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  1. Public R&D investment in economic crises
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Peters, Bettina; Hud, Martin; Rammer, Christian; Licht, Georg
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    We study the cyclicality of public R&D in 28 OECD countries (1995-2017). While procyclical on average, public R&D reacts asymmetrically over different phases of the business cycle and becomes acyclical during recessions. It is also heterogeneous... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Standort:
    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    We study the cyclicality of public R&D in 28 OECD countries (1995-2017). While procyclical on average, public R&D reacts asymmetrically over different phases of the business cycle and becomes acyclical during recessions. It is also heterogeneous across countries: Innovation leaders and followers behave countercyclically during recessions while moderate innovators behave procyclically. Furthermore, the share of public R&D allocated to the business sector is countercyclical, but the thematic composition remains stable. These results, not driven by countries’ financial constraints, imply that countries behind the innovation frontier might strengthen their resilience to economic crises by adopting countercyclical R&D strategies.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/228541
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: November 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 20, 088 (12/2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Are firms withdrawing from basic research?
    an analysis of firm-level publication behaviour in Germany
    Autor*in: Krieger, Bastian; Pellens, Maikel; Blind, Knut; Schubert, Torben
    Erschienen: 2020
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    Previous research has expressed concerns about firms engaging less in basic research. We contribute to this debate by studying trends in the scientific publishing activities of firms located in Germany. Our results do not confirm a declining trend in... mehr

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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Previous research has expressed concerns about firms engaging less in basic research. We contribute to this debate by studying trends in the scientific publishing activities of firms located in Germany. Our results do not confirm a declining trend in raw numbers with numbers indicating that firms’ aggregate volume of scientific publications stayed constant between 2008 and 2016. However, the number of publishing firms declined, in particular in high-tech and knowledge-intensive industries. Beyond that, we observe positive trends in publishing in basic research journals compared to journals focused on applied research, and publishing in collaboration with academic partners compared to publishing alone. Thus, our results paint an ambiguous picture. While they do not confirm a decrease in firms’ basic research engagement in the aggregate, the figures document a concentration of publishing activities on fewer firms. We argue that this concentration of basic research activities in firms may pose a threat to the longer term innovativeness of the German economy.

     
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    hdl: 10419/228444
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 20, 083 (12/2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (19 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Scientist's industry engagement and the research agenda
    evidence from Germany
    Autor*in: Blandinieres, Florence; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: 2021
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    We investigate the impact of industry engagement on the direction of academic science. We apply the framework of the research agenda to assess to which extent industry engagement shifts the costs and benefits of pursuing and adopting research topics.... mehr

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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    We investigate the impact of industry engagement on the direction of academic science. We apply the framework of the research agenda to assess to which extent industry engagement shifts the costs and benefits of pursuing and adopting research topics. Our empirical analysis, based on a survey of German scientists, shows that scientists who engage more with industry are more likely to incorporate commercial considerations in selecting a research topic, and are less likely select a topic for its potential to contribute to ongoing scientific discussions. They are also more likely to consider industry an important sponsor to explore new research topics. In this way, too much emphasis on engagement might alter the direction of scientific progress towards industrially relevant research areas.

     
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    hdl: 10419/229140
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 21, 001 (01/2021)
    Schlagworte: Industry-science links; Industry engagement; research agenda
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (30 Seiten)
  4. Are firms withdrawing from basic research?
    an analysis of firm-level publication behaviour in Germany
    Autor*in: Krieger, Bastian; Pellens, Maikel; Blind, Knut; Schubert, Torben
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Centre for Innovation Research (CIRCLE), Lund, Sweden

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    Schriftenreihe: Papers in innovation studies ; no. 2020, 13
    Schlagworte: Corporate publishing; Basic research; R&D strategy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 21 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Cluster support activities in the German biotechnology sector
    Autor*in: Blandinieres, Florence; Krieger, Bastian; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: March 8, 2021
    Verlag:  [ZEW], [Mannheim]

    Many governments have established cluster policies to foster innovation and support hightech industries through agglomeration economies. They attempt to boost networks through providing clusters with resources to organise heterogeneous support... mehr

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    Many governments have established cluster policies to foster innovation and support hightech industries through agglomeration economies. They attempt to boost networks through providing clusters with resources to organise heterogeneous support activities. A key question is which support activities are the most important for firms. In this study, we investigate the German biotechnology industry based on a survey of dedicated German biotechnology firms (n = 92). We find that i) members of biotechnology clusters primarily take part in events related to network development and fundraising, ii) they do so by a much greater extent than firms outside of clusters. We then show that firms in clusters are more likely to engage in R&D collaborations, to attract public R&D grants or private investments, and to be innovators.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/233052
    Schriftenreihe: [ZEW-Gutachten und Forschungsberichte]
    Schlagworte: Cluster policy; Agglomeration; Biotechnology
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 27 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Guilt by association: how scientific misconduct harms prior collaborators
    Autor*in: Hussinger, Katrin; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: July, 2018
    Verlag:  Center for Research in Economics and Management, University of Luxembourg, Faculty of Law, Economics and Finance, Luxembourg

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2018, 15
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten)
  7. Public R&D investment in economic crises
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Peters, Bettina; Hud, Martin; Rammer, Christian; Licht, Georg
    Erschienen: November, 2021
    Verlag:  University of Luxemborg, Faculty of Law, Economics and Finance, Luxembourg

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    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: November 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 2021, 25
    Schlagworte: R&D; Public Policy; Business Cycle
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Public R&D investment in economic crises
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Peters, Bettina; Hud, Martin; Rammer, Christian; Licht, Georg
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Verein für Socialpolitik, [Köln]

    We study the cyclicality of public R&D in 28 OECD countries (1995 - 2017). While procyclical on average, public R&D reacts asymmetrically over different phases of the business cycle and becomes acyclical during recessions. It is also heterogeneous... mehr

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    We study the cyclicality of public R&D in 28 OECD countries (1995 - 2017). While procyclical on average, public R&D reacts asymmetrically over different phases of the business cycle and becomes acyclical during recessions. It is also heterogeneous across countries: Innovation leaders and followers behave countercyclically during recessions while moderate innovators behave procyclically. Furthermore, the share of public R&D allocated to the business sector is countercyclical, but the thematic composition remains stable. These results, not driven by countries' financial constraints, imply that countries behind the innovation frontier might strengthen their resilience to economic crises by adopting countercyclical R&D strategies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/242467
    Auflage/Ausgabe: First version: January 2018, this version: November 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Jahrestagung 2021 / Verein für Socialpolitik ; 141
    Schlagworte: R&D; Public Policy; Business Cycle
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 41 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. The interplay between product innovation, publishing, patenting and developing standards
    Autor*in: Blind, Knut; Krieger, Bastian; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim, Germany

    Firms use a variety of practices to disclose the knowledge generated by their R&D activities, including, but not limited to, publishing findings in scientific journals, patenting new technologies, and contributing to developing standards. While the... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Firms use a variety of practices to disclose the knowledge generated by their R&D activities, including, but not limited to, publishing findings in scientific journals, patenting new technologies, and contributing to developing standards. While the individual effects of engaging in the listed practices on firm innovation are well-understood, the existing literature has not considered their interrelation. Therefore, our study examines if the three practices are complements, substitutes, or unrelated in terms of firms’ performance with product innovations new to the market. Our analysis builds on a sample of innovation-active firms from the German Community Innovation Survey, which includes information on the development of standards, enhanced with information on firms' engagement in patenting and publishing. We find that 26% of innovation-active firms engage in at least one of the three practices, and 22% of engaging firms combine them. Using supermodularity tests, we show that publishing and patenting as well as patenting and developing standards are substitutes. Publishing and developing standards are not significantly linked. Based on our findings, we derive implications for innovation management and policy.

     
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    hdl: 10419/261294
    Auflage/Ausgabe: This version: May 2020
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 22, 018 (06/2022)
    Schlagworte: Standardization; patents; scientific publications; product innovation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (35 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Understanding the nature and impact of the business angels in funding research and innovation
    final report
    Autor*in: Ali, Sana; Berger, Marius; Botelho, Tiago; Duvy, Jean-Noël; Frencia, Chiara; Gluntz, Philippe; Delater, Aurélie; Licht, Georg; Losso, Jacopo; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: [2017]
    Verlag:  [ZEW - Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH], [Mannheim]

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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/181907
    Schriftenreihe: [ZEW-Gutachten und Forschungsberichte]
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 213 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. New perspectives in European innovation policy
    Autor*in: Krieger, Bastian; Licht, Georg; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: [2018]
    Verlag:  ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH, Mannheim

    Innovation is essential for economic growth, and governments must encourage firms to increase their investments in innovation. Europe is losing ground to its main Asian competitors when it comes to R&D investment, and is barely keeping pace with the... mehr

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    Innovation is essential for economic growth, and governments must encourage firms to increase their investments in innovation. Europe is losing ground to its main Asian competitors when it comes to R&D investment, and is barely keeping pace with the U.S. Moreover, the rate of return on innovation has become significantly weaker in Europe. This has been caused by its relative lack of innovative SMEs, the slow diffusion of innovation, and the increasingly competitive innovation marketplace. In this light, scholars and policy makers are arguing for a new approach to European innovation policy that puts more weight on the development of disruptive innovation and on the diffusion of new technologies throughout the market.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/183222
    Schriftenreihe: ZEW policy brief ; no. 07 (October 2018)
    Schlagworte: EU-Forschungspolitik; Innovationsdiffusion; EU-Staaten
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 7 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Public investment in R&D in reaction to economic crises
    a longitudinal study for OECD countries
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Peters, Bettina; Hud, Martin; Rammer, Christian; Licht, Georg
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  ZEW, Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim

    The paper investigates the reaction of public R&D spending on economic crises. We are interested in two counteracting motives: On the one hand, public R&D spending can be seen as a means to fight the crisis, and governments may decide to increase... mehr

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    The paper investigates the reaction of public R&D spending on economic crises. We are interested in two counteracting motives: On the one hand, public R&D spending can be seen as a means to fight the crisis, and governments may decide to increase their R&D budgets. On the other hand, a crisis reduces public income and urges governments to cut spending, which may negatively affect public R&D budgets. Using panel data from 26 OECD countries over the period 1995 to 2015, we investigate how public R&D expenditure changes over the business cycle for different types of government R&D expenditure. On average, we find evidence for a strong pro-cyclical effect on public R&D investments. But country heterogeneity matters. Whereas European innovation leaders and non-EU countries pursue a counter-cyclical strategy, innovation followers and moderate innovators behave pro-cyclical. This leads to an increasing innovation gap in Europe. Short-run and long-run financing conditions (budget surplus and government debt levels) also significantly affect public R&D spending. However, there is no evidence that economic crises systematically affect the composition of public R&D spending along different thematic areas or by beneficiaries.

     
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 18-005
    Umfang: 35 Seiten, Illustrationen
  13. Do companies benefit from public research organizations?
    the impact of the Fraunhofer Society in Germany
    Autor*in: Comin, Diego; Licht, Georg; Pellens, Maikel; Schubert, Torben
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  ZEW - Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH Mannheim, Mannheim

    Among available policy levers to boost innovation, investment in applied research organisations has received little empirical attention. In this paper, we analyse the case of the Fraunhofer Society, the largest public applied research organization in... mehr

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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Bremen
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    Universitätsbibliothek Mannheim
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    Among available policy levers to boost innovation, investment in applied research organisations has received little empirical attention. In this paper, we analyse the case of the Fraunhofer Society, the largest public applied research organization in Germany. We analyse whether project interaction with Fraunhofer affects the performance and strategic orientation of firms. To that end, we assemble a unique dataset based on the confidential Fraunhofer-internal project management system and merge it with the German contribution to the Community Innovation Survey (CIS), which contains panel information on firm performance. Using instrumental variables that exploit the scale heteroscedasticity of the independent variable (Lewbel, 2012), we identify the causal effects of Fraunhofer interactions on firm performance and strategies. We find a strong, positive effect of project interaction on growth in turnover and productivity. In particular, we find that a one percent increase in the size of the contracts with FhG leads to an increase in growth rate of sales by 1.3 percentage points, and to an increase in the growth rate of productivity by 0.8 percentage points in the short-run. We also provide evidence of considerable long-run effects accumulating to 18% growth in sales and 12% growth in productivity over the course of 15 years. More detailed analyses reveal, amongst others, that the performance effects become stronger the more often firms interact with Fraunhofer and that interactions aiming at generation of technology have a stronger effect than interactions aiming merely at the implementation of existing technologies. Finally, we provide evidence on the macroeconomic productivity effects of Fraunhofer interactions on the German economy. Our results indicate that doubling Fraunhofer revenues from industry (+€ 0.68 bn.) would increase overall productivity in the German economy by 0.55%.

     
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    hdl: 10419/193962
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; no. 19, 006 (03/2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 47 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Guilt by association
    how scientific misconduct harms prior collaborators
    Autor*in: Hussinger, Katrin; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  ZEW, Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim

    Recent highly publicized cases of scientific misconduct have raised concerns about its consequences for academic careers. Previous and anecdotal evidence suggests that these reach far beyond the fraudulent scientist and her career, affecting... mehr

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    Recent highly publicized cases of scientific misconduct have raised concerns about its consequences for academic careers. Previous and anecdotal evidence suggests that these reach far beyond the fraudulent scientist and her career, affecting coauthors and institutions. Here we show that the negative effects of scientific misconduct spill over to uninvolved prior collaborators: compared to a control group, prior collaborators of misconducting scientists, who have no link to the misconduct case, are cited 8 to 9% less afterwards. We suggest that the mechanism underlying this phenomenon is stigmatization by mere association. The result suggests that scientific misconduct generates large indirect costs in the form of mistrust against a wider range of research findings than was previously assumed. The broad fallout of misconduct implies that potential whistleblowers might be disinclined to make their concerns public in order to protect their own reputation and career.

     
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    hdl: 10419/171327
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW, Centre for European Economic Research ; no. 17, 051
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Business angels
    crucial elements of the European financial ecosystem
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Licht, Georg
    Erschienen: 2017
    Verlag:  ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH, Mannheim

    Europe faces a conundrum. Despite high levels of research investment and leading the market in many industries, disruptive and radical innovation typically does not come from European startups. One of the reasons for this is financial constraints:... mehr

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    Europe faces a conundrum. Despite high levels of research investment and leading the market in many industries, disruptive and radical innovation typically does not come from European startups. One of the reasons for this is financial constraints: most innovative European start-ups do not manage to attract institutional funders or venture capitalists to invest in their growth, and hence do not fulfill their growth potential. Business angels, individual investors who support early-stage firms with capital and experience, are believed to be able to fill this gap in the funding landscape and thus help boost European innovation. However, relatively little is known about business angel activities in Europe. In this policy brief, we summarize recent research conducted at the Centre for European Economic Research (ZEW), highlight trends in the German and European business angel markets, and discuss implications for the design of policies aimed at fostering the development of markets for business angel investment.

     
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    hdl: 10419/172196
    Schriftenreihe: ZEW policy brief ; no. 2017, 5 (November 2017)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 6 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. Public investment in R&D in reaction to economic crises
    a longitudinal study for OECD countries
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Peters, Bettina; Hud, Martin; Rammer, Christian; Licht, Georg
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  ZEW, Centre for European Economic Research, Mannheim

    The paper investigates the reaction of public R&D spending on economic crises. We are interested in two counteracting motives: On the one hand, public R&D spending can be seen as a means to fight the crisis, and governments may decide to increase... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    The paper investigates the reaction of public R&D spending on economic crises. We are interested in two counteracting motives: On the one hand, public R&D spending can be seen as a means to fight the crisis, and governments may decide to increase their R&D budgets. On the other hand, a crisis reduces public income and urges governments to cut spending, which may negatively affect public R&D budgets. Using panel data from 26 OECD countries over the period 1995 to 2015, we investigate how public R&D expenditure changes over the business cycle for different types of government R&D expenditure. On average, we find evidence for a strong pro-cyclical effect on public R&D investments. But country heterogeneity matters. Whereas European innovation leaders and non-EU countries pursue a counter-cyclical strategy, innovation followers and moderate innovators behave pro-cyclical. This leads to an increasing innovation gap in Europe. Short-run and long-run financing conditions (budget surplus and government debt levels) also significantly affect public R&D spending. However, there is no evidence that economic crises systematically affect the composition of public R&D spending along different thematic areas or by beneficiaries.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/174863
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW, Centre for European Economic Research ; no. 18, 005
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 38 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Mapping the regional embeddedness of the NMP programme
    final report of the project "RTD-NMP-2014-Mapping"
    Beteiligt: Anciaux, David (HerausgeberIn); Neves, Eurico (HerausgeberIn); Zee, Frans A. van der (HerausgeberIn); Giessen, Annelieke van der (HerausgeberIn); Rammer, Christian (HerausgeberIn); Pellens, Maikel (HerausgeberIn)
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  European Commission Directorate-General for Research and Innovation Industrial Technologies, Brussels

    The aim of this study is to analyse how research and innovation activities, funded by the Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, Materials, New Production Technologies (NMP) and the Industrial Biotechnology (B) themes in the Seventh Framework Programme... mehr

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    The aim of this study is to analyse how research and innovation activities, funded by the Nanosciences and Nanotechnologies, Materials, New Production Technologies (NMP) and the Industrial Biotechnology (B) themes in the Seventh Framework Programme for Research (FP7) (together: FP7 NMBP), are embedded at a regional level, how the activities linked to local and regional networks and clusters, and to what extent and in what way these activities impacted at the regional level. This final report presents the summary of the main elements of the study: Mapping and Regression analysis, Network analysis, Case studies of seven regions and the Synthesis. This report closes with Conclusions and Policy recommendations for European as well as regional policy-makers

     
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    Beteiligt: Anciaux, David (HerausgeberIn); Neves, Eurico (HerausgeberIn); Zee, Frans A. van der (HerausgeberIn); Giessen, Annelieke van der (HerausgeberIn); Rammer, Christian (HerausgeberIn); Pellens, Maikel (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9789279577260
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/141311
    KI-01-16-331-EN-N
    Schriftenreihe: [ZEW-Gutachten und Forschungsberichte]
    Schlagworte: EU-Forschungspolitik; Nanotechnologie; Biotechnologie; Räumliche Wirkung; Regionales Cluster; Betriebliche Wertschöpfung; Regressionsanalyse; EU-Staaten
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 54 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Changing of the guard
    structural change and corporate science in the semiconductor industry
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel; Della Malva, Antonio
    Erschienen: 2016
    Verlag:  ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung GmbH, Mannheim

    This article documents a structural change in the production of science in the U.S. semiconductor industry over almost three decades. We observe a change in scientific productivity over time, where smaller firms publish more articles per dollar in... mehr

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    This article documents a structural change in the production of science in the U.S. semiconductor industry over almost three decades. We observe a change in scientific productivity over time, where smaller firms publish more articles per dollar in R&D. Moreover, our results show a positive relationship between the value of intangibles and scientific publications, driven by basic research results. These effects are especially strong among Fabless 'design' firms and among firms in the post-PC era of semiconductor manufacturing, in line with a premium for smaller firms which invest in science in times of structural technological change.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/142798
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW, Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung ; no. 16-050
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Access to research inputs
    open science versus the entrepreneurial university
    Autor*in: Czarnitzki, Dirk; Grimpe, Christoph; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  KU Leuven, Fac. of Economics and Business, Leuven

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: MSI ; 1408
    Schlagworte: open science; research funding; industry sponsorship; research inputs
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (22 S.), graph. Darst.
  20. Access to research inputs
    open science versus the entrepreneurial university
    Autor*in: Czarnitzki, Dirk; Grimpe, Christoph; Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  ZEW, Mannheim

    The viability of modern open science norms and practices depend on public disclosure of new knowledge, methods, and materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show, through... mehr

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    The viability of modern open science norms and practices depend on public disclosure of new knowledge, methods, and materials. However, increasing industry funding of research can restrict the dissemination of results and materials. We show, through a survey sample of 837 German scientists in life sciences, natural sciences, engineering, and social sciences, that scientists who receive industry funding are twice as likely to deny requests for research inputs as those who do not. Receiving external funding in general does not affect denying others access. Scientists who receive external funding of any kind are, however, 50% more likely to be denied access to research materials by others, but this is not affected by being funded specifically by industry.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/94351
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / ZEW ; 14-018
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (20, [3] S.)
  21. The motivations of scientists as drivers of international mobility decisions
    Autor*in: Pellens, Maikel
    Erschienen: 2012
    Verlag:  Katholieke Univ. Leuven, Faculty of Business and Economics, Leuven

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: OR ; 1202
    Umfang: Online-Ressource ( 37 S.), graph. Darst.