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  1. Nightless city: impacts of policymakers' questions on overtime work of government officials
    Autor*in: Arai, Natsuki; Hamano, Masashige; Katayama, Munechika; Murakami, Yuki; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Waseda INstitute of Political EConomy, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 21, 25 (March 2022)
    Schlagworte: mobility data; overtime work; local projection; government officials
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Nightless city: impacts of policymakers' questions on overtime work of government officials
    Autor*in: Arai, Natsuki; Hamano, Masashige; Katayama, Munechika; Murakami, Yuki; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: March 2023
    Verlag:  The Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    We quantify the impact of unexpectedly assigned tasks on overtime work in the context of Japanese government officials. Data on overtime work are typically less reliable. We overcome this problem by using mobile phone location data, which enables us... mehr

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    We quantify the impact of unexpectedly assigned tasks on overtime work in the context of Japanese government officials. Data on overtime work are typically less reliable. We overcome this problem by using mobile phone location data, which enables us to precisely measure the nighttime population in the government-office district in Tokyo at an hourly frequency. Exploiting the exogenous nature of task arrivals, we estimate impacts on overtime work. We find that, in response to a newly assigned task, overtime work initially decreases and then increases persistently. Institutional changes to relax the time constraint and improve the working environment of government officials play a part in mitigating overtime work, but persistent increases in overtime work remain. We provide a simple model of optimal work al- location and show that distortion in intertemporal task allocation can account for the observed responses.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / The Institute of Social and Economic Research ; no. 1206
    Schlagworte: mobile location data; overtime work; local projection; government officials
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Time discounting, ambiguity aversion, and preferences for future environmental policies
    evidence from discrete choice experiments
    Autor*in: Hirata, Kenjiro; Ikeda, Shinsuke; Ikefuji, Masako; Kang, Myong-Il; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: September 2017
    Verlag:  The Institute of Social and Economic Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

    Designing efficient environmental policies requires knowledge about households’ preference parameters for their intertemporal decisions. By conducting an original Internet-based survey using Japanese participants (n=2,906) and a follow-up survey... mehr

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    Designing efficient environmental policies requires knowledge about households’ preference parameters for their intertemporal decisions. By conducting an original Internet-based survey using Japanese participants (n=2,906) and a follow-up survey (n=1,407), we examine how people evaluate pro-environmental policies depending on their individual attributes. The discount rates for environmental outcomes are estimated by using a discrete choice experiment. We show that participants’ discount rates in environmental policy choices are on average negative and future-biased. Those who are more ambiguity-averse and patient for money concerns, and anticipate more rapid increases in future temperatures are more willing to incur present-day tax burdens to ensure future environmental improvements. These results are highly robust against alternative estimation models and stable when using the follow-up survey data obtained 21 months later.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/197686
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / The Institute of Social and Economic Research ; no. 1012
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Local home environment externality is a source of indeterminacy
    Autor*in: Kuwahara, Shiro; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    We address the local home environment externality conceptualized by Galor and Tsiddon (1997a; 1997b) in the two sector growth model of Lucas (1988). We show that this version of externality related to human capital accumulation process can be a... mehr

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    We address the local home environment externality conceptualized by Galor and Tsiddon (1997a; 1997b) in the two sector growth model of Lucas (1988). We show that this version of externality related to human capital accumulation process can be a source of indeterminacy. -- Local home environmental externality ; human capital ; indeterminacy

     
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    hdl: 10419/92685
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 722
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (7 S., 143.39 Kb)
  5. Measurement of social preference from utility-based choice experiments
    Autor*in: Yamada, Katsunori; Sato, Masayuki; Nakamoto, Yasuhiro
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka Univ., Osaka

    Ever since the classical works of Smith and Veblen, economists have recognized that individuals care about their relative positions and status in addition to their own consumption. This paper addresses a new framework of choice experiments in order... mehr

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    Ever since the classical works of Smith and Veblen, economists have recognized that individuals care about their relative positions and status in addition to their own consumption. This paper addresses a new framework of choice experiments in order to specify the shape of utility function with preference externalities. Theoretical studies on social preference, which are conducted without estimating or calibrating important parameters of social preference and put forward various propositions in accordance with the parameters assumed, can refer to the parameters estimated in this paper. Our findings complement those of happiness studies which support the view of social preference. We show that preference externality is, on average, characterized by jealousy among Japanese respondents, and also that heterogeneity in social preference parameters is driven by differences in income levels, age, and gender. -- Social preference ; Relative utility ; Stated preferences ; Choice experiment

     
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    hdl: 10419/92675
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 759
    Schlagworte: Nutzenfunktion; Externer Effekt; Soziale Wohlfahrtsfunktion; Schätzung; Japan
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (45 S.), graph. Darst.
  6. The Joneses in Japan
    income comparisons and financial satisfaction
    Autor*in: Clark, Andrew E.; Senik-Leygonie, Claudia; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    This paper uses Japanese data which includes measures of self-declared satisfaction, reference-group income, and the direction and intensity of income comparisons. Relative to Europeans, the Japanese compare more to friends and less to colleagues,... mehr

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    This paper uses Japanese data which includes measures of self-declared satisfaction, reference-group income, and the direction and intensity of income comparisons. Relative to Europeans, the Japanese compare more to friends and less to colleagues, and compare their incomes more. The relationship between satisfaction and others' income is negative, and more negative for those who report greater income comparison intensity. A self-reported measure of others' income does better than cell-mean income in explaining satisfaction, and would arguably make a useful addition to many existing surveys. -- Income Comparisons ; Reference-Group Income ; Reference Groups ; Satisfaction

     
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    hdl: 10419/92725
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 866
    Schlagworte: Zufriedenheit; Haushaltseinkommen; Vergleich; Zeitreihenanalyse; Japan; catching up with the Joneses
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (28 S.)
  7. Appraising the unhappiness due to the Great East Japan Earthquake
    evidence from weekly panel data on subjective well-being
    Autor*in: Ōtake, Fumio; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    After severe disasters, persons living not only in the directly affected areas, but also in distant areas could be seriously affected thorough images of the disaster on television and in newspapers. Hence, it can be difficult to define qualified... mehr

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    After severe disasters, persons living not only in the directly affected areas, but also in distant areas could be seriously affected thorough images of the disaster on television and in newspapers. Hence, it can be difficult to define qualified beneficiaries for policy compensation in terms of psychological suffering. Building on the case of Great East Japan Earthquake, we appraise psychological suffering from disaster-related news through the experienced utility approach. We take advantage of the serendipitous timing of our original nationwide weekly panel survey that became a timely investigation of subjective well-being in the immediate aftermath of the earthquake. Although a pale was cast over the whole society, we found that there was a robust and large geographical heterogeneity between the disaster area and non-disaster areas in mental costs. This finding may capture the focusing effect, suggesting that resources for compensating mental suffering should be concentrated on persons living in the disaster area.

     
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    hdl: 10419/92621
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 876
    Schlagworte: Erdbeben; Katastrophenschaden; Zufriedenheit; Meinung; Panel; Japan
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (27 S. ), graph. Darst.
  8. Difference or ratio
    implication of status preference on stagnation
    Autor*in: Ono, Yoshiyasu; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    We consider a dynamic macroeconomic model with households that regard relative affluence as social status. The measure of relative affluence can be the ratio to, or the difference from, the social average. The two specifications lead to quite... mehr

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    We consider a dynamic macroeconomic model with households that regard relative affluence as social status. The measure of relative affluence can be the ratio to, or the difference from, the social average. The two specifications lead to quite different results: with the ratio specification full employment is necessarily realized, whereas with the difference specification persistent shortages of aggregate demand and employment can arise. Furthermore, using the data of an experiment of affluence comparison we empirically find that the difference specification is far more persuasive than the ratio specification. Thus, the present model provides an analytical framework for persistent stagnation. -- status ; stagnation ; unemployment

     
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    hdl: 10419/92752
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 856
    Schlagworte: Sozialer Status; Erwerbstätigkeit; Diskrete Entscheidung; Experiment; Japan
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 13 S., 269,06 KB)
  9. The Easterlin paradox and another anatomy of income comparisons
    evidence from hypothetical choice experiments
    Autor*in: Yamada, Katsunori; Sato, Masayuki
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    This paper provides evidence from Internet-based, large-scale survey data of hypothetical choice experiment on the relative utility hypothesis. The methodology exploited here complements previous empirical results from happiness studies, incentivized... mehr

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    This paper provides evidence from Internet-based, large-scale survey data of hypothetical choice experiment on the relative utility hypothesis. The methodology exploited here complements previous empirical results from happiness studies, incentivized choice experiment studies, and neuroscience studies in such a way that methodological problems among previous studies within these fields are resolved. We show that not only the intensity but also the distribution of relative utility are different across specific comparison benchmarks (internal reference group), and across types of reference groups people are facing in the experiments (external reference group). The relative utility effect among Japanese respondents, while shown to exist in the form of jealousy, is found to be not as strong as can validate the Easterlin paradox. Comparison benchmark with daily contacts is related to stronger jealousy. We also provide empirical evidence, which nuances that the reference group is chosen endogenously. -- Relative utility ; Easterlin paradox ; Hypothetical choice experiment ; Reference group ; Comparison benchmark

     
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    hdl: 10419/92640
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Rev. December 2010
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 795
    Schlagworte: Einkommen; Zufriedenheit; Nutzenfunktion; Erhebungstechnik; Japan; Glücksforschung; relative utility hypothesis
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 39 S., 918 KB), Ill., graph. Darst.
  10. Income-comparison attitudes in the US and the UK
    evidence from discrete-choice experiments
    Autor*in: Shigeoka, Hitoshi; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: February 2016
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 21998
    Schlagworte: Einkommen; Einkommensverteilung; Interpersoneller Nutzenvergleich; Meinung; Diskrete Entscheidung; Vergleich; USA; Großbritannien
    Umfang: 38, 8 Seiten, Illustrationen
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  11. When experienced and decision utility concur
    the case of income comparisons Andrew E. Clark; Claudia Senik ; Katsunori Yamada
    Autor*in: Clark, Andrew E.; Senik-Leygonie, Claudia; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    While there is now something of a consensus in the literature on the economics of happiness that income comparisons to others help determine subjective wellbeing, debate continues over the relative importance of own and reference-group income, in... mehr

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    While there is now something of a consensus in the literature on the economics of happiness that income comparisons to others help determine subjective wellbeing, debate continues over the relative importance of own and reference-group income, in particular in research on the Easterlin paradox. The variety of results in this domain have produced some scepticism regarding happiness analysis, and in particular with respect to the measurement of reference-group income. We here use data from an original Internet survey in Japan to compare the results from happiness regressions to those from hypothetical-choice experiments. The trade-off between own and others' income (showing the importance of absolute and relative income) is similar in these two sets of results. This kind of validation of experienced utility via direct comparison with decision utility remains rare in this literature.

     
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    hdl: 10419/114057
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 9189
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (26 S.), Ill.
  12. A simple numerical study on sustainable development with genuine saving
    Autor*in: Sato, Masayuki; Samreth, Sovannroeun; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    This paper provides numerical examinations on sustainability of genuine saving (GS) using theWorld Bank database. Unlikely to previous criteria of sustainability, we consider future sustainability by focusing on evolution of GS. In this case even if... mehr

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    This paper provides numerical examinations on sustainability of genuine saving (GS) using theWorld Bank database. Unlikely to previous criteria of sustainability, we consider future sustainability by focusing on evolution of GS. In this case even if the historical average GS of a country is positive, there is a possibility that the GS become negative in the future, depending on time series path of the GS. We will show that some countries that were argued to be sustainable in previous studies are shown to be otherwise. -- Sustainability ; Genuine Saving

     
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    hdl: 10419/92746
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 728
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (9, [1] S., 46.05 Kb)
  13. Education, innovation, and long-run growth
    Autor*in: Hori, Katsuhiko; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    This paper combines three prototype endogenous growth models, the models with human capital accumulation introduced by Uzawa [1965] and Lucas [1988], variety expansion by Romer [1990], and quality improvements by Aghion and Howitt [1992], in order to... mehr

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    This paper combines three prototype endogenous growth models, the models with human capital accumulation introduced by Uzawa [1965] and Lucas [1988], variety expansion by Romer [1990], and quality improvements by Aghion and Howitt [1992], in order to investigate how these three engines of growth interact. We show that a subsidy to human capital accumulation has a positive impact on R&D effort, as well as on human capital accumulation. On the other hand, a subsidy to R&D sectors does not affect human capital accumulation in our model. Moreover, we show that equilibrium dynamics is locally saddle-path stable around the steady growth path. It suggests that Schumpeterian growth models `a la Howitt [1999] should share the locally saddle-path stable property. Finally, since in our model the percapita output growth rate is endogenously determined by both technology improvements and human capital accumulation, it bridges the gap between the literature on Schumpeterian growth models and that on growth empirics.

     
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    hdl: 10419/92614
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 731
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (16 S., 82.02 Kb)
  14. Caste comparisons
    evidence from India
    Autor*in: Fontaine, Xavier; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    The caste issue dominates a large part of India's social and political life. Caste shapes Indians' identities, and strong tensions exist between castes. This paper evaluates how caste-based comparisons may be exacerbated in such a conflictual... mehr

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    The caste issue dominates a large part of India's social and political life. Caste shapes Indians' identities, and strong tensions exist between castes. This paper evaluates how caste-based comparisons may be exacerbated in such a conflictual context. Using subjective well-being data from an original panel survey, together with a national representative survey on expenditure, we find that both within-caste comparisons and between-rival-caste comparisons reduce well-being. Between-caste comparisons affect well-being three times more than within-caste comparisons. In absolute value, an increase in rival castes' expenditure affects well-being as much as own expenditure. These findings highlight the strength of comparisons between rival castes. Yet this comparison scheme turns out to be asymmetrical: only low castes care about the economic successes of their rivals, and only high-caste Indians compete with their fellows. -- Subjective Well-being ; Relative Utility ; Caste classes ; India ; Panel Data

     
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    hdl: 10419/92806
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 867
    Schlagworte: Zufriedenheit; Soziale Schicht; Indien
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (21 S.)
  15. Valuing Japanese corporations
    a new perspective on Japan's stock market "bubble" of the 1980s
    Autor*in: Arato, Hiroki; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    Employing a new accounting data set we apply the framework of McGrattan and Prescott (2005) to the Japanese economy in order to assess if Japanese stocks were priced correctly in the period after 1980. We find that the stock market tended to... mehr

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    Employing a new accounting data set we apply the framework of McGrattan and Prescott (2005) to the Japanese economy in order to assess if Japanese stocks were priced correctly in the period after 1980. We find that the stock market tended to undervalue the fundamental value of installed capital. We also provide a new interpretation of Japanese stock market phenomena during the “bubble period” and suggest that from a theoretical perspective, stock prices during the “bubble period” were correctly valued. Changes in the reproducible cost of intangible capital play an important role in our new interpretation. -- Intangible capital ; stock price bubbles ; book information

     
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    hdl: 10419/92824
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 772
    Schlagworte: Immaterielle Werte; Börsenkurs; Spekulationsblase; Finanzanalyse; Japan
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (30 S., 126 Kb), graph. Darst.
  16. Japan's intangible capital and valuation of corporations in a neoclassical framework
    Autor*in: Arato, Hiroki; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Research Center for Price Dynamics, Inst. of Economic Research, Hitotusubashi Univ., Kunatachi

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series, understanding inflation dynamics of the Japanese economy ; 53
    Schlagworte: Immaterielle Werte; Unternehmensbewertung; Betriebliche Kennzahl; Japan
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (32 S., 245,07 Kb), graph. Darst.
  17. Valuing Japanese corporations
    a new perspective on Japan’s stock market ”bubble” of the 1980s
    Autor*in: Arato, Hiroki; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Research Center for Price Dynamics, Inst. of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi Univ., Kunitachi

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series, understanding inflation dynamics of the Japanese economy ; 53
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  18. Can we steer income comparison attitudes by information provision?
    evidence from randomized survey experiments in the US and the UK
    Autor*in: Shigeoka, Hitoshi; Yamada, Katsunori
    Erschienen: 2015
    Verlag:  Inst. of Social and Economic Research, Osaka

    Economists have long been concerned that negative attitudes about relative income reduce social welfare. This paper investigates whether such attitudes can be mitigated by a simple information treatment. Toward this end, we conducted an original... mehr

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    Economists have long been concerned that negative attitudes about relative income reduce social welfare. This paper investigates whether such attitudes can be mitigated by a simple information treatment. Toward this end, we conducted an original randomized online survey experiment in the US and the UK. As a baseline result, we find that UK respondents compare their incomes with others' at a much higher rate than US subjects do. Additionally, we find that our information treatment - suggesting that comparing income with others may diminish their welfare even when income levels are actually increasing - made respondents compare incomes more, rather than less. Interestingly, we find such effects only among UK respondents. The mechanism for this among UK respondents seems to be driven by those who are initially less comparison-conscious becoming more comparison-conscious, indicating that our information treatment gives moral "license" to make comparisons by informing that others actually do.

     
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    Hinweise zum Inhalt
    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/127079
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Institute of Social and Economic Research ; 930
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (39, 7 S.), graph. Darst.