Conflict of culture and religion: Jalal Al-e-Ahmad's "Pink Nail Polish" from a Bakhtin's carnivalistic point of view
Abstract: By the 1930s, the Iranian society was driven toward modernization. Consisted with the concept of modernization, feminism ushered a whole new era in Iranian history. Besides, the outbreak of World War II and the consequent abdication of Reza...
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Abstract: By the 1930s, the Iranian society was driven toward modernization. Consisted with the concept of modernization, feminism ushered a whole new era in Iranian history. Besides, the outbreak of World War II and the consequent abdication of Reza Khan afforded women a golden opportunity to fight for their rights and emancipations. This movement was also supported by the famous male writers of the time among whom Jalal Al-e-Ahmad marked a prominent place. He was keen enough to properly explore women's situation in his works and notice the drastic effect of modernization upon women's situation. Hence, in this study, we try to investigate Al-e-Ahmad's short story entitled "Pink Nail Polish" 1948 with respect to Bakhtin's Carnivalesque's theory. Furthermore, it is shown how Bakhtin's new literary mode can create the excellent chance of studying Iranian women's situation properly. Finally, we explain that due to the drastic change of Iranian women's situation towards modernity, they may lead
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Identitätsmanagement im fragmentierten Kleinstaat
Abstract: Am Beispiel der Schweiz werden Formen und Probleme des Identitätsmanagements eines fragmentierten Kleinstaats untersucht. Zwei Richtungen der Schweizer Selbstdarstellung werden unterschieden: Identitätsmanagement betrifft vor allem die...
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Abstract: Am Beispiel der Schweiz werden Formen und Probleme des Identitätsmanagements eines fragmentierten Kleinstaats untersucht. Zwei Richtungen der Schweizer Selbstdarstellung werden unterschieden: Identitätsmanagement betrifft vor allem die Kulturspaltung zwischen Deutschschweizern und Romands. Dargestellt werden politische Regelungen (Verhandlungskultur) und kulturelle Normen (Sprachkultur) die sich eingespielt und bewährt haben, eine Einheit der Schweiz zu symbolisieren und eine entsprechende Bewußtseinslage der Bevölkerung zu schaffen. Das nach außen gerichtete Identitätsmanagement betrifft vor allem die Notwendigkeit der Selbstdarstellung, die mit der Kleinstaatlichkeit und der natürlichen Ausstattung des Landes zusammenhängt. Es wird eine beginnende Identitätskrise der Schweiz festgestellt, deren Ursachen in der Vielfalt der Lebensstile und den Herausforderungen der neuen Blockbildung in Europa gesehen werden. (GF)
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Trials and tribulations of immigrants in Bharathi Mukherjee's Wife
Abstract: Bharati Mukherjee is one of the most well known immigrant writers of America. Immigration is an amalgamated journey experience of oneself to another country. Migration separates one from their mother land towards an alien land, where it is...
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Abstract: Bharati Mukherjee is one of the most well known immigrant writers of America. Immigration is an amalgamated journey experience of oneself to another country. Migration separates one from their mother land towards an alien land, where it is marked by new culture and new adjustments. Bharathi Mukherjee's novel wife portrays an immigrant looking back to her mother country with pain and nostalgia. Bharathi Mukherjee had beautifully carved the shapes of the characters that even a normal reader feels the presence of their tribulations as the personal grievances. The present article focuses on the trials and tribulations experienced by the Indian woman migrating to alien lands after her marriage. Dimple, the female protagonist of Bharati Mukherjee's Wife, faces the problem of loss of culture and the quest for a new identity in the US
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