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  1. Intra-industry trade, endogenous technological change, wage inequality and welfare
    Autor*in: De Santis, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  ZBW - Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Kiel

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  2. Intra-industry trade, endogenous technological change, wage inequality and welfare
    Autor*in: De Santis, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: 1999
    Verlag:  Inst. of World Economics, Kiel

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  3. Monopolistic competition, optimum product diversity, and international trade
    the role of factor endowment and factor intensities
    Autor*in: Marjit, Sugata; Mandal, Biswajit
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    In this paper we revisit the influential theory of monopolistic competition and optimum product variety as developed by Dixit and Stiglitz (1977) with applications in international trade by Krugman (1979,1980), by modeling fixed and variable costs of... mehr

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    In this paper we revisit the influential theory of monopolistic competition and optimum product variety as developed by Dixit and Stiglitz (1977) with applications in international trade by Krugman (1979,1980), by modeling fixed and variable costs of production in terms of underlying use of skilled and unskilled labor in a single good model. This is different from earlier work on multi sector variant of Krugman cum Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model such as Helpman (1981) and others. In our structure factor endowment and factor intensities determine both number of varieties and output per variety in a closed economy mimicking the features of Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson model. Differences in factor endowments across countries determine the pattern of trade between varieties and output per variety, which is indeterminate in a standard single good Dixit-Stiglitz-Krugman model. Later we reflect on wage inequality and unemployment providing some interesting results.

     
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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This draft August, 2021
    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 911
    Schlagworte: Monopolistic Competition; Trade; Wage Inequality; Unemployment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Firm productivity, wages, and sorting
    Autor*in: Lochner, Benjamin; Schulz, Bastian
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Aarhus BSS, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University, Aarhus

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    Schriftenreihe: Economics working papers ; 2021, 04
    Schlagworte: Assortative Matching; Labor Market Sorting; Wage Inequality; Job Mobility; Unobserved Heterogeneity; Firm Productivity; Production Function Estimation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Redistributive income taxation with directed technical change
    Autor*in: Loebbing, Jonas
    Erschienen: January 2020
    Verlag:  Verein für Socialpolitik, [Köln]

    This paper studies the implications of (endogenously) directed technical change for the design of non-linear labor income taxes in a Mirrleesian economy augmented to include endogenous technology development and adoption choices by firms. First, I... mehr

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    This paper studies the implications of (endogenously) directed technical change for the design of non-linear labor income taxes in a Mirrleesian economy augmented to include endogenous technology development and adoption choices by firms. First, I identify conditions under which any progressive tax reform induces technical change that compresses the pre-tax wage distribution. The key intuition is that progressive tax reforms tend to increase labor supply of less skilled relative to more skilled workers, which induces firms to develop and use technologies that are more complementary to the less skilled. Second, I provide conditions under which the endogenous response of technology raises the welfare gains from progressive tax reforms. Third, I show that directed technical change effects make the optimal tax scheme more progressive, raising marginal tax rates at the right tail of the income distribution and lowering them (potentially below zero) at the left tail. For reasonable calibrations, the directed technical change effects of actual tax reforms on wage inequality appear to be small, but the impact of directed technical change on optimal taxes is considerable. Optimal marginal tax rates increase monotonically over the bulk of the income distribution instead of being U-shaped (as in most of the previous literature) and marginal tax rates on incomes below the median are reduced substantially

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Jahrestagung 2020 / Verein für Socialpolitik ; 89
    Schlagworte: Optimal Taxation; Directed TechnicalChange; Endogenous Technical Change; Wage Inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 98 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. The structure of financial systems and top incomes in advanced economies
    a comparative distributional analysis of the financial wage premium
    Autor*in: Roberts, Anthony; Kwon, Roy
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), asbl, Luxembourg

    Prior country case studies show substantial wage premiums in the financial sector contributes to growth of top incomes and wage inequality in a select group of advanced economies. However, while comparative studies show financialization exerts... mehr

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    Prior country case studies show substantial wage premiums in the financial sector contributes to growth of top incomes and wage inequality in a select group of advanced economies. However, while comparative studies show financialization exerts heterogenous effects on wage inequality across advanced economies, it is unclear whether the magnitude and location of financial wage premium in the distribution of income varies across advanced economies. We address this gap in the empirical literature by examining the financial wage premium across the labor income distributions of 13 advanced economies since the 1980s using harmonized labor force data from multiple waves of the Luxembourg Income Study. Consistent with prior studies, we find the financial wage premium is concentrated at the upper end of the income distribution in most advanced economies, but the magnitude of the premium substantially varies across these economies. We account for this variation by showing the market structure of financial systems exacerbates the financial wage premium at the upper end of the distribution. Overall, this study shows the financial wage premium is an important distributional mechanism for understanding the growth of top incomes and wage inequality in advanced economies and the marketization of financial activity amplifies the wage dynamics of financialization.

     
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    hdl: 10419/267022
    Schriftenreihe: LIS working paper series ; no. 822
    Schlagworte: Financialization; Top Incomes; Wage Inequality; Economic Methodology; Comparative Sociology
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. Are manufacturing jobs still good jobs?
    an exploration of the manufacturing wage premium
    Autor*in: Bayard, Kimberly; Cajner, Tomaz; Gregorich, Vivi; Tito, Maria D.
    Erschienen: March 4, 2022
    Verlag:  Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, D.C.

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    Schriftenreihe: Finance and economics discussion series ; 2022, 011
    Schlagworte: Wage Inequality; Manufacturing; Union Membership
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Occupation growth, skill prices, and wage inequality
    Autor*in: Böhm, Michael; Gaudecker, Hans-Martin von; Schran, Felix
    Erschienen: May 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    This paper studies the relationship between occupational employment, occupational wages, and rising wage inequality. We document that in all occupations, entrants and leavers earn less than stayers. This suggests selection effects that are negative... mehr

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    This paper studies the relationship between occupational employment, occupational wages, and rising wage inequality. We document that in all occupations, entrants and leavers earn less than stayers. This suggests selection effects that are negative for growing occupations and positive for shrinking ones. We estimate a model of occupational prices and skills, which includes occupation-specific skill accumulation and endogenous switching across many occupations. Consistent with leading explanations for occupational changes, estimated prices (i.e., selection-corrected wages) and occupational employment growth are positively related. Just over 40% of selection is due to age in the sense that marginal workers have had less time to accumulate skills. The remainder is due to Roy-type selection, i.e., workers reacting to changing prices and shocks unrelated to age. Skill prices establish a long-suspected quantitative connection between occupational changes and the surge in wage inequality.

     
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    hdl: 10419/262329
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 167
    Schlagworte: Skill Prices; Selection Effects; Multidimensional Skill Accumulation; Occupational Employment and Wages; Administrative Panel Data; Wage Inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Market power and wage inequality
    Autor*in: Deb, Shubhdeep; Eeckhout, Jan; Patel, Aseem; Warren, Lawrence
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  U.S. Census Bureau, Center for Economic Studies, Washington, DC

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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau ; 22, 37 (September 2022)
    Schlagworte: Market Power; Wage Inequality; Skill Premium; Technological Change; Market Structure; Endogenous Markups; Endogenous Markdowns
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Market power and wage inequality
    Autor*in: Eeckhout, Jan
    Erschienen: 04 October 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17569
    Schlagworte: Market Power; Wage Inequality; Skill Premium; Technological Change; Market Structure; Endogenous Markups; Endogenous Markdowns
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 62 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Market power and wage inequality
    Autor*in: Deb, Shubhdeep; Eeckhout, Jan; Patel, Aseem; Warren, Lawrence
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, [London]

    We propose a theory of how market power affects wage inequality. We ask how goods and labor market power jointly affect the level of wages, the Skill Premium, and wage inequality. We then use detailed microdata from the US Census between 1997 and... mehr

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    We propose a theory of how market power affects wage inequality. We ask how goods and labor market power jointly affect the level of wages, the Skill Premium, and wage inequality. We then use detailed microdata from the US Census between 1997 and 2016 to estimate the parameters of labor supply, technology and the market structure. We find that a less competitive market structure lowers the wage level, contributes 7% to the rise in the Skill Premium and accounts for half of the increase in between-establishment wage variance.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / lnstitute for Fiscal Studies ; 22, 40
    Schlagworte: Market Power; Wage Inequality; Skill Premium; Technological Change; Market Structure; Endogenous Markups; Endogenous Markdowns
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Market power and wage inequality
    Autor*in: Deb, Shubhdeep; Eeckhout, Jan; Patel, Aseem; Warren, Lawrence
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  BSE, Barcelona School of Economics, [Barcelona]

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    Schriftenreihe: BSE working paper ; 1360 (September 2022)
    Schlagworte: Market Power; Wage Inequality; Skill Premium; Technological Change; Market Structure; Endogenous Markups; Endogenous Markdowns
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Trade, Technology and Labour Markets - Empirical Controversies in the Light of the Jones Model
    Autor*in: Pflüger, Michael
    Erschienen: 2003
    Verlag:  Deutsches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung (DIW), Berlin

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  14. Trade, technology and labour markets - empirical controversies in the light of the Jones model
    Autor*in: Pflüger, Michael
    Erschienen: 2003
    Verlag:  DIW, Berlin

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  15. Labour market inequality and the changing life cycle profile of male and female wages
    Autor*in: Blundell, Richard W.; Lopez, Hugo; Ziliak, James P.
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, [London]

    We estimate the distribution of life cycle wages for cohorts of prime-age men and women in the US. A quantile selection model is used to consistently recover the full distribution of wages accounting for systematic differences in employment,... mehr

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    We estimate the distribution of life cycle wages for cohorts of prime-age men and women in the US. A quantile selection model is used to consistently recover the full distribution of wages accounting for systematic differences in employment, permitting us to construct gender- and education-specific age-wage profiles, as well as measures of life cycle inequality within- and between-education groups and gender. Although common within-group time effects are shown to be a key driver of labor market inequalities, important additional differences by birth cohort emerge with older cohorts of higher educated men partly protected from the lower skill prices of the 1970s. The gender wage gap is found to increase sharply across the distribution in the first half of working life, coinciding with fertility cycles of women. After age 40, there has been substantial gender wage convergence in recent cohorts relative to those born prior to the 1950s.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / lnstitute for Fiscal Studies ; 23, 16
    Schlagworte: Wage Inequality; Life Cycle Earnings; Employment; Quantile Selection; Gender Gaps
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Cyclical move to opportunities
    Autor*in: Faia, Ester; Shabalina, Ekaterina
    Erschienen: 22 October 2023
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP18546
    Schlagworte: Occupational Mobility; Uninsurable Income Shocks; Heterogenous Skills; Wage Inequality; Discrete Choice Optimization; Distributional Consequences of Tech-nology
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 67 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Immunity-driven comparative advantage and its palliative effect on social health and inequality
    a theoretical perspective
    Autor*in: Marjit, Sugata; Das, Gouranga Gopal
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Global Labor Organization (GLO), Essen

    We propose a model of "trade" between high income and low-income groups where the rich being scared of the spread of infection hires the poor to engage them in exposure-intensive outdoor activities as workers in the household industry. People who... mehr

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    We propose a model of "trade" between high income and low-income groups where the rich being scared of the spread of infection hires the poor to engage them in exposure-intensive outdoor activities as workers in the household industry. People who endure hardships and sustain exposure to unhygienic conditions may develop stronger immunity to fight the ongoing pandemic than members of the privileged class. The low-income group has greater endowment of immunity to income and for the rich it is lower. If such exchange takes place, essentially less immune people are withdrawn from exposure intensive activities and are being substituted by more immune workers. Thus, the spread and fatality will reduce with such a trade. The greater is the inequality, the more would be demand for labor for such work resulting in greater volume of such trade between low income and high-income workers. Thus, spread of the disease will be lower for countries where inequality is high. Later under a general equilibrium setting, we show that, ceteris paribus, a pandemic with a significant threat of infection and fatality would mean greater demand for poor workers; their income would rise and inequality would decline. If the pandemic increases demand for the top skilled, such as the case with virtual activities and derived demand for low skilled, relative wage for the top and bottom would increase.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: GLO discussion paper ; no. 1252
    Schlagworte: Covid; Exposure-intensity; Gig economy; Wage Inequality; Herd-immunity; Comparative Advantage; Welfare; General Equilibrium
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Education expansion and income inequality
    empirical evidence from China
    Autor*in: Hu, Xiaoshan; Wan, Guanghua; Zuo, Congmin
    Erschienen: 4 December 2023
    Verlag:  BOFIT, the Bank of Finland Institute for Emerging Economies, Helsinki

    Education has long been perceived as a great equalizer, but even with universal rises in schooling years, income distribution worsened world-wide. We propose a method for decomposing the contribution of a variable to the change in inequality into... mehr

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    Education has long been perceived as a great equalizer, but even with universal rises in schooling years, income distribution worsened world-wide. We propose a method for decomposing the contribution of a variable to the change in inequality into mean, dispersion, and price components. The proposed method is then used to investigate the roles of the education variable in driving down China's wage inequality between 2010 and 2018. We find that (1) education accounted for over 30% of total wage inequality in 2010 and 2018; (2) 70% of the overall decline in wage inequality from 2010 to 2018 can be attributed to education expansion, and (3) the 70% inequality-reducing effect was made up of 95% benign dispersion and price components and 25% malign mean component. The benign components are attributable to an improvement in educational equity and a decrease in the college premium.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: BOFIT discussion papers ; 2023, 7
    Schlagworte: Education Expansion; Wage Inequality; Rate of Return to Education; China
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Redistributive income taxation with directed technical change
    Autor*in: Löbbing, Jonas
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, [München]

    What are the implications of (endogenous) directed technical change for the design of redistributive income taxes? I study this question in a Mirrleesian economy augmented to include endogenous technology development and adoption choices by firms.... mehr

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    What are the implications of (endogenous) directed technical change for the design of redistributive income taxes? I study this question in a Mirrleesian economy augmented to include endogenous technology development and adoption choices by firms. Under certain conditions, any progressive tax reform induces technical change that compresses the pre-tax wage distribution. The key intuition is that progressive tax reforms tend to increase labor supply of less skilled relative to more skilled workers, which induces firms to develop and use technologies that are more complementary to the less skilled. These directed technical change effects make the optimal tax scheme more progressive, raising marginal tax rates at the right tail of the income distribution and lowering them at the left tail. For reasonable calibrations, the impact of directed technical change on the optimal tax is quantitatively important: optimal marginal tax rates are reduced substantially for incomes below the median and increase monotonically over the bulk of the income distribution instead of being U-shaped (as in most of the previous literature).

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 420 (August 25, 2023)
    Schlagworte: Optimal Taxation; Directed Technical Change; Endogenous Technical Change; Wage Inequality
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 94 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Employer power, labor saving technical change, and inequality
    Autor*in: Chau, Nancy H.; Kanbur, Ravi
    Erschienen: May 2018
    Verlag:  Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: May 2018
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Charles H. Dyson School of Applied Economics and Management, Cornell University ; WP 2018, 04 (May 2018)
    Schlagworte: Employer Power; Labor Saving Technical Change; Wage Inequality; Search Model; Equilibrium Wage Distribution
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. Skilled-labor intensity differences across firms, product quality, and wage inequality
    Autor*in: Whang, Unjung
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Center for Economic Analysis, Dep. of Economics, Univ. of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colo.

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion papers in economics / Center for Economic Analysis Department of Economics, University of Colorado at Boulder ; 13-04
    Schlagworte: Skill Intensity Differences; Trade Liberalization; Heterogeneous Quality; Quality Competition; Wage Inequality
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  22. Export and the labor market
    a dynamic model with on-the-job search
    Autor*in: Suverato, Davide
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano, [Milano]

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Development studies working papers / Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano ; 368
    Schlagworte: International Trade; Unemployment; Wage Inequality; Firm Dynamics
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (42 S.), graph. Darst.
  23. Growth in within graduate wage inequality
    the role of subjects, cognitive skill dispersion and occupational concentration
    Autor*in: Lindley, Joanne; McIntosh, Steven
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  Univ. of Sheffield, Dep. of Economics, Sheffield

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    VS 202 (2014,1)
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Sheffield economic research paper series ; 2014001
    Schlagworte: Wage Inequality; Subject of Degree; Graduates
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (34 S.), graph. Darst.
  24. Inefficient labor market sorting
    Autor*in: Eckel, Carsten; Yeaple, Stephen R.
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Collaborative Research Center Transregio 190, [München]

    A growing empirical literature attributes much of the productivity advantages of large, "superstar" firms to their adoption of best practice management techniques that allow them to better identify and use talented workers. The reasons for the... mehr

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    A growing empirical literature attributes much of the productivity advantages of large, "superstar" firms to their adoption of best practice management techniques that allow them to better identify and use talented workers. The reasons for the incomplete adoption of these "structured management practices" and their welfare implications are not well understood. This paper provides a positive and normative analysis of these issues in a theoretical framework in which structured management practices induce sorting of talent across firms. Incomplete adoption arises because worker talent is in limited supply. In equilibrium there is excessive adoption of structured management practices and too much sorting of talented workers into large firms. In this second-best environment, policy changes that favor large firms, such as trade liberalization, have the potential to lower welfare.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/282129
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Rationality & Competition, CRC TRR 190 ; no. 437 (October 23, 2023)
    Schlagworte: Labor Market Imperfections; Misallocation; Productivity; Wage Inequality; International Trade; Welfare
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 52 Seiten), Illustrationen
  25. Betting on exports
    trade and endogenous heterogeneity
    Autor*in: Bonfiglioli, Alessandra; Crinò, Rosario; Gancia, Gino Alessandro
    Erschienen: April 2016
    Verlag:  [Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business], [Barcelona]

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This draft: April 2016
    Schriftenreihe: [Working papers / Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Department of Economics and Business ; 1460]
    Schlagworte: Firm Heterogeneity; Productivity Dispersion; Wage Inequality; InternationalTrade
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten)