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  1. Do people demand fact-checked news?
    evidence from U.S. democrats
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    In a large-scale online experiment with U.S. Democrats, we examine how the demand for a newsletter about an economic relief plan changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for fact-checking when the... mehr

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    In a large-scale online experiment with U.S. Democrats, we examine how the demand for a newsletter about an economic relief plan changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for fact-checking when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically aligned source, even though fact-checking increases the perceived accuracy of the newsletter. The average impact of fact-checking masks substantial heterogeneity by ideology: fact-checking reduces demand among Democrats with strong ideological views and increases demand among ideologically moderate Democrats. Furthermore, fact-checking increases demand among all Democrats when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically non-aligned source.

     
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    hdl: 10419/248950
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9405 (2021)
    Schlagworte: fact-checking; news demand; information; media bias; belief polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 94 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Do people demand fact-checked news?
    evidence from U.S. Democrats
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    In a large-scale online experiment with U.S. Democrats, we examine how the demand for a newsletter about an economic relief plan changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for factchecking when the... mehr

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    In a large-scale online experiment with U.S. Democrats, we examine how the demand for a newsletter about an economic relief plan changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for factchecking when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically aligned source, even though fact-checking increases the perceived accuracy of the newsletter. The average impact of fact-checking masks substantial heterogeneity by ideology: fact-checking reduces demand among Democrats with strong ideological views and increases demand among ideologically moderate Democrats. Furthermore, fact-checking increases demand among all Democrats when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically non-aligned source.

     
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    hdl: 10419/248663
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 121
    Schlagworte: Fact-checking; News Demand; Information; Media Bias; Belief Polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 93 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Studying information acquisition in the field: a practical guide and review
    Autor*in: Capozza, Francesco; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We review the emerging literature on information acquisition in field settings. We first document an increase in studies on information acquisition and review relevant studies in different subfields of economics, including macroeconomics, political... mehr

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    We review the emerging literature on information acquisition in field settings. We first document an increase in studies on information acquisition and review relevant studies in different subfields of economics, including macroeconomics, political economy, labor economics, health economics, and finance. We next provide an overview of empirical techniques to measure information acquisition and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different methods. We then discuss how one can design studies to test the predictions of different theories of information acquisition. We conclude by highlighting possible directions for future research.

     
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    hdl: 10419/248666
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 124
    Schlagworte: Information acquisition; Willingness to pay; Click data; Experimental Design; Beliefs; Surveys
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Studying information acquisition in the field
    a practical guide and review
    Autor*in: Capozza, Francesco; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christoffer; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  CEBI, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

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    hdl: 10419/258958
    Schriftenreihe: CEBI working paper series ; 21, 15
    Schlagworte: Information acquisition; Willingness to pay; Click data; Experimental Design; Beliefs; Surveys
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten)
  5. Do people value more informative news?
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  University of Warwick, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Warwick economics research papers ; no: 1285 (July 2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 117 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Designing information provision experiments
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  The University of Warwick, Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy ; no. 484 (June 2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten)
  7. Labor market concerns and support for immigration
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: June 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Do labor market concerns affect support for immigration? Using a large, representative sample of the US population, we first elicit beliefs about the labor market impact of immigration. To generate exogenous variation in beliefs, we then provide... mehr

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    Do labor market concerns affect support for immigration? Using a large, representative sample of the US population, we first elicit beliefs about the labor market impact of immigration. To generate exogenous variation in beliefs, we then provide respondents in the treatment group with research evidence showing no adverse labor market impacts of immigration. Treated respondents update their beliefs and become more supportive of immigration, as measured by self-reported policy views and petition signatures. Treatment effects also persist in an obfuscated follow-up study. Our results demonstrate that information about the labor market impact of immigration causally affects support for immigration.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/223473
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8401 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 104 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Designing information provision experiments
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: June 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We review methodological questions relevant for the design of information provision experiments. We first provide a literature review of major areas in which information provision experiments are applied. We then outline key measurement challenges... mehr

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    We review methodological questions relevant for the design of information provision experiments. We first provide a literature review of major areas in which information provision experiments are applied. We then outline key measurement challenges and design recommendations that may be of help for practitioners planning to conduct an information experiment. We discuss the measurement of subjective beliefs, including the role of incentives and ways to reduce measurement error. We also discuss the design of the information intervention, as well as the measurement of belief updating. Moreover, we describe ways to mitigate potential experimenter demand effects and numerical anchoring arising from the information treatment. Finally, we discuss typical effect sizes in information experiments.

     
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    hdl: 10419/223478
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8406 (2020)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 56 Seiten)
  9. Do people value more informative news?
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We examine whether the desire for more information is people's dominant motive for reading economic and political news. Drawing on representative samples of the U.S. population with more than 15,000 respondents in total, we measure and experimentally... mehr

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    We examine whether the desire for more information is people's dominant motive for reading economic and political news. Drawing on representative samples of the U.S. population with more than 15,000 respondents in total, we measure and experimentally vary people's beliefs about the informativeness of news. Inconsistent with the desire for more information being the dominant motive for people's news consumption, treated respondents who think that a newspaper is less likely to suppress information reduce their demand for news from this newspaper. Furthermore, treated respondents who think that a news outlet is more likely to make false claims do not reduce their demand for this outlet. These findings strongly suggest that people have other motives to read news that sometimes conflict with their desire for more informative news. We discuss the implications of our findings for the regulation of media markets.

     
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    hdl: 10419/215028
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 8026 (December 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 117 Seiten), Illustrationen
  10. Designing information provision experiments
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  CEBI, Department of Economics, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen

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    hdl: 10419/258934
    Schriftenreihe: CEBI working paper series ; 20, 20
    Schlagworte: Experimental Design; Beliefs; Information; Obfuscation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 55 Seiten)
  11. The demand for fact-checking
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  University of Warwick, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Warwick economics research papers ; no: 1357 (May 2021)
    Schlagworte: Fact-checking; News Consumption; Information; Media Bias; Belief Polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 88 Seiten), Illustrationen
  12. Beliefs about racial discrimination and support for pro-black policies
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  The University of Warwick, Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy ; no. 554 (April 2021)
    Schlagworte: Racial Discrimination; Beliefs; Pro-Black Policies; Policy Preferences
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten), Illustrationen
  13. Disguising prejudice
    popular rationales as excuses for intolerant expression
    Autor*in: Bursztyn, Leonardo; Haaland, Ingar; Rao, Aakaash; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  The University of Warwick, Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / Centre for Competitive Advantage in the Global Economy ; no. 555 (April 2021)
    Schlagworte: Social image; xenophobia; propaganda; political attitudes
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 138 Seiten), Illustrationen
  14. Beliefs about racial discrimination and supportfor pro-black policies
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  University of Warwick, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Warwick economics research papers ; no: 1339 (March 2021)
    Schlagworte: Racial Discrimination; Beliefs; Pro-Black Policies; Policy Preferences
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 100 Seiten), Illustrationen
  15. Disguising prejudice
    Popular rationales as excuses for intolerant expression
    Autor*in: Bursztyn, Leonardo; Haaland, Ingar; Rao, Aakaash; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  University of Warwick, Department of Economics, Coventry, United Kingdom

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    Schriftenreihe: Warwick economics research papers ; no: 1340 (March 2021)
    Schlagworte: Social image; xenophobia; propaganda; political attitudes
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 138 Seiten), Illustrationen
  16. The demand for fact-checking
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: May 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    Using a large-scale online experiment with more than 8,000 U.S. respondents, we examine how the demand for a politics newsletter changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for fact-checking when the... mehr

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    Using a large-scale online experiment with more than 8,000 U.S. respondents, we examine how the demand for a politics newsletter changes when the newsletter content is fact-checked. We first document an overall muted demand for fact-checking when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically aligned source, even though fact-checking increases the perceived accuracy of the newsletter. The average impact of fact-checking masks substantial heterogeneity by ideology: fact-checking reduces demand among respondents with strong ideological views and increases demand among ideologically moderate respondents. Furthermore, fact-checking increases demand among all respondents when the newsletter features stories from an ideologically non-aligned source.

     
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    hdl: 10419/235431
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9061 (2021)
    Schlagworte: fact-checking; news consumption; information; media bias; belief polarization
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 89 Seiten), Illustrationen
  17. Beliefs about racial discrimination and support for pro-black policies
    Autor*in: Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We examine whether information about racial discrimination causally affects support for pro-black policies. Using representative samples of Americans, we elicit quantitative and incentivized beliefs about the extent of hiring discrimination against... mehr

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    We examine whether information about racial discrimination causally affects support for pro-black policies. Using representative samples of Americans, we elicit quantitative and incentivized beliefs about the extent of hiring discrimination against blacks. Relative to Republicans, Democrats think that blacks have to send out 47 percent more resumes than whites to receive a callback. An information treatment substantially narrows Republican-Democrat differences in beliefs, but fails to narrow differences in political behavior. Overall, the results demonstrate that correcting biases in beliefs about the extent of racial discrimination is not sufficient to reduce political polarization in support for pro-black policies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/207219
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 7828 (August 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 116 Seiten), Illustrationen
  18. Inflation narratives
    Autor*in: Andre, Peter; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We provide evidence on the stories that people tell to explain a historically notable rise in inflation using samples of experts, U.S. households, and managers. We document substantial heterogeneity in narratives about the drivers of higher inflation... mehr

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    We provide evidence on the stories that people tell to explain a historically notable rise in inflation using samples of experts, U.S. households, and managers. We document substantial heterogeneity in narratives about the drivers of higher inflation rates. Experts put more emphasis on demand-side factors, such as fiscal and monetary policy, and on supply chain disruptions. Other supply-side factors, such as labor shortages or increased energy costs, are equally prominent across samples. Households and managers are more likely to tell generic stories related to the pandemic or mismanagement by the government. We also find that households and managers expect the increase in inflation to be more persistent than experts. Moreover, narratives about the drivers of the inflation increase are strongly correlated with beliefs about its persistence. Our findings have implications for understanding macroeconomic expectation formation.

     
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    hdl: 10419/249865
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 127
    Schlagworte: Narratives; Inflation; Beliefs; Macroeconomics; Fiscal Policy; Monetary Policy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 90 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. The demand for news
    accuracy concerns versus belief confirmation motives
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: June 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    We examine the relative importance of accuracy concerns and belief confirmation motives in driving the demand for news. In experiments with US respondents, we first vary beliefs about whether an outlet reports the news in a right-wing biased,... mehr

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    We examine the relative importance of accuracy concerns and belief confirmation motives in driving the demand for news. In experiments with US respondents, we first vary beliefs about whether an outlet reports the news in a right-wing biased, left-wing biased, or unbiased way. We then measure demand for a newsletter covering articles from this outlet. Respondents only reduce their demand for biased news if the bias is inconsistent with their own political beliefs, suggesting a trade-off between accuracy concerns and belief confirmation motives. We quantify this trade-off using a structural model and find a similar quantitative importance of both motives.

     
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    hdl: 10419/262101
    Auflage/Ausgabe: June 2022 (updated version)
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 157
    Schlagworte: News Demand; Media Bias; Accuracy Concerns; Belief Confirmation
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 110 Seiten), Illustrationen
  20. Justifying Dissent
    Autor*in: Bursztyn, Leonardo; Egorov, Georgij V.; Haaland, Ingar; Rao, Aakaash; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: 2022
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    Dissent plays an important role in any society, but dissenters are often silenced through social sanctions. Beyond their persuasive effects, rationales providing arguments supporting dissenters' causes can increase the public expression of dissent by... mehr

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    Dissent plays an important role in any society, but dissenters are often silenced through social sanctions. Beyond their persuasive effects, rationales providing arguments supporting dissenters' causes can increase the public expression of dissent by providing a "social cover" for voicing otherwise-stigmatized positions. Motivated by a simple theoretical framework, we experimentally show that liberals are more willing to post a Tweet opposing the movement to defund the police, are seen as less prejudiced, and face lower social sanctions when their Tweet implies they had first read scientific evidence supporting their position. Analogous experiments with conservatives demonstrate that the same mechanisms facilitate anti-immigrant expression. Our findings highlight both the power of rationales and their limitations in enabling dissent and shed light on phenomena such as social movements, political correctness, propaganda, and anti-minority behavior

     
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    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; no. w29730
    Schlagworte: Soziale Norm; Politische Einstellung; USA
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
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  21. Inflation narratives
    Autor*in: Andre, Peter; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: 28 November 2021
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP16758
    Schlagworte: Narratives; Inflation; Beliefs; Macroeconomics; Fiscal Policy; MonetaryPolicy
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 92 Seiten), Illustrationen
  22. Justifying dissent
    Autor*in: Bursztyn, Leonardo; Egorov, Georgij V.; Haaland, Ingar; Rao, Aakaash; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

    Dissent plays an important role in any society, but dissenters are often silenced through social sanctions. Beyond their persuasive effects, rationales providing arguments supporting dissenters' causes can increase the public expression of dissent by... mehr

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    Dissent plays an important role in any society, but dissenters are often silenced through social sanctions. Beyond their persuasive effects, rationales providing arguments supporting dissenters' causes can increase the public expression of dissent by providing a "social cover" for voicing otherwisestigmatized positions. Motivated by a simple theoretical framework, we experimentally show that liberals are more willing to post a Tweet opposing the movement to defund the police, are seen as less prejudiced, and face lower social sanctions when their Tweet implies they had first read scientific evidence supporting their position. Analogous experiments with conservatives demonstrate that the same mechanisms facilitate anti-immigrant expression. Our findings highlight both the power of rationales and their limitations in enabling dissent and shed light on phenomena such as social movements, political correctness, propaganda, and anti-minority behavior.

     
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    hdl: 10419/252302
    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 141
    Schlagworte: Soziale Norm; Politische Einstellung; USA; Dissent; social image; rationales; social media
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 172 Seiten), Illustrationen
  23. Scapegoating during crises
    Autor*in: Bursztyn, Leonardo; Egorov, Georgij V.; Haaland, Ingar; Rao, Aakaash; Roth, Christopher
    Erschienen: January 2022
    Verlag:  ECONtribute, Bonn

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    Schriftenreihe: ECONtribute discussion paper ; no. 142
    Schlagworte: Wirtschaftskrise; Diskriminierung
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 8 Seiten), Illustrationen
  24. Narratives about the macroeconomy
    Autor*in: Andre, Peter; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Wohlfart, Johannes
    Erschienen: 13 May 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17305
    Schlagworte: Narratives; Expectation Formation; Causal Reasoning; Inflation; Media; Attention
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 99 Seiten)
  25. The null result penalty
    Autor*in: Chopra, Felix; Haaland, Ingar; Roth, Christopher; Stegmann, Andreas
    Erschienen: May 2022
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    We examine how the evaluation of research studies in economics depends on whether a study yielded a null result. Studies with null results are perceived to be less publishable, of lower quality, less important, and less precisely estimated than... mehr

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    We examine how the evaluation of research studies in economics depends on whether a study yielded a null result. Studies with null results are perceived to be less publishable, of lower quality, less important, and less precisely estimated than studies with significant results, even when holding constant all other study features, including the precision of estimates. The null result penalty is of similar magnitude among PhD students and journal editors. The penalty is larger when experts predict a large effect and when statistical uncertainty is communicated with p-values rather than standard errors. Our findings highlight the value of pre-results review.

     
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    hdl: 10419/263706
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9776 (2022)
    Schlagworte: null results; publication bias; learning; information; scientific communication
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 53 Seiten), Illustrationen