (Zielgruppe)Allgemein; (Zielgruppe)ab 1 bis 99 Jahre; (BISAC Subject Heading)FOR000000; (BISAC Subject Heading)JUV010000; children; Kindergeschichten; short stories; bedtime stories; african tales; children's tales; english stories; (VLB-WN)1890
    Umfang: Online-Ressource, 36 Seiten
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    Vom Verlag als Druckwerk on demand und/oder als E-Book angeboten

  5. Mark Twain’s Helpful Hints for Good Living
    A Handbook for the Damned Human Race
    Autor*in: Twain, Mark
    Erschienen: [2004]; ©2004
    Verlag:  University of California Press, Berkeley, CA

    Irreverent, charming, eminently "able, this handbook—an eccentric etiquette guide for the human race—contains sixty-nine aphorisms, anecdotes, whimsical suggestions, maxims, and cautionary tales from Mark Twain's private and published writings. It... mehr

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    Irreverent, charming, eminently "able, this handbook—an eccentric etiquette guide for the human race—contains sixty-nine aphorisms, anecdotes, whimsical suggestions, maxims, and cautionary tales from Mark Twain's private and published writings. It dispenses advice and reflections on family life and public manners; opinions on topics such as dress, health, food, and childrearing and safety; and more specialized tips, such as those for dealing with annoying salesmen and burglars. Culled from Twain's personal letters, autobiographical writings, speeches, novels, and sketches, these pieces are delightfully fresh, witty, startlingly relevant, and bursting with Twain's characteristic ebullience for life. They also remind us exactly how Mark Twain came to be the most distinctive and well-known American literary voice in the world. These texts, some of them new or out of print for decades, have been selected and meticulously prepared by the editors at the Mark Twain Project

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Beteiligt: Fischer, Victor (HerausgeberIn); Frank, Michael Barry (HerausgeberIn); Salamo, Lin (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9780520931343
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: Jumping Frogs: Undiscovered, Rediscovered, and Celebrated Writings of Mark Twain ; 2
    Schlagworte: Conduct of life; Conduct of life; Conduct of life; Conduct of life; LITERARY CRITICISM / American / General
    Weitere Schlagworte: american author; american literature; anecdotes; aphorisms; autobiography; biography; burglars; childrearing; children; classic literature; classic; classics; comic; dress; etiquette; fashion; fiction; food; funny; grooming; guidebook; health; history; humor; hygiene; jokes; letters; literary celebrity; literary criticism; literary sketch; literature; maxims; memoir; parenting; rogues; salesman; satire; short stories; social commentary; social life; society; speeches; twain; unpublished twain
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (224 p.)
  6. Kinder. Medien. Kontrolle
    Vorstellungen von Lehramtsstudent*innen über den Umgang mit Medien in der Grundschule
    Autor*in: Kulcke, Gesine
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  Transcript, Bielefeld

    Der Umgang mit Medien in der Grundschule will gelernt sein. Doch Vorstellungen, die angehende Lehrer*innen von Kindheit, Lernen und Lehrer*in-Sein haben, scheinen sie davon abzuhalten, sich damit auseinanderzusetzen, wie sie den Umgang mit Medien... mehr

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    Bestellt 05/2020
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    Der Umgang mit Medien in der Grundschule will gelernt sein. Doch Vorstellungen, die angehende Lehrer*innen von Kindheit, Lernen und Lehrer*in-Sein haben, scheinen sie davon abzuhalten, sich damit auseinanderzusetzen, wie sie den Umgang mit Medien zukünftig gestalten können. Das zeigt Gesine Kulckes Analyse von Gruppendiskussionen mit Student*innen. Jene fügen sich in eine durch soziale Erwartungen strukturierte Ordnung ein und präsentieren die Haltung, dass sich Kinder zwar selbst entfalten sollen, dies aber im Sinne eines ihnen Bedürfnisse zuschreibenden Entwicklungsmodells. Damit werden Deutungsangebote entlarvt, die sich in pädagogischen und bildungspolitischen Diskursen aufdrängen und eine Abwehr vom Lernen mit, durch und über Medien ermöglichen und legitimieren.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Dissertation
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9783839451076
    Weitere Identifier:
    9783839451076
    RVK Klassifikation: DP 2500
    Schriftenreihe: Pädagogik
    Schlagworte: Bildung; Eltern; Bildungspolitik; Curriculum; Kinder; Pädagogik; Grundschule; Medienpädagogik; Soziale Ungleichheit; Bildungsforschung; Medienkompetenz; Digitale Medien; Subjektivierung; Entwicklungsmodell; Media; Kompetenzförderung; Digital Media; Education; Educational Research; Social Inequality; Media Education; Educational Policy; Bildungstheorie; Theory of Education; pedagogy; Lehramt; Digital Natives; Gruppendiskussion; Studierende; Mediendidaktik; Subjectivation; Media Competence; children; Group Discussion; Students; Primary Education; parents; Sorgearbeit; Teacher's Department; Media Didactics; Development Model; Competence Promotion; Medien; Grundschule; Pädagogik; Lehramt; Kinder; Eltern; Sorgearbeit; Digital Natives; Soziale Ungleichheit; Studierende; Medienpädagogik; Mediendidaktik; Medienkompetenz; Gruppendiskussion; Entwicklungsmodell; Bildungspolitik; Curriculum; Subjektivierung; Kompetenzförderung; Bildung; Bildungsforschung; Digitale Medien; Bildungstheorie; Media; Primary Education; Pedagogy; Teacher's Department; Children; Parents; Social Inequality; Students; Media Education; Media Didactics; Media Competence; Group Discussion; Development Model; Educational Policy; Subjectivation; Competence Promotion; Education; Educational Research; Digital Media; Theory of Education;
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (330 Seiten), Illustrationen
    Bemerkung(en):

    Literaturverzeichnis: Seite 307 - 325

    Dissertation, Pädagogische Hochschule Ludwigsburg, 2019

  7. Turning Water into Wine
    Young Children's Conception of the Impossible
    Erschienen: [2019]

    Young children judge that violations of ordinary, causal constraints are impossible. Yet children's religious beliefs typically include the assumption that such violations can occur via divine agency in the form of miracles. We conducted two studies... mehr

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    Young children judge that violations of ordinary, causal constraints are impossible. Yet children's religious beliefs typically include the assumption that such violations can occur via divine agency in the form of miracles. We conducted two studies to examine this potential conflict. In Study 1, we invited 5- and 6-year-old Colombian children attending either a secular or a religious school to judge what is and is not possible. Children made their judgments either following a minimal prompt or following a reminder of God's extraordinary powers. Irrespective of their education, and whether or not they had been reminded of God's extraordinary powers, children systematically judged violations of ordinary, causal constraints to be impossible. In Study 2, we asked if more extensive reminders of God's special powers would prompt religious children to say that the impossible can happen. Five- and 6-year-old Colombian children attending either a secular or a religious school were presented with narratives in which the protagonist desired an ordinarily impossible outcome. In half the stories, the protagonist prayed to God for the desired outcome. Irrespective of education and of whether the protagonist prayed, children systematically concluded that the desired outcome would not occur and justified that conclusion by reference to ordinary causal constraints. Nevertheless, in a minority of their replies children did assert that violations of ordinary causality are possible. Overall, irrespective of their religious education, young children judge that events rarely deviate from their natural course; only occasionally do they acknowledge exceptions.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    Übergeordneter Titel: Enthalten in: Journal of cognition and culture; Leiden : Brill, 2001; 19(2019), 3/4, Seite 219-243; Online-Ressource

    Schlagworte: children; judgment; miracles; possibility
  8. Childlessness and economic development
    a survey
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Institut de recherches économiques et sociales de l'Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgique

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 2078.1/212338
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institut de recherches économiques et sociales de l'Université catholique de Louvain ; 2019, 1
    Schlagworte: Childlessness; fertility; education; marriage; children; sterility; economic development; poverty-driven childlessness; opportunity-driven childlessness; female empowerment; childcare; Malthusian economy; educational homogamy; reproductive health; demographic economics; developed countries; developing countries; historical childlessness; quantity and quality of children; inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Women officers, gender violence and human capital
    evidence from women's justice centers in Peru
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques, Paris

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Paris School of Economics ; no 2018, 36
    Schlagworte: gender-based violence; access to justice; children; household bargaining
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Strings Attached
    Untangling the Ethics of Incentives
    Erschienen: 2012; ©2012.
    Verlag:  Princeton University Press, Princeton

    Incentives can be found everywhere--in schools, businesses, factories, and government--influencing people's choices about almost everything, from financial decisions and tobacco use to exercise and child rearing. So long as people have a choice,... mehr

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    Incentives can be found everywhere--in schools, businesses, factories, and government--influencing people's choices about almost everything, from financial decisions and tobacco use to exercise and child rearing. So long as people have a choice, incentives seem innocuous. But Strings Attached demonstrates that when incentives are viewed as a kind of power rather than as a form of exchange, many ethical questions arise: How do incentives affect character and institutional culture? Can incentives be manipulative or exploitative, even if people are free to refuse them? What are the responsibilit

     

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  11. The roots of cooperation
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a... mehr

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    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a unified experimental framework, we examine which of three fundamental pillars of human cooperation – direct and indirect reciprocity as well as third-party punishment – emerges earliest as an effective means to increase cooperation in a repeated prisoner's dilemma game. We find that third-party punishment exhibits a strikingly positive effect on cooperation rates by doubling them in comparison to a control condition. It promotes cooperative behavior even before punishment of defectors is applied. Children also engage in reciprocating others, showing that reciprocity strategies are already prevalent at a very young age. However, direct and indirect reciprocity treatments do not increase overall cooperation rates, as young children fail to anticipate the benefits of reputation building. We also show that the cognitive skills of children and the socioeconomic background of parents play a vital role in the early development of human cooperation.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/236498
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14467
    Schlagworte: cooperation; reciprocity; third-party punishment; reputation; children; parents; cognitive abilities; socioeconomic status; prisoner's dilemma game; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 90 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Children's patience and schooltrack choices several years later
    linking experimental and field data
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn

    We present direct evidence on the link between children's patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three years... mehr

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    We present direct evidence on the link between children's patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three years later at the end of middle school, we find that patience significantly predicts choosing an academic track. This relationship remains robust after controlling for a rich set of covariates, such as family background, school-class fixed effects, risk preferences, and cognitive abilities, and is not driven by sample attrition. Accounting for middle-school GPA as a potential mediating factor suggests a direct link between patience and educational-track choice.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 21.11116/0000-0008-938D-3
    hdl: 10419/245975
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods ; 2021, 12
    Schlagworte: patience; education; school track choice; children; lab-in-the-field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. The roots of cooperation
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn

    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a... mehr

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    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a unified experimental framework, we examine which of three fundamental pillars of human cooperation − direct and indirect reciprocity as well as third-party punishment - emerges earliest as an effective means to increase cooperation in a repeated prisoner's dilemma game. We find that third-party punishment exhibits a strikingly positive effect on cooperation rates by doubling them in comparison to a control condition. It promotes cooperative behavior even before punishment of defectors is applied. Children also engage in reciprocating others, showing that reciprocity strategies are already prevalent at a very young age. However, direct and indirect reciprocity treatments do not increase overall cooperation rates, as young children fail to anticipate the benefits of reputation building. We also show that the cognitive skills of children and the socioeconomic background of parents play a vital role in the early development of human cooperation.

     

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    hdl: 21.11116/0000-0008-AD80-4
    hdl: 10419/245977
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: 10 June 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods ; 2021, 14
    Schlagworte: Cooperation; reciprocity; third-party punishment; reputation; children; parents; cognitive abilities; socioeconomic status; prisoner's dilemma game; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 90 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Children's patience and school-track choices several years later
    linking experimental and field data
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Research platform Empirical and Experimental Economics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

    We present direct evidence on the link between children's patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three years... mehr

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    We present direct evidence on the link between children's patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three years later at the end of middle school, we find that patience significantly predicts choosing an academic track. This relationship remains robust after controlling for a rich set of covariates, such as family background, school-class fixed effects, risk preferences, and cognitive abilities, and is not driven by sample attrition. Accounting for middle-school GPA as a potential mediating factor suggests a direct link between patience and educational-track choice.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/240445
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics and statistics ; 2021, 17
    Schlagworte: patience; education; school track choice; children; lab-in-the-field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. The roots of cooperation
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Research platform Empirical and Experimental Economics, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a... mehr

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    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a unified experimental framework, we examine which of three fundamental pillars of human cooperation - direct and indirect reciprocity as well as third-party punishment - emerges earliest as an effective means to increase cooperation in a repeated prisoner's dilemma game. We find that third-party punishment exhibits a strikingly positive effect on cooperation rates by doubling them in comparison to a control condition. It promotes cooperative behavior even before punishment of defectors is applied. Children also engage in reciprocating others, showing that reciprocity strategies are already prevalent at a very young age. However, direct and indirect reciprocity treatments do not increase overall cooperation rates, as young children fail to anticipate the benefits of reputation building. We also show that the cognitive skills of children and the socioeconomic background of parents play a vital role in the early development of human cooperation.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/240446
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: 10 June 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics and statistics ; 2021, 18
    Schlagworte: Cooperation; reciprocity; third-party punishment; reputation; children; parents; cognitive abilities; socioeconomic status; prisoner's dilemma game; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 95 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Differential effects of the timing of divorce on children's outcomes
    evidence from Denmark
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  CEBI, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/258925
    Schriftenreihe: CEBI working paper series ; 20, 11
    Schlagworte: Divorce; education; children
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. The roots of cooperation
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a... mehr

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    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a unified experimental framework, we examine which of three fundamental pillars of human cooperation – direct and indirect reciprocity as well as third-party punishment – emerges earliest as an effective means to increase cooperation in a repeated prisoner’s dilemma game. We find that third-party punishment exhibits a strikingly positive effect on cooperation rates by doubling them in comparison to a control condition. It promotes cooperative behavior even before punishment of defectors is applied. Children also engage in reciprocating others, showing that reciprocity strategies are already prevalent at a very young age. However, direct and indirect reciprocity treatments do not increase overall cooperation rates, as young children fail to anticipate the benefits of reputation building. We also show that the cognitive skills of children and the socioeconomic background of parents play a vital role in the early development of human cooperation.

     

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    hdl: 10419/236687
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: 10 June 2021
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9145 (2021)
    Schlagworte: cooperation; reciprocity; third-party punishment; reputation; children; parents; cognitive abilities; socioeconomic status; prisoner's dilemma game; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 91 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The roots of cooperation

    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a... mehr

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    Understanding the roots of human cooperation among strangers is of great importance for solving pressing social dilemmas and maintening public goods in human societies. We study the development of cooperation in 929 young children, aged 3 to 6. In a unified experimental framework, we examine which of three fundamental pillars of human cooperation - direct and indirect reciprocity as well as third-party punishment – emerges earliest as an effective means to increase cooperation in a repeated prisoner’s dilemma game. We find that third-party punishment exhibits a strikingly positive effect on cooperation rates by doubling them in comparison to a control condition. It promotes cooperative behavior even before punishment of defectors is applied. Children also engage in reciprocating others, showing that reciprocity strategies are already prevalent at a very young age. However, direct and indirect reciprocity treatments do not increase overall cooperation rates, as young children fail to anticipate the benefits of reputation building. We also show that the cognitive skills of children and the socioeconomic background of parents play a vital role in the early development of human cooperation.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/237342
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: 10 June 2021
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 097
    Schlagworte: Cooperation; reciprocity; third-party punishment; reputation; children; parents; cognitive abilities; socioeconomic status; prisoner's dilemma game; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 89 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. The creativity premium
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Success in life increasingly depends on key skills that allow people to thrive in education, the labor market, and their interactions with others. In this paper, we emphasize creativity as a key skill that is essential to open-ended problem solving... mehr

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    Success in life increasingly depends on key skills that allow people to thrive in education, the labor market, and their interactions with others. In this paper, we emphasize creativity as a key skill that is essential to open-ended problem solving and resistant to automation. We use rich longitudinal data to study the relationship between people's creativity measured in childhood and their individual attributes and life outcomes. We find that childhood creativity predicts labor market and educational success: more creative individuals earn more during the course of their careers, work in higher occupational categories, and reach higher levels of educational attainment. Our analysis of attributes further suggests that creative individuals have a package of practical skills that allows them to thrive in work environments where learning from experience is important. We combine insights from our findings with evidence from psychology to propose creativity-improving interventions that could lead to substantial economic benefits.

     

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    hdl: 10419/236452
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14421
    Schlagworte: creativity; skills; life outcomes; children; longitudinal; labor market; wages; earnings; occupational category; educational attainment; practical skills; experience; cognitive ability; human capital
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten)
  20. Children's patience and school-track choices several years later
    linking experimental and field data
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We present direct evidence on the link between children’s patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three years... mehr

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    We present direct evidence on the link between children’s patience and educational-track choices years later. Combining an incentivized patience measure of 493 primary-school children with their high-school track choices taken at least three years later at the end of middle school, we find that patience significantly predicts choosing an academic track. This relationship remains robust after controlling for a rich set of covariates, such as family background, school-class fixed effects, risk preferences, and cognitive abilities, and is not driven by sample attrition. Accounting for middle-school GPA as a potential mediating factor suggests a direct link between patience and educational-track choice.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/236652
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9110 (2021)
    Schlagworte: patience; education; school track choice; children; lab-in-field experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Killing prescriptions softly: low emission zones and child health from birth to school
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    We examine the persistence of the impact of early-life exposure to air pollution on children's health from birth to school enrollment using administrative public health insurance records covering one third of all children in Germany. For... mehr

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    We examine the persistence of the impact of early-life exposure to air pollution on children's health from birth to school enrollment using administrative public health insurance records covering one third of all children in Germany. For identification, we exploit air quality improvements caused by the implementation of Low Emission Zones, a policy imposing driving restrictions on high-emission vehicles. Our results indicate that children exposed to cleaner air around birth require less medication for at least five years. The initially latent health response materializes only gradually in lower medication usage, leaving important but subtle health benefits undetected in common measures of infant health.

     

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    hdl: 10419/236407
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14376
    Schlagworte: policy evaluation; cohort study; air pollution; health; children; Low Emission Zone
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 71 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. The impact of changing climate on children's nutritional status in Bangladesh
    Erschienen: August 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This paper studies the impact of climate change on the nutritional status of very young children between the ages of 0 - 3 years by using weather data from the last half century merged with rich information on child, mother and household... mehr

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    This paper studies the impact of climate change on the nutritional status of very young children between the ages of 0 - 3 years by using weather data from the last half century merged with rich information on child, mother and household characteristics in rural coastal Bangladesh. We evaluate the health consequences of rising temperature and relative humidity and varying rainfall jointly. Leveraging a saturated fixed-effects model that controls for annual trends and location-specific seasonality, and that allows the impacts of temperature to vary non-parametrically while rainfall and humidity have flexible non-linear forms, we find that extreme heat and humidity in the month of birth exert significant negative effects on children's nutritional status as measured by mid upper arm circumference. The impact of humidity in particular persists when child, mother and household controls are included. We find that exposure to changing climate in utero and in the month of conception also matters. Possible explanations for our findings include consequences of varying heat, humidity, and rainfall on the extent of pasture, rain-fed and irrigated lands, on the propensity of household out-migration, and on mother's age at first marriage. We employ alternate models and undertake falsification tests to underline the robustness of the estimates. Our results indicate that climate change has real consequences for the health of very young populations who are in vulnerable areas.

     

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    hdl: 10419/245708
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14657
    Schlagworte: climate change; temperature; humidity; rainfall; Bangladesh; children; mid upper arm circumference; non-parametric; nonlinear
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Is "employment during Motherhood" a "value changing experience"?
    Erschienen: July 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Does employment during motherhood change peoples preferences? We study whether the experience of employment during motherhood exerts an effect on attitudes towards gender norms, and more specifically, attitudes towards the impact of women’s... mehr

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    Does employment during motherhood change peoples preferences? We study whether the experience of employment during motherhood exerts an effect on attitudes towards gender norms, and more specifically, attitudes towards the impact of women’s employment on children’s wellbeing (which proxy traditional gender attitudes). Drawing on a large, representative and longitudinal data and an instrumental variable (IV) strategy that exploits a Bartik instrument for employment, we find that, that non-mothers who work and mothers who do not work are more likely to agree that pre-school children suffer if mothers work, which we proxy as having more traditional views. However, this is not the case when women experience both working and motherhood it does not significantly change women's attitudes. These results suggest that exogenous changes in employment during motherhood confirm individuals priors, and point towards the critical role of early life value formation. That is, employment during motherhood is not a “value changing experience” but rather a “value preserving experience”. Hence, the so-called ‘motherhood penalty’ cannot be fully explained by a change in attitudes after employment during motherhood.

     

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    hdl: 10419/245403
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9222 (2021)
    Schlagworte: attitude formation; value changing experiences; confirmation bias; women employment attitudes; women employment after maternity; later life attitudes; children
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Gender gaps in cognitive and noncognitive skills
    roles of ses and gender attitudes
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Population Studies Center, [Philadelphia, PA]

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    Schriftenreihe: Population Center Working Papers (PSC/PARC) / Population Studies Center ; 2021, 63
    Schlagworte: cognitive skills; noncognitive skills; gender attitudes; gender; India; children
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten)
  25. Operation Allied Force: unintended consequences of the NATO bombing on children's outcomes
    Erschienen: July 2021
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This is the first paper that estimates the causal effect of the NATO's Operation Allied Force in Serbia in 1999, on children who were in the womb during the bombing. We investigate the in utero effect in terms of short-term outcomes, such as... mehr

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    This is the first paper that estimates the causal effect of the NATO's Operation Allied Force in Serbia in 1999, on children who were in the womb during the bombing. We investigate the in utero effect in terms of short-term outcomes, such as birthweight, as well as medium-term outcomes measured by grades of 15-year-old pupils at the end of primary school. Using the birth records of the Serbian Statistical Office, we estimate difference-in-differences models, combined with propensity score matching. We compare the birthweight of children born in the same year (1999) and in the months just before and after the bombing, and children born in the same months of the previous year (1998). We then exploit the data on educational achievement at the end of primary school, provided by the Ministry of Education, to estimate matching models of the effect of the bombing on individual grades. Our findings suggest that children in utero during the bombing were 2pp more likely to be born with a lower than average birthweight. In the medium-term, we find a statistically significant and negative effect (around −1%) of the bombing on maths grades and Serbian language at primary school, and a 1% increase in the probability to enrol on vocational secondary schools. Overall, our results confirm the importance of the negative effects on children in the aftermath of large-scale disasters, and the necessity of policy interventions to mitigate them.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/245649
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 14598
    Schlagworte: human capital formation; children; armed conflict; in-utero effect
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen