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  1. COVID-19 and implications for automation
    Autor*in: Chernoff, Alex; Warman, Casey
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Bank of Canada, [Ottawa]

    COVID-19 may accelerate the automation of jobs as employers invest in technology to safeguard against pandemics. We identify occupations that have high automation potential and also exhibit a high risk of viral infection. We examine regional... mehr

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    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    Signatur:
    DS 219
    Fernleihe:
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    COVID-19 may accelerate the automation of jobs as employers invest in technology to safeguard against pandemics. We identify occupations that have high automation potential and also exhibit a high risk of viral infection. We examine regional variation in terms of which U.S. local labor markets are most at risk. Next, we outline the differential impacts COVID-19 may have on different demographic groups. We find that the highest-risk occupations in the United States are those held by females with mid- to low wage and education levels. Using comparable data for 25 other countries, we also find that women in this demographic are at the highest risk internationally. We examine monthly employment data from the United States and find that women in high-risk occupations experienced a larger initial decline in employment and a weaker recovery during the pandemic.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/241248
    Auflage/Ausgabe: Last updated: May 31, 2021
    Schriftenreihe: Staff working paper / Bank of Canada ; 2021, 25
    Schlagworte: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19); International topics; Labour markets
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 32 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Exchange rates, retailers, and importing
    theory and firm-level evidence
    Autor*in: Alexander, Patrick; Chernoff, Alex
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Bank of Canada, [Ottawa]

    We develop a model with firm heterogeneity in importing and cross-border shopping among consumers. Exchange-rate appreciations lower the cost of imported goods, but also lead to more cross-border shopping; hence, the net impact on aggregate retail... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 219
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    keine Fernleihe

     

    We develop a model with firm heterogeneity in importing and cross-border shopping among consumers. Exchange-rate appreciations lower the cost of imported goods, but also lead to more cross-border shopping; hence, the net impact on aggregate retail prices and sales is ambiguous. Using Canadian firm-level data from 2002 to 2012, we find empirical support for several predictions of the model. We then estimate the model-implied exchange-rate elasticities of aggregate retail prices and sales. Our benchmark results indicate a deflationary effect of appreciations on retail prices and a small positive effect on sales. From 2002 to 2012, the Canadian exchange rate appreciated by 57%, which, according to our model, led to a 6.5% reduction in the retail price index. We also find that the estimated elasticities of aggregate retail prices and sales grew over this period, driven by import growth from China. This suggests that the transmission of exchange-rate movements to prices has grown since the early 2000s, which has consequences for the role of Canada's flexible exchange rate regime in supporting inflation stability.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/210774
    Schriftenreihe: Staff working paper / Bank of Canada ; 2019, 34 (September 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 51 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Digitalization
    labour markets
    Autor*in: Chernoff, Alex; Galassi, Gabriela
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Bank of Canada, [Ottawa]

    In this paper, the authors assess the relationship between digitalization and labour demand and supply, and how this relationship affects wages and income inequality. We also explore implications of recent digitalization trends for the future of... mehr

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    In this paper, the authors assess the relationship between digitalization and labour demand and supply, and how this relationship affects wages and income inequality. We also explore implications of recent digitalization trends for the future of work.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
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    Schriftenreihe: Staff discussion paper / Bank of Canada ; 2023, 16
    Schlagworte: Digitalization; Labour markets
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 36 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Local labor markets in Canada and the United States
    Autor*in: Albouy, David; Chernoff, Alex; Lutz, Chandler; Warman, Casey
    Erschienen: [2019]
    Verlag:  Bank of Canada, [Ottawa]

    We examine local labor markets in the United States and Canada from 1990 to 2011 using comparable household and business data. Wage levels and inequality rise with city population in both countries, albeit less in Canada. Neither country saw wage... mehr

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    We examine local labor markets in the United States and Canada from 1990 to 2011 using comparable household and business data. Wage levels and inequality rise with city population in both countries, albeit less in Canada. Neither country saw wage levels converge despite contrasting migration patterns from/to high-wage areas. Local labor demand shifts raise nominal wages similarly, although in Canada they attract immigrant and highly skilled workers more, while raising housing costs less. Chinese import competition had a weaker negative impact on manufacturing employment in Canada. These results are consistent with Canada's more redistributive transfer system and larger, moreeducated immigrant workforce.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/197926
    Schriftenreihe: Staff working paper / Bank of Canada ; 2019, 12 (March 2019)
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Local labor markets in Canada and the United States
    Autor*in: Albouy, David; Chernoff, Alex; Lutz, Chandler; Warman, Casey
    Erschienen: March 2019
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA

    Standort:
    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Druck
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper series / National Bureau of Economic Research ; 25709
    Schlagworte: Regionaler Arbeitsmarkt; Regionale Lohnstruktur; Vergleich; Kanada; USA
    Umfang: 58 Seiten, Illustrationen
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  6. An overview of the indigenous economy in Canada
    Autor*in: Chernoff, Alex; Cheung, Calista
    Erschienen: [2023]
    Verlag:  Bank of Canada, [Ottawa]

    Attempts to measure aspects of the Indigenous economy in Canada are limited by data availability and quality. Drawing on the most recent data sources and research, we provide an overview of the Indigenous economy in Canada. This includes a discussion... mehr

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    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
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    DS 201
    Fernleihe:
    keine Fernleihe

     

    Attempts to measure aspects of the Indigenous economy in Canada are limited by data availability and quality. Drawing on the most recent data sources and research, we provide an overview of the Indigenous economy in Canada. This includes a discussion of the various characteristics of the Indigenous economy, including the labour market and the business sector, institutional settings, and the state of infrastructure. While several measures suggest economic outcomes have improved for Indigenous Peoples in recent decades, institutional settings and gaps in infrastructure and financing continue to hinder their economic progress. The creation of new institutions is helping Indigenous communities to overcome historic barriers to growth, but continued progress is needed to improve data on the Indigenous economy. This would enable policymakers and Indigenous leaders to measure progress and make informed decisions.

     
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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
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    Schriftenreihe: Staff discussion paper / Bank of Canada ; 2023, 25
    Schlagworte: Central bank research; Development economics; Financial services; Labour markets; Monetary Policy Transmission; Regional economic developments
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 33 Seiten), Illustrationen