Suchergebnisse

Optimal fiscal spending and reserve accumulation policies under volatile aid

Autor*in: Moldovan, Ioana R.; Yang, Shu-Chun S.; Zanna, Luis-Felipe

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

This paper assesses the optimal setting of fiscal spending and foreign exchange rate intervention policies in response to volatile foreign aid, in a small open economy model that incorporates typical features of low-income countries. Within a class... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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This paper assesses the optimal setting of fiscal spending and foreign exchange rate intervention policies in response to volatile foreign aid, in a small open economy model that incorporates typical features of low-income countries. Within a class of policy rules, it jointly considers the optimal aid spending and international reserve accumulation policies. The results show that it is optimal to adjust government spending gradually in response to unpredictable fluctuations in aid, while partially accumulating foreign exchange reserves to offset Dutch disease effects. Also, allocating relatively more of the government spending to productive public investment, and less to government consumption, is welfare improving

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498312110
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498312110.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 126
Schlagworte:	Banks and Banking; Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Foreign Aid; Fiscal Policy; Foreign Exchange; One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models; Economywide Country Studies: Africa; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock; Monetary Policy; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General; Public finance & taxation; Macroeconomics; Banking; Public investment spending; Consumption; Reserves accumulation; Expenditure; Private consumption; National accounts; Central banks; Consumption; Economics; Public investments; Foreign exchange reserves; Expenditures, Public
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen

Public investment in Bolivia

prospects and implications

Autor*in: Endegnanew, Yehenew; Birhanu Tessema, Dawit

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

Bolivia's 'Patriotic Agenda 2025' sets targets for social and economic development propelled by state-led industrialization under a five-year development plan (2016-2020). Large-scale public investment has aimed to fill infrastructure gaps and raise... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Bolivia's 'Patriotic Agenda 2025' sets targets for social and economic development propelled by state-led industrialization under a five-year development plan (2016-2020). Large-scale public investment has aimed to fill infrastructure gaps and raise productivity to ensure sustained medium-term growth. Pursuit of these goals in a period of lower hydrocarbon revenues has, however, contributed to widening fiscal and external current account deficits. The paper uses a structural model to outline different scenarios for the level of public investment in the face of declining hydrocarbon revenues. It finds that if public investment is sustained at current levels as a share of GDP while hydrocarbon revenues continue to decline, the sustainability of the public debt could be called into question

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498319317
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498319317.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 151
Schlagworte:	Investments: General; Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Industries: Energy; Fiscal Policy; Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt; Forecasts of Budgets, Deficits, and Debt; Institutions and Growth; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock; Hydrocarbon Resources; Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Public finance & taxation; Macroeconomics; Petroleum, oil & gas industries; Public investment spending; Natural gas sector; Public debt; Private investment; Private consumption; Expenditure; Economic sectors; National accounts; Public investments; Gas industry; Debts, Public; Saving and investment; Consumption; Economics
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen

People's Republic of China

selected issues

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

This Selected Issues paper focuses on the drivers, implications and outlook for China's shrinking current account surplus. Although cyclical factors helped in 2018, the trend decline has been largely structural, driven by rebalancing, appreciation of... mehr

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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This Selected Issues paper focuses on the drivers, implications and outlook for China's shrinking current account surplus. Although cyclical factors helped in 2018, the trend decline has been largely structural, driven by rebalancing, appreciation of the real effective exchange rate toward equilibrium, increase in outbound tourism, and moderation in goods surplus reflecting market saturation and China's faster growth compared with trading partners. Policies should focus on continued rebalancing and opening to ensure excessive surpluses do not return; and to prepare the economy and the financial system to handle more volatile capital flows. From a global perspective, the decline in China's surplus has lowered global imbalances, with different impact across countries, with the trade balances of Korea, Germany, Brazil improving vis-a-vis China, while that of Japan, India, and Indonesia deteriorating. Further declines in the current account surplus will reduce excess global imbalances-a positive development for global stability

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513511252
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513511252.002
Schriftenreihe:	IMF country reports ; 19, 274
Schlagworte:	Exports and Imports; Finance: General; Macroeconomics; Money and Monetary Policy; Taxation; Trade: General; Empirical Studies of Trade; Current Account Adjustment; Short-term Capital Movements; Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; International economics; Monetary economics; Macroeconomics; Finance; Public finance & taxation; Imports; Trade balance; Current account surpluses; Exports; Credit; International trade; Balance of payments; Money; Balance of trade; Imports; Balance of payments; Credit; Exports
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 61 Seiten), Illustrationen

New Zealand

selected issues

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

This Selected Issues paper discusses interactions between external risks and the New Zealand economy. The current set of external risks has the potential to be extremely damaging to New Zealand, but two factors would likely mitigate the economic... mehr

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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This Selected Issues paper discusses interactions between external risks and the New Zealand economy. The current set of external risks has the potential to be extremely damaging to New Zealand, but two factors would likely mitigate the economic impact. First, the flexible exchange rate regime is a reliable shock absorber and automatic stabilizer from the perspective of GDP, although it leads to a rebalancing between the domestic and external sectors in the economy. Second, net migration flows can reduce the negative impact of lower external demand under some circumstances, such as a growth slowdown in Australia. Fiscal policy could also offset some of the short-term costs of adjustment. Fiscal policy can provide stimulus at relatively small and manageable cost to the already-low government debt to GDP ratio. Moreover, at the current juncture, fiscal policy might need to provide the bulk of policy support against negative shocks, as monetary policy might be ineffective if has become constrained by an effective lower bound on the monetary policy interest rate

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513514765
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513514765.002
Schriftenreihe:	IMF country reports ; 19, 304
Schlagworte:	Investments: Commodities; Finance: General; Macroeconomics; Emigration and Immigration; General Financial Markets: Government Policy and Regulation; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; International Migration; Macroeconomics; Finance; Migration, immigration & emigration; Health economics; Investment & securities; Financial sector stability; Consumption; Macroprudential policy; Income; Migration; Financial sector policy and analysis; National accounts; Population and demographics; Financial services industry; Consumption; Economics; Economic policy; Income; Emigration and immigration
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen

Informality, frictions, and macroprudential policy

Autor*in: Ben Hassine, Moez; Rebei, Nooman

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

We analyze the effects of macroprudential policies through the lens of an estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model tailored to developing markets. In particular, we explicitly introduce informality in the labor and goods markets... mehr

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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We analyze the effects of macroprudential policies through the lens of an estimated dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model tailored to developing markets. In particular, we explicitly introduce informality in the labor and goods markets within a small open economy embedding financial frictions, nominal and real rigidities, labor search and matching, and an explicit banking sector. We use the estimated version of the model to run welfare analysis under optimized monetary and macroprudential rules. Results show that although informality reduces the efficiency of macroprudential policies following a convex fashion, combining the latter with an inflation targeting objective could be beneficial

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498320856
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498320856.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 255
Schlagworte:	Banks and Banking; Infrastructure; Labor; Macroeconomics; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Labor Demand; Banks; Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Economic Development: Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure; Labor Economics: General; Macroeconomics; Labour; income economics; Banking; Macroprudential policy; Self-employment; Banking; Consumption; Housing; Financial sector policy and analysis; Labor; National accounts; Economic policy; Self-employed; Banks and banking; Consumption; Economics; Saving and investment; Labor economics
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen

Assessing macro-financial risks of household debt in China

Autor*in: Han, Fei; Jurzyk, Emilia; Guo, Wei; He, Yun; Rendak, Nadia

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

High household indebtedness could constrain future consumption growth and increase financial stability risks. This paper uses household survey data to analyze both macroeconomic and finanical stability risks from the rapidly rising household debt in... mehr

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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High household indebtedness could constrain future consumption growth and increase financial stability risks. This paper uses household survey data to analyze both macroeconomic and finanical stability risks from the rapidly rising household debt in China. We find that rising household indebtedness could boost consumption in the short term, while reducing it in the medium-to-long term. By stress testing households' debt repayment capacity, we find that low-income households are most vulnerable to adverse income shocks which could lead to signficant defaults. Containing these risks would call for a strengthening of systemic risk assessment and macroprudential policies of the household sector. Other policies include improving the credit registry system and establishing a well-functioning personal insolvency framework

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513516073
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513516073.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 258
Schlagworte:	Macroeconomics; Real Estate; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Housing Supply and Markets; Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Household Analysis: General; Macroeconomics; Property & real estate; Income; Consumption; Housing prices; Household consumption; Income shocks; National accounts; Prices; Income; Consumption; Economics; Housing; Prices
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen

Disposal is not free

fiscal instruments to internalize the environmental costs of solid waste

Autor*in: Matheson, Thornton

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

This paper provides an overview of global solid waste generation, its environmental costs, and fiscal instruments that can be used to encourage waste reduction and finance proper disposal. Countries-especially island nations--struggle to manage an... mehr

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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This paper provides an overview of global solid waste generation, its environmental costs, and fiscal instruments that can be used to encourage waste reduction and finance proper disposal. Countries-especially island nations--struggle to manage an ever-increasing volume of solid waste, generation of which is projected to exceed 2 billion tons a year by 2025. Although solid waste management is usually relegated to subnational governments, externalities from inadequate management, which include greenhouse gas emissions and ocean plastic pollution, reach global scale. National governments thus play a critical role in creating incentives for waste minimization and ensuring adequate resources for proper waste management. This paper evaluates potential fiscal instruments to achieve these goals, particularly in developing country policy environments

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513521589
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513521589.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 283
Schlagworte:	Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Environmental Economics; Environmental Conservation and Protection; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General; Climate; Natural Disasters and Their Management; Global Warming; Environmental Economics: General; Macroeconomics; Public finance & taxation; Climate change; Environmental economics; Income; Consumption; Public expenditure review; Greenhouse gas emissions; Environment; National accounts; Expenditure; Income; Consumption; Economics; Expenditures, Public; Greenhouse gases; Environmental sciences
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen

Is the public investment multiplier higher in developing countries?

an empirical exploration

Autor*in: Izquierdo, Alejandro; Lama C., Ruy; Medina, Juan Pablo; Puig, Jorge; Riera-Crichton, Daniel; Végh, Carlos A.; Vuletin, Guillermo

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

Over the last decade, empirical studies analyzing macroeconomic conditions that may affect the size of government spending multipliers have flourished. Yet, in spite of their obvious public policy importance, little is known about public investment... mehr

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Over the last decade, empirical studies analyzing macroeconomic conditions that may affect the size of government spending multipliers have flourished. Yet, in spite of their obvious public policy importance, little is known about public investment multipliers. In particular, the clear theoretical implication that public investment multipliers should be higher (lower) the lower (higher) is the initial stock of public capital has not, to the best of our knowledge, been tested. This paper tackles this empirical challenge and finds robust evidence in favor of the above hypothesis: countries with a low initial stock of public capital (as a proportion of GDP) have significantly higher public investment multipliers than countries with a high initial stock of public capital. This key finding seems robust to the sample (European countries, U.S. states, and Argentine provinces) and to the identification method (Blanchard-Perotti, forecast errors, and instrumental variables). Our results thus suggest that public investment in developing countries would carry high returns

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513521114
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513521114.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 289
Schlagworte:	Investments: General; Investments: Stocks; Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity; Business Fluctuations; Cycles; Fiscal Policy; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock; Pension Funds; Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Public finance & taxation; Investment & securities; Macroeconomics; Public investment spending; Stocks; Expenditure; Government consumption; Private investment; Financial institutions; National accounts; Public investments; Stocks; Expenditures, Public; Consumption; Economics; Saving and investment
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen

Innovate to lead or innovate to prevail

when do monopolistic rents induce growth?

Autor*in: Piazza, Roberto; Zheng, Yu

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

This paper extends the Schumpeterian model of creative destruction by allowing followers' cost of innovation to increase in their technological distance from the leader. This assumption is motivated by the observation the more technologically ad-... mehr

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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VS 301

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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This paper extends the Schumpeterian model of creative destruction by allowing followers' cost of innovation to increase in their technological distance from the leader. This assumption is motivated by the observation the more technologically ad- vanced the leader is, the harder it is for a follower to leapfrog without incurring extra cost for using leader's patented knowledge. Under this R and D cost structure, leaders innovate to increase their technological advantage so that followers will eventually stop innovating, allowing leadership to prevail. A new steady state then emerges featuring both leaders and followers innovating in few industries with low aggregate growth

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513512518
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513512518.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 294
Schlagworte:	Labor; Macroeconomics; Demand and Supply of Labor: General; Professional Labor Markets; Occupational Licensing; Labor Economics: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights: General; Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General; Labour; income economics; Macroeconomics; Technology; general issues; Labor supply; Skilled labor; Labor; Consumption; Technology; National accounts; Wages; Labor market; Labor economics; Consumption; Economics; Technology; Wages
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen

Entry costs and the macroeconomy

Autor*in: Gutiérrez Gallardo, Germán; Jones, Callum; Philippon, Thomas

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

We combine a structural model with cross-sectional micro data to identify the causes and consequences of rising concentration in the US economy. Using asset prices and industry data, we estimate realized and anticipated shocks that drive entry and... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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keine Fernleihe

Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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VS 301

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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We combine a structural model with cross-sectional micro data to identify the causes and consequences of rising concentration in the US economy. Using asset prices and industry data, we estimate realized and anticipated shocks that drive entry and concentration. We validate our approach by showing that the model-implied entry shocks correlate with independently constructed measures of entry regulations and M and As. We conclude that entry costs have risen in the U.S. over the past 20 years and have depressed capital and consumption by about seven percent

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513512945
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513512945.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 233
Schlagworte:	Banks and Banking; Corporate Finance; Finance: General; Investments: Stocks; Macroeconomics; Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Corporate Finance and Governance: General; General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data); Pension Funds; Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors; Finance; Macroeconomics; Ownership & organization of enterprises; Investment & securities; Zero lower bound; Consumption; Corporate sector; Competition; Stocks; Financial services; National accounts; Economic sectors; Financial markets; Financial institutions; Interest rates; Consumption; Economics; Business enterprises; Competition; Stocks
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen

Pricing sovereign debt in oil-rich economies

Autor*in: McGregor, Thomas

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

How do oil price movements affect sovereign spreads in an oil-dependent economy? I develop a stochastic general equilibrium model of an economy exposed to co-moving oil price and output processes, with endogenous sovereign default risk. The model... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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VS 301

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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How do oil price movements affect sovereign spreads in an oil-dependent economy? I develop a stochastic general equilibrium model of an economy exposed to co-moving oil price and output processes, with endogenous sovereign default risk. The model explains a large proportion of business cycle fluctuations in interest-rate spreads in oil-exporting emerging market economies, particularly the countercyclicallity of interest rate spreads and oil prices. Higher risk-aversion, more impatient governments, larger oil shares and a stronger correlation between domestic output and oil price shocks all lead to stronger co-movements between risk premiums and the oil price

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513516431
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513516431.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 240
Schlagworte:	Finance: General; Macroeconomics; Taxation; Business Fluctuations; Cycles; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; International Lending and Debt Problems; International Financial Markets; Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt; Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development; Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices; Price Level; Inflation; Deflation; General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data); Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Business Taxes and Subsidies; Macroeconomics; Finance; Public finance & taxation; Oil prices; Asset prices; Emerging and frontier financial markets; Consumption; Oil, gas and mining taxes; Prices; Financial markets; National accounts; Taxes; Prices; Financial services industry; Consumption; Economics; Taxation
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen

Does child marriage matter for growth?

Autor*in: Mitra, Pritha; Pondi Endengle, Eric M.; Pant, Malika; Almeida, Luiz F.

Erschienen: 2020

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

Global attention to ending child marriage and its socio-economic consequences is gaining momentum. Ending child marriage is not only critical from a development perspective but it also has important economic implications. This paper is the first to... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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VS 301

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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Global attention to ending child marriage and its socio-economic consequences is gaining momentum. Ending child marriage is not only critical from a development perspective but it also has important economic implications. This paper is the first to quantify the relationship between child marriage and economic growth. Applying a simultaneous equations model, the analysis shows that eliminating child marriage would significantly improve economic growth-if child marriage were ended today, long-term annual per capita real GDP growth in emerging and developing countries would increase by 1.05 percentage points. The results also provide insights on policy prioritization in developing comprehensive strategies to end child marriage. For example, the strong interdependent relationship between education and child marriage suggests that education policies and the budgets that support them should place greater emphasis on reducing child marriage

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513528823
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513528823.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/20, 27
Schlagworte:	Labor; Macroeconomics; Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth; Health: General; Education: General; Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Labor Standards: Labor Force Composition; Health economics; Education; Labour; income economics; Macroeconomics; Health; Education; Human capital; Government consumption; Labor force participation; Health; Education; Human capital; Consumption; Economics; Labor market
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Rethinking fiscal policy in oil-exporting countries

Autor*in: Mirzoev, Tokhir; Zhu, Ling

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

We examine the existing fiscal policy paradigm in commodity-exporting countries. First, we argue that its centerpiece-the permanent income hypothesis (PIH)-is not consistent with either intergenerational equity or long-term sustainability in the... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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LZ 142

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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We examine the existing fiscal policy paradigm in commodity-exporting countries. First, we argue that its centerpiece-the permanent income hypothesis (PIH)-is not consistent with either intergenerational equity or long-term sustainability in the presence of uncertainty. Policies to achieve these goals need to be more prudent and better anchored than the PIH. Second, we point out the presence of a volatility tradeoff between government spending and wealth and re-assess long-held views on the appropriate fiscal anchors, the vice of procyclicality, and the (im)possibility of simultaneously smoothing consumption and ensuring intergenerational equity and sustainability. Finally, we propose what we call a prudent wealth stabilization policy that would be more consistent with long-term fiscal policy goals, yet relatively simple to implement and communicate

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498314749
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498314749.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 108
Schlagworte:	Investments: Stocks; Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Fiscal Policy; Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents: General; Resource Booms; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: General; Pension Funds; Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors; Macroeconomics; Public finance & taxation; Investment & securities; Consumption; Oil prices; Expenditure; Stocks; Fiscal policy; National accounts; Prices; Financial institutions; Consumption; Economics; Prices; Expenditures, Public; Stocks; Fiscal policy
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 42 Seiten), Illustrationen

Export diversification in low-income countries and small states

do country size and income level matter?

Autor*in: Lee, Dongyeol; Zhang, Huan

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

Export structure is less diversified in low-income countries (LICs) and especially small states that face resource constraints and small economic size. This paper explores the potential linkages between export structure and economic growth and its... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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LZ 142

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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Export structure is less diversified in low-income countries (LICs) and especially small states that face resource constraints and small economic size. This paper explores the potential linkages between export structure and economic growth and its volatility in LICs and small states, using a range of indices of export concentration differing in the coverage of industries. The empirical analysis finds that export diversification may promote economic growth and reduce economic volatility in these countries. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrates that the economic benefits of export diversification differ by country size and income level-there are bigger benefits for relatively larger and poorer countries within the group of LICs and small states

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498315654
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498315654.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 118
Schlagworte:	Exports and Imports; Macroeconomics; Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development; Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology; Development Planning and Policy: General; Trade: General; Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; International economics; Macroeconomics; Export diversification; Exports; Personal income; Government consumption; Export performance; Exports; Income; Consumption; Economics
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Analyzing the effects of financial and housing wealth on consumption using micro data

Autor*in: Caceres, Carlos

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

This paper analyzes the existence of 'wealth effects' derived from net equity (in the form of housing, financial assets, and total net worth) on consumption. The study uses longitudinal household-level data?from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

Standort:

Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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keine Fernleihe

Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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LZ 142

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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This paper analyzes the existence of 'wealth effects' derived from net equity (in the form of housing, financial assets, and total net worth) on consumption. The study uses longitudinal household-level data?from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) ?covering about 7,000-9,000 households in the U.S., with the estimations carried over the period 1999-2017. Overall, wealth effects are found to be relatively large and significant for housing wealth, but less so for other types of wealth, including stocks. Furthermore, the analysis shows how these estimated marginal propensities to consume (MPC) from wealth are closely linked to household characteristics, including income and demographic factors. Finally, underlying structural changes in household characteristics point to potentially lower aggregate MPCs from wealth going forward

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498316477
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498316477.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 115
Schlagworte:	Infrastructure; Macroeconomics; Real Estate; Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis; Personal Finance; Household Behavior and Family Economics: Other; Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions; Intertemporal Choice and Growth: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Demographic Economics: General; Urban, Rural, and Regional Economics: Household Analysis: General; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; Economic Development: Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure; Housing Supply and Markets; Macroeconomics; Property & real estate; Income; Consumption; Housing; Housing prices; Household consumption; National accounts; Prices; Income; Consumption; Economics; Saving and investment; Housing; Prices
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen

More gray, more volatile?

aging and (optimal) monetary policy

Autor*in: Baksa, Daniel; Munkacsi, Zsuzsa

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

The evidence on the inflation impact of aging is mixed, and there is no evidence regarding the volatility of inflation. Based on advanced economies' data and a DSGE-OLG model, we find that aging leads to downward pressure on inflation and higher... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

Standort:

Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

Fernleihe:

keine Fernleihe

Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

Standort:

Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

Fernleihe:

keine Fernleihe

Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

Standort:

ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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LZ 142

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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The evidence on the inflation impact of aging is mixed, and there is no evidence regarding the volatility of inflation. Based on advanced economies' data and a DSGE-OLG model, we find that aging leads to downward pressure on inflation and higher inflation volatility. Our paper is also the first, using this framework, to discuss how aging affects the transmission channels of monetary policy. We are also the first to examine aging and optimal central bank policies. As aging redistributes wealth among generations and the labor force becomes more scarce, our model suggests that aging makes monetary policy less effective and in more gray societies central banks should react more strongly to nominal variables

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513509082
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513509082.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 198
Schlagworte:	Banks and Banking; Inflation; Labor; Macroeconomics; Demography; Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-labor Market Discrimination; Price Level; Inflation; Deflation; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects; Demand and Supply of Labor: General; Monetary Policy; Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts; Macroeconomics; Population & demography; Finance; Labour; income economics; Aging; Inflation; Consumption; Real interest rates; Labor supply; Population and demographics; Prices; National accounts; Financial services; Labor; Population aging; Prices; Consumption; Economics; Interest rates; Labor market
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen

Global fossil fuel subsidies remain large

an update based on country-level estimates

Autor*in: Coady, David P.; Parry, Ian W. H.; Le, Nghia-Piotr; Shang, Baoping

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

This paper updates estimates of fossil fuel subsidies, defined as fuel consumption times the gap between existing and efficient prices (i.e., prices warranted by supply costs, environmental costs, and revenue considerations), for 191 countries.... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

Standort:

Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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keine Fernleihe

Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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LZ 142

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Standort:

Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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E_Book IMF

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This paper updates estimates of fossil fuel subsidies, defined as fuel consumption times the gap between existing and efficient prices (i.e., prices warranted by supply costs, environmental costs, and revenue considerations), for 191 countries. Globally, subsidies remained large at USD 4.7 trillion (6.3 percent of global GDP) in 2015 and are projected at USD 5.2 trillion (6.5 percent of GDP) in 2017. The largest subsidizers in 2015 were China (USD 1.4 trillion), United States (USD 649 billion), Russia (USD 551 billion), European Union (USD 289 billion), and India (USD 209 billion). About three quarters of global subsidies are due to domestic factors-energy pricing reform thus remains largely in countries' own national interest-while coal and petroleum together account for 85 percent of global subsidies. Efficient fossil fuel pricing in 2015 would have lowered global carbon emissions by 28 percent and fossil fuel air pollution deaths by 46 percent, and increased government revenue by 3.8 percent of GDP

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781484393178
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781484393178.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 89
Schlagworte:	Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Environmental Economics; Natural Resources; Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Demand and Supply; Hydrocarbon Resources; Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: Government Policy; Energy: Government Policy; Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies; Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices; Nonrenewable Resources and Conservation: General; Environmental Economics: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Macroeconomics; Energy industries & utilities; Environmental management; Environmental economics; Energy subsidies; Fuel prices; Non-renewable resources; Environment; Consumption; Expenditure; Prices; National accounts; Expenditures, Public; Prices; Natural resources; Environmental sciences; Consumption; Economics
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The impact of remittances on economic activity

the importance of sectoral linkages

Autor*in: Dridi, Jemma; Gursoy, Tunc; Perez-Saiz, Hector; Bari, Mounir

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

We propose a simple macroeconomic model with input-output sectoral linkages based on Acemoglu and others (2016) to quantify how changes in aggregate demand due to additional income from household's remittances propagates through the network of... mehr

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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We propose a simple macroeconomic model with input-output sectoral linkages based on Acemoglu and others (2016) to quantify how changes in aggregate demand due to additional income from household's remittances propagates through the network of input-output linkages in Sub-Saharan African countries. We first propose two network centrality measures to assess the role of some sectors as key input providers in the economy. Then, we use these measures to quantify the effect of sectoral linkages on sectoral and total output following an increase in remittances inflows. Our empirical results suggest that the effects of remittances on recipient economies increase with the degree of linkages across sectors, which is especially prominent in the case of the financial intermediation sector. Our paper contributes to the emerging macroeconomic literature on the propagation of shocks across sectors and the implications for the whole economy

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498324489
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498324489.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 175
Schlagworte:	Exports and Imports; Labor; Macroeconomics; Remittances; Input-Output Models; One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models; Network Formation and Analysis: Theory; Macroeconomics: Production; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Demand and Supply of Labor: General; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; International economics; Macroeconomics; Labour; income economics; Remittances; Production growth; Consumption; Labor supply; Income; Balance of payments; Production; National accounts; Labor; International finance; Production; Economic theory; Consumption; Economics; Labor market; Income
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Optimal macroprudential policy and asset price bubbles

Autor*in: Biljanovska, Nina; Górnicka, Lucyna; Vardoulakis, Alexandros

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

An asset bubble relaxes collateral constraints and increases borrowing by credit-constrained agents. At the same time, as the bubble deflates when constraints start binding, it amplifies downturns. We show analytically and quantitatively that the... mehr

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An asset bubble relaxes collateral constraints and increases borrowing by credit-constrained agents. At the same time, as the bubble deflates when constraints start binding, it amplifies downturns. We show analytically and quantitatively that the macroprudential policy should optimally respond to building asset price bubbles non-monotonically depending on the underlying level of indebtedness. If the level of debt is moderate, policy should accommodate the bubble to reduce the incidence of a binding collateral constraint. If debt is elevated, policy should lean against the bubble more aggressively to mitigate the pecuniary externalities from a deflating bubble when constraints bind

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513511078
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513511078.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 184
Schlagworte:	Financial Risk Management; Macroeconomics; Money and Monetary Policy; Industries: Financial Services; Finance: General; Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy; Banks; Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages; Financial Crises; Price Level; Inflation; Deflation; Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data); Finance; Economic & financial crises & disasters; Macroeconomics; Monetary economics; Collateral; Asset bubbles; Asset prices; Credit; Consumption; Financial institutions; Financial crises; Prices; Money; National accounts; Stock markets; Financial markets; Loans; Financial crises; Prices; Credit; Consumption; Economics; Stock exchanges
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Advancing inclusive growth in Cambodia

Autor*in: Hansen, Niels-Jakob Harbo; Gjonbalaj, Albe

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

We evaluate the impact of fiscal reforms on growth and inequality in Cambodia using a calibrated general equilibrium model with heterogeneous agents (Peralta-Alva and others, 2018). Over the last two decades, Cambodia's consumption inequality and... mehr

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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We evaluate the impact of fiscal reforms on growth and inequality in Cambodia using a calibrated general equilibrium model with heterogeneous agents (Peralta-Alva and others, 2018). Over the last two decades, Cambodia's consumption inequality and poverty have declined. However, income inequality is higher, and large gaps remain between urban and rural residents. At the same time, domestic revenue mobilization has improved substantially, but collection of tax revenue is biased towards non-progressive sources. We use the model to evaluate the growth and inequality impact of reforms that increase infrastructure spending by raising (i) VAT, (ii) property tax, or (iii) personal income tax. We find that using property taxes delivers the largest increase in GDP and reduction in inequality. Reaping the gains from property taxation will however require additional investments in tax administration

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
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Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513510552
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513510552.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 187
Schlagworte:	Macroeconomics; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Macroeconomics; Income; Personal income; Consumption; Income inequality; Income distribution; National accounts; Income; Income distribution; Consumption; Economics
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Germany

selected issues

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

This Selected Issues paper explores wealth inequality and private savings in Germany. Trends in increasing corporate profits and gross savings have widened top income inequality, as corporations are typically owned by households in the top of the... mehr

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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This Selected Issues paper explores wealth inequality and private savings in Germany. Trends in increasing corporate profits and gross savings have widened top income inequality, as corporations are typically owned by households in the top of the wealth distribution. The impact on income inequality is more pronounced in countries where the rise in profitability was a result of lower wage growth and labor income shares to start with, as was the case in Germany. The evidence strongly suggests this is not the case and underscores the important role of German business wealth concentration in this context. As high corporate savings and underlying profits largely reflect capital income accruing to wealthy households and increasingly retained in closely-held firms, the build-up of external imbalance has been accompanied by widening top income inequality, rising private savings and compressed consumption rates. The concentration of privately held and publicly listed firm ownership in the hands of industrial dynasties and institutional investors is especially prevalent in Germany, possibly reflecting distortions in firm entry, financing conditions and tax incentives

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498324632
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498324632.002
Schriftenreihe:	IMF country reports ; 19, 214
Schlagworte:	Macroeconomics; Personal Finance -Taxation; Taxation; Corporate Taxation; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; Business Taxes and Subsidies; Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Personal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions; Macroeconomics; Corporate & business tax; Public finance & taxation; Welfare & benefit systems; Income inequality; Income; Corporate income tax; Income distribution; Private savings; National accounts; Taxes; Income distribution; Income; Corporations; Taxation; Saving and investment; Social security
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Kyrgyz Republic

selected issues

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, Washington, D.C.

This Selected Issues paper identifies constraints to economic growth in the Kyrgyz Republic, using the Hausmann-Velasco-Rodrik diagnostic approach. It finds that large infrastructure gaps, weak governance and rule of law, and high cost of finance... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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This Selected Issues paper identifies constraints to economic growth in the Kyrgyz Republic, using the Hausmann-Velasco-Rodrik diagnostic approach. It finds that large infrastructure gaps, weak governance and rule of law, and high cost of finance appear to be the most binding constraints to private investment and growth. Additional critical factors are the quality of education and onerous regulations. There is room to improve both the quality and cost/efficiency of education spending. Although relatively low, labor costs have exceeded productivity growth and there is room to improve labor market efficiency. Despite important investments, the infrastructure gap remains large and the country ranks relatively low on infrastructure quality. Weak governance undermines growth through various channels: investment, human capital, and productivity. Weak institutions increase the cost of doing business and make the appropriation of investment returns less certain, overall reducing investor's risk appetite to invest. Public debt is on the high side and the composition of spending is tilted toward current spending

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
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Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498324250
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498324250.002
Schriftenreihe:	IMF country reports ; 19, 209
Schlagworte:	Investments: Energy; Investments: General; Macroeconomics; Taxation; Industries: Energy; Electric Utilities; Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations; Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity; Energy and the Macroeconomy; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Investment & securities; Public finance & taxation; Macroeconomics; Petroleum, oil & gas industries; Electricity; Tariffs; Private investment; Energy sector; Consumption; Commodities; Taxes; National accounts; Economic sectors; Electric utilities; Tariff; Saving and investment; Energy industries; Consumption; Economics
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Macroeconomic effects of reforms on three diverse oil exporters

Russia, Saudi Arabia, and the UK

Autor*in: Beidas-Strom, Samya; Lorusso, Marco

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

We build and estimate open economy two-bloc DSGE models to study the transmission and impact of shocks in Russia, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. After accounting for country-specific fiscal and monetary sectors, we estimate their key policy and... mehr

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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We build and estimate open economy two-bloc DSGE models to study the transmission and impact of shocks in Russia, Saudi Arabia and the United Kingdom. After accounting for country-specific fiscal and monetary sectors, we estimate their key policy and structural parameters. Our findings suggest that not only has output responded differently to shocks due to differing levels of diversification and structural and policy settings, but also the responses to fiscal consolidation differ: Russia would benefit from a smaller state foot-print, while in Saudi Arabia, unless this is accompanied by structural reforms that remove rigidities, output would fall. We also find that lower oil prices need not be bad news given more oil-intensive production structures. However, lower oil prices have hurt these oil producers as their public finances depend heavily on oil, among other factors. Productivity gains accompanied by ambitious structural reforms, along with fiscal and monetary reforms could support these economies to achieve better outcomes when oil prices fall, including via diversifying exports

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
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Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781498320504
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781498320504.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 214
Schlagworte:	Investments: Energy; Macroeconomics; Taxation; Bayesian Analysis: General; Price Level; Inflation; Deflation; Interest Rates: Determination, Term Structure, and Effects; Fiscal Policy; Open Economy Macroeconomics; Energy and the Macroeconomy; Energy: Demand and Supply; Prices; Labor Economics: General; Energy: General; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Business Taxes and Subsidies; Macroeconomics; Labour; income economics; Investment & securities; Public finance & taxation; Oil prices; Labor; Oil; Consumption; Oil, gas and mining taxes; Prices; Commodities; Taxes; National accounts; Prices; Labor economics; Petroleum industry and trade; Consumption; Economics; Taxation
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Macroeconomic outcomes in disaster-prone countries

Autor*in: Cantelmo, Alessandro; Melina, Giovanni; Papageorgiou, Chris

Erschienen: 2019

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

Using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model, we study the channels through which natural disaster shocks affect macroeconomic outcomes and welfare in disaster-prone countries. We solve the model using Taylor projection, a solution method... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Using a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model, we study the channels through which natural disaster shocks affect macroeconomic outcomes and welfare in disaster-prone countries. We solve the model using Taylor projection, a solution method that is shown to deal effectively with high-impact weather shocks calibrated in accordance to empirical evidence. We find large and persistent effects of weather shocks that significantly impact the income convergence path of disaster-prone countries. Relative to non-disaster-prone countries, on average, these shocks cause a welfare loss equivalent to a permanent fall in consumption of 1.6 percent. Welfare gains to countries that self-finance investments in resilient public infrastructure are found to be negligible, and international aid has to be sizable to achieve significant welfare gains. In addition, it is more cost-effective for donors to contribute to the financing of resilience before the realization of disasters, rather than disbursing aid after their realization

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
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Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781513515380
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781513515380.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/19, 217
Schlagworte:	Investments: General; Macroeconomics; Public Finance; Environmental Economics; Natural Disasters; Fiscal Policy; Foreign Aid; National Government Expenditures and Related Policies: Infrastructures; Other Public Investment and Capital Stock; Debt; Debt Management; Sovereign Debt; Fiscal and Monetary Policy in Development; Climate; Natural Disasters and Their Management; Global Warming; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Investment; Capital; Intangible Capital; Capacity; Natural disasters; Macroeconomics; Public finance & taxation; Climate change; Natural disasters; Public debt; Climate change; Consumption; Private investment; Environment; National accounts; Natural disasters; Debts, Public; Climatic changes; Consumption; Economics; Saving and investment
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China's rebalancing

recent progress, prospects and policies

Autor*in: Mano, Rui C.; Zhang, Jiayi

Erschienen: 2018

Verlag: International Monetary Fund, [Washington, DC]

While China's growth gathered momentum in 2017, rebalancing was uneven and decelerated along many dimensions reflecting the temporary factors behind the growth pickup. Going forward, rebalancing is expected to proceed as these temporary factors... mehr

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Beirut: Orient-Institut Beirut

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Orient-Institut Beirut

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Jena: Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek

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Kiel: Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

Standort:

Fachhochschule Kiel, Zentralbibliothek

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Kiel: ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel

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Leipzig: Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig

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Hochschule Albstadt-Sigmaringen, Bibliothek Sigmaringen

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Villingen-Schwenningen: Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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Duale Hochschule Baden-Württemberg Villingen-Schwenningen, Bibliothek

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While China's growth gathered momentum in 2017, rebalancing was uneven and decelerated along many dimensions reflecting the temporary factors behind the growth pickup. Going forward, rebalancing is expected to proceed as these temporary factors recede, but elevated income inequality and leverage will remain a challenge. The authorities are already pursuing several pro-rebalancing policies which could be expanded to support each dimension of rebalancing while reducing trade-offs between them

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Quelle:	Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
Sprache:	Englisch
Medientyp:	Ebook
Format:	Online
ISBN:	9781484380673
Weitere Identifier:	doi: 10.5089/9781484380673.001
Schriftenreihe:	IMF working paper ; WP/18, 243
Schlagworte:	Exports and Imports; Macroeconomics; Environmental Economics; Macroeconomics: Consumption; Saving; Wealth; Policy Objectives; Policy Designs and Consistency; Policy Coordination; General Outlook and Conditions; Aggregate Factor Income Distribution; Environmental Economics: General; Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill; Empirical Studies of Trade; Macroeconomics; Environmental economics; International economics; Income inequality; Consumption; Environment; Private debt; Trade balance; National accounts; International trade; Income distribution; Consumption; Economics; Environmental sciences; Debt; Balance of trade
Umfang:	1 Online-Ressource (circa 18 Seiten), Illustrationen

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