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  1. Population sorting and human capital accumulation
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: October 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This article analyzes the effect of population sorting on economic growth. The analysis is performed in a two-region growth model with endogenous fertility, in which public knowledge spillovers from the more advanced core into children’s human... mehr

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    This article analyzes the effect of population sorting on economic growth. The analysis is performed in a two-region growth model with endogenous fertility, in which public knowledge spillovers from the more advanced core into children’s human capital accumulation function in the periphery are incorporated. I show how migration affects the inter-temporal evolution of human capital in each of the regions and the economy as a whole. I also discuss how public policy interventions can help increase the per-capita human capital levels, if free uncontrolled migration leads to a reduction in human capital accumulation.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/245519
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9338 (2021)
    Schlagworte: migration; population sorting; knowledge spillovers; fertility; human capital; economic growth
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 35 Seiten)
  2. Effects of emigration on gender norms in countries of origin
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.; Yakubenko, Slava
    Erschienen: November 2021
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This paper studies the effect of emigration on gender norms in countries of migrants' origin. We use an instrumental variable strategy that allows us to estimate a causal effect of emigration on gender inequality. Our findings suggest that emigration... mehr

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    This paper studies the effect of emigration on gender norms in countries of migrants' origin. We use an instrumental variable strategy that allows us to estimate a causal effect of emigration on gender inequality. Our findings suggest that emigration to countries with low (high) levels of gender inequality is associated with promotion of more (less) progressive gender norms. These effects are observed for a wide range of indicators and are robust to inclusion of a set of control variables. Moreover, countries with high levels of gender inequality benefit from this process disproportionately more. Based on the provided evidence we argue that this effect is channelled through "cultural remittances".

     
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    hdl: 10419/248995
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 9450 (2021)
    Schlagworte: migration; gender; cultural remittances
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 46 Seiten), Illustrationen
  3. Health capital provision and human capital accumulation
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: February 2020
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich, Germany

    This article analyzes the effect of public policy intervention in the production of health capital on fertility, private investment in children's health and education and human capital accumulation. I have used a growth model with endogenous... mehr

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    This article analyzes the effect of public policy intervention in the production of health capital on fertility, private investment in children's health and education and human capital accumulation. I have used a growth model with endogenous fertility, in which the usual parental trade-off between the quantity and quality of their children is augmented with an additional factor that affects children's human capital, which is health. I analyze the overall society-wide effect of public policy intervention and derive a condition that determines precisely whether public provision of free health services increases or decreases the average level of human capital in the society.

     
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    hdl: 10419/216512
    Schriftenreihe: CESifo working paper ; no. 8116 (2020)
    Schlagworte: Gesundheitskosten; Gesundheit; Bildungsinvestition; Humankapital; Fertilität; Gesundheitspolitik
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 28 Seiten)
  4. Refugee resettlement, redistribution and growth
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2018
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich

    This paper studies the effect of refugee resettlement on human capital accumulation. The analysis is performed in a growth model with endogenous fertility. I show how refugee resettlement from a more advanced and wealthier economy to a less advanced... mehr

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    This paper studies the effect of refugee resettlement on human capital accumulation. The analysis is performed in a growth model with endogenous fertility. I show how refugee resettlement from a more advanced and wealthier economy to a less advanced and less wealthy economy combined with income transfers is Pareto-improving for indigenous populations in both countries. I also derive conditions for the proposed resettlement policy to stimulate human capital accumulation and hence economic growth in both economies.

     
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    hdl: 10419/176980
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 6961
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 26 Seiten)
  5. Foreign aid, fertility and populations growth
    evidence from Africa
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics, Ramat-Gan

    This article investigates the relationship between foreign aid and population growth in sub-Saharan Africa. The work considers population growth rate and a directly related to fertility demographic indicator – total fertility rate. Using a panel of... mehr

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    This article investigates the relationship between foreign aid and population growth in sub-Saharan Africa. The work considers population growth rate and a directly related to fertility demographic indicator – total fertility rate. Using a panel of 43 African countries over the last four decades of the 20th century, it demonstrates the positive association between foreign aid and population growth and suggests that foreign aid affects population growth primarily through its effect on fertility. These findings suggest that the appreciation of the demographic effect of foreign aid can have important implications for the design of policies regarding to foreign aid for presently developing countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. -- Foreign aid ; Fertility ; Population growth

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/95993
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2009,12
    Schlagworte: Entwicklungshilfe; Fertilität; Bevölkerungswachstum; Humankapital; Bildungsinvestition; Subsahara-Afrika
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (21 S.)
  6. Abortion and human capital accumulation
    a contribution to the understanding of the gender gap in education
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: Dec. 2008
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics, Ramat-Gan

    This article analyzes the relationship between abortion and female education. It provides new empirical evidence from sub-Saharan Africa to show that more liberal abortion policies are associated with a higher female secondary school enrollment. It... mehr

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    This article analyzes the relationship between abortion and female education. It provides new empirical evidence from sub-Saharan Africa to show that more liberal abortion policies are associated with a higher female secondary school enrollment. It is assumed in the model that easier access to abortion decreases probability of dropping out of school for a female child in the case of an occasional pregnancy. As a consequence, it enhances parental investments in human capital of their female offspring and helps to reduce the gender gap in education, as consistent with the evidence. -- gender gap ; abortion ; fertility ; human capital ; economic growth

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96081
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2008,06
    Schlagworte: Schwangerschaftsabbruch; Frauenbildung; Geschlechterdiskriminierung; Schätzung; Subsahara-Afrika
    Umfang: Online-Ressource, 34 S., Text
  7. Involuntary integration in public education, fertility and human capital
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: Dec. 2008
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics, Ramat-Gan

    This article analyzes the negative side of involuntary integration in public education – its effect on whites. The model shows that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational... mehr

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    This article analyzes the negative side of involuntary integration in public education – its effect on whites. The model shows that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational expenditures and decreases fertility among more affluent whites whose children flee. In contrast, among less prosperous parents multicultural integration in public education decreases their children’s human capital levels. The analysis also demonstrates that among whites the poor, who can not afford to avoid the forcible integration, suffer from a higher negative effect than the rich, who can resort to the White Flight. -- Education ; Integration policy ; White Flight ; Fertility ; Human capital

     
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    hdl: 10419/96052
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2008,07
    Schlagworte: Soziale Integration; Bildungschancen; Weiße; Fertilität; Humankapital; Israel
    Umfang: Online-Ressource, 24 S., Text
  8. Inter-ethnic redistribution and human investments
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2009
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics, Ramat-Gan

    This article analyzes income redistribution in the inter-ethnic context. The model shows that redistribution in favor of less prosperous ethnic minorities raises fertility among the unskilled minority recipients, lowers fertility among the... mehr

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    This article analyzes income redistribution in the inter-ethnic context. The model shows that redistribution in favor of less prosperous ethnic minorities raises fertility among the unskilled minority recipients, lowers fertility among the contributing local skilled, slows human capital accumulation, and reduces the per-capita output growth. The analysis also demonstrates that income redistribution, although financed by taxes levied on the skilled, generates a mechanism that, via its disincentive effect on human capital investment, works strongly against another weak segment of society – the local unskilled. This may provide a purely economic explanation for antipathy toward minorities, especially, among less educated. -- redistribution ; ethnic diversity ; fertility ; human capital ; economic growth

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96096
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2009,01
    Schlagworte: Einkommensverteilung; Ethnische Gruppe; Fertilität; Humankapital; Wirtschaftswachstum; Welt
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (25 S.)
  9. Integrated public education, fertility and human capital
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  CESifo, München

    This article analyzes the consequences of integration in public education. I show that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational expenditures and, as a result, decreases fertility... mehr

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    This article analyzes the consequences of integration in public education. I show that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational expenditures and, as a result, decreases fertility among more affluent parents whose children flee. In contrast, among less prosperous parents, integration in public education decreases their children's human capital levels. I demonstrate that the poor, who cannot opt out, incur greater costs than the rich, who can resort to private education. I also analyze the overall society-wide effect of the integration policy and derive a condition that determines precisely whether this policy increases or decreases the average level of human capital in society. -- public education ; private education ; integration ; fertility ; human capital

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/49522
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 3545
    Schlagworte: Allgemeinbildende Schule; Soziale Integration; Soziale Schicht; Privatschule; Fertilität; Bildungsinvestition; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 20 S., 127 KB)
  10. Integrated public education, fertility and human capital
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: [2011]
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics], [Ramat-Gan

    This article analyzes the consequences of integration in public education. I show that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational expenditures and, as a result, decreases fertility... mehr

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    Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
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    This article analyzes the consequences of integration in public education. I show that the flight from the integrated multicultural public schools to private education increases private educational expenditures and, as a result, decreases fertility among more affluent parents whose children flee. In contrast, among less prosperous parents, integration in public education decreases their children’s human capital levels. I demonstrate that the poor, who cannot opt out, incur greater costs than the rich, who can resort to private education. I also analyze the overall society-wide effect of the integration policy and derive a condition that determines precisely whether this policy increases or decreases the average level of human capital in society. -- Public education ; private education ; integration ; fertility ; human capital

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/96069
    Schriftenreihe: [Department Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2011,24]
    Schlagworte: Allgemeinbildende Schule; Soziale Integration; Soziale Schicht; Privatschule; Fertilität; Bildungsinvestition; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 20 S., 284 KB)
  11. Male vs. female guest-worker migration
    does it matter for fertility in the source country?
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: [2011]
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics], [Ramat-Gan

    Men's additional income from their guest-worker employment generates a pure income effect, which increases fertility. The timing of women's higher-wage employment relative to child bearing is crucial for its effect on fertility. If women work abroad... mehr

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    Men's additional income from their guest-worker employment generates a pure income effect, which increases fertility. The timing of women's higher-wage employment relative to child bearing is crucial for its effect on fertility. If women work abroad during the same time period when they can bear children, their additional income generates a substitution effect, which reduces fertility. In contrast, if the time period when women work abroad does not coincide with the period when they bear children, their additional income generates the income effect on fertility, which is not different from that of men's additional income. -- Guest-worker migration ; Gender ; Fertility

     
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    hdl: 10419/96010
    Schriftenreihe: [Department Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2011,25]
    Schlagworte: Arbeitsmigranten; Einwanderung; Geschlecht; Fertilität; Offene Volkswirtschaft; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 11 S., 253 KB)
  12. Agricultural exports, tariffs and growth
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  CESifo, München

    This article presents a Ricardian model of trade with learning-by-doing to study the effect of barriers to trade in products with low growth potential on the long-run economic growth. The model shows that, when elasticity of demand for the product... mehr

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    This article presents a Ricardian model of trade with learning-by-doing to study the effect of barriers to trade in products with low growth potential on the long-run economic growth. The model shows that, when elasticity of demand for the product with a lower learning potential is lower than unitary, a reduction in the tariff imposed on this product, may shift the demand toward the product with a higher learning potential, thus enhancing economic growth in the exporter economy. Therefore, the current trend of reduction in tariffs on agricultural exports not only generates a positive welfare effect in the short run, but may similarly be beneficial for developing economies in the long run, since it also increases their incentive to develop sectors with higher growth potential.

     
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    hdl: 10419/93424
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 4583
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (14 S.)
  13. Immigration, fertility, and human capital
    a model of economic decline of the West
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  CESifo, München

    I show how the influences of unskilled immigration, differential fertility between immigrants and the local indigenous population, and incentives for investment in human capital combine to predict the decline of the West. In particular, indigenous... mehr

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    I show how the influences of unskilled immigration, differential fertility between immigrants and the local indigenous population, and incentives for investment in human capital combine to predict the decline of the West. In particular, indigenous low-skilled workers lose from unskilled immigration even if the indigenous low-skilled workers do not finance redistribution, do not compete with immigrants in the labor market, and do not compete with immigrants for publicly financed income transfers. For the economy at large, high-fertility unskilled immigrants and a low-fertility indigenous population result in economic decline through reduced human capital accumulation and reduced growth of per-capita output. -- immigration ; redistribution ; ethnic diversity ; fertility ; human capital ; economic growth

     
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    hdl: 10419/38999
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 3025
    Schlagworte: Einwanderung; Ungelernte Arbeitskräfte; Migranten; Fertilität; Bevölkerung; Bildungsinvestition; Umverteilung; Stagnation; Theorie; Westliche Staaten
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (21 S.)
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  14. Immigration, fertility and human capital
    a model of economic decline of the West
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics, Ramat-Gan

    I show how the influences of unskilled immigration, differential fertility between immigrants and the local indigenous population, and incentives for investment in human capital combine to predict the decline of the West. In particular, indigenous... mehr

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    I show how the influences of unskilled immigration, differential fertility between immigrants and the local indigenous population, and incentives for investment in human capital combine to predict the decline of the West. In particular, indigenous low-skilled workers lose from unskilled immigration even if the indigenous lowskilled workers do not finance redistribution, do not compete with immigrants in the labor market, and do not compete with immigrants for publicly financed income transfers. For the economy at large, high-fertility unskilled immigrants and a lowfertility indigenous population result in economic decline through reduced human capital accumulation and reduced growth of per-capita output. -- Immigration ; redistribution ; ethnic diversity ; fertility ; human capital ; economic growth

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/95990
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2010,04
    Schlagworte: Einwanderung; Ungelernte Arbeitskräfte; Migranten; Fertilität; Bevölkerung; Bildungsinvestition; Umverteilung; Stagnation; Theorie; Westliche Staaten
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (31 S.)
  15. Is skilled immigration always good for growth in the receiving economy?
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  Bar-Ilan Univ., Dep. of Economics, Ramat-Gan

    A highly skilled immigration can be growth enhancing if the positive contribution of the imported brains to the host economy’s human capital stock outweighs the immigration-induced adverse effect on educational incentives for natives, or growth... mehr

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    A highly skilled immigration can be growth enhancing if the positive contribution of the imported brains to the host economy’s human capital stock outweighs the immigration-induced adverse effect on educational incentives for natives, or growth depleting if the latter effect dominates. -- Skilled immigration ; growth

     
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    hdl: 10419/96044
    Schriftenreihe: Working papers / Bar-Ilan University, Department of Economics ; 2010,05
    Schlagworte: Einwanderung; Hochqualifizierte Arbeitskräfte; Wirtschaftswachstum; Kleine offene Volkswirtschaft; Overlapping Generations; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (17 S.)
  16. Après nous le Déluge
    fertility and the intensity of struggle against immigration
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2010
    Verlag:  CESifo, München

    This paper is inspired by a puzzling empirical fact that despite the importance of controlling migration for their future, the host countries allocate very limited amounts of resources to the struggle against illegal immigration. The present model... mehr

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    This paper is inspired by a puzzling empirical fact that despite the importance of controlling migration for their future, the host countries allocate very limited amounts of resources to the struggle against illegal immigration. The present model analyzes this issue in the context of low fertility in the host countries and suggests a novel channel though which the intensity of the struggle against immigration can be related to fertility. The analysis shows that for childless individuals, who have no reason to care about the future, it is optimal to contribute less to the costly immigration-prevention measures. -- immigration ; border enforcing ; low fertility

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/38990
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 3064
    Schlagworte: Migrationspolitik; Illegale Migration; Einwanderungsrecht; Neue politische Ökonomie; Fertilität; Alleinlebende; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (12 S.)
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    Parallel als Druckausg. erschienen
  17. Guest-worker migration, human capital and fertility
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2011
    Verlag:  CESifo, München

    This work focuses on a temporary guest-worker-type migration of individuals from the middle class of the wealth distribution. The article demonstrates that the possibility of a lowskilled guest-worker employment in a higher wage foreign country... mehr

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    This work focuses on a temporary guest-worker-type migration of individuals from the middle class of the wealth distribution. The article demonstrates that the possibility of a lowskilled guest-worker employment in a higher wage foreign country lowers the relative attractiveness of the skilled employment in the home country. Thus it prevents a fraction of individuals from acquiring human capital. Therefore, even if all individuals who acquired education remain in the home country, the actual number of educated workers in the source economy decreases, and the aggregate level of human capital in this economy would thus be negatively affected. -- migration ; human capital ; fertility ; brain drain ; economic growth

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/46264
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 3429
    Schlagworte: Arbeitsmigranten; Arbeitsmigranten; Bildungsinvestition; Brain Drain; Fertilität; Theorie
    Umfang: Online-Ressource (PDF-Datei: 22 S., 161,39 KB)
  18. Trade, luxury goods and a growth enhancing tariff
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: June 2016
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich

    This article presents a Ricardian model of trade with learning-by-doing to study the effect of barriers to trade in products with low growth potential on the long-run economic growth. The model shows that, when elasticity of demand for the product... mehr

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    This article presents a Ricardian model of trade with learning-by-doing to study the effect of barriers to trade in products with low growth potential on the long-run economic growth. The model shows that, when elasticity of demand for the product with a lower learning potential is greater than unity, a tariff imposed on this product can shift the demand toward the product with a higher learning potential, thus enhancing growth in the exporter economy. Therefore, although with some possible negative effect on the welfare in the short run, barriers for the export of natural luxury goods may be beneficial for developing economies in the long run, since they increase their incentive to develop sectors with higher growth potential.

     
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    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/144978
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 5943
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 19 Seiten)
  19. Transportation costs and the great divergence
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: 2014
    Verlag:  CESifo, München

    This work shows the asymmetric effect of the reduction in transportation costs across different sectors in the process of the Great Divergence. Specifically, the analysis indicates that reductions in transportation costs of industrial goods enhance... mehr

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    This work shows the asymmetric effect of the reduction in transportation costs across different sectors in the process of the Great Divergence. Specifically, the analysis indicates that reductions in transportation costs of industrial goods enhance convergence of the growth rates of trading economies. In contrast, reductions in transportation costs of non-industrial goods contribute to a further divergence across countries.

     
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    hdl: 10419/96819
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; 4766
    Umfang: Online-Ressource ([1], 18 S.)
  20. Migration, congestion and growth
    Autor*in: Azarnert, Leonid V.
    Erschienen: May 2017
    Verlag:  CESifo, Center for Economic Studies & Ifo Institute, Munich

    This article analyzes the effect of migration from a less advanced economy to a more advanced economy on economic growth. The analysis is performed in a two-country growth model with endogenous fertility, in which congestion diseconomies are... mehr

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    This article analyzes the effect of migration from a less advanced economy to a more advanced economy on economic growth. The analysis is performed in a two-country growth model with endogenous fertility, in which congestion diseconomies are incorporated. The model shows that out-migration increases fertility and reduces human capital in the source economy. At the same time, in-migration reduces fertility and can increase or decrease the average level of human capital in the host economy. I show how migration affects the inter-temporal evolution of human capital in the world economy. I also demonstrate that a tax imposed on immigrants in the host economy can increase human capital accumulation in the receiving and sending economies and the world as a whole.

     
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    Sprache: Englisch
    Medientyp: Buch (Monographie)
    Format: Online
    Weitere Identifier:
    hdl: 10419/167494
    Schriftenreihe: Array ; no. 6508
    Umfang: 1 Online-Ressource (circa 40 Seiten)