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  1. Literatur in Österreich 1938-1945, Steiermark : Handbuch eines literarischen Systems. Band 1: Steiermark
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  Böhlau

    The manuscript is the first volume of an encyclopedic reference work that, as the result of basic research in literary studies, represents the first systematic attempt to provide comprehensive documentation of the literary events that took place... mehr

     

    The manuscript is the first volume of an encyclopedic reference work that, as the result of basic research in literary studies, represents the first systematic attempt to provide comprehensive documentation of the literary events that took place within the official system of the Third Reich as promoted, or at least tolerated, by the decision-makers in the cultural industry more accessible, without resorting to limiting, biased attempts to define a canon. Materials will be presented for the analysis and interpretation of genesis and effects of these events and institutions. For this reason, the study is based on a functional understanding of literature and has taken key institutional elements of the literary communication system into consideration: authors and their works (including radio and film writers), scholars of German studies, the decision-makers of cultural policy (promotion/censure, literary awards), literary associations, publishing houses and theaters, anthologies and periodicals. The total control of all public creative and media activities in the year 1938 through the Third Reich dictatorship rarely provides good sources for the testing of this method. Our systematic research of the phase between 1938 and 1945 intends to create the most comprehensive description possible of the institutions within the literary system and the integration of authors. Apart from printed material in files pertaining to individuals, we primarily scrutinized the contents of the National Archive Berlin / Division on National Socialism (BDC) and what is known as the Gauakten or District Files for this purpose (the vast majority of personal information related to authors was provided by the authors themselves). The most important archival basis for the description of the institutions are files from the National Archive Koblenz (now in the National Archive Berlin) and the Municipal and Provincial Archives of Vienna.

    In the survey of material, some of the events that transpired before and after the critical Nazi years were systematically included in order to draw attention to continuities and breaks. Especially significant were literary awards and honors, which illustrate the integration of writers in the various governments from the monarchy up through the Second Republic. For this reason, we have included all such prizes that are known. The first attempt to list all literary organizations in Austria and all German-language anthologies, in which Austria texts were included, covers the period between 1933 and 1945. The subsequent period has been documented not only through literary awards and honors, but also through the inclusion of the so-called "Gauakten" in the Austrian National Archive (Österreichisches Staatsarchiv / Archiv der Republik).

    In order to explore the institutional factors of the literary sub-system in German-speaking regions, a new kind of handbook was created in accordance with this methodological approach, a combination of encyclopedia of persons and specialized dictionary, which should be combined in a network to form a whole. Another factor that led to this format was the division of Austria by the Nazis into seven divisions subject directly to the German government. Das Manuskript ist der erste Band eines lexikalischen Nachschlagewerks, das im Sinne literaturwissenschaftlicher Grundlagenforschung versucht, erstmals eine systematische, flächendeckende Dokumentation des literarischen Lebens Österreichs während der Ära des Nationalsozialismus (1938 - 1945) zu bieten. Es soll - vom methodischen Ansatz her - ohne einschränkenden, wertenden Rückgriff auf Kanonbildungen den Zugang zu jenem literarischen Geschehen öffnen, das dem offiziellen System des Dritten Reiches angehörte, das von den Lenkungsinstanzen des Kulturbetriebes gefördert, zumindest aber geduldet wurde und es soll der Analyse und Interpretation Materialien zu Entstehungs- und Wirkungsbedingungen zur Verfügung stellen. Daher geht die Untersuchung von einem funktionalen Literaturverständnis aus und umfasst die wesentlichen institutionalisierten Faktoren des literarischen Kommunikationssystems: AutorInnen und deren Werke (einschließlich Hörfunk und Film) sowie Germanisten, kulturpolitische Lenkungsinstanzen (Förderung/Zensur, Literaturpreise), literarische Vereinigungen, Verlag und Theater, Anthologien und Periodika. Für das Erproben eines derartigen methodischen Ansatzes bietet die Diktatur des Dritten Reiches durch die Totalerfassung der sich an die Öffentlichkeit richtenden schöpferischen und medialen Tätigkeit im Jahre 1938 selten gute quellenmäßige Voraussetzungen. Unsere systematischen Recherchen über die Phase von 1938 - 45 streben eine möglichst umfassende Beschreibung der Institutionen des literarischen Systems und der Integration der AutorInnen an. Zu diesem Zweck wurden außer Druckschriften im Bereich Personenakten vornehmlich die Bestände des Bundesarchivs Berlin/Abt. Deutsches Reich (BDC) und die sogenannten "Gauakten" durchforstet (der Großteil der Personaldaten bezieht sich auf eigene Angaben der Autoren). Wichtigste archivalische Basis für die Beschreibung der Institutionen sind Akten aus dem Bundesarchiv Koblenz (jetzt im BA in Berlin) und dem Wiener Stadt- und Landesarchiv.

     

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    Quelle: OAPEN
    Sprache: Deutsch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
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    Schlagworte: Literature & literary studies
    Weitere Schlagworte: Nazionalsozialism; Austria; Literature; Authors; Institutions; Graz; Magnesium; Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; Steiermark; Wien
    Umfang: 1 electronic resource (376 Seiten p.)
  2. Why do countries adopt rules and fail to comply
    Erschienen: March 2020
    Verlag:  Economic Research Southern Africa, [Cape Town]

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: ERSA working paper ; 815
    Schlagworte: Numeric fiscal rules; Compliance; DeÖcit bias; Institutions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 57 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Turn off the faucet
    solving excess water consumption with individual meters
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  Inter-American Development Bank, Water and Sanitation Division / Department of Research and Chief Economist, [Washington, DC]

    When consumption of water and other utilities is measured collectively and payment for such services is equally shared among members of the group, individuals may use more than what is socially optimal. In this paper, we evaluate how installation of... mehr

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    When consumption of water and other utilities is measured collectively and payment for such services is equally shared among members of the group, individuals may use more than what is socially optimal. In this paper, we evaluate how installation of individual meters affects water consumption. Using rich administrative data from the public water utility company in Quito, Ecuador, it is estimated that water consumption decreases by about 8% as a result of the introduction of individual metering. The effect is large and economically significant: in order to obtain the same effect prices would have to double. Individual water metering could be a useful tool to curve down consumption in both developing and developed countries.

     

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    hdl: 10419/252348
    Schriftenreihe: IDB working paper series ; no IDB-WP-1152
    Schlagworte: Water consumption; Commons problem; Institutions; Individual meters; Price elasticity; Regression discontinuity; Difference-in-difference
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Mensurando a qualidade do Governo das Regiões Brasileiras: uma proposta metodológica para o BR-QoG
    Erschienen: agosto 2021
    Verlag:  Instituto de Economia, UNICAMP, Campinas

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    Sprache: Portugiesisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Texto para discussão / Instituto de Economia, UNICAMP ; 416
    Schlagworte: Government Quality; Institutions; Regions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Fiscal policy and financing for development in Developing Countries
    Erschienen: [2020]

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  6. The role of historical malaria in institutions and contemporary economic development
    Erschienen: January 2021
    Verlag:  International Center for Public Policy, Andrew Young School of Policy Studies, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / International Center for Public Policy ; 21, 01 (January 2021)
    Schlagworte: Malaria Endemicity; Institutions; Economic Development; European Colonization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  7. The determinants of electricity constraints by firms in developing countries
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  University of Kansas, Department of Economics, Lawrence, Kansas

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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers series in theoretical and applied economics ; 2021, 16
    Schlagworte: Constraints; Electricity; Energy Poverty; Firms; Institutions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 39 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. On the determinant of financial development in Africa
    geography, institutions and macroeconomic policy relevance
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  African Governance and Development Institute, [Yaoundé]

    While it is clear that financial depth and economic diversity are prerequisites for the realisation of growth and development objectives, heterogeneous factors that determines financial development remains imperfectly understood. This ambiguity in... mehr

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    While it is clear that financial depth and economic diversity are prerequisites for the realisation of growth and development objectives, heterogeneous factors that determines financial development remains imperfectly understood. This ambiguity in the structural relations between varied causative factors is more pronounced in Africa where conditions for growth and development remains inadequately met. Underexplored aspects such as geographic, political, economic and macroeconomic policy determinant of financial development in Africa could have culminated into the misalignment of the continent financialisation strategies. This paper takes the lead, diverse and holistic approach to assign numerical weights to these unobserved factors to reach conclusions that can redefine policy and research on Africa's financialisation objectives. We compared result along with the mean group (MG), common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG) and Augmented Mean Group (AMG) estimators but relied on the AMG results because of its high precision, relevance and superiority in addressing core issues of crosssectional dependence and slope homogeneity of regressors.Based on the AMG results, we found geographic, economic and macroeconomic policy factors to lead to financial development in Africa. However, our political/institutional composite index inversely relate to financial development in Africa. This counter-intuitive outcome could be due to Africa, age-long weak institutional capacities. Policy implications were discussed.

     

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    hdl: 10419/249065
    Schriftenreihe: AGDI working paper ; WP/21, 054
    Schlagworte: Financial Development; Geography; Institutions; Macroeconomic Policy; Africa
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten)
  9. Institutions and economic development
    new measurements and evidence
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis, [Waterloo, Ontario]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Rimini Centre for Economic Analysis ; wp 21, 15
    Schlagworte: Economic Development; Institutions; Threshold Effects; Mixture Model; Highincome countries; Low- and middle-income countries
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. William J. Baumol: innovative contributor to entrepreneurship economics
    Erschienen: September 10, 2021
    Verlag:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    William J. Baumol was one of the most prolific economists of his generation, analyzing a broad range of central economic issues addressing real problems of the world. In this essay, we present and critically evaluate Baumol's research contributions... mehr

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    William J. Baumol was one of the most prolific economists of his generation, analyzing a broad range of central economic issues addressing real problems of the world. In this essay, we present and critically evaluate Baumol's research contributions in entrepreneurship economics and point to areas for future research. Baumol contributed an impressive number of important insights, increasing our understanding of entrepreneurship from both a macro and a micro perspective. He also devoted a large part of his writings to discussing public policy, linking his theoretical insights with policy issues in practice. His analyses are rooted in contemporary mainstream neoclassical economics, and one of his main objectives was to integrate the entrepreneur into this tradition. Today, Baumol is best known for his tripartite distinction between productive, unproductive, and destructive entrepreneurship and his associated idea that the institutional framework, "the rules of the game," will determine how entrepreneurs allocate their time and effort across different-productive or unproductive-activities. An institutional environment that encourages productive entrepreneurship and spontaneous experimentation while disincentivizing unproductive activities becomes, through this insightful lens, the driving force of economic growth. As an economist, Baumol was knowledgeable and well acquainted with earlier scholars and their writings about entrepreneurship. Baumol's writings were greatly inspired by Joseph Schumpeter's views on entrepreneurship, and he made several attempts to formalize Schumpeter's concept of the innovative entrepreneur. Baumol was in all senses an innovative contributor to entrepreneurship economics. His work has inspired the research community of entrepreneurship scholars, but like all great scientists, he also encountered criticism.

     

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    hdl: 10419/247885
    Schriftenreihe: IFN working paper ; no. 1403 (2021)
    Schlagworte: Entrepreneurship; Innovation; Institutions; Rent seeking
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten)
  11. Academic freedom, institutions and productivity
    Erschienen: September 21, 2021
    Verlag:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    The issue of what explains differences in the wealth of nations is one of the most classic in economics. We propose de facto academic freedom as an explanatory variable. The main idea is that such freedom allows for the development of new useful... mehr

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    The issue of what explains differences in the wealth of nations is one of the most classic in economics. We propose de facto academic freedom as an explanatory variable. The main idea is that such freedom allows for the development of new useful knowledge through research unconstrained by powerholders in business and politics. Using a new global panel-data set, encompassing up to 127 countries over the period 1960-2015, we show that there is indeed a positive relationship between de facto academic freedom and both labor and total-factor productivity growth. However, this effect only appears as long as the quality of the legal system is sufficiently high. We suggest that this is because such institutional quality offers protection that stimulates entrepreneurs to make use of the new knowledge produced in academia in innovative activities, which in turn benefits productivity growth.

     

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    hdl: 10419/247887
    Schriftenreihe: IFN working paper ; no. 1405 (2021)
    Schlagworte: Institutions; Academic freedom; Freedom of speech; Productivity; Growth
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Collaborative innovation blocs and mission-oriented innovation policy: an ecosystem perspective
    Erschienen: September 22, 2021
    Verlag:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    Among contemporary economists, Mariana Mazzucato stands out for her emphasis on the importance of innovation to solve pressing challenges and achieve a greater quality of life. However, the type of mission-oriented innovation policies she promotes... mehr

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    Among contemporary economists, Mariana Mazzucato stands out for her emphasis on the importance of innovation to solve pressing challenges and achieve a greater quality of life. However, the type of mission-oriented innovation policies she promotes usually rely on an overly mechanical view of innovation and economic growth. We employ an ecosystem perspective to demonstrate that innovative entrepreneurship takes place in a collaborative innovation bloc consisting of a myriad of nodes. Entrepreneurs, inventors, early- and later-stage financiers, key personnel, and customers are all actors whose skills and abilities are necessary to realize an entrepreneurial project. When mission-oriented policies play a large role in an industry's production or financing, connections between actors in the innovation bloc risk being severed, severely curtailing the scope for actors to play their requisite roles. Thus, there is a risk that such policies do more harm than good for innovation and economic growth.

     

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    hdl: 10419/247888
    Schriftenreihe: IFN working paper ; no. 1406 (2021)
    Schlagworte: Entrepreneurial ecosystems; Collaboration; Entrepreneurship policy; Institutions; Innovation policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Witchcraft beliefs, social relations, and development
    Autor*in: Gershman, Boris
    Erschienen: July 2021
    Verlag:  Economics, College of Arts & Sciences, American University, Washington, DC

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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Economics, College of Arts & Sciences, American University ; 2021, 01
    Schlagworte: Culture; Development; Institutions; Religion; Social capital; Witchcraf
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 37 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Entrepreneurial accessibility, eudaimonic well-being, and inequality
    Erschienen: October 13, 2021
    Verlag:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    Amidst considerable debate on the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic inequality, scholarship only indirectly addresses how entrepreneurship informs individuals' relative well-being. We theorize on the nuanced relationship between... mehr

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    Amidst considerable debate on the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic inequality, scholarship only indirectly addresses how entrepreneurship informs individuals' relative well-being. We theorize on the nuanced relationship between entrepreneurship and equality of eudaimonic well-being through the lens of New Institutional Economics. Drawing on theories of human flourishing, we suggest that entrepreneurial action is an underappreciated mechanism by which individuals pursue well-being. Equality of well-being is thus influenced by a society's entrepreneurial accessibility: the freedom of individuals to choose to engage in entrepreneurial action. We present a multilevel framework in which institutional factors enable entrepreneurial action by promoting entrepreneurial accessibility-a factor, that, in turn, affects well-being for individual entrepreneurs as well as societal eudaimonic equality. The ex ante conditions for equality of well-being entail institutions that yield broad entrepreneurial accessibility. Our work highlights the institutional prerequisites for human flourishing in the entrepreneurial society beyond (unequal) economic distributions.

     

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    hdl: 10419/247892
    Schriftenreihe: IFN working paper ; no. 1410 (2021)
    Schlagworte: Inequality; Entrepreneurship; Well-being; Institutions; Eudaimonia
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Technological diffusion and productivity convergence across European regions: a spatial approach over the period 2000-2015
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  EERI, Economics and Econometrics Research Institute, Brussels, Belgium

    What are the drivers of growth and convergence in productivity at regional level? Differences in the stock of human capital across regions are hypothesized to be the major cause of differences in the speed by which following regions converge and... mehr

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    What are the drivers of growth and convergence in productivity at regional level? Differences in the stock of human capital across regions are hypothesized to be the major cause of differences in the speed by which following regions converge and catch-up with the most advanced ones. In addition, we test the role played by R&D expenditures and institutions exploiting a database covering European regions from 1995 to 2015, which includes regional total factor productivity (TFP) computed by the conventional residual approach. We find robust empirical evidence for these hypotheses in terms of both model specifications and sectoral disaggregation.

     

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    hdl: 10419/251111
    Schriftenreihe: EERI research paper series ; no 2021, 07
    Schlagworte: Regional Studies; European Regions; Catching-up; Total Factor Productivity; Human Capital; R&D; Institutions; Spatial Models; Panel Data Models
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 29 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Inflation and growth
    the role of institutions
    Erschienen: September 2021
    Verlag:  Florida International University, Department of Economics, [Miami, FL]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Florida International University, Department of Economics ; 2119
    Schlagworte: Economic Growth; Institutions; Ináation; Structural VAR
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 30 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Humility's challenge: the political value of disperse individual experience in F.A. Hayek's thought
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  CEDE, Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2021, 10 (marzo de 2021)
    Schlagworte: Hayek; Knowledge; Development; Humility; Institutions
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. The macroeconomic impact of social unrest
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    This paper explores the macroeconomic impact of social unrest, using a novel index based on news reports. The findings are threefold. First, unrest has an adverse effect on economic activity, with GDP remaining on average 0.2 percentage points below... mehr

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    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
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    This paper explores the macroeconomic impact of social unrest, using a novel index based on news reports. The findings are threefold. First, unrest has an adverse effect on economic activity, with GDP remaining on average 0.2 percentage points below the pre-shock baseline six quarters after a one-standard deviation increase in the unrest index. This is driven by sharp contractions in manufacturing and services (sectoral dimension), and consumption (demand dimension). Second, unrest lowers confidence and raises uncertainty; however, its adverse effect on GDP can be mitigated by strong institutions and by a country's policy space. Third, an unrest "event", which is captured by a large change in the unrest index, is associated with a 1 percentage point reduction in GDP six quarters after the event. Impacts differ by type of event: episodes motivated by socio-economic reasons result in sharper GDP contractions compared to those associated with politics/elections, and events triggered by a combination of both factors lead to sharpest contractions. Results are not driven by countries with adverse growth trajectories prior to unrest events or by fiscal consolidations, and are robust to instrumenting via regional unrest

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    ISBN: 9781513582573
    Weitere Identifier:
    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 135
    Schlagworte: Social unrest; Economic activity; Growth; Institutions; Policy space; Fiscal Policy; Foreign Exchange; Informal Economy; Underground Econom
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 31 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Understanding Chile's social unrest in an international perspective
    Erschienen: June 2021
    Verlag:  International Monetary Fund, [Washington, D.C.]

    We aim to provide a broad descriptive overview of Chile's social issues, in comparison to other countries and over time, in order to place the recent social unrest in historical and international perspectives which can help prepare the ground for... mehr

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    We aim to provide a broad descriptive overview of Chile's social issues, in comparison to other countries and over time, in order to place the recent social unrest in historical and international perspectives which can help prepare the ground for future policy priorities. We follow an eclectic approach, classifying a broad set of indicators along six dimensions-inequality across: i) income; ii) perception; iii) access; iv) opportunity; v) redistribution; and vi) location. The analysis puts forward a set of descriptive findings. First, income inequality declined substantially but remains high, also compared to countries with similar level and path of development. Second, Chile seems to be one of the few countries in Latin America with declining inequality where perceived inequality actually increased. Third, notwithstanding an increase in social spending, access to essential services appears limited, particularly for middle and lower income classes, amid fast growth of out-of-pocket health expenses, relatively faster growth of cost of living for the relatively poorer, and remaining weaknesses in the pension and education systems. Fourth, inequality of opportunity is high, with limited competition. Fifth, fiscal redistribution has improved markedly, but remains low by international standards. Finally, inter-regional inequality has declined substantially over the last two decades, reaching levels similar to the OECD median

     

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    ISBN: 9781513586229
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    Schriftenreihe: IMF working paper ; WP/21, 174
    Schlagworte: Chile; Institutions; Inequality; Social indicators; Social unrest; Aggregate Productivity; Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria; International Relations and International Political Economy; Macroeconomic Analyses Of Economic Development; Measurement Of Economic Growth
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Software versus hardware: how China’s institutional setting helps and hinders the clean energy transition
    Erschienen: December 2021
    Verlag:  The Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, [Oxford]

    The global low-carbon energy transition will require major changes to institutional practices and energy industry paradigms with implications for society writ large. A country’s existing institutional pattern inevitably shapes the transition, and... mehr

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    The global low-carbon energy transition will require major changes to institutional practices and energy industry paradigms with implications for society writ large. A country’s existing institutional pattern inevitably shapes the transition, and helps or hinders its progress. This is perhaps especially so in state-dominated systems such as China, which have historically considered energy as a strategic field for reasons of both security and economic development. China has already taken steps to embrace clean energy, even as it remains the world’s largest consumer of fossil fuels: Indeed, it is the world’s leading producer and consumer of renewable energy in absolute terms today, and the country’s leaders speak of encouraging a revolution in energy consumption and production, in line with new targets announced in 2020 to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. But how successful will China be in introducing the sweeping changes required? At the technological level, such changes could include replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy sources, but they also require institutional shifts, which could entail major market reforms and changes to the structure of the Chinese energy sector, dominated now by SOEs and administrative planning. This paper examines how China’s institutional setting both contributes to and hinders the energy transition, with a particular emphasis on the energy sector. It also aims to dispel the binary view of China’s governance and the energy transition, in which central government commitment is portrayed as the sole determinant of success. Finally, it sets out a preliminary framework for analysing the areas where technological and institutional factors make change more likely to be lasting and transformative, versus areas in which resistance will likely remain strong. Historically, China has been better at building out energy supplies and adding the ‘hardware’ of energy infrastructure, while having greater difficulty adjusting the ‘software’ of institutional and societal change or practices related to energy demand and energy efficiency. We would argue that China is likely to continue to expand the hardware, given its strong institutions devoted to investing in supply. But China will struggle with the software as this relies on a demand pull, market incentives, and greater coordination among stakeholders and between sectors. When considering innovation for the energy transition, the paper makes a similar argument: China’s technology innovation system has enabled innovation in first generation technologies. But will China’s strong incumbent industries impede the transformational change required for the more modular technologies that are less capital intensive and require greater societal involvement and coordination? China has come to dominate global supplies in manufacturing-intensive technologies – solar photovoltaics and batteries – which have also seen the most rapid cost declines due to scale. For design-intensive technology – such as wind, concentrating solar power plants, or advanced coal plants – cost declines have not been as pronounced. For those technologies that are less modular and more design-intensive, state-owned enterprises may play a larger role and the potential for transformative technological change could be slower to emerge.

     

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    ISBN: 9781784671907
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    hdl: 10419/253276
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2
    Schlagworte: China; Coal; energy security; Energy Transition; Gas; green financing; innovation; Institutions; Market reform; Oil; Prices; Renewables; Technology
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 95 Seiten), Illustrationen
  21. The impact of founders on information asymmetry vis-à-vis outside investors: evidence from Caribbean offshore tax havens
    Erschienen: November 23, 2021
    Verlag:  Research Institute of Industrial Economics, Stockholm, Sweden

    Ceding ownership to outside investors provides a control dilemma for founders. In less developed capital markets with weaker formal institutions, we argue that retained founder director ownership can lower the transaction costs of external capital.... mehr

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    Ceding ownership to outside investors provides a control dilemma for founders. In less developed capital markets with weaker formal institutions, we argue that retained founder director ownership can lower the transaction costs of external capital. Our argument rests on incomplete contracting and institutional theory, particularly highlighting the elevated status of the founding entrepreneur. Based on a longitudinal study of 179 listed Caribbean firms, we find that retained founder ownership reduces information asymmetry vis-à-vis outside minority investors. The reduced information asymmetry is even stronger for firms with a related party/subsidiary within a tax haven, and for firms with strong shareholder rights.

     

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    hdl: 10419/262033
    Schriftenreihe: IFN working paper ; no. 1419 (2021)
    Schlagworte: Founders; Ownership; Bid Ask Spreads; Institutions; Caribbean
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  22. Capital flows and endogenous growth
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich, Zürich

    So-called "uphill capital flows", i.e. flows of physical capital from relatively poor to rich countries, are a new phenomenon with yet unclear impact. We develop a unified framework incorporating economic institutions, human capital and physical... mehr

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    So-called "uphill capital flows", i.e. flows of physical capital from relatively poor to rich countries, are a new phenomenon with yet unclear impact. We develop a unified framework incorporating economic institutions, human capital and physical capital to study the interaction of international capital flows and growth. Analytically, we study conditions under which a positive change of a country's economic institutions can attract inflows of physical capital from abroad, leading to long-term growth via the accumulation of human capital. Our mechanism shows how a small initial difference in the level of institutions can lead to substantial divergence in income over time. We derive conditions under which a country receives inflows of capital over time and increases its investment in human capital. Finally, we provide simulations to illustrate our results.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/248426
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: November 18, 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / CER-ETH - Center of Economic Research at ETH Zurich ; 21, 365 (November 2021)
    Schlagworte: Growth; International Capital Flows; Inequality; Institutions; Human Capital
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  23. Resistance to institutions and cultural distance
    brigandage in post-unification Italy
    Erschienen: March 2021
    Verlag:  Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano, [Milano]

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: November 12, 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Development studies working papers / Centro Studi Luca d'Agliano ; n. 473
    Schlagworte: Institutions; Culture; Institutional Transplantations; Cultural Diffusion
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  24. Quality of sub-national government and regional development in Africa
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  International Inequalities Institute, The London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / LSE International Inequalities Institute ; 59 (February 2021)
    Schlagworte: Institutions; quality of government; regions; Africa; decentralisation
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  25. The fiscal origins of comparative inequality levels: an empirical and historical investigation
    Erschienen: noviembre de 2021
    Verlag:  [Universidad de Chile, Departamento de Economía], Santiago

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    Schriftenreihe: Serie de documentos de trabajo / Universidad de Chile, Facultad Economía y Negocios, Departamento de Economía ; SDT 525
    Schlagworte: Inequality; Redistribution; Institutions; Colonialism; Latin America and India
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 78 Seiten), Illustrationen