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  1. Trends in absolute income mobility in North America and Europe

    We compute rates of absolute upward income mobility for the 1960-1987 birth cohorts in eight countries in North America and Europe. Rates and trends in absolute mobility varied dramatically across countries during this period: the US and Canada saw... mehr

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    We compute rates of absolute upward income mobility for the 1960-1987 birth cohorts in eight countries in North America and Europe. Rates and trends in absolute mobility varied dramatically across countries during this period: the US and Canada saw upward mobility rates near 50% for recent cohorts, while countries like Norway and Finland saw sustained rates above 70%. Decomposition analysis suggests that differences in the marginal income distributions, especially the amount of cross-cohort income inequality, were the primary driver of differing mobility rates across countries. We also demonstrate that absolute mobility rates can be accurately estimated without linked parent-child data.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/246020
    Schriftenreihe: Working paper / Institute for Evaluation of Labour Market and Education Policy ; 2020, 11
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 87 Seiten), Illustrationen
  2. Challenges for the childcare market: the implications of COVID-19 for childcare providers in England
    Erschienen: [2020]
    Verlag:  Institute for Fiscal Studies, London

    The closures of childcare providers to most families during the COVID-19 crisis have underlined the importance of access to childcare, both to support paid work and to help shape young children's environment. However, the crisis has had severe... mehr

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    The closures of childcare providers to most families during the COVID-19 crisis have underlined the importance of access to childcare, both to support paid work and to help shape young children's environment. However, the crisis has had severe consequences for the finances of childcare providers, which were already weak in several parts of the sector going into the crisis. Despite a range of government support programmes, many providers lost income during lockdown. In the medium term, a longer-lasting fall in demand for childcare or an increase in costs related to social distancing could seriously hamper financial sustainability in the sector going forward. In this report, we assess the consequences of the pandemic - and the resulting public health response - for the finances of early years childcare providers. The pandemic has hit demand for childcare hard: during the lockdown, when only vulnerable children and those with key worker parents were able to access childcare, fewer than 250,000 children aged 0 to 4 were attending childcare on a given day, compared to around 1.4 million before the pandemic. Since June, the sector has been allowed to serve all children in England, but even before the summer holidays, take-up peaked at 420,000 children. We summarise the packages of support available to providers to help them cope with the loss of demand during the lockdown and over the next few months, and we model how these have interacted with the loss of income due to the crisis and with providers' pre-existing finances. We also discuss how the changes to providers' finances might affect capacity in the sector, and whether and how the government might intervene to support providers. [...]

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Beteiligt: Lumpkin, Rachel (HerausgeberIn)
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Ebook
    Format: Online
    ISBN: 9781912805983
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/235063
    Schriftenreihe: IFS report ; R175
    Schlagworte: Kinderbetreuung; Markt; Coronavirus; Finanzierung; England
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 93 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Trends in intergenerational home ownership and wealth transmission
    Erschienen: [2021]
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; no. 1756 (April 2021)
    Schlagworte: housing; intergenerational mobility; wealth; cohorts
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 43 Seiten), Illustrationen
  4. Educational inequality
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socio-economic backgrounds, show how... mehr

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    This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socio-economic backgrounds, show how patterns of educational inequality vary across countries, time, and generations, and establish a link between educational inequality and social mobility. We interpret this evidence from the perspective of economic models of skill acquisition and investment in human capital. The models account for different channels underlying unequal education and highlight how endogenous responses in parents' and children's educational investments generate a close link between economic inequality and educational inequality. Given concerns over the extended school closures during the Covid-19 pandemic, we also summarize early evidence on the impact of the pandemic on children's education and on possible long-run repercussions for educational inequality.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/263441
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15225
    Schlagworte: educational inequality; education finance; social mobility
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 128 Seiten), Illustrationen
  5. Educational inequality
    Erschienen: 11 April 2022
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Policy Research, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Array ; DP17211
    Schlagworte: educational inequality; Education Finance; Social mobility
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 129 Seiten), Illustrationen
  6. Education inequality
    Erschienen: [2022]
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London School of Economics and Political Science, London

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    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; no. 1849 (April 2022)
    Schlagworte: educational inequality; education finance; children
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, Illustrationen
  7. Do non-monetary interventions improve staff retention?
    evidence from English NHS hospitals
    Erschienen: August 2022
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Excessive turnover reduces the stock of an organization's human capital. In the public sector, where wage increases are often constrained, managers need to leverage non-monetary working conditions to retain their workers. We investigate whether... mehr

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    Excessive turnover reduces the stock of an organization's human capital. In the public sector, where wage increases are often constrained, managers need to leverage non-monetary working conditions to retain their workers. We investigate whether workers are responsive to improvements in non-wage aspects of their job by evaluating the impact on nurse retention of a programme that encouraged public hospitals to increase staff retention through data monitoring and improving the non-pecuniary aspects of nursing jobs. Employing rich employee-level administrative data from the universe of English NHS hospitals, and a staggered difference-in-difference design, we find that the programme has improved nursing retention within hospitals and decreased exits from the public hospital sector. Our results indicate that a light-touch intervention can shift management behavior and improve hospital workforce turnover. These findings are important in sectors affected by labor supply shortages, and they are especially policy-relevant in the health care context, where such shortages have potentially negative effects on patient outcomes.

     

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/265701
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 15480
    Schlagworte: labor supply; workforce retention; non-monetary incentives; hospital care; staggered difference-in-differences
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 63 Seiten), Illustrationen
  8. Non-monetary interventions, workforce retention and hospital quality
    evidence from the English NHS
    Erschienen: August 2023
    Verlag:  IZA - Institute of Labor Economics, Bonn, Germany

    Excessive turnover can signicantly impair an organization's performance. Using high-quality administrative data and staggered dierence-in-dierences strategies, we evaluate the impact of a programme that encouraged public hospitals to increase staff... mehr

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    Excessive turnover can signicantly impair an organization's performance. Using high-quality administrative data and staggered dierence-in-dierences strategies, we evaluate the impact of a programme that encouraged public hospitals to increase staff retention by providing data and guidelines on how to improve the non-pecuniary aspects of nursing jobs. We find that the programme has decreased the nurse turnover rate by 4.49%, decreased exits from the public hospital sector by 5.38%, and reduced mortality within 30 days from hospital admission by 3.45%, preventing 11,400 deaths. Our results are consistent with a theoretical model in which information is provided to managers of multi-unit organizations, who trade off coordinating decisions across units and adapting them to local conditions.

     

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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/279077
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 16379
    Schlagworte: labor supply; workforce retention; non-monetary incentives; hospital care; staggered difference-in-differences
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 76 Seiten), Illustrationen
  9. Educational Inequality*
    Erschienen: April 2022
    Verlag:  National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Mass

    This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socio-economic backgrounds, show how... mehr

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    Sächsische Landesbibliothek - Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Dresden
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    Universitätsbibliothek Freiburg
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    Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Universität der Bundeswehr Hamburg, Universitätsbibliothek
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    Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky
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    Technische Informationsbibliothek (TIB) / Leibniz-Informationszentrum Technik und Naturwissenschaften und Universitätsbibliothek
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    This chapter provides new evidence on educational inequality and reviews the literature on the causes and consequences of unequal education. We document large achievement gaps between children from different socio-economic backgrounds, show how patterns of educational inequality vary across countries, time, and generations, and establish a link between educational inequality and social mobility. We interpret this evidence from the perspective of economic models of skill acquisition and investment in human capital. The models account for different channels underlying unequal education and highlight how endogenous responses in parents' and children's educational investments generate a close link between economic inequality and educational inequality. Given concerns over the extended school closures during the Covid-19 pandemic, we also summarize early evidence on the impact of the pandemic on children's education and on possible long-run repercussions for educational inequality

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: NBER working paper series ; no. w29979
    Schlagworte: Bildungschancen; Bildungsniveau; Einkommensverteilung; Soziale Ungleichheit; England; USA; Australien; Deutschland; Vergleich; Bildungsökonomik
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource, illustrations (black and white)
    Bemerkung(en):

    Hardcopy version available to institutional subscribers

  10. Trends in absolute income mobility in North America and Europe

    We compute rates of absolute upward income mobility for the 1960-1987 birth cohorts in eight countries in North America and Europe. Rates and trends in absolute mobility varied dramatically across countries during this period: the US and Canada saw... mehr

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    Verlag (kostenfrei)
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    We compute rates of absolute upward income mobility for the 1960-1987 birth cohorts in eight countries in North America and Europe. Rates and trends in absolute mobility varied dramatically across countries during this period: the US and Canada saw upward mobility rates near 50% for recent cohorts, while countries like Norway and Finland saw sustained rates above 70%. Decomposition analysis suggests that differences in the marginal income distributions, especially the amount of cross-cohort income inequality, were the primary driver of differing mobility rates across countries. We also demonstrate that absolute mobility rates can be accurately estimated without linked parent-child data.

     

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    Quelle: Verbundkataloge
    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/223898
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / IZA ; no. 13456
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 94 Seiten), Illustrationen
  11. Intergenerational persistence in income and social class
    the impact of increased inequality
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  CMPO, Bristol

    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    W 1696 (08.195)
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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Centre for Market and Public Organisation ; 08,195
    Schlagworte: Intergenerationale Übertragung; Soziale Schicht; Einkommen; Soziale Ungleichheit; Großbritannien
    Umfang: 36 S., graph. Darst.
  12. Exit, voice and quality in the English education sector
    Erschienen: 2008
    Verlag:  CMPO, Bristol

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Centre for Market and Public Organisation ; 08,194
    Schlagworte: Bildungswesen; Bildungsniveau; Eltern; Politisches Ziel; Schulauswahl; Wahl; Großbritannien
    Weitere Schlagworte: Array
    Umfang: 15 S.
  13. Intergenerational persistence in income and social class
    the impact of within-group inequality
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  CMPO, Bristol

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    W 1696 (2011,277)
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Centre for Market and Public Organisation ; 11,277
    Schlagworte: Soziale Mobilität; Soziale Schicht; Einkommen; Intergenerationale Übertragung; Großbritannien
    Umfang: 57 S., graph. Darst.
    Bemerkung(en):

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  14. Intergenerational persistence in income and social class
    the impact of within-group inequality
    Erschienen: 2013
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: CEP discussion paper / Centre for Economic Performance ; 1242
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (57 S.), graph. Darst.
  15. Intergenerational persistence in income and social class
    the impact of within-group inequality
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  IZA, Bonn

    Family income is found to be more closely related to sons' earnings for a cohort born in 1970 compared to one born in 1958. This result is in stark contrast to the finding on the basis of social class; intergenerational mobility for this outcome is... mehr

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    Family income is found to be more closely related to sons' earnings for a cohort born in 1970 compared to one born in 1958. This result is in stark contrast to the finding on the basis of social class; intergenerational mobility for this outcome is found to be unchanged. Our aim here is to explore the reason for this divergence. We derive a formal framework which relates mobility in measured family income/earnings to mobility in social class. Building on this framework we then test a number of alternative hypotheses to explain the difference between the trends, finding evidence of an increase in the intergenerational persistence of the permanent component of income that is unrelated to social class. We reject the hypothesis that the observed decline in income mobility is a consequence of the poor measurement of permanent family income in the 1958 cohort. -- intergenerational income mobility ; social class fluidity ; income inequality

     

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    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/58560
    Schriftenreihe: Discussion paper series / Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit ; 6202
    Schlagworte: Soziale Mobilität; Soziale Schicht; Einkommen; Intergenerationale Übertragung; Großbritannien
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 57 S., 678,33 KB), graph. Darst.
  16. Education and intnergenerational mobility
    help or hindrance?
    Erschienen: 2014

    ZBW - Leibniz-Informationszentrum Wirtschaft, Standort Kiel
    W 1142 (179)
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    Schriftenreihe: CASEpaper ; 179
    Schlagworte: Intergenerationenmobilität; Großbritannien
    Umfang: 32, II S., graph. Darst.
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  17. How much can we learn from international comparisons of intergenerational mobility?
    Autor*in: Blanden, Jo
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  CEE, London

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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: CEE discussion papers ; 111
    Schlagworte: Intergenerationale Übertragung; Einkommensverteilung; Soziale Mobilität; Sozialer Status; Bildungsinvestition
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 48 S.), graph. Darst.
  18. Home ownership and social mobility
    Erschienen: January 2017
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: CEP discussion paper ; no 1466
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 44 Seiten), Illustrationen
  19. Quality in early years settings and children's school achievement
    Erschienen: February 2017
    Verlag:  Centre for Economic Performance, London

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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Format: Online
    Schriftenreihe: CEP discussion paper ; no 1468
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 50 Seiten), Illustrationen