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  1. Improving markets for recycled plastics
    trends, prospects and policy responses
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD, Paris

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Unter den Linden
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Druck
    ISBN: 9789264301009; 9789264301016
    Weitere Identifier:
    9789264301009
    Schlagworte: Kunststoff; Kreislaufwirtschaft; Umweltpolitik; Welt
    Umfang: 160 Seiten, Illustrationen
  2. Improving Markets for Recycled Plastics
    Trends, Prospects and Policy Responses
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  OECD Publishing, Paris

    Intro -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Acronyms and abbreviations -- Currency conversions -- Executive summary -- Table 0.1. Summary of barriers to better functioning markets for recycled plastics -- Chapter 1. Introduction --... mehr

    Standort:
    HafenCity Universität Hamburg, Bibliothek
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    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Hochschulbibliothek Friedensau
    Signatur:
    Online-Ressource
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    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Hochschule für Forstwirtschaft Rottenburg, Bibliothek
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    keine Fernleihe

    Standort:
    Hochschule Schmalkalden, Cellarius Bibliothek
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    Intro -- Table of contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgements -- Acronyms and abbreviations -- Currency conversions -- Executive summary -- Table 0.1. Summary of barriers to better functioning markets for recycled plastics -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1. The growth in plastics -- 1.2. Plastics waste -- 1.3. Plastics recycling -- 1.4. Objectives of the report -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 2. Plastics production -- 2.1. Primary plastics: production data -- Figure 2.1. Plastics production mass by global region in 2016 -- Figure 2.2. Global primary plastics production by sector, 1950 to 2015 (million tonnes) -- 2.2. Primary plastics: market structure -- Table 2.1. Summary of UK primary polymer market -- 2.3. Types of plastic -- Table 2.2. Main types of plastic and their uses -- Table 2.3. Summary of estimated global polymer consumption by sector (2002-14) -- 2.3.1. Thermoplastics -- 2.3.2. Thermosets -- 2.3.3. Additives -- Table 2.4. Additive use in polymers -- 2.3.4. Bio-plastics -- Table 2.5. Examples of key bio-plastics -- Figure 2.3. Recyclability and biodegradability of fossil fuel- and bio-based plastics -- Notes -- References -- Figure 2.4. Global bio-plastics production by polymer type in 2016 -- Chapter 3. Recycling plastics -- 3.1. The environmental case for recycling plastics -- 3.1.1. Life cycle assessment -- Box 3.1. Starting material -- Figure 3.1. Relative difference between the climate change impacts of different end‑of‑life options vs. recycling for plastics -- Table 3.1. Impact of production and transport activities on plastics recycling -- 3.1.2. Ecosystem services and natural capital -- Figure 3.2. Estimated natural capital cost of plastics production and disposal by sector of origin -- 3.2. Plastics waste generation -- 3.2.1. Plastics waste generation data -- 3.2.2. Plastics waste generation by polymer Figure 3.3. Global plastics waste generation by polymer (million tonnes), 1950 to 2015 -- Figure 3.4. Comparison of polymer production with the amount that becomes waste -- 3.2.3. Post-consumer plastics waste -- Figure 3.5. Global plastics waste generation (million tonnes) by product category in 2015 -- 3.2.4. Post-industrial plastics waste -- 3.2.5. Additives -- Table 3.2. Proportion of additives by type used in global plastics resin (non-fibre) waste -- 3.3. Plastics recycling performance -- 3.3.1. Global plastics recycling performance -- Figure 3.6. Global plastics waste generation, recycling, incineration, and disposal: 1950 to 2015 -- 3.3.2. Regional variations in plastics recycling performance -- Box 3.2. Calculating recycling rates -- Figure 3.7. Plastics recycling in the EU, USA, Australia and Japan (2005-15) -- 3.3.3. Recycling performance by sector -- Table 3.3. Australian plastics consumption by waste stream (2015/16) -- Figure 3.8. Comparison of recycling rates in the EU for all plastics and for packaging plastics (2005‑15) -- Table 3.4. Summary of recycling rates for key polymers -- 3.3.4. Recycling performance by polymer -- 3.4. Future plastics waste generation and recycling -- Figure 3.9. Projected increase in plastics waste generation and recovery by 2050 -- Notes -- References -- Chapter 4. The recycled plastics industry -- 4.1. Overview of the recycled plastics supply chain -- Figure 4.1. Overview of the plastics industry structure -- Table 4.1. Key factors affecting the recycled plastics supply chain in low, middle and high‑income country contexts -- 4.2. Collection and containment methods -- 4.2.1. Municipal waste plastics collection -- 4.2.2. Bulking and transport -- 4.2.3. Commercial waste plastics collection -- 4.2.4. Industrial waste plastics collection -- 4.2.5. Collection of waste thermoset plastics Figure 4.2. Material flow for post-consumer plastics -- Figure 4.3. Material flow for post-industrial plastics -- 4.3. Primary sorting of waste plastics -- 4.3.1. Primary sorting technology for waste plastics -- Table 4.2. Summary of sorting methods for separating different polymer types and colours -- 4.3.2. Structure of the primary sorting industry for waste plastics -- Table 4.3. Size distribution of MRFs in England and the US based on output of sorted plastics -- 4.4. Recycling waste plastics -- 4.4.1. Mechanical recycling -- Figure 4.4. Mechanical plastics recycling stages -- Figure 4.5. Detailed plastics recycling process for post-consumer bottles -- Figure 4.6. Schematic for flexible PU foam re-bonding -- Table 4.4. Comparison of plastics recycling businesses across selected countries -- Table 4.5. Summary of plastics recycling facilities in Austria by type of process -- Table 4.6. Summary of HDPE recycling facilities in the US -- 4.4.2. Chemical recycling -- Table 4.7. Summary of chemical recycling types -- Note -- References -- Chapter 5. Markets and trade in waste plastics -- 5.1. Data sources -- 5.1.1. International trade data -- Table 5.1. Comparison of classification systems for waste plastics international trade -- Table 5.2. Summary of international plastics trade data sources -- 5.1.2. Surveys -- Table 5.3. Summary of material price indices (data obtained from surveys of material buyers and sellers) -- 5.2. Global trade flows waste plastics -- Figure 5.1. Top ten global exporters of waste plastics, 2006 to 2015 (excluding Hong Kong) -- Figure 5.2. Global waste plastics imports, 2006-15 (million tonnes) -- 5.3. Current and historic price trends -- 5.3.1. The recycled plastics value chain -- Box 5.1. End of Waste -- Figure 5.3. Market value of major polymers (2012-15) Figure 5.4. Mixed colour HDPE plastic bottles, baled ready for sale as a "sorted waste plastic" -- Figure 5.5. Natural HDPE plastic bottles, baled ready for sale as a "sorted waste plastic" -- 5.3.2. The role of China -- Figure 5.6. Exports of plastics waste to China in 2016 -- 5.4. Price formation -- Figure 5.7. Recycled plastics price formation -- 5.4.1. Virgin plastics prices -- Table 5.4. Summary of main factors influencing the price of virgin plastics -- Figure 5.8. Time series comparison of HPDE with crude oil prices -- Figure 5.9. Time series comparison of global cotton and PET bottle prices -- 5.4.2. Demand for recycled content -- Table 5.5. Summary of main factors influencing the demand for recycled content -- Figure 5.10. UK export price for mixed bottles -- 5.4.3. Cost of supplying resin from secondary sources -- Table 5.6. Summary of main factors influencing the cost of supplying secondary sourced resin -- Table 5.7. Indicative operational costs for EU27 countries for treating waste plastics -- Box 5.2. Operational costs -- 5.4.4. Other management options for waste plastics -- Table 5.8. Summary of main factors influencing the cost of other waste management options for waste plastics -- Table 5.9. Cost of collection and disposal of waste in different economies (USD/tonne) -- Note -- References -- Chapter 6. Barriers and interventions -- 6.1. Barriers to plastics recycling -- 6.1.1. Economic barriers -- 6.1.2. Technical barriers -- 6.1.3. Environmental barriers -- 6.1.4. Regulatory barriers -- 6.2. Potential interventions -- 6.2.1. Identification of interventions -- Table 6.1. Mapping of barriers and potential interventions for recycled plastics -- 6.2.2. Assessment of potential interventions -- Box 6.1. Scottish Materials Brokerage Service -- Box 6.2. Closed Loop Fund -- Box 6.3. Research into black post-consumer polypropylene Box 6.4. The New Plastics Economy -- Table 6.2. Summary of intervention assessment -- Figure 6.1. Intervention mapping -- References -- Annex A. Overview of plastics production processes -- Figure A.1. Manufacturing plastics from raw material -- Figure A.2. PET recycling process -- Annex B. Additives -- Table B.1. Summary of additives used in plastics -- Figure B.1. Global plasticiser production 2014 -- Figure B.2. Plasticiser production by region -- Figure B.3. Proportions of flame retardants used globally -- Figure B.4. Use of lead and cadmium/barium stabilisers in the EU -- Annex C. Bioplastics -- Figure C.1. Detailed typology of biopolymers -- Figure C.2. Bioplastics production in 2015 and forecasted production for 2020 by region -- Figure C.3. Global bioplastics production by polymer type in 2015 -- Figure C.4. Predicted global bioplastics production by polymer type in 2020 -- Annex D. Degradation definitions -- Table D.1. Degradation definitions -- Annex E. Lifecycle analysis -- Figure E.1. System flow and boundaries for plastics value chain -- Table E.1. Carbon factors (kg CO2/tonne savings versus landfill) -- Table E.2. Environmental inventories of PET production using virgin and recycled materials -- Table E.3. Relative difference between the impacts from the different end-of-life options vs. recycling for climate change for different plastic types -- Annex F. Scottish Carbon Metric Detail -- Figure F.1. Scottish Carbon Metric normalised to aluminium (100%) to show the relative reduction of CO2eq from recycling materials compared to landfill -- Annex G. International Waste Hierarchy according to the IPCC -- Figure G.1. Waste hierarchy according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change -- Annex H. Recycling targets -- Table H.1. UK recycling targets for specific packaging materials as of 2017 Table H.2. EU recycling targets for specific packaging materials as of 2017

     
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789264301009
    RVK Klassifikation: AR 28100 ; MK 5215 ; QT 200
    Schlagworte: Kunststoff; Kreislaufwirtschaft; Umweltpolitik; Welt; Recycled products; Electronic books
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (162 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Improving markets for recycled plastics
    trends, prospects and policy responses
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development OECD, Paris

    Standort:
    Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin - Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Haus Potsdamer Straße
    Signatur:
    1 B 183683
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg, Bibliothek 'Georgius Agricola'
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    18.3890 4.
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    C 280815
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    uneingeschränkte Fernleihe, Kopie und Ausleihe
    Export in Literaturverwaltung   RIS-Format
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    Quelle: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Druck
    ISBN: 9789264301009; 9789264301016
    Weitere Identifier:
    9789264301009
    Schlagworte: Kunststoff; Kreislaufwirtschaft; Umweltpolitik; Welt
    Umfang: 160 Seiten, Illustrationen