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  1. Are women less effective leaders than men?
    evidence from experiments using coordination games
    Autor*in: Heursen, Lea; Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: November 2020
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg

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    hdl: 2077/66908
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper in economics ; no. 796
    Schlagworte: gender; coordination games; leadership; experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Are women less effective leaders than men?
    evidence from experiments using coordination games
    Autor*in: Heursen, Lea; Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: November 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We study whether one reason behind female underrepresentation in leadership is that female leaders are less effective at coordinating action by followers. Two experiments using coordination games investigate whether female leaders are less successful... mehr

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    We study whether one reason behind female underrepresentation in leadership is that female leaders are less effective at coordinating action by followers. Two experiments using coordination games investigate whether female leaders are less successful than males in persuading followers to coordinate on efficient equilibria. Group performance hinges on higher-order beliefs about the leader’s capacity to convince followers to pursue desired actions, making beliefs that women are less effective leaders potentially self-confirming. We find no evidence that such bias impacts actual leadership performance, identifying a precisely-estimated null effect. We show that this absence of an effect is surprising given experts’ priors.

     
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    hdl: 10419/229531
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8713 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 85 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Are women less effective leaders than men?
    evidence from experiments using coordination games
    Autor*in: Heursen, Lea; Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: October 2020
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    We study whether one reason behind female underrepresentation in leadership is that female leaders are less effective at coordinating action by followers. Two experiments using coordination games investigate whether female leaders are less successful... mehr

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    We study whether one reason behind female underrepresentation in leadership is that female leaders are less effective at coordinating action by followers. Two experiments using coordination games investigate whether female leaders are less successful than males in persuading followers to coordinate on efficient equilibria. Group performance hinges on higher-order beliefs about the leader’s capacity to convince followers to pursue desired actions, making beliefs that women are less effective leaders potentially self-confirming. We find no evidence that such bias impacts actual leadership performance, identifying a precisely-estimated null effect. We show that this absence of an effect is surprising given experts’ priors.

     
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    hdl: 10419/227457
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 368
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 84 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Gender preference gaps and voting for redistribution
    Autor*in: Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    There is substantial evidence that women tend to support different policies and political candidates than men. Many studies also document gender differences in a variety of important preference dimensions, such as risk-taking, competition and... mehr

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    There is substantial evidence that women tend to support different policies and political candidates than men. Many studies also document gender differences in a variety of important preference dimensions, such as risk-taking, competition and pro-sociality. However, the degree to which differential voting by men and women is related to these gaps in more basic preferences requires an improved understanding. We conduct an experiment in which individuals in small laboratory "societies" repeatedly vote for redistribution policies and engage in production. We find that women vote for more egalitarian redistribution and that this difference persists with experience and in environments with varying degrees of risk. This gender voting gap is accounted for partly by both gender gaps in preferences and by expectations regarding economic circumstances. However, including both these controls in a regression analysis indicates that the latter is the primary driving force. We also observe policy differences between male- and female-controlled groups, though these are substantially smaller than the mean individual differences - a natural consequence of the aggregation of individual preferences into collective outcomes.

     
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    hdl: 10419/251434
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Revised version, December 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 271
    Schlagworte: Gender differences; risk; altruism; redistributive preferences; experiment; Geschlechtsunterschied; Altruismus; Risikoverhalten; Wahlverhalten; Entscheidungsfindung; Umverteilung; Experiment
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten)
  5. Continuous gender identity and economics
    Autor*in: Brenøe, Anne Ardila; Heursen, Lea; Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: 2022

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    Übergeordneter Titel: Enthalten in: AEA papers and proceedings; Nashville, TN : American Economic Association, 2018; 112(2022) vom: Mai, Seite 573-577; Online-Ressource

    Schlagworte: Geschlechterforschung; Gender Economics; Geschlecht; Definition; Schweiz
  6. Gender differences in competitiveness and risk taking
    comparing children in Colombia and Sweden = Diferencias de género en competitividad y tolerancia al riesgo
    Autor*in: Cárdenas Campo, Juan Camilo; Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: [2011]
    Verlag:  Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

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    Schriftenreihe: Documentos CEDE ; 2011, 26 (junio de 2011)
    Schlagworte: Wettbewerb; Risikopräferenz; Kinder; Geschlecht; Experiment; Kolumbien; Schweden
    Umfang: 36 Seiten, Illustrationen
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  7. Continuous gender identity and economics
    Autor*in: Brenøe, Anne Ardila; Heursen, Lea; Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  URPP Equality of Opportunity, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland

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    Schriftenreihe: URPP Equality of Opportunity discussion paper series ; no. 2 (January 2022)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 11 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Gender differences in competitiveness and risk taking
    comparing children in Colombia and Sweden = Diferencias de género en competitividad y riesgo
    Autor*in: Cárdenas Campo, Juan Camilo; Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: [2010]
    Verlag:  Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

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    Schriftenreihe: Documentos CEDE ; 2010, 35 (noviembre de 2010)
    Umfang: 41 Seiten, Illustrationen
  9. Gender, risk preferences and willingness to compete in a random sample of the Swedish population
    Autor*in: Boschini, Anne; Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Muren, Astri; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: August 2018
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Göteborg University, Göteborg

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 2077/57527
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics ; no. 740
    Schlagworte: Risikopräferenz; Wettbewerb; Geschlecht; Experiment; Schweden
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. The digit ratio (2D:4D) and economic preferences
    no robust associations in a sample of 330 women
    Autor*in: Parslow, Elle; Ranehill, Eva; Zethraeus, Niklas; Blomberg, Liselott; Schoultz, Bo von; Hirschberg, Angelica Lindén; Johannesson, Magnus; Dreber, Anna
    Erschienen: February 2019
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Göteborg University, Göteborg

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 2077/59073
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics ; no. 750
    Schlagworte: economic preferences; experiment; testosterone
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 23 Seiten)
  11. Gender, risk preferences and willingness to compete in a random sample of the Swedish population
    Autor*in: Boschini, Anne; Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Muren, Astri; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  Swedish Institute for Social Research (SOFI), [Stockholm]

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Swedish Institute for Social Research ; 2018, 10
    Schlagworte: Risikopräferenz; Wettbewerb; Geschlecht; Experiment; Schweden
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 48 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Cooperativeness and competitiveness in children
    = Cooperación y competitividad en niños
    Autor*in: Cárdenas Campo, Juan Camilo; Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: [2015]
    Verlag:  Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

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    Schriftenreihe: Documentos CEDE ; 2015, 13 (marzo de 2015)
    Umfang: 29 Seiten, Illustrationen
  13. A man’s world?
    the impact of a male dominated environment on female leadership
    Autor*in: Born, Andreas; Ranehill, Eva; Sandberg, Anna
    Erschienen: November 2018
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Göteborg University, Göteborg

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    hdl: 2077/58135
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics ; no. 744
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 82 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Do gender preference gaps impact policy outcomes?
    Autor*in: Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: November 2017
    Verlag:  Department of Economics, Göteborg University, Göteborg

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 2077/54361
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers in economics ; no. 713
    Schlagworte: Geschlechterunterschiede; Wahlverhalten; Verteilungspolitik; Experiment; Risikopräferenz; Altruismus
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 60 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Do gender preference gaps impact policy outcomes?
    Autor*in: Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: November 2017
    Verlag:  University of Zurich, Department of Economics, Zurich

    Many studies document systematic gender differences in a variety of important economic preferences, such as risk-taking, competition and pro-sociality. One potential implication of this literature is that increased female representation in... mehr

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    Many studies document systematic gender differences in a variety of important economic preferences, such as risk-taking, competition and pro-sociality. One potential implication of this literature is that increased female representation in decision-making bodies may significantly alter organizational and policy outcomes. However, research has yet to establish a direct connection from gender differences in simple economic choice tasks, to voting over policy and to the resulting outcomes. We conduct a laboratory experiment to provide a test of such a connection. In small laboratory "societies", people repeatedly vote for a redistribution policy and engage in a real-effort production task. Women persistently vote for more egalitarian redistribution. This gender difference is large relative to other voting differences based on observable characteristics and is partly explained by gender gaps in preferences and beliefs. Gender voting gaps persist with experience and in environments with varying degrees of risk. We also observe policy differences between male- and female-controlled groups, though these are considerably smaller than the mean individual differences - a natural consequence of the aggregation of individual preferences into collective outcomes. Thus, we provide evidence for why substantial and robust gender differences in preferences may often fail to translate into differential policy outcomes with increased female representation in policymaking.

     
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    hdl: 10419/173429
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; no. 271
    Schlagworte: Geschlechterunterschiede; Wahlverhalten; Verteilungspolitik; Experiment; Risikopräferenz; Altruismus
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 58 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Do gender preference gaps impact policy outcomes?
    Autor*in: Ranehill, Eva; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: November 2017
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich

    Many studies document systematic gender differences in a variety of important economic preferences, such as risk-taking, competition and pro-sociality. One potential implication of this literature is that increased female representation in... mehr

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    Many studies document systematic gender differences in a variety of important economic preferences, such as risk-taking, competition and pro-sociality. One potential implication of this literature is that increased female representation in decision-making bodies may significantly alter organizational and policy outcomes. However, research has yet to establish a direct connection from gender differences in simple economic choice tasks, to voting over policy and to the resulting outcomes. We conduct a laboratory experiment to provide a test of such a connection. In small laboratory "societies," people repeatedly vote for a redistribution policy and engage in a real-effort production task. Women persistently vote for more egalitarian redistribution. This gender difference is large relative to other voting differences based on observable characteristics and is partly explained by gender gaps in preferences and beliefs. Gender voting gaps persist with experience and in environments with varying degrees of risk. We also observe policy differences between male- and female-controlled groups, though these are considerably smaller than the mean individual differences - a natural consequence of the aggregation of individual preferences into collective outcomes. Thus, we provide evidence for why substantial and robust gender differences in preferences may often fail to translate into differential policy outcomes with increased female representation in policymaking.

     
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    hdl: 10419/173052
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 6776
    Schlagworte: Geschlechterunterschiede; Wahlverhalten; Verteilungspolitik; Experiment; Risikopräferenz; Altruismus
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 59 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Outrunning the gender gap
    boys and girls compete equally
    Autor*in: Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 29 Jan. 2009
    Verlag:  Ekonomiska Forskningsinst., Stockholm

    Recent studies find that women are less competitive than men. This gender difference in competitiveness has been suggested as one possible explanation for why men occupy the majority of top positions in many sectors. In this study we explore... mehr

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    Recent studies find that women are less competitive than men. This gender difference in competitiveness has been suggested as one possible explanation for why men occupy the majority of top positions in many sectors. In this study we explore competitiveness in children, with the premise that both culture and gendered stereotypes regarding the task at hand may influence competitive behavior. A related field experiment on Israeli children shows that only boys react to competition by running faster when competing in a race. We here test if there is a gender gap in running among 7-10 year old Swedish children. We also introduce two female sports, skipping rope and dancing, to see if competitiveness is task dependent. We find no gender difference in reaction to competition in any task; boys and girls compete equally. If gender equality matters for competitiveness, this result may be explained by cultural factors, since Sweden scores higher on gender equality indices than Israel. -- competitiveness ; gender differences ; field experiment

     
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    hdl: 10419/56335
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Rev. March 25, 2011
    Schriftenreihe: SSE/EFI working paper series in economics and finance ; 709
    Schlagworte: Kinder; Geschlecht; Wettbewerb; Verhalten; Experiment; Schweden
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 20 S., 324,07 KB), graph. Darst.
  18. Age at pubertal onset and educational outcomes
    Autor*in: Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Dep. of Economics, Stockholm

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Stockholms Universitet ; 2011,26
    Schlagworte: Bildungsverhalten; Mädchen; Altersgruppe; Schweden
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (23 S.)
  19. Dominance and submission
    social status biases economic sanctions
    Autor*in: Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Ekonomiska Forskningsinst., Stockholm

    Social hierarchy is persistent in all almost all societies. Social norms and their enforcement are part of sustaining hierarchical systems. This paper combines social status and norm enforcement, by introducing status in a dictator game with third... mehr

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    Social hierarchy is persistent in all almost all societies. Social norms and their enforcement are part of sustaining hierarchical systems. This paper combines social status and norm enforcement, by introducing status in a dictator game with third party punishment. Status is conveyed by surname; half of the third parties face dictators with a noble name and half face dictators with a common name. Receivers all have common names. We find that social status has an impact on behavior. Our results indicate that low status men are punished to a greater extent than low status women, high status men, or high status women. Interestingly, discrimination occurs only in male to male interaction. For offers below half, or almost half of the allocated resource, male third parties punish male dictators with common names almost twice as much as their noble counterparts. We find no support for female discrimination. This result suggests that social status has important implications for men's decisions to use economic punishment, and that this holds true in situations where reputation or strategic concerns have no importance. -- Status ; punishment ; discrimination

     
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    hdl: 10419/56292
    Auflage/Ausgabe: First version: 2011-01, This version: 2011-04
    Schriftenreihe: SSE/EFI working paper series in economics and finance ; 732
    Schlagworte: Sozialer Status; Soziale Norm; Geschlecht; Strafe; Spieltheorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 41 S., 441,88 KB), graph. Darst.
  20. Dominance and submission
    social status biases economic sanctions
    Autor*in: Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Dep. of Economics, Stockholm

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Stockholms Universitet ; 2011,01
    Schlagworte: Sozialer Status; Soziale Norm; Geschlecht; Strafe; Spieltheorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (46 S.)
  21. In bloom
    gender differences in preferences among adolescents
    Autor*in: Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Dep. of Economics, Stockholm

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Stockholms Universitet ; 2011,14
    Schlagworte: Wettbewerb; Risikopräferenz; Altruismus; Mathematik; Jugendliche; Geschlecht; Experiment; Schweden
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (18 S.)
  22. In bloom
    gender differences in preferences among adolescents
    Autor*in: Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  Ekonomiska Forskningsinst., Stockholm

    We look at gender differences in preferences for altruism, risk and competition in math and word search among adolescents in Sweden. We find that girls are more altruistic and less risk taking than boys. We find no gender gap in performance change... mehr

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    We look at gender differences in preferences for altruism, risk and competition in math and word search among adolescents in Sweden. We find that girls are more altruistic and less risk taking than boys. We find no gender gap in performance change when comparing performance under non-competition with performance under competition. Boys and girls are equally likely to choose to compete in word search, but boys are significantly more likely to choose to compete in math. However, this gender gap diminishes and becomes non significant when we control for relative performance beliefs, indicating that some of the gender gap in our sample is not due to competition preferences per se. -- competitiveness ; risk preferences ; altruism ; adolescents ; gender differences ; experiment

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/56177
    Schriftenreihe: SSE/EFI working paper series in economics and finance ; 734
    Schlagworte: Wettbewerb; Risikopräferenz; Altruismus; Mathematik; Jugendliche; Geschlecht; Experiment; Schweden
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 17 S., 299,80 KB)
  23. Growing groups, cooperation, and the rate of entry
    Autor*in: Ranehill, Eva; Schneider, Frédéric; Weber, Roberto A.
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Univ., Dep. of Economics, Zurich

    We study the stability of voluntary cooperation in response to varying group growth rates. Using a laboratory public-good game, we construct a situation where increasing group size yields potential efficiency gains, but only with sustained... mehr

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    We study the stability of voluntary cooperation in response to varying group growth rates. Using a laboratory public-good game, we construct a situation where increasing group size yields potential efficiency gains, but only with sustained cooperation. We then study the effect of exogenously varying growth rates on cooperation. Slow growth yields higher cooperation rates and welfare than fast growth, both for incumbents and entrants, which is consistent with optimistic self-reinforcing beliefs persisting under slower growth. Allowing incumbent group members to select growth rates also sustains high cooperation rates, but growth stalls at intermediate group sizes, leaving potential efficiency gains unrealized.

     
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    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/77489
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This Version: May 7, 2013
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / University of Zurich, Department of Economics ; 103
    Schlagworte: Öffentliche Güter; Allokation; Kooperation; Nichtkooperatives Spiel; Experiment; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (44, [11] S.), graph. Darst.
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    Original Version: December 21, 2012
  24. Gender differences in competitiveness and risk taking
    comparing children in Colombia and Sweden = Diferencias de género en competitividad y tolerancia al riesgo
    Autor*in: Cárdenas Campo, Juan Camilo; Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: [2011]
    Verlag:  Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE, Centro de Estudios sobre Desarrollo Económico, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Druck
    Schriftenreihe: Documentos CEDE ; 2011, 26 (junio de 2011)
    Schlagworte: Wettbewerb; Risikopräferenz; Kinder; Geschlecht; Experiment; Kolumbien; Schweden
    Umfang: 36 Seiten, Illustrationen
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    Cover title
  25. Outrunning the gender gap
    boys and girls compete equally
    Autor*in: Dreber, Anna; Essen, Emma von; Ranehill, Eva
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Dep. of Economics, Stockholm

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Department of Economics, Stockholms Universitet ; 2009,17
    Schlagworte: Kinder; Geschlecht; Wettbewerb; Verhalten; Experiment; Schweden
    Umfang: Online Ressource (17 S.)